NH-12 (Old NH-34), Simhat, Haringhata, Nadia -741249

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

NAME: SNEHASISH PATRA

COURSE: BCA (3rd Year/6th Sem)
ROLL NO: 30001220025
REG. NO: 203001001210025
1. Compute the function histogram_equalization which
calculates a histogram equalized image corresponding to the
given image. The function input is a grayscale image and the
function output is the histogram equalized image corresponding
to the input image. Call the function histogram_equalization for
the moon image and display the resulting output.
Plot the histogram of the intensities of the input image and the
histogram-equalized image
side-by-side.

Input:
import cv2
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
def histogram_equalization(img):
hist, bins = np.histogram(img.flatten(), 256, [0,256])
cdf = hist.cumsum()
cdf_normalized = cdf * hist.max() / cdf.max()
new_pixels = np.round(cdf_normalized[img.flatten()]).astype(np.uint8)
new_img = np.reshape(new_pixels, img.shape)
return new_img
img = cv2.imread('moon.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
equalized_img = histogram_equalization(img)
fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(10,5))
axs[0].hist(img.flatten(), 256, [0,256], color='b')
axs[0].set_title('Input Image Histogram')
axs[1].hist(equalized_img.flatten(), 256, [0,256], color='b')
axs[1].set_title('Equalized Image Histogram')
plt.show()
cv2.imshow('Equalized Image', equalized_img)
cv2.imshow('Input Image', img)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
Output:
2. Sharpening using the second derivative.

Input:
import cv2
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
img = cv2.imread('moon.jpg')
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(gray, (5,5), 0)
laplacian = cv2.Laplacian(blur, cv2.CV_64F)
sharpened = gray + laplacian
sharpened = cv2.normalize(sharpened, None, alpha=0, beta=255,
norm_type=cv2.NORM_MINMAX, dtype=cv2.CV_8U)
fig, axs = plt.subplots(1, 2, figsize=(10,5))
axs[0].imshow(cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB))
axs[0].set_title('Input Image')
axs[1].imshow(sharpened, cmap='gray')
axs[1].set_title('Sharpened Image')
plt.show()

Output:
3. Compute the function gradient_magnitude that calculates the
magnitude of gradient vector image corresponding to a given
image. The function input is a grayscale image and the function
output is the gradient magnitude image corresponding to the
input image. The function must use the Sobel approximation to
the derivative. Filtering must be implemented without using
Python functions like scipy.ndimage.convolve. Call the function
gradient_magnitude with the camera image, and display the
output.

Input:
import cv2
import numpy as np
def gradient_magnitude(image):
sobel_x = np.array([[-1, 0, 1], [-2, 0, 2], [-1, 0, 1]])
sobel_y = np.array([[-1, -2, -1], [0, 0, 0], [1, 2, 1]])
gx = cv2.filter2D(image, cv2.CV_32F, sobel_x)
gy = cv2.filter2D(image, cv2.CV_32F, sobel_y)
magnitude = np.sqrt(gx*2 + gy*2)
magnitude = cv2.normalize(magnitude, None, 0, 255, cv2.NORM_MINMAX,
dtype=cv2.CV_8U)
return magnitude
image = cv2.imread('moon.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
gradient_magnitude_image = gradient_magnitude(image)
cv2.imshow('Input image', image)
cv2.imshow('Gradient magnitude image', gradient_magnitude_image)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

Output: