Technology and Livelihood Education 9

4th Quarter Week 4

I.Title
TYPES OF SOIL
KINDS OF FERTILIZER
II. Objectives
At the end of this module, the learner should be able to
a. understand the different types of soil,
b. discuss the different kinds of fertilizer; and
c. perform how to improve soil.
III. Lesson Content
Soil is the top layer of the earth’s surface suitable for the growth of plant life. Soil is a natural body
called the pedosphere which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of
water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms;
all of which, in turn, modify the soil.
TYPES OF SOIL
 Clay soil is made of a relatively higher proportion of fine particles. Unlike sandy soils, these soils have
very less space between particles. Because the particles are smaller in size, water can be trapped in the
tiny gaps between them. Clay soils are heavy and hold more water.
 Loamy soil is a mixture of sand, soil and silt. Silt particles are present between sand and soil particles. It
also contains humus, and is, therefore, considered the best for the growth of plants. The percolation rate is
between that of sandy soil and clay soil.
 Sandy soil is made of greater proportion of big particles like sand. They cannot fit closely together. So,
there are large spaces between them. These places are filled with air. Therefore, in this type of soil, water
absorption is very high as the water passes quickly through these spaces. These soils are light, well
aerated and dry.
TYPES OF FERTILIZERS
• Organic Fertilizers
Came from plant or animal matter and contains carbon compounds.
Examples: urea, sludge and animal tankage
TYPES OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
1. ANIMAL MANURE- This includes all solid and liquid animal excreta from chicken, carabaos, cattle,
horses and pigs.
2. GREEN MANURE – Leguminous crops such as mungo, beans, peanuts, and cowpea are examples of
plants that can be used for green manuring.
3. COMPOST- consist of well-decayed vegetable materials made of green, dry plants and grasses, and
animal manure.
• Inorganic Fertilizers
- Comes from sources other than animals or plants
- Chemical products
TYPES OF INORGANIC FERTILIZERS
2. Complete Fertilizer - has all three primary nutrients-nitrogen phosphorous & potassium
 Examples: 10-10-10, 15-30-15, 20-5-20, 14-14-14 (Swire)
2. Incomplete Fertilizer - does not have all three primary nutrients
 Examples: 20-0-0, 0-20-0, 12-0-44, 46-0-0 (Urea)

Advantages of Inorganic
 Can make the desired ratio of nutrients
 easy to get
 lower cost

Disadvantages of Inorganic
 No organic material
ESSENTIAL PLANT NUTRIENTS
N- Nitrogen
P- Phosphorus
K- Potassium

GRADE 8 TLE 1
 Function of Nitrogen
1) Increasing growth and development of all living tissue.
2) Increasing germination of crops.
3) Improve the quality.
4) It increases utilization of P and K.
Function of Phosphorus
1) It promotes to root formation and growth.
2) Improve the quality of fruits.
3) Seed formation and early maturity.
Function of Potassium
1) It increasing in resistant in plants against moisture stress, heat, frost and disease.

IV. Task
1. Using a Venn diagram, compare and contrast organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer.
2. If you are going to choose between organic and inorganic fertilizer, which one do you prefer? Why?

V. PCHECK # 3
1. Make documentations on how to improve the soil for garden, take a picture in every process or step
that you are going to make, each picture should have captions.

V. Assignment
1. Why good seed is important in planting?
2. What are the characteristics of good seeds?
3. Give the methods of testing seed viability
VI. Reflection
What have you learned?

Prepared By:

JONAFE M. IMBAG
Subject Teacher

GRADE 8 TLE 2