Το κοινωνιοπολιτισμικό και γεωγραφικό πλαίσιο της πόλης του Baguio. Ορεινές φυλές.

Mountain pagan tribes

Nestled in the mountains of Northern Luzon, Baguio City (pop. 350,000) is a colourful,
multicultural city full of diversity.

Baguio, city, west-central Luzon, Philippines.

After the United States occupied the Philippines in 1898, Governor William Howard Taft and
other officials proposed the pleasant site nestled in pine-clad hills at about 1,500 metres to
serve as the summer capital of the Philippines. The idea was adopted by the Filipinos, and
Baguio became the country’s foremost resort, with numerous hotels, cottages, and summer
homes and with excellent air, road, and rail connections to Manila, 250km south. In 1976,
however, Baguio ceased to be the official summer capital, Manila serving from that date as
the capital throughout the year.

Baguio is an important gold-mining centre, and copper is extracted at nearby Mankayan. The
Philippine Military Academy, Saint Louis University (1963), and the University of Baguio
(1969; formerly Baguio Technical College) are in the city. Other places of interest include
Camp John Hay (a recreation base where the Japanese general Yamashita Tomoyuki
surrendered to General Jonathan M. Wainwright in 1945), Burnham Park, Asin Hot Springs,
and Mount Santo Tomas. Baguio sustained considerable damage from an earthquake that
struck central Luzon on July 16, 1990.

Population: 303.450 (2010)

assemblage “refers to both the act of assembling diverse elements […] and to the
arrangements of these elements for a specific purpose […] it is the interaction between
the elements that allows the assemblage to become more than the sum of its parts”
(Pietikäinen 2021: 236). We see both the jeepney and Baguio City, our research site as
assemblages,

To conceptualize linguistic landscapes for our research, we adopt Scollon and Scollon’s (2003)
framework that argues for an understanding of space as being socially constructed as a repository
of social and cultural interaction.

Figure 1 illustrates Kress and van Leeuwen’s interpretation of how space utilization contributes to
the interpretation of visual space. This representation relies on Western utilization and
understanding of space and is also one-dimensional focusing only on the use of space on, for
instance, advertising billboards. When applied to linguistic landscape research (Huebner 2009),
the triptych proposes a grammar that differentiates the interpretive value between signs or images
located in the center and periphery, right or left, top or bottom. Subsequent values are assigned
to signs, whether linguistic or visual resources, depending on their placement. Top left is ideal
given, while top right is ideal new. Bottom left is given real, while bottom right is given ideal. For

How is space conceived in linguistic landscape research and how does this intersect
with understandings of space in pragmatics?

οπτική γραμματική είναι διαφορετική σε κάθε κουλτούρα καθώς αφορουν συγκεκριμένες

ομάδες ανθρώπων.
their implicit and explicit knowledge of these resources and their varied uses of the same
is predominantly Western in its orientation, especially in its conceptualization of how space
contributes to the meaning of linguistic and semiotic elements in signages.