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DOW Ion Exchange Resins - Anion Resins - Odor

Answer ID 4694   |    Updated 11/30/2017 11:46 AM

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Why do anion exchange resins have an odor?

Anion exchange resins, especially strong base anion exchange resins in the hydroxide form, may emit odors
such as a dead sh smell. The main cause is release of very low levels of amines from the resin
(trimethylamine for type I strong base resins). The amines are released due to slight de-amination of the resin
by the Hofmann's reaction. This is the primary degradation mechanism for anion exchange resins. Higher
temperature will accelerate the rate of resin de-amination, as will allowing the resin to dehydrate (become dry).
Amines, such as trimethylamine, have a very low odor threshold (5 ppb) and will be smelled at levels well below
the hazardous limits established by regulatory agencies. Trimethylamine is also released by decomposing sh,
hence the association of the resin odor with a dead sh.

During regeneration of the anion resin with sodium hydroxide an amine smell may be noticed. To avoid
nuisance by the smell, it may therefore be necessary to operate in a well ventilated room. Upon insu cient
ventilation (for 8-Hour time weighted average of more > 4.9 mg/m3 trimethylamine) it is recommended to use
respiratory protection.

If desired, the amines can be quickly rinsed from the resin using deionized water before placing the resin into
service. The total exchange capacity and salt splitting capacity of the anion exchange resin should not be
measurably changed by the slight levels of de-amination that occur under normal storage conditions.
TM
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