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one study found that the Math Confidence Scale had a significant positive correlation with math self-
efficacy (r = 0.74) and a significant negative correlation with math anxiety (r = -0.61), providing evidence
for the scale's construct validity. Another study found a significant positive correlation between the Math
Confidence Scale and math achievement (r = 0.53), providing evidence for the scale's criterion validity.
reliability of mcs:
The internal consistency of the Math Confidence Scale has been found to be high, with Cronbach's alpha
coefficients ranging from 0.85 to 0.93 across different studies.
or
Test-retest reliability assesses the stability of the scale over time. The Math Confidence Scale has been
found to have good test-retest reliability, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.68 to 0.91 across
different studies.