86502-IMG r2 PDF

General
Revision history
From time to time, update sheets will be issued to bring your service
manual up-to-date. For ease of updating, the new information will be
page for page, or section for section, replaceable. You will also get a new
update table so you can check the contents of your manual to verify you
have the latest information. You can also check what has been changed
from the previous revision.
Revision history table

Revision Date of Notes
level amendment
2 June 2005 Column cap replacement instructions revised,
alternative method for compression added,
details
A April 2003 AEC Paramdump instructions,
menu description updates (sw 1.02.5),
details
- June 11, 2001 New manual
Conventions used in this document

This manual has following conventions:
NOTE!
Contains useful information for the reader about the unit and its use.
CAUTION!
Contains important instructions. If these instructions are not observed,
malfunction of the unit or damage to the unit or other property may
occur.
WARNING!
Contains warnings and instructions about the safety of the unit. If these
warnings are not respected, serious risks and injury may be caused to the
patient and operator.
86502-IMG 2 GE Healthcare
Notes, Cautions and Warnings
NOTE!
Only engineers trained by GE Healthcare are allowed to install the unit or
stand by it during the installation or service work. Parts installed by
nontrained personnel carry no warranty!
CAUTION!
Always check for proper seating on all the connectors or external
components located in the areas you have worked. Equipment damage
can result if power is applied or exposures made with improperly seated
connectors or external components!
WARNING!
Always install the proper fuses into the unit. Failure to do so jeopardizes
patient, operator and equipment safety.
WARNING!
This unit has floating grounds. Always make all scope measurements
differentially and always be careful when servicing the unit!
CAUTION!
When handling circuit boards, always utilize ground wrist straps or
grounding kits to prevent damage to the “mos” type chips. Always keep
circuit boards in a static proof bag.
WARNING!
Always disconnect the unit from line supply by removing the plug from
wall outlet before opening the covers.
WARNING!
The X-ray tube utilizes a Beryllium window. Do not perform any
operations on Beryllium which produce dust or fumes, such as grinding,
grit blasting or acid cleaning. Beryllium dust or fumes are highly toxic and
breathing them can result in serious personal injury or death.
GE Healthcare 86502-IMG 2
WARNING!
This X-ray unit may be dangerous to patient and operator unless safe
exposure factors and instructions are observed!
WARNING!
Pay attention during the installation not damage optoswitches, c-arm
mounting and other parts. Check the unit thoroughly before handing it to
the client.
On-line centers:
OLC-Americas OLC-Europe
1-800-321-7937 (USA/CDN) +33 (0)1 30 83 13 00
1(262) 896-2890 (Elsewhere)
OLC-Japan OLC-ANZ
81-426-48-2940 61-2-3163700
86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 1-3

1-4 GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2
Table of Contents
4 Parameter programming and software load...................................................... 1
4.1 Overview/functional description ..............................................................................................................1
4.2 Service mode overview .................................................................................................................................1
4.2.1 A: System setup ............................................................................................................................................... 2
4.2.2 B: Defaults .......................................................................................................................................................... 3
4.2.3 C: Diagnostics - NOT USED ......................................................................................................................... 7
4.2.4 D: AEC ................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.2.5 E: C-Arm Rotation..........................................................................................................................................20
4.2.6 F: Collimator.....................................................................................................................................................23
4.2.7 G: Compression..............................................................................................................................................26
4.2.8 H: Filter ...............................................................................................................................................................29
4.2.9 I: Generator ......................................................................................................................................................30
4.2.10 J: ParkBack.......................................................................................................................................................31
4.2.11 K: Stereo Movement ....................................................................................................................................32
4.2.12 L: Physicist mode ..........................................................................................................................................33
4.2.13 General software update information ................................................................................................34
4.2.13.1 Upgrade from 1.02.2 - 1.02.4 to 1.02.5 ........................................................................................ 34
4.3 Hyperterminal interface for Diamond ................................................................................................34
4.3.1 Configuration of the HyperTerminal:...................................................................................................35
4.3.2 Data capture ...................................................................................................................................................35
4.3.3 Save setup data.............................................................................................................................................39
4.4 Diamond test displays................................................................................................................................39
4.5 Software versions .........................................................................................................................................39
4.6 Specimen mode.............................................................................................................................................40
5 Electrical system architecture - theory of operation ....................................... 1
5.1 Overview ..............................................................................................................................................................1
5.2 Input power ........................................................................................................................................................2
5.2.1 Supply Voltage Regulation ......................................................................................................................... 3
5.2.2 Sensor types ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
5.3 Printed circuit board (PCB) communication ........................................................................................4
5.3.1 Internal Serial Bus........................................................................................................................................... 4
5.3.2 External Serial Bus.......................................................................................................................................... 4
5.4 Supervisor Board..............................................................................................................................................4
5.5 Power Board.......................................................................................................................................................5
5.5.1 Power supply section.................................................................................................................................... 5
5.5.2 C-Arm rotation motor control ................................................................................................................... 6
5.5.3 C-Arm Rotation Sensors .............................................................................................................................. 6
5.5.4 Vertical movement or Z-motor control................................................................................................. 7
5.6 Generator Board ..............................................................................................................................................7
5.6.1 kV Control ........................................................................................................................................................... 8
5.6.1.1 High voltage section................................................................................................................................8
5.6.1.2 Timing.............................................................................................................................................................8
5.6.1.3 Low voltage section................................................................................................................................. 8
5.6.2 mA Control ......................................................................................................................................................... 9
5.6.3 Protection circuits.........................................................................................................................................10
5.6.4 Back Up Timer ................................................................................................................................................11
5.6.5 Monitoring ........................................................................................................................................................12
5.7 Anode Motor Drive Board - AMD Board .............................................................................................13
5.8 Stereo Board ...................................................................................................................................................13
5.8.1 Voltage regulators........................................................................................................................................14
86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare i

5.8.2 Stereo and ECS motor drive.....................................................................................................................14
5.8.2.1 Stereo Sensors ........................................................................................................................................ 14
5.8.3 Compression motor drive .........................................................................................................................15
5.8.4 Back up release .............................................................................................................................................15
5.8.5 Sensors and Keyboard...............................................................................................................................15
5.9 Drive Board ......................................................................................................................................................15
5.9.1 Grid movement ..............................................................................................................................................15
5.9.2 Cassette tray movement ..........................................................................................................................16
5.9.3 Sensors ..............................................................................................................................................................16
5.9.4 Cassette Sensors...........................................................................................................................................18
5.10 Collimator Board ...........................................................................................................................................19
5.10.1 Collimator plate and filter drive..............................................................................................................19
5.10.2 Collimator Sensors .......................................................................................................................................19
5.10.3 Tube Park drive ..............................................................................................................................................20
5.10.4 Tube Park movement sensors ................................................................................................................20
5.10.5 Filter sensor .....................................................................................................................................................21
5.11 Compression Board .....................................................................................................................................21
5.11.1 Compression thickness measurement ...............................................................................................21
5.11.2 Compression force measurement ........................................................................................................21
5.11.3 Displays .............................................................................................................................................................22
5.11.4 Keyboard ..........................................................................................................................................................22
5.11.5 Compression Sensors .................................................................................................................................22
5.12 AEC Board.........................................................................................................................................................25
5.12.1 Automatic Exposure Control....................................................................................................................26
5.12.2 Sensors ..............................................................................................................................................................26
5.13 Fuses, voltages and led indications .....................................................................................................26
5.13.1 Fuses...................................................................................................................................................................26
5.13.2 Voltages.............................................................................................................................................................27
5.13.3 LED indications...............................................................................................................................................28
6 System checks and preventive maintenance..................................................... 1
6.1 X-RAY TUBE PERFORMANCE CHECK........................................................................................................1
6.1.1 Half-value layer (HVL) measurement .................................................................................................... 1
6.1.2 Tube efficiency check on the cassette holder .................................................................................. 2
6.1.3 Image quality evaluation procedure..................................................................................................... 3
6.1.4 Measurement of the feedback circuitry .............................................................................................. 5
6.1.5 kV, mAs and exposure time test .............................................................................................................. 6
6.2 Automatic exposure control evaluation................................................................................................6
6.2.1 Quick AEC test .................................................................................................................................................. 7
6.2.2 Exporting and storing the system settings data.............................................................................. 7
6.2.3 Automatic AEC detector gain adjustment .......................................................................................... 7
6.2.4 Adjustment of an individual detector.................................................................................................... 8
6.3 Mechanical checks..........................................................................................................................................8
6.3.1 Compression system .................................................................................................................................... 8
6.3.2 C-Arm rotation mechanism ....................................................................................................................... 8
6.3.3 Column and carriage .................................................................................................................................... 8
6.3.4 Compression force check ........................................................................................................................... 9
6.3.5 X-ray field alignment check....................................................................................................................... 9
6.3.6 X-ray field light alignment check ..........................................................................................................10
6.4 Regular maintenance plans.....................................................................................................................10
7 Repair instructions .................................................................................................. 1
7.1 Column repair....................................................................................................................................................1
7.1.1 C-Arm movement friction adjustment.................................................................................................. 1
7.1.2 Preparing the carriage and counterweight........................................................................................ 2
1-ii GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

7.1.3 Replacement of the Z-motor..................................................................................................................... 3
7.1.4 Column cap replacement ........................................................................................................................... 4
7.1.4.1 Column cap replacement, current counterweight cage design.........................................5
7.1.4.2 Column cap replacement, old counterweight cage design..................................................7
7.1.5 Replacement of the counterweight wires........................................................................................... 9
7.1.5.1 Current counterweight cage design................................................................................................9
7.1.5.2 Old counterweight cage design...................................................................................................... 15
7.1.6 Reassembly procedures............................................................................................................................19
7.2 Electrical board and mains transformer locations .......................................................................20
7.2.1 Replacement of Power, Supervisor and Generator Boards ......................................................21
7.2.2 Replacement of the AMD Board ............................................................................................................21
7.2.3 Replacement of Control Panel Board ..................................................................................................21
7.2.4 Replacement of the Compression Board or Compression Display Board.........................22
7.2.5 Replacement of the mains transformer.............................................................................................22
7.3 C-Arm repair....................................................................................................................................................23
7.3.1 Removal and assembly of the Diamond covers ............................................................................23
7.3.2 Installation of the tube head covers ....................................................................................................23
7.3.2.1 Optoswitch check .................................................................................................................................. 23
7.3.2.2 Finger protection sheets..................................................................................................................... 23
7.3.2.3 Installation of the finger protection sheets ............................................................................... 24
7.3.3 Installation of the lower front end of the tube head cover .......................................................25
7.3.3.1 Installation of the rear end of the tube head cover............................................................... 25
7.3.3.2 Attaching top tube head cover ....................................................................................................... 27
7.3.4 Left side cover ................................................................................................................................................28
7.3.5 Right clam shell cover.................................................................................................................................29
7.3.6 Replacement of handles............................................................................................................................30
7.3.7 Replacement of the vertical drive control switch..........................................................................31
7.3.8 Replacement of the x-ray tube ..............................................................................................................31
7.3.9 High voltage unit replacement...............................................................................................................32
7.3.10 Compression system replacement ......................................................................................................33
7.3.11 Replacement of the compression motor...........................................................................................35
7.3.12 Adjustment of the compression mechanism belt .........................................................................40
7.3.13 Adjustment of the mechanical compression limit.........................................................................41
7.3.14 Replacement of the C-Arm motor.........................................................................................................42
7.3.15 Replacement of ECS mechanism/ECS motor ..................................................................................43
7.4 Other adjustments or replacements....................................................................................................45
7.4.1 X-ray field adjustment................................................................................................................................45
7.4.2 X-ray field light alignment ........................................................................................................................47
7.4.3 Replacement of the light field bulb ......................................................................................................48
7.4.4 Tube head movement and torque adjustment ..............................................................................49
7.4.5 Tube head belt check..................................................................................................................................49
7.4.6 Grid alignment................................................................................................................................................50
7.4.7 Grid movement mechanism check ......................................................................................................52
7.4.8 Replacement of Bucky carbon fiber ....................................................................................................54
7.4.9 Replacement of c-arm membrane buttons .....................................................................................54
7.5 Compression adjustment..........................................................................................................................55
7.6 Negative compression force calibration............................................................................................56
8 Error tracing.............................................................................................................. 1
8.1 Information for the service error tracing..............................................................................................1
8.2 Diamond error codes .....................................................................................................................................1
8.2.1 0002 Program check sum error............................................................................................................... 2
8.2.2 0003 Program check sum error............................................................................................................... 2
8.2.3 0011 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 2
8.2.4 0012 Tube Park safety clutch active ..................................................................................................... 2
8.2.5 0013 Tube movement .................................................................................................................................. 3
86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 1-iii

8.2.6 0014 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
8.2.7 0015 Collimator plate movement ........................................................................................................... 4
8.2.8 0022 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4
8.2.9 0023 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5
8.2.10 0024 Compression force measurement .............................................................................................. 5
8.2.11 0027 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5
8.2.12 0029 Underflow in Auto Time or Auto kV-mode .............................................................................. 6
8.2.13 0033 Cassette tray movement................................................................................................................. 6
8.2.14 0034 Cassette................................................................................................................................................... 7
8.2.15 0035 Cassette opto........................................................................................................................................ 7
8.2.16 0037 ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8
8.2.17 0038 Cassette holder .................................................................................................................................... 8
8.2.18 0041 Stereo not in center position ......................................................................................................... 9
8.2.19 0043 Vertical movement motor back up time reached ............................................................... 9
8.2.20 0045 ECS motor back up time reached .............................................................................................10
8.2.21 0048 ....................................................................................................................................................................10
8.2.22 0051 ....................................................................................................................................................................10
8.2.23 0053 ....................................................................................................................................................................10
8.2.24 0054 ....................................................................................................................................................................11
8.2.25 0055 ....................................................................................................................................................................11
8.2.26 0057 Missing mA ...........................................................................................................................................11
8.2.27 0058 ....................................................................................................................................................................12
8.2.28 0059 ....................................................................................................................................................................12
8.2.29 0060 ....................................................................................................................................................................13
8.2.30 0062 Missing kV .............................................................................................................................................13
8.2.31 0063 ....................................................................................................................................................................14
8.2.32 0064 Missing cassette ................................................................................................................................14
8.2.33 0065 Excessive exposure time ...............................................................................................................15
8.2.34 0066 Movement not allowed ..................................................................................................................15
8.2.35 0067 Diamond not ready for exposure..............................................................................................16
8.2.36 0068 ....................................................................................................................................................................16
8.2.37 0069 ....................................................................................................................................................................17
8.2.38 0070 ....................................................................................................................................................................17
8.2.39 0071 ....................................................................................................................................................................17
8.2.40 0072 Side collimator....................................................................................................................................18
8.2.41 0074 AEC bus error ......................................................................................................................................18
8.2.42 0075 Communication problem ..............................................................................................................19
8.2.43 0076 ....................................................................................................................................................................19
8.2.44 0077 ....................................................................................................................................................................20
8.2.45 0078 ....................................................................................................................................................................20
8.2.46 0080 ....................................................................................................................................................................20
8.2.47 0081 ....................................................................................................................................................................21
8.2.48 0082 ....................................................................................................................................................................21
8.2.49 0084 ....................................................................................................................................................................21
8.2.50 0087 ....................................................................................................................................................................21
8.2.51 0089 C-Arm center limit not found.......................................................................................................22
8.2.52 0090 ....................................................................................................................................................................22
8.2.53 0091 Z-movement disabled in Specimen mode ............................................................................23
8.3 No power indications/Board LEDs ........................................................................................................23
8.4 AEC inoperative..............................................................................................................................................23
8.5 Supply voltages .............................................................................................................................................23
8.6 Grid line check items ...................................................................................................................................23
8.7 ECS trouble shooting ...................................................................................................................................24
8.8 Serial bus communications check........................................................................................................25
8.9 Notes on software upgrading.................................................................................................................25
1-iv GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

8.10 Questions & Answers ..................................................................................................................................26
8.11 FAQ - Frequently asked questions........................................................................................................26
8.11.1 Common questions......................................................................................................................................26
8.11.2 Customer questions.....................................................................................................................................28
8.11.3 Installation/service questions .................................................................................................................29
8.11.4 Installation/service questions/error messages ..............................................................................31
9 Specifications............................................................................................................ 1
9.1 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) tables .......................................................................................8
10 Schematics/Layouts................................................................................................ 1
11 Cable drawings......................................................................................................... 1
12 Appendices ................................................................................................................ 1
12.1 Parameter programming with Control Panel.....................................................................................1
12.2 Loading software with old Flash Loader...............................................................................................2
12.3 Diamond test displays...................................................................................................................................5
86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 1-v

1-vi GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2
4 Parameter programming and software load
4 Parameter programming and software

load
4.1 OVERVIEW/FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
Main Diamond operation modes are Auto kV, Auto Time and Manual
mode. In Auto-kV mode, Diamond determines the required amount of kV.
In Auto Time mode, Diamond determines the required exposure time. In
Manual mode, the user sets up all the required values for the examination.
Many programmable parameters that affect these modes can be set and
adjusted in Diamond service mode. Generation of radiation may be
switched off during the service work. This enables the service technician
to make test exposures to verify the correct voltages on various boards.
Refer to Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-IMG) for instructions to
disable the emission of X-rays (for example at exhibition).
NOTE!
Diamond tube head assembly incorporates a heat integrator that cooling
time of 5 to 55 sec. between exposure is implemented also in the service
mode as in the normal mode. This will protect the unit from being
overloaded during testing.
This manual has been divided into separate software, mechanical,

service, maintenance and troubleshooting sections. Schematics, layouts
and cables have been placed at the end of this manual.
Software section helps to calibrate and to set up correct parameters for

the user or change the existing ones. The mechanical section explains
about tests and other mechanical issues not covered in software and
electronics section. The electronics section explains about the operation
of the Printed Circuit Boards (PCB), various connections and
measurements. The maintenance section covers the regular maintenance
procedures. The troubleshooting sections include error codes and
solutions to some problems that might come about.
Diamond buttons are described in Diamond Operation Instructions

(86500-IMG).
4.2 SERVICE MODE OVERVIEW

Service programs contain special programs for system setups, calibration
and diagnostics. These are accessed and adjusted best with optional
Diamond Service Software (87502-IMG). Especially AEC setup is smooth as
the Diamond Service Software displays the AEC curves and effects of the
changes on the curves. The use of this smooth software is highly
recommended. In case a conventional method must be used for some
reason, the appendices contain instructions on parameter setup with the
Control Panel and software upload.

Diamond service mode interface has been divided into several topic
groups in which the system setting and parameters can be changed:
A: System setup B: Defaults C: Diagnostics

D: AEC E: C-Arm Rotation F: Collimator
G: Compression H: Filter I: Generator
J: Tube Park K: Stereo Movement L: Physicist mode
For graphic description of the Diamond software functions, software

default settings and ranges, refer to Diamond Installation Instructions
(86501-IMG), Appendix section, Software block diagrams and Factory
default settings.
Some features listed and with dark shade in the tables are not used at the
moment.
Sample
Parameter Range (Default) Notes
Sample parameter 12345 This parameter is in
use.
Sample parameter 2 12345 Not in use at the
moment.
4.2.1 A: System setup
This service program is used to set and adjust system and

communication parameters. Perform required changes in both groups:
System Parameters - PrA01

Serial no. 12345 Serial number of the
unit
Country code 123 NOT USED at the
moment.
Efficiency Mo 0 - 200 (16) at 28 kV R/100mAs
Efficiency Rh 0 - 200 (12) at 28 kV R/100mAs
Efficiency Al 0 - 1000 (35) at 39 kV R/100mAs
HVL Mo 0 - 60 (0.33) at 28 kV mmAl value
HVL Rh 0 - 60 (0.38) at 28 kV mmAl value
HVL Al 0 - 60 (0.47) at 39 kV mmAl value

Communication Setup - PrA02, NOT USED at the moment.

Serial no. 12345 Serial number of the
unit
Label out None/Com1/Com2/LPT Prints out the patient
(None) data labels for films (ID
camera). Not in use at
the moment.
Label type 1 to 3 (2) The number of rows.
Not in use at the
moment.
Data out None/Com1/Com2/LPT The port that sends out
(None) the exposure data.
Com1 19200 (permanent The speed for Com1
setting) port. Used in software
updates and
diagnostics.
Com2 1200 (permanent The speed for Com2
setting) port. Used by ID II film
flasher.
4.2.2 B: Defaults
This service program is used to set and adjust default parameters.

Perform required changes in all groups:
Start Up mode settings - PrB01

PreProg1-4 1/2/3/4 (1) The default mode Diamond uses
after it has been the switched on.
AutoRelease On/Off (On) If ON, Diamond releases the
compression after an exposure. If
OFF, the compression remains after
the exposure.
Auto Tube Park On/Off (Off) If ON, the tube head slides back
after an exposure. If OFF, the tube
head remains in the front after the
exposure. NOT USED!

Bucky settings - PrB02 - NOT USED at the moment.

Mode Auto kV/ Auto kV: Diamond determines the
Auto Time/ required kV and exposure time for
Manual the exposure.
(Auto kV) Auto Time: Diamond determines the
required exposure time.
Manual: All values are manually set.
Default filter Mo/Rh/Al (Mo) Default filter that Diamond will use
unless otherwise instructed in other
settings.
Auto Dose On/Off (Off) If ON, Diamond determines the
NOT USED at the Patient Dose. If OFF, the amount of
moment. patient dose depends on other
setting factors. NOT USED!
AutoPoint On/Off (On) If ON, Diamond determines the
correct detector to be used. If OFF,
the user has to choose the correct
detector (under the densest part of
the breast).
Default detector 0 to 8 (1) Default detector that Diamond uses
settings.
Default kV 23 to 35 (28) Default kV in Auto Time-mode for
Auto Time Molybdenum filter that Diamond
Mo uses unless otherwise instructed in
other settings.
Auto Time Rhodium filter that Diamond uses
Rh unless otherwise instructed in other
settings.
Default kV 23 to 35 (28) Default kV in Manual mode with
Manual Molybdenum filter that Diamond
other settings.
Manual Rhodium filter that Diamond uses
settings.
Default mAs 0 - 33 (5) Default mAs value in Manual mode
that Diamond uses unless
otherwise instructed in other
settings.

Magnification settings - PrB03 - NOT USED at the moment.

settings.
the breast).
settings.
other settings.
settings.
other settings.
settings.
Default mAs 0 - 33 (5) Default mAs value in Manual mode
settings.

Contact settings - PrB04 - NOT USED at the moment.

settings.
the breast).
settings.
other settings.
settings.
other settings.
settings.
Default mAs 0 - 33 Default mAs value in Manual mode
settings.

QA Mode settings - PrB05

QA-mode None/ None = IQC (Integrated Quality
Exp (Exp) Control) OFF
Exp = IQC ON
Default kV 23 to 35 (28) The kV used in IQC/Exposure mode.
Default Filter Mo/Rh/QA (Mo) The filter used in IQC/Exposure
mode.
Preprog1-4 settings - PrB06-9

Density -7 to +7 (0)
Density correction for each pre-
programmable cassette holder/
filter combination. One step
corresponds to 10% change in
exposure time.
Target Time 1/2 (1) The selection of the target time
curve that Diamond interpolates to
attain the required target time.
Auto kV -3 to +3 (0) The extent the kV is allowed to
Initial kV change during exposure from the
initial kV setting (which is
determined by the compression
thickness). Applied change affects
the whole initial kV table.
Menu Text PROGR 1/2/3/4 A PreProg mode can be customized
PreProg1 with 8 characters available at
maximum.
kV Change Limit 0 to 5 (3) The limit how much Diamond can
automatically change kV from the
initial kV after the exposure has
started. Often set at 3.
AutoPnt 0.50 - 1.00 (1.00) PreProg specific AutoPoint
Coefficient coefficient. Refer to chapter 4.2.4, D:
AEC for more coefficient
information.
4.2.3 C: Diagnostics - NOT USED
The service program C: Diagnostics is not used at the moment.

4.2.4 D: AEC
This service program is used to set and adjust AEC default parameters.
NOTE!
Prior to any AEC work and testing, set target times and make sure that kVs
are OK.
In service program D:AEC/Target times (PrD05) the min/max values for

target time and target time limits can be set. The target time is set up by
giving two thicknesses (2cm and 6cm) and the respective desired
exposure times. The target times for other thicknesses are calculated with
linear estimation or are based on the limits set above. The system selects
the kV so that the desired target time can be reached. The maximum
allowable kV-change is more limiting, however, and thus a different
exposure time than the target time may result.
Functional description of AEC full automatic mode
The initial kV is automatically selected based on the compressed breast

thickness. In the beginning of the exposure the first estimation of the
exposure time at initial kV is made by measuring the radiation coming
through the breast. Based on this, the kV is automatically changed up or
down, if necessary, to meet the target time. If the kV is changed, a second
estimation of the exposure time at this kV is made by measuring the
radiation and the kV is automatically changed again, if necessary, to
meet the target time. After the exposure the final kV is displayed.
The Auto kV performance can be optimized and configured according to

the user preferences. The configurable items are the initial kV (initial kV
versus breast thickness table), amount of allowable kV change (Max kV
change in service program D:AEC/Optical Densities (PrD03)) and desired
exposure time range (target time and target time limits).
Thickness compensation adjustment
Diamond uses a thickness compensation method, which compensates for

variations in optical density (O.D) of the film. The rotation point can be
programmed. The amount of rotation and compensation curve slopes
below and above the rotation point can be programmed separately.
Rotation point P
Rotation point is the exposure time where the O.D is adjusted correctly.
Thickness compensation is achieved by altering the exposure time
around this point. Default value is 1.00.
Amount of rotation r1 and r2
Parameters r1 and r2 determine the amount of compensation with

exposure times shorter or longer than the rotation point respectively. r1
determines the amount of compensation at the point where exposure
time is half the rotation point. r2 determines the amount of compensation
at exposure time twice the rotation point.

The values of r1 and r2 can vary from 0.50 to 2.00. If the parameter is 1.30
it means that exposure times are increased by 30%. If the parameter is
0.80 it means that the exposure times are decreased by 20% etc. Default
values are 1.0 for both.
Compensation curve slope parameters S1 and S2
Parameters S1 and S2 determine the curve slope for exposure times

shorter or longer than the rotation point respectively. S1 determines the
slope at the point where exposure time is lower than the rotation point. S2
determines the amount of compensation at exposure time higher than
the rotation point. Refer to the curves below for effects of the S
parameters. The rotation point is 1.0 seconds and the amount of rotation
(r1 and r2) is 0.8, 0.9, 1.1 or 1.2 (= 80%, 90%, 110%, 120%). Default values
are 2500 for both.
S=0
1.4 1.4
S=0
S = 7000
1.3 1.3
r1 = 1.2
1.2 1.2
S = 7000 r1 = 1.1
1.1 1.1
P = 1.0sec P = 1.0sec
1 1
0.9 0.9
S = 7000
r1 = 0.9
0.8 0.8
r1 = 0.8
0.7 0.7
S=0 S = 7000 S=0
0.6 0.6
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
Exposure time / sec. Exposure time / sec.
Fig 4.1. Effect of parameter S1
1.4 1.4 S = 7000
S = 7000
S = 6000
1.3 S = 5000 1.3 S=0
S = 3500 r2 = 1.2
S = 2000
1.2 S = 1000 1.2
r2 = 1.1 S = 500
1.1 S=0 1.1
P = 1.0sec P = 1.0sec
1 1
0.9 0.9
r2 = 0.9 S=0
S = 500
0.8 S = 1000 0.8
S = 2000
S = 3500 r2 = 0.8 S=0
0.7 S = 5000 0.7
S = 6000
0.6
S = 7000 S = 7000
0.6
1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Exposure time / sec. Exposure time / sec.
Fig 4.2. Effect of parameter S2
AutoPoint
AutoPoint feature to select the most appropriate detector(s) and calculate

exposure time is useful in following cases:
– consistent selection of the detector based on actual breast

density, not on visual appearance
– more homogeneous optical densities all over breast image are
generated
– when small breasts are examined
– to compensate for very dense (e.g. muscle) area, if it happens to
lay under the detector selected by Auto Point mode
With software 1.02.1 and up, the AutoPoint-feature uses two detectors (if
so desired). The selection of the detector is adjusted through the Auto

Point Coefficient. Software versions 1.01.3 and older have always used
one detector for this measurement.
NOTE!
If detector selection (AutoPoint coefficient < 1.0) is used to increase
density of less dense sections of the image, it will also increase the
density of the most dense areas of the breast.
Parameter settings
A AutoPoint limit value
The Auto Point limit value can be set in service program PrD01 within
range of 50–2500. As a hardware default, the AutoPoint feature is
enabled. It can be disabled with AutoPoint-button in the Position Control
Center. The indicator light switches off when AutoPoint is disabled.
The limit adjusts the behavior of the unit on selection of the detector. High
values will make the unit less likely to select a detector under pectoral
muscle (near the chest wall edge), but may select a detector too far if the
dense area is located under C1. Low values may cause the unit to select
the detector covered by pectoral muscle. Value of 700 has proved to be a
good compromise, but this may depend on the local practices (exposure
values, positioning, population).
With software 1.02.1, the default Auto Point limit value stands at 700. In
earlier software versions the range for this value was 700-1500. For small
breasts 700 (default) is recommended. If images are too dark when
exposing at medio-lateral projection, a detector under muscle might be in
use (solid ellipses in the image). Increase the AutoPoint limit value.
B AutoPoint Coefficient
The AutoPoint Coefficient for each pre-programmed mode can be set in

service programs PrB06-09 within range of 0.5–1.0.
After Diamond has selected the primary detector, it can be used alone to
determine the required exposure or together with a secondary detector.
The coefficient is a figure that defines what percentage of the
measurement is achieved with the primary detector. Value 1.0
corresponds to 100% use of the primary detector.
Generally a value other than 1.0 (most often 0.7) is recommended only if
users would object to exposing a small dense area of the breast to target
O.D. From software 1.02.1 on, the default AutoPoint Coefficient is 1.0.
Coefficient range Amount measured with Amount measured with

the primary detector the secondary detector
1.0 100% 0%
0.9 90% 10%
0.8 80% 20%
0.7 70% 30%
0.6 60% 40%
0.5 50% 50%

PaddleLogic
Diamond PaddleLogic feature enables adjustment of the collimation and

the available AutoPoint detectors separately for each paddle (image
below for reference). For a small biopsy paddle the collimation (gray
rectangle) can be adjusted to allow the exposure only to the region of
interest: the coordinate system and the volume available for biopsy. Also
the AEC detectors allowed for AutoPoint can be limited in order to block
out detector(s) that is/are completely outside of metal frame of a paddle
of small size. PaddleLogic detector defaults by paddles are listed at the
end of BatteryRAM parameter defaults in the Diamond Installation
Instructions (86501-IMG), Appendix section.
Ask whether the customer wants to collimate according to the paddle or

to cassette/paddle types and set the collimation up as wished.
NOTE!
Diamond software does not allow the use of the detectors that are not
completely within the collimated X-ray field.
Exact collimation
Diamond detects the paddle and the cassette holder in use. The field size
with different paddle/cassette holder combinations can be checked with
the field light.
Paddle related collimation can be adjusted in service programs PrF01 for

rear plates and in service program PrF02 for side plates. Adjust step
values according to paddle size.
NOTE!
If the paddle and the cassette holder suggest different X-ray field sizes,
Diamond will always select the smaller field size.

Detector selection by paddle type
Diamond can select most usable detectors according to the paddle type.
Detectors used with the paddle can be adjusted in service program PrD09,
Paddle Logic. For example certain detectors that are not completely
under spot paddles can be eliminated from use.
Perform required changes in all groups:
AEC Setup - PrD01

Target O.D. 1.00 to 2.00 Adjustable O.D. range.
Target time limit 0.20 to 1.00 Lowest target time, affects service
low program D05.
Target time limit 1.00 to 3.00 Highest target time, affects service
high program D05.
AutoPoint limit 50 to 2500 (700) Refer to chapter 4.2.4, D: AEC.
Low mA limit cm 0-4 Thickness threshold below which
the low mA table is used. Small
breasts might cause too short
exposure times and to overcome
lower mA values can be used below
certain thickness.
AEC gains - PrD02

AEC gain -’g’ 0.5 to 2.0 Basic software gain to obtain the
required optical density. This gain
affects all detectors.
Detector L1 0.7 to 1.30 Detector specific gain factor that
(Det. # 0) Diamond adjusts in relation to
detector C1 performance. Values
Detector L2 0.7 to 1.30
less than 1.0 increase gain and
(Det. #3) produce darker images. Values over
Detector R1 0.7 to 1.30 1.0 decrease gain and produce
(Det. #2) lighter images.
Detector R2 0.7 to 1.30
(Det. #7)
Detector C1 0.7 to 1.30 BENCHMARK DETECTOR. DO NOT
(Det. #1) CHANGE THIS VALUE.
Detector C2 0.7 to 1.30 Detector specific gain factor that

(Det. #6) Diamond adjusts in relation to
detector C1 performance. Values
Detector C3 0.7 to 1.30
less than 1.0 increase gain and
(Det. #5) produce darker images. Values over
Detector C4 0.7 to 1.30 1.0 decrease gain and produce
(Det. #4) lighter images.

4=C4 80%
5=C3 90%
7=
98
L2
%
R2
6=C2 102%
3=
98
0=L1 1=C1 2=R1 97% 100% 97%
The graph above describes how various detectors receive radiation. In

order to equalize them, detector specific factors are used for adjustment.
Detector C1 is used as a benchmark.
Optical Densities - PrD03

Parameter sub-screens Notes
Auto kV Optical density settings for Auto kV.
Auto Time Optical density settings for Auto Time.
Thickness Optical density settings for Thickness
Compensation compensation.
kV Compensation Optical density settings for kV compensation.
Density step Adjustment of density steps.

Optical Densities/Auto kV sub-screen - PrD03

Auto kV Bucky Adjustment when using the Bucky.
Mo -7.0 to +7.0 (0) Increases or decreases the optical
density of the image at all kV
Rh -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
values. A density step here is 50%
Al -7.0 to +7.0 (0) (10% from sw. 1.02.6 and up) of the
regular step available to the user.
Auto kV Adjustment for the use of Magnification tunnel.
Magnification
Mo -7.0 to +7.0 (0) Increases or decreases the optical
density of the image at all kV
Rh -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
values. A density step here is 50%
Al -7.0 to +7.0 (0) (10% from sw. 1.02.6 and up) of the
regular step available to the user.
Auto kV Contact Adjustment using the Contact tunnel. NOT USED!
Mo -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
Rh -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
Al -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
Optical Densities/Auto Time sub-screen - PrD03

Auto Time Bucky Adjustment when using the Bucky.
Mo -7.0 to +7.0 (0) Increases or decreases the overall
optical density of the image. A
Rh -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
density step here is 50% (10% from
Al -7.0 to +7.0 (0) sw. 1.02.6 and up) of the regular
step available to the user.
Auto Time Adjustment when using the Magnification tunnel.
Magnification
Mo -7.0 to +7.0 (0) Increases or decreases the overall
optical density of the image. A
Rh -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
density step here is 50% (10% from
Al -7.0 to +7.0 (0) sw. 1.02.6 and up) of the regular
step available to the user.
Auto Time Adjustment when using the Contact. NOT USED!
Contact
Mo -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
Rh -7.0 to +7.0 (0)
Al -7.0 to +7.0 (0)

Optical Densities/Thickness Compensation sub-screen - PrD03

These parameters have separate settings for both Molybdenum and
Rhodium filters.
Bucky Adjustment when using the Bucky.
‘P’ 0.30 - 2.00 (1) Rotation point of compensation
curve (Exposure time in seconds
where required optical density was
received).
‘r1’ 0.50 - 2.00 (1) Compensation factor for exposure
times shorter than P.
times longer than P.
‘S1’ 0 - 7000 (2500) Compensation parameter for very
short exposure times (fine-tuning).
long exposure times (fine-tuning).
Magnification Adjustment when using the
Magnification tunnel.
‘P’ 0.30 - 2.00 (1) Rotation point of compensation
received).
times shorter than P.
times longer than P.
Contact Adjustment when using the
Contact. NOT USED!
‘P’ 0.30 - 2.00 Rotation point of compensation
received). NOT USED!
‘r1’ 0.50 - 2.00 Compensation factor for exposure
times shorter than P. NOT USED!
‘r2’ 0.50 - 2.00 Compensation factor for exposure
times longer than P. NOT USED!
‘S1’ 0 - 7000 Compensation parameter for very
NOT USED!
‘S2’ 0 - 7000 Compensation parameter for very
NOT USED!

Optical Densities/kV Compensation sub-screen - PrD03

kV Adjustment for each kV with Bucky.
Compensation kV range for Mo and Rh: 20-35.
Bucky kV range for Al: 36-39.
Mo 0.70 - 1.30 (1.00) If image at certain kV is too light or
dark, adjust this kV-specific value.
Rh 0.70 - 1.30 (1.00)
Al 0.70 - 1.30 (1.00)
kV Adjustment for each kV with Magnification. kV range
Compensation 20-35.
Magnification
Mo 0.70 - 1.30 (1.00) If image at certain kV is too light or
dark, adjust this kV-specific value.
Rh 0.70 - 1.30 (1.00)
Al 0.70 - 1.30 (1.00)
kV Adjustment for each kV with Contact. kV range 20-35.
Compensation NOT USED!
Contact
Mo 0.70 - 1.30
Rh 0.70 - 1.30
Al 0.70 - 1.30
Optical Densities/Density step - PrD03

Density step % 5 - 20% (10) Adjusts the extent of change for
Den- or Den + buttons.
Optical Densities/Detector Compensation sub-screen - PrD04 - NOT

USED at the moment
Detectors 1-8 0.5 - 2.0 (1) Adjustment of the individual
detector signal output level. Values
below 1 amplify the signal and
value over 1 diminish it

Target Times programming/Target Time 1 sub-screen - PrD05

Target Time T1 Settings for Target Time 1 curve
Bucky Bucky settings specified
Mo Molybdenum filter settings specified
Thickness 1 2.0 cm Thickness at curve point 1
Target 1 0.2 - 1.0 sec Target time at curve point 1
Rh Rhodium filter settings specified
Magnification Magnification settings specified
Contact Contact settings specified NOT USED!

Target Times programming/Target Time 2 sub-screen - PrD05

Target Time T2 Settings for Target Time 2 curve
Bucky Bucky settings specified
Magnification Magnification settings specified
Contact Contact settings specified NOT USED!

Initial kV tables - PrD06

Parameter Range Notes
(Default)
kV values for
Bucky Mo
Thickness range 0.5 - 10 cm Scroll through thicknesses and
(at 0.5 cm intervals) change initial kV values for each
thickness.
Adjustment range 23-35 kV
(25 -30)
kV values for
Bucky Rh
thickness.
(25 -30)
kV values for
Magnification Mo
thickness.
(25 -30)
kV values for
Magnification Rh
thickness.
(25 -30)
QA Coefficient history - PrD07

Parameter Value Notes
QA coeff# Value of the past QA coefficient.
Detector Adjustment - PrD08

New gains based No/Yes Adjusts the gains for individual
on recent detectors in relation to the C1
exposure. detector being 1.0.

PaddleLogic - subscreen PrD09

Select paddle, press Accept, then detector parameters are listed.
DetectorL1 On/Off Enabled (On)/Disabled (Off) with the
selected paddle.
DetectorC1 On/Off
DetectorR1 On/Off
DetectorL2 On/Off
DetectorC4 On/Off
DetectorC3 On/Off
DetectorC2 On/Off
DetectorR2 On/Off
4.2.5 E: C-Arm Rotation
This service program is used to set and adjust C-Arm rotation default
parameters. Perform required calibration and changes in all groups:
Angle Calibration - PrE01

Parameter Notes
180°-calibration Calibration of the c-arm angle.
1 Drive the C-Arm manually to 180°-angle (upside down, real angles)

with manual rotation keys.
2 Press Accept-key.
3 The C-Arm drives to 0°-calibration.
If the calibration is successfully performed, the LCD screen then indicates

‘Pass’. In case the calibration was not successful, the LCD screen then
indicates ‘Fail’.
1 Repeat the calibration procedure.

2 If the calibration still was not successful, drive the c-arm to from 180°
to 0° and then to 180° on the other side. When c-arm passes the 0° it
helps to calibrate.
Rotation speed - PrE02

Offset 0 - 3 (0) C-Arm rotation speed can increased
(affects all values in C-Arm speed
table). Use value 3 for units with S/N
20116 and up. Note that the
rotation speed slows down during
approach to target angle.
Value 0 is recommended for
Diamond units S/N 20000 - 20115
with faster C-Arm transmission (if
still the original factory installation).

Projections - PrE03
Oblique 0- 359° Angle setting for the left OBL button.
( 225 software If set at 135°, it operates as in
degrees, at 0° the image A. If set at 225°, it operates
tube is upside as in image B. The right OBL drives
down) to mirror angle.
Lateral 0 - 359° (270 Angle setting for the left LAT button.
software The right LAT drives to mirror angle.
degrees)
Mirror angle On/Off (On) When an exposure is made at 15-
75° C-Arm protection angle,
Diamond software stores the angle
for a certain period of time. If the
opposite OBL-button is pressed
during this period, Diamond drives
the C-Arm past the CC-position to
an equivalent to an equivalent
angle on the opposite side of the
unit.
If the OBL-button is pressed second

time, the C-Arm runs to the
programmed angle (default 45°).
The mirror angle will remain in

memory until predetermined time
has elapsed (default 60 seconds) or
an new exposure is made (at 15-
75°).
Mirror angle timeout adjustment
If the timeout should be changed from 60 (default) to 90 seconds, type in

at HyperTerminal command prompt: bram 0x40832 90
Check the current timeout value with bram 0x40832
NOTE!
The mirror angle feature works only when the obliques are done one after
the other. If any views are done between the two obliques the system
reverts to its default value.
NOTE!
This automatic drive to pre-defined angle is not allowed if the
compression arm is not at the upper microswitch.

Auto Drive - PrE04

Automatic drive On/Off/Pdl_up If On is selected, CC, OBL or LAT-
(On) keys and the c-arm will move to the
required angle. If Off is selected, the
key must be pressed on until the
required angle is reached. If Pdl_up
is selected, then the AutoDrive
operates only after the the
compression arm has been driven
to home position (upper
microswitch).
After insertion of a paddle, Diamond checks the encoding for the paddle
and the C-Arm autodrive setting in bram. The Autodrive is enabled or
disabled according to the inserted paddle.
NOTE!
C-Arm AutoDrive-feature is disabled if no paddle has been attached to
Diamond. Connect paddle before driving the C-Arm. Remind also the
customer about this feature.

4.2.6 F: Collimator
This service program is used to set and adjust collimator default

Rear Plates - PrF01

Front plate 0 - 50000 (39002) The number of steps that the motor
moves the plate. A 200-step change
equals to about 1mm change on
the film. Adjust using 1-step interval.
Bucky 18x24 0 - 50000 (9500)
Bucky 24x30 0 - 50000 (1000)
Magnification 0 - 50000 (9500)
1.6
Unknown 0 - 50000 (10000) NOT USED!
Contact 18x24 0 - 50000 (9500) NOT USED!
1.8
Spot 0 - 50000 (9500)
Magnification
1.6
Stereo digital 0 - 50000 (27000)
Stereo film 0 - 50000 (10000)
2.0
reserved 0 - 50000 (10000) Additional plate may be added.
Rear Plates - PrF01

No paddle 0 - 50000 (500)
Stand small 0 - 50000 (1000)
Stand large 0 - 50000 (1000)
Mag spot 0 - 50000 (10550)
Stand Mag 0 - 50000 (9500)
Implant 0 - 50000 (19600)
Mag Implant 0 - 50000 (8700)
Delta32 0 - 50000 (25000)

Rear Plates - PrF01

Spot 0 - 50000 (23750)
Mag spt enh 0 - 50000 (7450)
Biopsy D 0 - 50000 (9500)
Biopsy SQ 0 - 50000 (5750)
Spot enhanc 0 - 50000 (16850)
Biopsy spot 0 - 50000 (10550)
Reserved14 0 - 50000 (500)
Reserved15 0 - 50000 (500)
Side Plates - PrF02

Front plate 0 - 50000 (0) NOT USED.
Bucky 18x24 0 - 50000 (4800) The number of steps that the motor
moves the plate. A 200-step change
equals to about 1mm change on
the film. Adjust using 1-step interval.
If the value is too big, motor back up
time is exceeded and an error
message is displayed.
Bucky 24x30 0 - 50000 (300)
Magnification 0 - 50000 (4800) These values should be the same in
1.6 order for collimator not to start
driving to home position.
Unknown 0 - 50000 (4100)
Spot Magnifi- 0 - 50000 (4800)
cation 1.6
Stereo digital 0 - 50000 (17500)
Stereo film 0 - 50000 (4100)

Side Plates - PrF02

No paddle 0 - 50000 (100)
Stand small 0 - 50000 (300)
Stand large 0 - 50000 (300)
Mag spot 0 - 50000 (5950)
Stand Mag 0 - 50000 (4800)
Implant 0 - 50000 (3450)
Mag Implant 0 - 50000 (1500)
Delta32 0 - 50000 (15000)
Spot 0 - 50000 (13450)
Mag spt enh 0 - 50000 (5300)
Biopsy D 0 - 50000 (4800)
Biopsy SQ 0 - 50000 (10600) Additional plate may be added.
Spot enhanc 0 - 50000 (12000) Additional plate may be added.
Biopsy spot 0 - 50000 (5950) Additional plate may be added.
Reserved14 0 - 50000 (500) Additional plate may be added.
Reserved15 0 - 50000 (500) Additional plate may be added.
Collimator Light - PrF03

Intensity 0 - 10 (7) Adjustment of the light intensity
Time normal 20 - 60 sec (40) Time that the lamp is lighted up
during a normal procedure.
Time 20 - 90 sec (80) Time that the lamp is lighted up
Stereo/Biopsy during a Stereo/Biopsy procedure.

4.2.7 G: Compression
This service program is used to set and adjust compression default

Compression Setup - PrG01

Slow speed 2 - 7 (4) Slow compression arm speed. Do
not use higher values than 5. If the
speed exceeds 5, the
synchronization with ECS
movement may be disturbed.
High speed 2 - 7 (6) High compression arm speed.
Release speed 1 - 7 (5) The speed at which Diamond
release the compression arm in the
event of an emergency or a power
loss.
AutoRelease 0 - 20 cm (15) The distance the Auto Release
travel function moves the compression
moves after an exposure.
Speed Threshold 0 - 150N (50) The compression force at which the
compression arm starts to run at
slow speed.

Paddle Calibration - PrG02

Base point -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0) Base point adjustment that affects
all paddles.
Standard small -9.5 ... +9.5 (-0.5) Compensation for paddle flexibility.
Check for country-specific
Standard large -9.5 ... +9.5 (-0.5)
requirements.
Magnification -9.5 ... +9.5 (-4.0)
spot
Standard -9.5 ... +9.5 (-4.0)
magnification
Implant -9.5 ... +9.5 (-7.0)
Magnification -9.5 ... +9.5 (-9.0)
implant
Delta 32 -9.5 ... +9.5 (-3.5)
Spot -9.5 ... +9.5 (-0.5)
Mag spot -9.5 ... +9.5 (-9.0)
enhanced
Biopsy D -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Biopsy SQ -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Spot enhanced -9.5 ... +9.5 (-5.0)
Biopsy Spot -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Reserved14 -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Reserved15 -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)

Cassette Holder Calibration - PrG03

No holder -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0) Base point adjustment that affects
all holders.
Bucky 18x24 -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0) Adjustment for an individual
cassette holder.
Bucky 24x30 -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Magnification -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
1.6
Unknown -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Contact 18x24 -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0) NOT USED!
Contact 24x30 -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0) NOT USED!
Mag 1.8 -9.5 ... +9.5 (-4.5) Adjustment for an individual
cassette holder.
Spot -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Magnification
1.6
Stereo digital -9.5 ... +9.5 (-6.0)
Stereo film -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Magnification -9.5 ... +9.5 (-8.0)
2.0
reserved -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
reserved -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
reserved -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
reserved -9.5 ... +9.5 (0.0)
Compression Force Calibration - PrG04

Force to 0 N 0N Apply 0N force and accept.
Force to 200 N 200 N Apply 200 N with a calibrated
device and accept if the screen
displays correct figure.

Compression Force Limits - PrG05

Mode 0/1 (0) 0=Compression cannot be
increased with the foot pedal.
1=Compression can be increased
with the foot pedal until the
maximum limit.
Position 1 0 - 255 N (70) Compression force stops when this
limit is reached.
Position 2 0 - 255 N (90)
Position 3 0 - 255 N (110)
Position 4 0 - 255 N (130)
Position 5 0 - 255 N (150)
Position 6 0 - 255 N (170)
Negative Compression Force Calibration/Up force limit - PrG06

Apply weight Apply force and accept.
Adjust force 0 - 10 Adjust for negative compression
force required for the stop reaction.
In case the compression paddle is

driven upwards and something above
or on compression paddle hinders its
movement, negative compression
force affects the paddle and it bends
down.
Chapter 7.6, Negative compression

force calibration, contains
instructions for negative compression
force calibration.
4.2.8 H: Filter
This service program is used to set and adjust filter default parameters.
Perform required calibration and changes in all groups:
Auto Filter Setup - PrH01

Change 1 - 15 cm (5) Above the range, the Rhodium is
thickness used. Below the range, the
Molybdenum filter is used.
AutoFilter On/Off (Off) Automatic Filter selection. AutoFilter
is always disabled when Delta 32 is
attached.

Filter calibration - PrH02

Molybdenum 0 - 20000 (1950) The number of steps (from home
position) applied for this filter
Rhodium 0 - 20000 (150)
selection. A four-step change
Aluminum 0 - 20000 (3150) moves the filter about 1,3 mm.
Adjust using 4-step intervals
(4,8,12...). Calibrate the filter from
the front edge of the collimator
using small focus (magnification
tunnel).
4.2.9 I: Generator
This service program is used to set and adjust generator default

Generator Setup - PrI01, NOT USED at the moment

Anode Brake On/Off Anode brake operation regulation.
PreHeat adjustment - large focus (LF) -- PrI02,

NOT USED at the moment.
1 Press Exposure button to start automatic PreHeat calibration for
large focus.
2 If the new PreHeat value is valid and the LCD screen displays ‘Pass’,
Diamond returns to the Generator screen.
3 If the calibration was not successful, Diamond returns to the
calibration screen.
PreHeat adjustment - small focus (SF) - PrI03,

NOT USED at the moment.
1 Press Exposure button to start automatic PreHeat calibration for
large focus.
2 If the new PreHeat value is valid and the LCD screen displays ‘Pass’,
Diamond returns to the Generator screen.
3 If the calibration was not successful, Diamond returns to the
calibration screen.

PreHeat Compensation - large focus (LF) - PrI04

PreHeat LF -5...5 (2) Large focus preheat adjustment
that affects all kVs.
LF 15 - 39 20 - 235 (48-57) Large focus preheat adjustment for
each kV. Typical voltage steps are
54-56.
PreHeat Compensation - large focus (LF) - PrI04 WITH LOW MA!

PreHeat LF -5...5 (0) Large focus preheat adjustment
LF 15 - 39 20 - 235 (47-52) Large focus preheat adjustment for
each kV when low mA values are
used. Adjust these if low mA values
are used.
PreHeat Compensation - small focus (LF) - PrI05

PreHeat SF -5...5 (1) Small focus preheat adjustment
SF 15 - 39 20- 235 (48-50) Small focus preheat adjustment for
each kV.
4.2.10 J: ParkBack
This service program is used to set and adjust tube park default
Tube speeds tube movement - PrJ01 NOT USED!

Slow speed 1 - 5 (2) Slow speed adjustment for the
moving tube head.
Fast speed 1 - 5 (2) Fast speed adjustment for the
moving tube head.

Auto Drive - PrJ02

Exp drive On/Off (On) When enabled, the tube head
moves forwards and the collimation
field light activates after the
exposure is initiated. If the exposure
button is released prematurely, the
exposure is discontinued.
Automatic drive is disabled when
Delta 32 or biopsy paddles are
attached to Diamond.
AutoPark On/Off (Off) When enabled, the tube head
moves backward after the exposure
if the projection angle is more than
15°. The automatic drive is disabled
if the projection angle is less than
15°, or if a biopsy paddle is
attached, or if no paddle is
attached.
In order to tighten the drive belt, the tube head motor drives a bit further
after reaching the front position.
4.2.11 K: Stereo Movement
This service program is used to set and adjust stereo movement default
Stereo Movement Setup - PrK01

Low speed limit 1 - 4 (2) Low speed adjustment.
High speed 4 - 7 (5) High speed adjustment.
Speed offset -2 ... +2 (0) Power boost for c-arm. Do not
change before consulting with the
manufacturer.
Braking speed 2 - 4 (3) Slow down speed when required is
being approached. Do not change
before consulting with the
manufacturer.
Ramp in 10ms 5 - 50 (25) Acceleration of ramp speed. Do not
change before consulting with the
manufacturer.
Stereo Movement Setup - PrK02

Auto drive On / Off If the function is selected (On), one
press is enough to drive to the
stereo angle. If it is not selected
(Off), the stereo drive buttons have
to be pressed down all the time until
the stereo angle is reached.

Calibration of the stereo movement

1800-angle
1 Enter Service Mode to drive the stereo movement.
Column
1800-150 1800+150 2 Type in command CAL 1650 in HyperTerminal® program. Diamond
=1650 =1950 replies XOK. Stereo angle is reported as absolute 1/10 degrees. 0-
point lies in the base plate being 90° in the left (front view). Left stereo
angle is calculated as follows: 1800-150=1650.
α15° α15° 3 Drive the stereo all the way to the other limit without interruptions
in movement and type in command CAL 1950 (1800+150=1950).
4 Diamond replies XOK and beeps three times. The calibration is
90° complete.
Stereo movement angles
5 If Diamond replies XNO when you type the value in the
(front view)
HyperTerminal®, it likely does not recognize the opto.
4.2.12 L: Physicist mode
The Physicist mode allows the testing of various settings and collimation
combinations. The Physicist mode collimation does not override the
actual holder. For example, if you have connected a small Bucky and
selected large Bucky and paddle in the Physicist-service program, the
collimation is the one defined for small Bucky.
Collimation works the same way as in PaddleLogic, a smaller field

overrides a larger one. Please note that the collimation settings in
Physicist mode are very useful to check adjustment of X-ray and light
fields.
NOTE!
All Physicist mode settings are restored to default when you exit the
service mode.
Perform required calibration and changes in all groups:
Physicist mode - PrL01

System is default for all.
Grid Off/System Disable/Enable grid movement for
mAs testing. Grid disable also with
Magnification.
Focus Large/Small/ Focus size selection. When small
System focus size is used, collimator drives
the front plate to front position and
with large to back position.
Paddle Any paddle/ Paddle selection. When System is
System enabled, Diamond collimates
according to a selected paddle. The
collimation can be checked with the
field light or with a film exposure.
PaddleLogic detectors are selected
based on physicist’s paddle choice.

Physicist mode - PrL01

Holder Any holder/ Cassette holder selection. When
System System is enabled, Diamond
collimates according to a selected
cassette holder. The collimation can
be checked with the field light or
with a film exposure. If no cassette
holder has been attached to
Diamond, the collimator plates are
driven totally open.
kV limit Off/System Disable/enable kV limit. If the limit is
disabled and manual mode
selected, any kV in the range 15 to
39 can be used.
4.2.13 General software update information

4.2.13.1 Upgrade from 1.02.2 - 1.02.4 to 1.02.5
1 Prior to software upgrade from 1.02.2 - 1.02.4 to 1.02.5, check in the
service program PrB06-09, B: Defaults/PreProg Mode Settings for the
AutoPoint coefficient and record the values. Then upgrade the
software and replace the AutoPoint coefficient values with the old
ones.
2 If QA-mode is used, check service program PrD07, QA-coefficient
history that all coefficients are zero. If they are not, press Set and
Cancel simultaneously to reset them zero. Then exit service menu
and restart Diamond.
3 Check and relicalibrate AEC.
4 Adjust initial kVs for Rh filter.
5 If possible, check preheat waveform kV by kV in range of 15-19 kV.
This range is new for Specimen mode. Refer to Diamond Installation
Instructions (86501-IMG) for preheat and mA-regulation check.
4.3 HYPERTERMINAL INTERFACE FOR DIAMOND

The system settings can be exported in hexadecimal format and can be
viewed in Windows HyperTerminal®.
For this you need a PC, hyperterminal software such Windows

HyperTerminal® by Hilgraeve Inc., serial cable (9 pin male and female;
lines 2,3 and 7 directly connected, cable code 85102).
NOTE!
This can also be done with the optional Diamond Service Software
(87502).

4.3.1 Configuration of the HyperTerminal:
The HyperTerminal interface varies a little bit in various Windows

versions.
1 Select COM-port that you want to use at FILE\PROPERTIES\CONNECT

TO-tab sheet:
2 Then proceed to Configure-tab sheet. Change the parameters to:
3 Accept changes with OK.
4.3.2 Data capture

1 Connect the cable between Diamond COM-port and PC serial port.
Switch off Diamond before this.
2 Create (with a Notepad or similar) a text file (for example
C:\Service\log.txt) to save the capture data.
3 Open up Windows HyperTerminal.
4 Select FILE\NEW CONNECTION
5 Switch on the Diamond unit.
6 When the connection is established, select TRANSFER\CAPTURE
TEXT... in Windows HyperTerminal. The following screen appears:

7 If the file in which you want to store data is correct, click on START. If
not, look for the file with Browse-function.
8 The connection between Diamond and the PC is alright, if the
command prompt looks as Dx> (x=software release version, for
example, version 9 prompt looks like D9>). Perform service session.
Commands to retrieve system data:
bram - Diamond settings data (for default settings list, refer to

Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-IMG))
param aecdump 1, - AEC detector signal values (e.g. to adjust
AutoPointCoefficient or for other AutoPoint tuning work)
param aecdump 1
List item Meaning
*** Exp Nr:649 *** Exposure number
14:19 time
Preprog:1 Used preprog-mode
Detector(hex):0001 AEC-detector used
KvDspl(dec):28 kV of the exposure (in display)
IntTime(dec):118 Integration time
ActExpTime(dec):445 Real exposure time [ms]
Thickness(dec):40 Compression thickness [mm]
Filtered xraylevel(dtr_xray)[0](dec):1918 detector 0 signal
*** End Nr:649 *** End of data related to this
exposure number.

param aecdump 2 - displays Auto kV exposure times and kV

values to help problem tracing and to clarify the function of the
Auto kV, includes also param aecdump1 information, kV
compensation values, internal density, primary and secondary
detectors used by e.g. AutoPoint:
param aecdump 2
List item Meaning
*** Exp Nr:48 *** Exposure number
15:49 time
Detector(hex):0001 AEC-detector used
RotPoint(dec):30 P-point [ms]/10
RotL(dec):115 r1*100
RotR(dec):100 r2*100
SlopeL(dec):250 s1/10
SlopeR(dec):250 s2/10
ThComp(dec):100 Amount of thickness
compensation in this exposure
KvDspl(dec):28 kV of the exposure (in display)
KvComp(dec):100 Amount of kV compensation in
this exposure
IntTime(dec):126 Integration time
ActExpTime(dec):415 Real exposure time [ms]
Thickness(dec):40 compression thickness [mm]
MAs(dec):35 mAs-value
User density=7 density-adjustment set by the
user (7 = 0, e.g. 5= -2)
Filter=0 Filter: 0=Molybdenum,
1=Rhodium, 2=Aluminum
Casholder=1 Cassette holder: 1= Small Bucky,
2= Large Bucky, 3-5
Magnification 1.6-2.0
Time before th.comp:415 Calculated exposure time
before thickness compensation
[ms]
Det. offset(dtr_gndl)[0](dec):27 detector 0 offset

param aecdump 2
List item Meaning
tecexptime[0]=0 Practically not relevant, this
exposure step does not exist,
even if some value other than 0
would be displayed.
tecexptime[1]=415 Exposure times at different kV
values when Auto kV is used.
tecexptime[2]=0 With Auto Time only one step
used.
tecexptime[3]=0 If changes occur, the respective
kVs are listed.
Targettime=(dec):750 Target time at this thickness
[ms].
Int. Internal density e.g. Auto kV
density(GetInternalDensity)(dec):100 adjustment in percentages.
Full density(dec):100 Density setting by the user in
percentages.
Autokvlimit=3 Maximum allowed kV-change in
Auto kV-mode.
Iqc coefficient=100 Correction initiated by IQC.
Dtr[0] values in offset cnt detector 0 offset monitoring
:28:28:28:28:27:28:28:28:28:28
:73:73:73:73:73:73:73:73:73:73
:47:47:46:46:46:47:47:47:47:47
:29:29:29:29:29:29:29:29:29:29
:31:31:31:31:31:31:31:31:31:31
:57:57:57:57:57:57:57:57:57:57
:68:68:68:68:68:68:68:68:68:68
:74:74:73:73:74:74:74:74:74:74
*** End Nr:48 *** End of data related to this
exposure number.
aec paramdump 0 = ends listing of the param aecdump

bram = printing parameters, recommended after installation
9 When the service session is over, stop the capture by selecting
TRANSFER\CAPTURE\STOP.
10 Switch off Diamond.
11 Terminate the HyperTerminal session and disconnect the PC cable
from Diamond.

12 Switch on Diamond.
NOTE!
If the connection to HyperTerminal has not been terminated when
Diamond is restarted, Diamond will then establish the connection.
4.3.3 Save setup data
NOTE!
If setup data is saved with HyperTerminal, the target time values are not
included in the listing. The Diamond Service Software (87502) is
recommended for saving the setup data.
Saving data setup with HyperTerminal

1 Start capture.
2 After you have finished with Diamond procedures, stop capture.
3 Open up the text with a word processor.
4 Save the text into some word-processing file.
5 Save the file in a secure place for future reference.
In case restoration of some old system parameters is necessary, send the

printout or a text file to the manufacturer. The data is examined and the
instructions will be sent to you.
4.4 DIAMOND TEST DISPLAYS

In service mode, Diamond Control Panel displays various figures that
convey information about the system condition. The printout of the
screen items is included in appendices.
1 Enter service mode

2 Press button 3 (the right-most button below Control Panel LCD-
screen.
3 Press button 2 (in the middle, below LCD-screen). Screen displays
various test figures.
4 Check out listing of the page number in upper left corner of the LCD-
screen.
5 Press button 3 to scroll through pages 1-4.
6 After you have finished with test displays, exit the screen with-key
and exit the service mode.
4.5 SOFTWARE VERSIONS

Refer to Diamond Spare Part Catalog (86504), Software section, for order
codes of Board and EPROM software.

4.6 SPECIMEN MODE

When Specimen mode is selected, the following apply:
– kV value ranges from 15 to 39 kV

– LCD screen blinks
– compression, C-Arm rotation and AutoPoint disabled

5 Electrical system architecture - theory of operation
5 Electrical system architecture - theory of

operation
5.1 OVERVIEW
This section provides theory of operation from the system level to detailed
circuit level. The electronics contains both low voltage - low energy
circuits and power electronics circuits which are directly connected to the
mains line voltage. Refer to complete Diamond System Architecture
diagram in the appendix section.
The voltages inside the system are hazardous and therefore great caution
should be exercised when measuring electric signals especially with
electronic boards that contain line referenced circuits. The electronics
consist of four major components:
1 Printed circuit boards (PCBs)

– Include all the electrical circuits that are needed to operate the
system.
2 Sensors
– Detect positions of different movements and status of the unit
3 Motors
– Provide different movements of mechanical constructions
4 Cabling
– Connects PCBs with other PCBs and sensors and provides PCBs
and motors with operating power
For the system architecture, refer to the documents in Chapter 12,

Appendices.
KVOK-COMP
GENENA
FBMISS
PRE/MA
*MAOK
J2
+34v
PRE/MA DAC
LARGE
+15v TF1
MACTRL FILA-ERROR HEATENA
PREREF SMALL
OUTA
KVMAREF(0:7)
MAREF
OUTB COMMON
MACTRL
SHUTDWN
CURLIM
LARGE
SMALL
PWM
MACTRL FILREF
IN+
MACTRL
IN-
0R1
OUTA
OUTB
MACTRL
MAFB
MAREF
SHUTDOWN
MAFB J4
MA SECTION
EXPENA
SHUTDOWN V ref.
13 SEC CURLIMIT
S Q TUBEFAIL BACKUP (60A)
C TIMER
TUBEFAIL R Q
J5
C B
KVFB
DAC VCOFREQ
KVFB
S Q A D
KVREF VCO C
KVMAREF(0:7) OUTA R Q
(Error Amplifier)
KVOK-COMP
A C
J3
B D HV-Unit
*KVOK
KV SECTION 310Vdc 310Vdc-GND
Fig 5.1. X-ray generator block diagram

The generator of the unit is a modern, constant power, high frequency,

feedback-controlled DC x-ray generator consisting of the following parts:
1 Generator Board
2 High voltage unit
3 Anode motor drive (AMD) board
4 Mains transformer
5 Energy storage capacitor
6 Tube housing
Technical specifications
Input power: 4.6 kVA
Output power: Max. 2.6 kW
Output voltage: 15 - 39 kV
Output current: 20 - 100 mA
Frequency: 40 - 100 kHz
Line voltage: 230Vac ±10%, single phase, 50/
60Hz
Irms (rest): 300 mA
Irms (exposure): 20 A
I peak: 55 A
5.2 INPUT POWER

The mains line is applied to the Power Board via mains fuses, line filter and
mains switch. The AC mains voltages are further applied to Generator
Board, Stereo Board, AMD Board and to Main transformer that provides all
the low voltage (ground referenced) power.
Power Board
Main transformer

5.2.1 Supply Voltage Regulation
Supply voltages from the main transformer are rectified at Power Board.
The output voltages are 24Vac and +34Vac. The voltage rectifiers are
located as follows:
Input Regulator Location Used By
+24V +15Vdc Power Power and Generator Board

Board
-24V -15Vdc Power Generator Board
Board
+24V +5Vdc Supervisor Supervisor and Power Board
Board
+24V +5Vdc Stereo The internal serial bus, Stereo/
Board Drive/Collimator/Compression/
AEC/Compression Display
Boards
+24V +15V Stereo Stereo/Collimator/AEC Board
Board
-24V -15Vdc Stereo AEC Board
Board
±15Vdc ±12Vdc AEC Board AEC Board
+24V +5Vdc Control Control Panel Board
Panel Board
Fig 5.2. Supply voltage regulation
5.2.2 Sensor types

A
Photointerrupters (A)
– Mechanical “flag” enters the slot
Hall Effect Sensors (B)

– A magnet placed in front of the sensor
– POLARITY!
B
Motor Speed Sensors (C)
– Rotary Encoder
– Integrated inside the Motor
Microswitches

5.3 PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD (PCB) COMMUNICATION

The center of the system is the Supervisor Board that controls all the
system operations. All PCBs are connected to the Supervisor Boards either
directly or via another board.
The communication takes place with two serial (RS-485) links and parallel
signals that provide link between the Supervisor Board and other PCBs.
The first serial bus is an external bus and it connects the Supervisor Board
to Control Panel(s) and other external control devices. The second serial
bus is internal and it connects the Supervisor to all PCBs inside the C-Arm
of the system. The parallel ports connect to the Generator Board and
Power Board that are located in the carriage.
5.3.1 Internal Serial Bus
The internal serial bus connects the Supervisor board to PCBs located in
the C-Arm. The bus is separated into two segments: the first one connects
the AEC Board and Stereo Board. The other segment connects through
Stereo Board and it connects Compression Board and Collimator Board.
Each of these above-mentioned boards has its own microcontroller that

controls the input/output on that particular board and boards that
connect to them (AMD Board, Drive Board). Each board has its own
address and the Supervisor Board reads and writes alternately to each
board every 20ms. If a board does not receive data for a certain period of
time it will reset all its outputs to a non-active state.
The serial bus has two lines: receiving (RXD) and sending line (TXD-from
Supervisors viewpoint). The Supervisor controls the sending line and all
other boards observe that line all the time. The receiving line is occupied
for a certain time by each board alternately after the Supervisor has
addressed the board.
The serial cable is a shielded cable and the shield should always be
grounded at both ends of the cable.
5.3.2 External Serial Bus
The external serial bus is similar to the internal bus except that it is
intended for one or two control panels and other control devices that are
located out side the unit.
5.4 SUPERVISOR BOARD

The Supervisor Board is the center of the system. It is built around Intel’s
386EX microprocessor. The Supervisor Board controls all the other boards
as discussed in chapter 5, Electrical system architecture - theory of
operation. The software can be programmed into the memory via JTAG
link or COM port. For details, refer to chapter 4, Parameter programming
and software load.

Supervisor Board
Schematics, Layouts
Refer to the documents in chapter 12, Appendices.
5.5 POWER BOARD

The Power Board provides supply voltages and main generator power as
well as controls C-Arm rotation and Vertical drive motors.
5.5.1 Power supply section
Power supply section of the Power Board produces supply voltages +5 V,

±15 V, ±24 V, +34 V and +310 V. Voltages are rectified from output of main
transformer TF1 and direct from line voltage.
Voltage level of the main supply can be read by the supervisor from signal
CFORCE provided by the power board. Voltage level is measured and
calculated based on a low-level voltage +24Vdc. CFORCE is a dual-
purpose signal and is enabled for measuring the voltage level from
+24Vdc while the C-Arm is not run.
If the main supply have been interrupted for about 10 to 15 milliseconds,

signal POWERFAIL is passed on to the supervisor. POWER-ON LAMP is
switched on by relay K6 when 34 Vdc is available.
The full wave rectified 310 Vdc is applied to the Generator through relays
K6 and K7. The Supervisor board controls relays with signals RG1 and
RG2. When an exposure is initiated, K7 applies voltage through current
limiting resistors R153 and R154 that allow controlled charging of the
energy storage capacitor. K6 is activated by RG2 about one second later
and provides full power to the generator board.
External indicators:
Connector X16 provides relay contacts for X-ray system status indication.
X16 pins 1 and 2 are short-circuited when the unit is on. X12 pins 1 and 2
are short-circuited when X-rays are being generated. The contacts are
rated for 5A, 24VDC /240VAC.

5.5.2 C-Arm rotation motor control
The C-Arm motor control is an 8-speed supervisor programmed driver for

24 Vdc motor that rotates the C-Arm. Speed of the movement is stabilized
with speed feedback produced by a tachometer on the C-Arm motor. The
tachometer provides a pulsed signal C-PULSE that is transformed to
voltage speed feedback by frequency to voltage converter ICA7.
Direction is controlled with signal C-DIR-LEFT and speed with signals C-

MUX1, C-MUX2 and C-MUX3. Four C-position optoswitches provide signals
C-RIGHT-POS, C-RMIDDLE-POS, C-LMIDDLE-POS and C-LEFT-POS. If signal
C-RIGHT-POS or C-LEFT-POS is active, then C-Arm movement to the right
or left is restricted respectively. Signal C-RUN is required to run C-motor.
C-motor current is monitored and restricted to app. 15.7 Amperes.
5.5.3 C-Arm Rotation Sensors

Rotation Limits
There are three limit sensors for the C-Arm rotation. The center limit
consists of two slotted photointerrupters, which detects the flag in the C-
Arm mechanism. The C-Arm movement slows down when the flag passes
the double opto sensor.
The two other photointerrupter limits prevent the mechanism from

collision with the mechanical limit at maximum C-Arm angles. The signals
from the limits are taken via the Power Board to the Supervisor Board.
Rotation Angle
The Rotation angle is calculated from the pulses of the Tacho Board,
which is attached to the C-Arm motor. The software calibration is based
on fixed rotation limits that is the center position, where the zero reading
is updated each time the C-Arm is at CC-position.
The tacho pulses are taken to the Supervisor Board via the Power Board.
When the power is turned on the current angle value is stored in

Supervisor Board memory where it is fetched from next time the unit is
powered up.
Rotation Speed
The Rotation Speed is measured from the pulses of the Tacho Board,
which is attached to the C-Arm motor. The pulses are sent direct to the
Power Board, which uses a circuit that controls the speed according to a
speed reference from Supervisor Board.

5.5.4 Vertical movement or Z-motor control
Z-motor drives vertical movement of the device. Signal Z-DIR-UP defines

direction of the movement. If signal Z-UPPER-LIMIT or Z-LOWER-LIMIT is
active, then movements up or down are not allowed, respectively. Two
microswitches provide Z-limit signals. Signal Z-RUN is required to run Z-
motor. Z-motor current is monitored and limited to app. 4 Amperes. Z-
motor is driven with two speeds. Once the drive is enabled it is started at a
low speed and after a little delay the speed is increased.
The drive of the motor is possible only if motor-stop buttons are installed
and no button is activated (pressed down).
Fuses
Refer to chapter 5.13, Fuses, voltages and led indications.
Schematics, Layouts
5.6 GENERATOR BOARD

Generator Board regulates the kV and mA of the X-ray tube. The
Generator Board contains a high voltage and a low voltage section. The
high voltage section is isolated from the low voltage section with
optocouplers ICD14-ICD17 and current transformer TF2.
WARNING!
Voltages in the high voltage part of the Generator Board are hazardous.
The peak to peak voltage exceeds 700V in normal operation.
Generator Board

5.6.1 kV Control
5.6.1.1 High voltage section
The high voltage section consists of a MOSFET transistor H-bridge, which

converts the rectified line voltage (+310 VDC) into high frequency current.
This current is taken to the HIGH VOLTAGE UNIT where it is transformed
into high voltage. The inductors L3, L4 and H-bridge’s operating frequency
determine the RMS value of the current and thus the output power to the
X-ray tube.
The MOSFET driving pulses are generated at the low voltage section of the
board and are provided by optocouplers ICD14 - ICD17. TF2 is a current
transformer, which monitors the bridge current. If the bridge current
exceeds the preadjusted current limit the control circuit in the low voltage
section turns the MOSFETs off.
5.6.1.2 Timing
The input voltage is applied through the connector X6. When an exposure
is initiated, relays K1 and K2 on the Power Board provide the line voltage.
The activation of the EXPENA signal (H8) enables the H-bridge drive
circuitry.
RG1
310V ON
1.15s
RG2
PREHEAT ON
112ms
GENENA MACTRL ON
710ms
210ms 100ms
PREMACTRL
XRAYS ON
180ms 70ms
EXPENA
65msGRID ON
GRIDSTART
165ms 60ms
XRAY
60ms
ANRUN
50ms 1.2s
100ms
ANSTART
5ms
X-rays off
X-rays off
X-rays on
X-rays on
ANENA
5.6.1.3 Low voltage section
The high voltage is regulated by adjusting the H-bridge’s operating

frequency. This is done by comparing the feedback signal (KVFB) from the
high voltage unit with the reference voltage from the Supervisor Board
and taking the error signal to the frequency modulator circuit (ICA10,
ICD7, ICD12). The output is taken to ICD10A and ICD10B, which drive the
MOSFET driving optocouplers.

EXPENA signal
An exposure is initiated by the Supervisor Board by activation of the

EXPENA signal. This enables pulsing of the MOSFET drive optocouplers and
allows the kV reference signal to rise providing “soft start”.
kV reference
The level of the used kV is set by the SUPERVISOR BOARD with signals
KVMAREF0 -KVMAREF7. This 8-bit digital word contains the kV reference.
The kV reference is converted into an analog signal in D/A converter ICA6
(TP26).
The analog kV reference (TP26) and the kV feedback (TP20) signals

correspond to actual kV as follows:
kV = DVM read-out * 10 kV
For example, if the digital multimeter (DVM) read-out is 2.5 V, the actual
high voltage is 25kV.
kV adjustment
The calibration of the kV is done by adjusting the D/A converter’s (ICA6)

reference voltage with trimmer potentiometer R67.
NOTE!
The kV calibration is performed at the factory. The trimmer potentiometer
R67 is sealed. Manipulation of the potentiometer can be carried out only
by GE Healthcare-authorized service technician.
CAUTION!
Improper settings of the potentiometer can damage the Generator Board,
High Voltage unit and the X-ray tube.
5.6.2 mA Control
The mA control adjusts the X-ray tube’s filament heating level to provide
the desired tube current (mA). This is done by regulating the filament
voltage with “FLYBACK” type pulse width modulated switch mode power
supply (T1, T2, TF1, D14, C85, and ICA5). The control circuitry uses current
mode control, which provides better stabilization and protects the
semiconductor switches against over-current. The operation consists of
two consecutive sequences: 1) the preheat sequence, and 2) normal mA
control sequence. The preheat sequence is used for heating of the
filament to the desired level prior to the exposure, in order to achieve
optimum mA rise at the start up.
During the preheat sequence the control feedback comes from the
filament voltage, and during an exposure the mAFB signal is used,
providing the actual tube current monitoring.

mA generation timing
mA generation timing is controlled with four signals: SMALL/

LARGEFOCUS, GENENA, PRE/MA-CTRL and EXPENA.
SMALL/LARGEFOCUS is a latch output, which changes state depending

on whether the Mag-box (small focal spot) or either a Bucky or a Cassette
tunnel (large focal spot) is attached to the unit. Diamond selects which mA
feedback resistor will be used on the mA feedback and which filament will
be energized.
GENENA becomes active 20-40 ms after the hand switch is depressed.

The relay K1 is powered up by GENENA and applies power to the filament
transformer TR1. During the time between PREHEAT and EXPENA, the
pulse width modulator (ICA5) uses filament voltage as its feedback
voltage. The reference is software controlled to achieve proper tube
current rise at the beginning of an exposure.
When EXPENA goes active, actual exposure begins and regulation of the
tube current becomes a more important issue than filament voltage. This
is performed by connecting the common of the filaments to ground
through one of the mA feedback resistors (R7 or R8+R9). This signal, called
mA FEEDBACK (MAFB) is now fed to the pulse width modulator by an
analog switch (ICA10). Its output was transferred from filament voltage to
MAFB with the signal PRE/MACTRL. The PRE/MACTRL signal is activated
approximately 7 ms after the EXPENA signal. The duty cycle of the pulse
width will vary depending on what is required to maintain proper mA.
Preh reference
The preheat reference is the reference for filament voltage. It is converted

from 8 (KVMAREF0-7) parallel databits into preheat reference information
in two-channel D/A converter (ICA4).
mA reference
The mA reference is the reference for the actual tube current. It is

converted from 8 (KVMAREF0-7) parallel databits into mA reference
information in two-channel D/A converter (ICA4). The selection between
preheat and mA channel is made with signal PRE/MASEL (0 - PREHEAT; 1 -
mA).
Preheat adjustment
The preheat adjustment is performed separately for large and small focus
by varying the preheat reference with software.
5.6.3 Protection circuits
The generator board features several circuits to protect the generator or

the X-ray tube.

KVOK and TUBEFAIL signals
KVOK and TUBEFAIL signals are activated if the KVFB signal does not
reach the kV reference. This typically occurs during a high voltage
breakdown or arching.
TUBEFAIL signal provides a SHUTDOWN kV for the control circuit on board.

KVOK signal provides Supervisor Board with information that kV is
reached.
As the arching is characteristic to x-ray tubes, and hence may occur

during normal operation, the exposure is continued with a new activation
of the EXPENA signal. The Supervisor Board allows three (3) tube failures
per exposure before an error message is displayed.
MAOK and FILA_ERROR signals
MAOK signal is zeroed if the mA feedback does not reach the mA

reference. This information goes to Supervisor Board and enables
software controlled protection.
FILA_ERROR signal is activated approximately 600ms after the MAOK

signal goes zero. It reduces the current limit for filament power supply,
thus protecting the filament from excessive heating.
FBMISS signal
The FBMISS signal is activated if the feedback cable is not connected or

the connector is not properly seated. It disables the +34V power to the
filament as well as shuts down the filament PWM regulator (ICA5).
5.6.4 Back Up Timer
The generator has a Back Up Timer (ICA10c) that disables both the +34V
for the filament and the EXPENA signal providing SHUTDOWN
approximately fifteen (15) seconds after the activation of the EXPENA
signal. This is only a safety feature and does not affect normal operation.
Jumper Normal Test position Test position

position (edges (edges not description
painted white) painted white)
J1 open closed Disable FBMISS signal

J2 1-2 2-3 Forced preheat control
of the filament
J3 1-2 2-3 Disable kVOK signal
J4 1-2 2-3 Disable mAOK signal
J5 1-2 2-3 Disable TUBEFAIL
signal and generator
shutdown
Fig 5.3. Generator board jumpers

CAUTION!
The Test Jumper J5 should always be at “NORMAL” position whenever the
high voltage part of the Generator Board is energized. Failing to do this
may damage the Generator Board, High Voltage unit and the X-ray tube.
5.6.5 Monitoring
The Supervisor Board monitors the generator performance and measures

certain signals in order to perform calibrations and adjustments.
The information to Supervisor Board from different generator signals is

multiplexed through GENMON signal. The different measured values are
multiplexed to FBFRQ. The multiplexing is performed according to
following table:
EXPENA MUXSEL PRE/MASEL GENMON FBFRQ
0 0 0 TUBEFAIL +34V
0 0 1 TUBEFAIL KVREF
0 1 0 FBMISS MAREF
0 1 1 FBMISS PREHREF
1 0 X TUBEFAIL KVFB
1 1 X FILA_ERROR MASFB
Table 5.1 Signals to Supervisor Board
An exposure without X-rays
It is possible to check the operation of kV and mA control circuitry without

X-rays.
1 Turn OFF the unit

2 Unplug connectors X6 and X4 from the GENERATOR Board (a four-pin
connector). J3
3 Unplug X5 of the Power Board
4 Set the jumpers J3, J4 on the GENERATOR Board to 2-3 position [non- J4
default position].
The kV control circuitry is driving the MOSFETS with the minimum

frequency (app. 20kHz) and the filament voltage is regulated to preheat
level.
Schematics, Layouts

5.7 ANODE MOTOR DRIVE BOARD - AMD BOARD

The unit features a rotating anode tube. The anode plate is accelerated
with 230 VAC before the emission of electrons from cathode. During
AMD Board exposure, stator needs a certain running voltage (40-100 VAC), and after
exposure the anode plate can be held steady with a brake stop.
All this is performed with the phase control of a triac (V1). The control
element is Telefunken TEA1007 (A7). Acceleration is achieved directly with
mains voltage. During exposure, the firing angle of the triac is set to a level
that corresponds to the required RMS voltage. Both acceleration and
brake procedures take approximately 1 second. Safety issues are also
taken into account by monitoring the current of the triac. Should errors be
detected, the microprocessor will not allow exposures. The exchange of
information between the microprocessor and this board is optoisolated
because the anode motor drive board is floating on mains voltage.
Schematics, Layouts
5.8 STEREO BOARD

Stereo Board is the central board in the C-Arm. Its main tasks are the
electronics bus segment handling, sensor and keyboard signal
monitoring, power supply regulation and motor control.
Stereo Board
The Stereo Board handles the internal electronics serial bus

communication so that the two bus segments can communicate. Each
time a board is sending data to Supervisor Board (that is, writing to the
bus) it must take over the TXD line. The segment that contains Collimator
and Compression boards connects to the main segment via Stereo board
and therefore Stereo board must take over the TXD line of the main
segment each time someone from the other segment sends data to
Supervisor.
Sensor and keyboard signals on the C-Arm (except tube head) are
collected in the Stereo Board. The (15Vdc and +5Vdc supply voltages for
all the boards in the C-Arm are regulated on the Stereo board. Refer to
chapter 5.2.1, Supply Voltage Regulation. Stereo board also drives the
compression motor, ECS motor and Stereo motor and controls cassette
and grid motors on the Drive board.

5.8.1 Voltage regulators
The Stereo Board contains +5V switch mode power supply (SMPS) that
supplies +5Vdc voltage to the Stereo, Drive, AEC, Collimator and
Compression Boards. The +15V linear regulator supplies +15Vdc to the
Stereo, Drive, AEC, Collimator and Compression Boards. The -15V linear
regulator is used as preregulator by AEC Boards -12V regulator.
5.8.2 Stereo and ECS motor drive
Both motors are +24VDC-motors, which are driven with pulse width
modulated (PWM) power supplies that can provide variable voltage
control, thus enabling speed control. Each drive circuit consists of control
circuit and two power transistors. The output voltage consists of +34 Volt
pulses whose width determines the RMS voltage of the motor. This voltage
is proportional to the reference voltage applied to the control circuitry.
The operating frequency for both drives is approximately 30kHz.
Stereo and ECS motors are driven by the same control and drive circuit
(ICA1, T1, T2). Both drives are speed controlled. The speed feedback for
stereo drive comes from stereo motor tachometer and the speed
reference for ECS drive comes from compression motor tachometer. The
active motor is selected with relay K3 and the direction is selected with
K4.
The operating speed is software controlled and multiplexed from 7

resistors with ICD18. ECS speed is either determined by the compression
motor (ECS mode) or fixed speed (C-Arm mode). Both drives also utilize a
current limiting circuit that limits the motor current to approximately 5A.
5.8.2.1 Stereo Sensors
Stereo Angle
The angles for stereotactic operations are accomplished with four slotted
photointerrupters located underneath the Stereo Board. The ±15 degree
angles are determined by two opto boards on the sides. The center
position of the stereo arm is detected with the Stereo Sensor Board, which
contains two opto switches. The exact positioning of the stereo arm is
adjusted by moving the corresponding opto boards.
85030
85028

Stereo Speed
The Stereo Speed is measured from the pulses of the Tacho Board, which
is attached to the Stereo motor. The pulses are taken to the Stereo Board,
which uses a circuit that controls the speed according to a speed
reference.
5.8.3 Compression motor drive
The compression motor drive is a software controlled 8 speed PWM drive.

The speed is selected by choosing one reference voltage from multiplexer
ICD9. The compression motor tachometer measures the compression
speed, which is used as reference speed to ECS motor control.
5.8.4 Back up release
The unit is equipped with a compression release back up feature. If the

line voltage suddenly disappears, then the compression is released. This is
implemented with relay K2. When this relay is powered up, the
compression motor is operated normally. When the relay is not activated,
the motor is driven upwards with capacitor charge in the +34Vdc power
supply line.
5.8.5 Sensors and Keyboard
Stereo board receives the signals from stereo angulation sensors, ECS
limit sensors (which connect directly to the board) and cassette holder
sensors, cassette movement and grid position sensors (which connect via
Drive Board).
The signals from C-Arm operating panel connect to X24.
Schematics, Layouts
5.9 DRIVE BOARD

The Drive Board contains drive and control circuits for grid and cassette
movement stepper motors.
Schematics, Layouts
5.9.1 Grid movement
The grid is moved with a stepper motor that is controlled by ICD3. This
microcontroller contains software that controls the grid speed, which is a
function of the grid position.
Prior to an exposure, the Stereo Board activates the grid movement with
signal GRID_START. When the grid has reached the maximum speed the
microcontroller on Drive Board sends the XRAY signal that allows the
Supervisor Board to start the exposure.

Grid Sensor
The actual location of the grid is calculated from stepper pulses by the
grid microcontroller on the Drive Board. Cable CS25 connects the grid
sensor to the Drive Board.
Home position
The home position of the grid is sensed with a slotted photointerrupter

that is activated by a flag in the grid mechanism. The grid home signal is
taken to both Drive Board grid controller and the microcontroller on the
Stereo Board, which further sends the data to Supervisor Board via RS-
485 serial link.
sensor
sensor
5.9.2 Cassette tray movement
Cassette Tray is moved with a stepper motor that is controlled by ICA4.

This stepper motor controller requires enabling, direction and clock
signals from Stereo Board (CAS_ENA, CAS_DIR, CAS_CLOCK).
Each clock pulse corresponds to a certain movement in distance and the

pulse frequency determines the travel speed. The Stereo Board
microcontroller provides the necessary amount of clock pulses to drive
the cassette tray. The actual cassette tray position is sensed with
cassette tray movement sensors.
5.9.3 Sensors
Cassette holder sensors, cassette tray movement and grid position

sensors all connect to the Drive Board. The signals are further taken to the
Stereo Board, which sends them to the Supervisor Board via the RS-485
serial link.
Cassette holder sensors

Fig 5.4. Sensor Board location,
Cassette Holder Sensor Board houses 4 Hall effect sensors that detect the front
1-4 magnets that encode cassette holders (Bucky, Mag, D32…). The
Cassette Holder Sensor on CSense Board (Sensor Board locations: image
A, front, image B, rear) connects to the Drive Board and then to Stereo
Board. The information from this sensor affects compression thickness
measurement and collimation.
The Sensor Board Hall-sensors (image A) decode the holders according to

the table below. Each cassette holder houses one to four magnets (image
B) to encode the holder.
Fig 5.5. Sensor Board location,

rear

A B
S2 S3 M3 M2
S1 S4 M4 M1
The signals from the Sensor Board are transferred to Drive board and
further to Stereo Board, which sends the data to the Supervisor Board via
RS-485 serial link.
Diamond sensors Corresponding cassette

holder
S4 S3 S2 S1
0 0 0 1 Bucky 18x24
0 0 1 0 Bucky 24x30
0 0 1 1 Mag 1.6
0 1 1 1 Mag 1.8
1 0 1 1 Mag 2.0
1 0 0 1 Digital Stereo - Delta 32
0 1 0 1 Contact 18x24 NOT USED!
0 1 1 0 Contact 24x30 NOT USED!
1 0 0 0 Spot Mag 1.6 NOT USED!
Table 5.2 Encoding of the cassette holder
In schematics, C1 equals to S1, C2 to S2, C4 to S3 and C8 to S4.

5.9.4 Cassette Sensors

Cassette detection
The presence of a cassette is

detected with a reflective photo
sensor that is activated when the
cassette tray is in back position
and a cassette is inserted. The LED
part of the sensor emits infra-red
light that is reflected to the
phototransistor part of the sensor
whenever a reflective surface is sensor
placed near the sensor. The
sensitivity of the detector can be
adjusted with a trimmer
potentiometer on the Cassette
Opto Board.
The photo sensor connects to the

AEC Board and is then taken to the Supervisor Board via RS 485 serial link
by AEC board microcontroller.
Cassette locks
Cassette tray movement depends

on the front and back position of
the cassette lock. The cassette
holder has a Cassette Lock Sensor
Board on both sides, which houses
two Hall sensors to detect the
small magnet in the cassette lock
lever. back position home
position
The Cassette Lock Sensor Board 24x30
connects to the AEC board X1 and
is then taken to the Supervisor
Board via RS 485 serial link by AEC 18x24
front position
board microcontroller.
Cassette tray movement
Three slotted photosensors detect the cassette tray movement so that

two of them are connected in parallel providing one signal at both ends of
the movement area. The position of the cassette tray is coded as in the
table below.
Sensors Corresponding position
S1 S2 S3
1 0 0 Home position
0 0 0 In between
0 0 1 24x30 cassette
0 1 0 18x24 cassette
Fig 5.6. Encoding of the cassette tray movement

5.10 COLLIMATOR BOARD

The Collimator Board controls the integrated collimator plates, filter
movement, tube park movement and field light. Collimator Board receives
the signals from tube park movement sensors, tube movement safety
clutch sensor, collimator plate and filter home sensors and external
collimation plate sensor board.
Collimator Board
The signals from tube head operating panel connect to X24.
Schematics, Layouts
5.10.1 Collimator plate and filter drive
The two integrated collimator plates and the filter mechanism are each
driven by a stepper motor. Each motor uses the same control and drive
circuit.
5.10.2 Collimator Sensors

Integrated collimation plates
The actual location of the collimator plates is calculated from stepper

pulses by the microcontroller on the Collimator Board. The position of the
front lid is derived from the drive order of the back and side plates.
Home position
The actual location of the collimator plate is sensed with a slotted

photointerrupter that is activated with a flag in the collimator plate. The
home signal is taken to the microcontroller on the Collimator Board, which
further sends the data to Supervisor Board via RS-485 serial link.
External collimation plate detection
External collimation plates are detected by Collimator Sense Board, which

has 3 optos for that purpose. Every diaphragm has 1-3 flags that activate
respective optos. The signals are taken to the Collimator Board to be
further utilized in Collimation interlock or other (later) features. Table of
diaphragm codes will be determined in later versions of this manual.

side plate sensor
rear plate sensor
5.10.3 Tube Park drive
The tube drive circuit consists of pulse width modulated (PWM) IC ICA5,
which run at approximately 30kHz. The drive has 8 different software
controlled reference voltages that correspond to 8 different tube park
speeds respectively.
5.10.4 Tube Park movement sensors

Tube Park movement limits
The Tube Park movement limits are accomplished with a flag that enters
four slotted photointerrupters. Two of the switches are located at end
points of the movement. Their purpose is to prevent the mechanical
collision at both ends of the tube movement. The purpose of the two other
(middle) switches is to determine the position where the tube speed will be
reduced prior to reaching the ends. The signals from the four switches are
taken to the Collimator Board, which further sends the data to the
Supervisor Board via the RS-485 serial link.
Location Function
Left front (A) Slowdown
Left rear (B) Slowdown
Right front (C) Stop
Right rear (D) Stop
A B
C D

Safety clutch
The Tube Park

mechanism features a
safety clutch in case the
tube movement is
hindered. The status of
the safety clutch is
monitored with a
microswitch that closes
when the clutch has
been activated. The
microswitch connects to
the Collimator Board,
which further sends the
data to the Supervisor Board via the RS-485 serial link.
5.10.5 Filter sensor
The actual location of the filter mechanism is calculated from stepper

pulses by the grid microcontroller on the Collimator Board.
Home position
The home position of the filter is sensed with a slotted photointerrupter

that is activated by a flag in the filter mechanism. The filter home signal is
taken to the microcontroller on the Collimator Board, which further sends
the data to Supervisor Board via RS-485 serial link.
5.11 COMPRESSION BOARD

The Compression board controls the compression thickness and force
measurement and display. It also controls the displays and keyboard on
compression arm control panel. The microcontroller ICD7 controls the
board operations and sends the data to the Supervisor Board for further
processing.
5.11.1 Compression thickness measurement
Compression thickness is measured with optocouplers that read the

dotted tape. The dotted tape provides information about distance,
direction of movement and compression and home position. This
information is then transferred to processor 87C51. The calibration is
performed with the software.
5.11.2 Compression force measurement
Compression force with units S/N 20000 - 20135 is measured with strain
gauges in the compression mechanism. The signal is brought to the
amplifier ICA1. The offset voltage of the amplifier must be set to 450mV/
5mV when there is no strain on the compression paddle. The voltage is
measured between test points TP2 and TP3. For Compression
measurement with units S/N 20136 and up, refer to Diamond Technical
Bulletin 07/2002, Compression_Information.

5.11.3 Displays
Compression force, compression thickness and the C-Arm angle are

displayed by Compression Display Board that contains a driver ICD8
(ICM7218BIQI) to control the 7-segment display. The Display Board also
contains 5 (4 in older units) Hall-type sensors to recognize 32 (16 with
older older units) various compression paddles. Refer to chapter 5.11.5,
Compression Sensors, Compression Paddle Detections-section.
5.11.4 Keyboard
Buttons for AEC screen, C-Arm and Z-movement are connected to 3x8
matrix. The matrix number is regulated with a micro-controller ICD7 of the
Compression Board.
3X8 MATRIX
SW-A SW-B SW-C
DETEC 0 AUTOPOINT PADDLE 1
DETEC 1 FILTER PADDLE 2
DETEC 2 COMPRESSION + PADDLE 4
DETEC 3 COMPRESSION - PADDLE 8
DETEC 4 FIELD LIGHT VERT-UP
DETEC 5 C-ARM-LEFT VERT-DOWN
DETEC 6 C-ARM-RIGHT N.C.
DETEC 7 N.C. N.C.
5.11.5 Compression Sensors

Compression travel limits
The compression travel limits are measured with the two slotted
photointerrupters (A) from the striped film strip located in the
compression mechanism.
The compression features two limits. The upper (microswitch, B) is actual

travel limit that prevents collision. The other one is used for compression
thickness calibration (C).
Compression thickness
The compression thickness is measured with the Thickness Sensor Board

and the striped film strip located in the compression mechanism.
The Thickness Sensor Board consists of two accurately positioned slotted

photointerrupters. The microcontroller on the Compression Board counts
pulses and the phase shift between the two sensors in order to determine
the relative compression travel and direction. The relative compression
thickness is then sent to the Supervisor Board via the RS-485 serial link.
The calibration is carried out at the two fixed positions that act as
compression travel limits. Each time the power is turned on, the system
locates one of the fixed positions and determines the actual compression
arm location.

Compression force measurement (Diamond units with S/N 20000 -

20135)
The compression force is measured with two strain gages located in the
special bending force measuring block of the compression arm that
measure the relative movements. The strain gages connect to the
Compression Board, which features a voltage to frequency converter that
is controlled by the on board microcontroller, which further sends the
data to the Supervisor Board via the RS-485 serial link.
Compression force measurement requires electric offset adjustment

(trimmer potentiometer). Software re-calibrates the offset point after each
compression.
Compression force measurement (Diamond units with S/N 20136 and

up)
The new compression force mechanism measures critical shear stress.

This mechanism does not need pre-tension adjustment.

Compression speed
The compression speed is measured from tachometer inside the

compression motor. The tacho pulses are taken to the Stereo Board that
converts the pulses into a speed reference voltage for the ECS drive to be
used in the ECS mode.
Compression paddle detection
Different compression paddles are detected by five (four currently in use)

Hall-sensors on the Compression Display Board that detect the small
magnets inserted in the compression paddle and connect to Compression
Board.
sensors
Fig 5.7. Old Compression Display Board with four Hall sensors S/N 20000 - 20135
sensors
Fig 5.8. Current Compression Display Board with five Hall sensors S/N 20136 and up
The image below describes the order of the sensors in the Compression
Display Board (series A) and the magnets on the compression paddle
(series B). Compression Paddle Detection affects compression thickness
measurement, Autorelease functions and PaddleLogic.

Sensors Corresponding compression paddle

S5 S4 S3 S2 S1
0 1 0 1 0 Biopsy paddle 9 and 18mm holes
0 1 0 1 1 Biopsy paddle 50x90mm square
0 1 1 0 0 Magnification paddle
0 0 1 1 0 Magnification paddle implant
0 0 1 0 1 Paddle implant
0 0 0 1 0 Paddle standard 18x24
0 0 0 0 1 Paddle standard 24x30
0 0 0 1 1 Spot magnification paddle
0 1 0 0 1 Spot magnification paddle enhanced
circle and square 12x12cm
0 1 0 0 0 Spot Paddle
0 1 1 0 0 Spot magnification paddle enhanced
circle and square
0 0 1 1 1 Delta 32 paddle
upper limit In schematics, C1 equals to S1, C2 to S2, C4 to S3, C8 to S4 and C16 to S5.
sensor
ECS Limits
The ECS movement limits are accomplished with a flag that enters the
two slotted photointerrupters. Their purpose is to prevent the mechanical
collision at both ends of the ECS movement.
The signals connect to the Stereo Board, which prevents the ECS from
lower limit driving to the corresponding direction. The data from the switches are
sensor also taken to the Supervisor Board via the RS-485 serial link.
Schematics, Layouts
Refer for documents to chapter 12, Appendices.
5.12 AEC BOARD

The AEC Board measures the radiation that goes through the breast from
eight different ellipsoidal-shaped detectors. It also collects sensor data to
Supervisor Board.
AEC Board

5.12.1 Automatic Exposure Control
Each detector consists of several photodiodes that provide current that is

proportional to the radiation. This current is converted into voltage for
each separate detector. The signals from eight detectors are then
multiplexed in ICA5 to one variable gain and variable offset amplifier and
taken further to 12-bit analog to digital converter ICD5. The data from the
detectors is then taken to the microcontroller, which sends the it to the
Supervisor Board for further processing.
The second amplifier stage, which is common to all eight detectors,

features software controlled offset circuit, which provides correct offsets
for each detector. Also the gain can be selected to provide optimum point
of operation for each exposure. The principal AEC gain is accomplished
with software.
5.12.2 Sensors
The AEC Board receives signals from cassette sensor and cassette lock
sensors. Refer to chapter 5.9.4, Cassette Sensors.
Schematics, Layouts
5.13 FUSES, VOLTAGES AND LED INDICATIONS
NOTE!
Following voltage measurements, and the soft start procedure
instructions are for troubleshooting purpose.
Verify that the typical voltages listed are present. Refer to repair
instructions in service manual for the location of the test points. Voltages
marked with * are unregulated.
5.13.1 Fuses
Fuses/Power Board 85020.

F1,2 Fuse 5x20mm 4AT, IEC 127-2/3.
F3 Fuse 6.3x32mm, 15 ASB 250V.
F4 Fuse 5x20mm 0.8AT, IEC127-2/3.
F5 Fuse 13/32” 20AF 600VAC (Bussmann KTK-20).
Fuses/AMD 32305.
F1 Fuse 6.3x32mm 10AT 250V.

Diamond fuses used by Delta 32:
Fuse Board 33615

(on PCB located in the bottom part plate of the C-Arm).
F5 Fuse 1 pc, 6x32mm 1,25AT 250V UL
F3 Fuse 1 pc, 6x32mm 0,8AT 250V UL
F1,2,4 Fuse 3 pcs, 6x32mm 0,5AT 250V UL
D32 Fuse Plate 82685 (in the carriage next to the transformers)
F1,2 Fuse 2 pcs, 6X32mm 0,3AD 250 UL 248-14
5.13.2 Voltages
Voltages/Power Board 85020.

TP1 to TP2 GND Unreg. +34 Vdc*
TP6 GND to TP3 Unreg. +24Vdc*
TP6 GND to TP5 Unreg. -24 Vdc*
TP6 GND to TP7 Reg. +15 Vdc
TP6 GND to TP15 Reg. -15 Vdc
Network voltage for Generator Board during exposure

TP26 GND to TP27 Unreg. +34 Vdc*
Stereo Board Code 85013

AEC Board Code 85001

Control Panel Board Code 85069

TP6 GND to TP7 Reg. +5Vdc
Supervisor Board Code 85078


WARNING!
Before connecting test equipment to Generator Board TP43 GND, make
sure that there is no connection to other, previously tested test points. If
TP43 GND is connected to some other test point than TP42 or TP44 on
Generator Board, short circuit and damage to electronic boards are likely.
After checking Generator Board, make sure that there is no connection
TP43 GND and the test equipment.
Generator Board Code 85003

TP43 GND to TP44 Reg. +310Vdc, during
exposure
5.13.3 LED indications
When Diamond is switched on, the following LEDs should light up:
Power Board 85020

Code Color displayed
H2, H10, H13, H15, H16, H22 Green
H9 Red
LA2 Orange
Supervisor Board 85078

H3, H4, H5, H6, H7, H8, RST Green
Generator Board 85003

H1, H2, H3, H14 Green
Stereo Board 85013

H1, H2, H6, H7, H8, H9 Green
Drive Board 85011

H1, H2 Green
H3 Red
Collimator Board 85009

H18, H19, H20 Green
H16 Red (during collimator movement)

6 System checks and preventive maintenance
6 System checks and preventive

maintenance
WARNING!
The X-ray tube utilizes a Beryllium window. do not perform any
operations on Beryllium, which produce dust or fumes, such as grinding,
grit blasting or acid cleaning. Beryllium dust or fumes are highly toxic and
breathing them can result in serious personal injury or death.
6.1 X-RAY TUBE PERFORMANCE CHECK

6.1.1 Half-value layer (HVL) measurement
Use compression paddle in HVL compliance measurements.
Test equipment required:
– Radiation meter
– 0.1 mm Aluminum Plates (Alloy 1100)
– compression paddle
1 Press kV- and Den-buttons down simultaneously to enter the service
mode. The following screen appears:
2 Collimate the X-ray beam by a lead plate with a hole placed close
the tube and restrict the beam to an area slightly larger than the
ionization chamber. Use 28 kV and measure the radiation using 0 -
0.1 - 0.2 - 0.3 - 0.4 mmAl.
3 Plot your data on the chart and connect data points with a line. Take
the 0.0 mmAl reading and divide it by two. Find where that reading
would intersect your graph and determine the half-value layer from
the aluminum axis. Use mAs that gives you about 400 mR with 0
mmAl.
mmAl mR
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
NOTE!
HVL @ 28 kV MUST be more than .25 mmAl, and should be less than .35
mmAl.

400
380
360
340
320
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
210
200
190
180
170
160
150
140
130
120
110
100
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45
Fig 6.1. HVL measurement chart
4 Enter the measured HVL value in the Service Menu to obtain correct
AGD estimates.
5 Press kV- and Den-buttons down simultaneously to exit the service
mode.
6.1.2 Tube efficiency check on the cassette holder
Test equipment required:
– calibrated radiation meter for mammography

1 Center the radiation meter on the image receptor so that its ion
chamber is as close as possible to the chest wall edge of the image
receptor.
2 Place a piece of lead under the meter to block back scatter.
3 For small focal spot testing, remove the image receptor. Make the
exposures in the service mode. For large focus, insert a cassette
holder and make the measurements on the cassette holder top.
4 Press kV- and Den-buttons down simultaneously to enter the service
mode.

5 Make exposures as directed by the table below, comparing your

results with the data given on the same table.
mR/mAs
kV Small focus Large focus
Desire Actual Check Desire Actual Check

d d
25 3-9 3-9
29 8 - 15 7 - 14
35 16 - 23 10 - 18
Fig 6.2. Tube efficiency
NOTE!
Make all exposures at 100 mAs without the paddle!
NOTE!
If the output of the tube consistently falls below the desired level, check
kV, mA, preheat.
Press kV- and Den-buttons down simultaneously to exit the service mode.
6.1.3 Image quality evaluation procedure

1 For the film processor evaluation procedure, refer to Diamond
Installation Instructions (86501-IMG), Chapter 7.2.4, Film processor
evaluation.
2 Place a loaded cassette into the Bucky and select AEC operation
using settings (kV) as you would use for an average 4.5 cm
compressed breast.
3 Place the RMI 156 phantom on the Bucky in the same position as a
breast. The nipple indent marker should be positioned away from the
chest wall. Use a standard 18 x 24-cm or 24 x 30-cm compression
paddle.
4 Select the AEC detector under the wax portion of the phantom.
5 Make an exposure and process the exposed film. This image will
represent the imaging abilities of your machine using these clinical
factors.
6 If the image is over or under exposed, make a AEC adjustment and
repeat the exposure.
7 Once an acceptable image has been obtained, have one or more
viewers identify and record which objects are seen. Use a
magnifying glass to look for the structures as you would on a
patient’s mammogram. Use the phantom scoring procedure below
to score system performance.

8 Make another exposure using magnification table and score that

image.
9 Mark both films with the date, kV, mAs and their scores and file them
for future reference.
Image scoring with the RMI 156 phantom
Fig 6.3. RMI 156 phantom
Fibers Spec Masses

s
Number Size Points Number Size Points Number Size Points
1. 1.56 1 7. .54 1 12. 2.0 1
2. 1.12 1 8. .40 1 13. 1.0 1
3. .89 3 9. .32 6 14. .75 1
4. .75 5 10. .24 7 15. .50 7
5. .54 9 11. .16 10 16. .25 10
6. .40 10
As a minimum, the system shall image:
1 4 Fibers - 1, 2, 3, 4
2 3 Specs - 7, 8, 9
3 3 Masses - 12, 13, 14
To meet the ACR criteria the minimum acceptable score would the yield a
minimum score of 10 for fibers, 8 for specs and 3 for masses. Total score
would the be 21.
If your mammography unit is significantly worse, you may wish to check

the accuracy of the kVp, the focal spot size, the half value layer, and the
image processor, You could also consult a medical physicist or engineer
who specializes in diagnostic radiology.

6.1.4 Measurement of the feedback circuitry
CAUTION!
The readings from the following resistance measurements depend on the
probe polarity.
Fig 6.4. Measurement of the feedback circuitry
Remove the low voltage connector X33 from the HV-unit and measure on
the cable connector end the resistance between ground and pin X33/8
(This is the kV-feedback resistance on the INVERTER Board). It should be
20-45 kΩ. (If the power is ON, the value is 45 kohms).
If 0 kΩ check the cabling between the connector and the FILAMENT

CONTROL Board, and the cabling between FILAMENT CONTROL Board and
the INVERTER Board. If the reading is app. 20 kΩ, change the probe
polarity. Plug in connector X33.
CAUTION!
X36 is hot during power on.
Remove the connector X36 from the tube and measure on the cable
connector end the resistance between ground and pin X36/5 (this is the
mA feedback resistor on the FILAMENT CONTROL Board). It should be
about 115 Ω when small focus on and 30 Ω when large focus on. Plug in
connector X36.

NOTE!
mA feedback will read 30 Ω (large focus) only with power off.
6.1.5 kV, mAs and exposure time test
The measurement must be performed with a calibrated Unfors, RTI, PMX-

I/M or equivalent. The test is performed in the service mode. Select
manual mode.
Use no cassette holder at all when measuring the LF. The Synchro Bucky
feature interrupts the x-rays for 50ms at grid turnaround points. The
interruption may interfere with the measurement.
When measuring the SF, magnification tunnel should be used. Set the
parameters as shown in the table below and make the exposures.
Alternatively, the Physicist mode can be used.
kV mAs kV kV mAs kV
LF 23 300 28 125 35 63
SF 28 63 35 20
Fig 6.5. Parameters for small and large focuses
Record the kV, mAs and time reading after each exposure. The time
reading is to be compared with the Diamond control panel time display.
The maximum tolerances for kV, mAs and exposure time:
For kV ± 1.5 kV + internal acceptance limit (1kV)

For mAs ± 4 mAs for mAs values less than or equal to 40 mAs
± 10 % for mAs values greater than 40 mAs
Measure with scope the voltage from the MAFB TP21 and divide it by
resistance of 19.6Ω for large focus and by 78.4Ω for small focus.
For exposure ± ( 0.1 second + instrument inaccuracy - tube current

time reduced with small breast thickness)
6.2 AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE CONTROL EVALUATION

Test equipment needed:
– Sensitometer
– Densitometer
– Acrylic blocks
– Film & Cassette
1 Attach the Bucky device.
2 Enter into the service mode by pressing kV- and Den-buttons down
simultaneously for 3 seconds.

6.2.1 Quick AEC test
Testing procedure:
1 Attach the cassette holder.

2 Position an acrylic plate carefully so that it covers the AEC detector.
3 Select such a kV that will produce the clinically suitable optical
density at 4cm thickness.
4 Make an exposure using the Auto Time-mode.
5 Develop the film.
6 Measure the film density. If the density is not what you wish it to be,
reprogramming of AEC is recommended, but record (export) the
system settings before changing anything.
NOTE!
Carry out this test once a week.
6.2.2 Exporting and storing the system settings data
The system settings can be exported in hexadecimal format and can be

viewed and stored with Diamond Service Software (87502) or Windows
HyperTerminal. For HyperTerminal properties setting and about how to
capture, refer to chapter 4.3, Hyperterminal interface for Diamond.
6.2.3 Automatic AEC detector gain adjustment
In order to adjust the gain of each detector, follow these instructions:
1 Place about 40mm acrylic on the cassette holder. Use 28 kV and

Auto Time mode and make an exposure.
2 Enter the service mode and “AEC” from the program groups list. Then
select “8:Detector Adjustment” from the AEC list. Diamond compares
readings from other detectors and then calculates new factors for
them in relation to C1.
3 Answer now YES if you have followed the steps 1 and 2.
4 Scroll display and check that new gains seem reasonable.
5 Press Accept , if new gains are valid.
6 Finally, the program asks for confirmation on the system setting
changes.
After the setting, the values could be as in table below:
Det 0/ Det1/ Det2/ Det3/ Det4/ Det5/ Det6/ Det7/

L1 C1 R1 L2 C4 C3 C2 R2
Factor 0.98 1.00 0.98 0.98 0.82 0.93 1.03 0.98

CAUTION!
The AEC Gain ‘g’ parameter will affect all exposures regardless of used
filter or cassette holder. If you want to change this, change filter settings
in D:AEC/Optical Densities (PrD03).
6.2.4 Adjustment of an individual detector
Individual detectors of the Diamond AEC can be adjusted separately in

service program PrD02.
For example, if Det1 reading is 1600 and Det2 reading is 1400, then Det2
amplification must be changed: 1600 times 0.98 divided by 1400 = 1.12,
which after second exposure gives a Det2 reading of about 1570.
Note that above-mentioned detector factors are experimental results for

most film/screen/processor combinations. In order to verify these,
measure O.D. and adjust the gain for each detector separately. Especially
detector C4 may change because of the heel effect.
6.3 MECHANICAL CHECKS

Perform Planned Maintenance Inspection (PMI) annually. Refer to
Appendices-section in Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-IMG).
6.3.1 Compression system
The part of the equipment, which undergoes the most use is the
compression system, so it needs regular attention and treatment when
necessary. Spread some grease (MBDE or other high-quality grease) on
the compression driving axle and support joints. If the driving wheels are
noisy or the hand wheels difficult to rotate, we strongly recommend that
you remove the C-Arm and grease the inside of the compression system.
Check also the digital compression display according to the test described
in the Installation Instruction.
6.3.2 C-Arm rotation mechanism
C-Arm rotation mechanism checks are performed during PMI.
6.3.3 Column and carriage

1 Check all cables, especially the cables coming from the C-Arm. Check
also the counter weight wire condition.
2 Check that the carriage moves up and down smoothly. If necessary,
adjust the carriage and/or counterweight wheels.

6.3.4 Compression force check
Place a scale under the paddle and compress it like a breast using hand
wheels. The mechanical clutch should stop the compression movement
before the pressure reaches 250 N (55.1 lbs.). If the compression exceeds
this, adjust the clutch by rotating screw as instructed in chapter 7.3.13,
Adjustment of the mechanical compression limit. Rotate with 13 mm
wrench.
6.3.5 X-ray field alignment check

1 In the service mode, select the manual mode with 25 kV and 20 mAs.
2 Place a loaded cassette on top of the cassette holder so that the
cassette overhangs 20 mm on the chest wall edge of the holder.
20mm
ruler
cassette
Bucky
3 Mark the chest wall edge of the film with a ruler placed 20 mm back
from the chest wall edge of the film. (The ruler now shows the actual
chest wall edge).
4 Make an exposure and develop the film. The exposed area between
the ruler and the chest wall edge of the film must be less than 6 mm
and more than 1 mm in USA, less than 3 mm and more than 0 mm in
Europe. If you need to adjust the X-ray field, refer to chapter 7.4.1, X-
ray field adjustment for instructions.
5 Check separately for each cassette holder (small Bucky, large Bucky,
Magnification etc.).

6.3.6 X-ray field light alignment check
The x-ray field adjustment must be checked and aligned prior to the x-ray
field light alignment.
1 Place a loaded cassette in the holder.

2 Enter the service mode by pressing the kV- and density-buttons
simultaneously and holding them the service screen appears.
3 Select manual mode at 25 kV and 20 mAs.
4 Place a sheet of white paper on the cassette holder so that the light
field can be seen clearly.
5 Drive the tube head forward to turn on the field light.
6 Place some coins at the corners of the illuminated area on the
cassette holder.
7 Make an exposure and develop the film.
The coins outlined on the film should not be more than 5 mm out of the
exposed field and sum of misalignments on opposite sides not more than
10 mm. If the light field needs adjustment, refer to chapter 7.4.2, X-ray
field light alignment for instructions.
6.4 REGULAR MAINTENANCE PLANS

Refer to service agreement what kind of maintenance plan has been
ordered.
Daily maintenance plan

QA check.
Weekly maintenance plan

Check all compression paddles for any cracks or broken surfaces.
Quick AEC test
Monthly maintenance plan

Confirm that the exposure indicator light stays on for the length of the
exposure.
Confirm that the buzzer stays on for the length of the exposure.
Confirm that the exposure switch requires continuous pressing to
maintain the exposure and that releasing of the switch terminates the
exposure and that the timer display indicates “Rel”.
Inspect and confirm that all warning labels and embossed, painted or
other wearable labels have not been defaced or worn and that they are
legible.
Confirm that the ready light is on when various modes are selected. A
daily QA check is recommended. Software monitors the status of each
detector an prevents an exposure with a faulty detector.
Check that the carriage moves smoothly and in both directions.
Check that the compression force has not changed.
Check that the compression paddle drives up for approximately 5
seconds when the mains voltage is disconnected.

Monthly maintenance plan

Check that the C-Arm moves smoothly in all positions. Check that the
displayed angle corresponds to the selected angle. Also check that ±15°
motorized stereo angulation movement is functioning correctly.
Check that all buttons on the control panel are functioning and check
that all lights and display segments function immediately after turning
the main power on.
Place a 60 mm acrylic block on the cassette holder. Drive the
compression paddle down against the acrylic blocks. Check that the
thickness display indicates 6.0 cm. If not, call for service.
Switch on the x-ray field illumination light (46) and check that it covers
the imaging area.
Pay attention to any strange sounds that your unit may make inform
your service technician about these immediately. if you have any doubts
about the correct safe operation of the unit, switch it off and do not use it
until you can it checked by a GE Healthcare-approved Service
Technician.
Check that Tube Park moves smoothly and stops at exact, correct
position.
Verify that all electronically controled movements (vertical, c-arm
rotation, compression) are disabled when emergency button is pressed
down. All motorized movements should stop. Release the emergency
stop button, switch on the unit once again and then repeat the test using
the emergency stop button on the opposite side of the unit. Finally, verify
that normal operation of the unit is restored once the button is back in
normal position.
Annual maintenance plan

Once a year Procedure/Section in Diamond
Installation Instructions (86501-IMG)
kV/mAs/preheat tests Perform tests 7.2.10.
X-ray and light fields Perform tests 7.2.2. and 7.2.3.
AEC adjustment Perform test 7.3.1.
Safety ground Verify that the metal parts of the unit are
connected to protective ground.
Oil leaks Check that the high voltage unit and the
tube housing do not leak oil.
Anode run voltage Perform test 6.3.
Compression force Perform test 7.2.8.
Interlock system Check that exposures are inhibited if
cassette holder or the cassette is not
installed. Check the error codes.
Clean the High Voltage Connections and grease with clean grease for
example DowCorning #4.
Lubricate the counterweight wires with a light coat of “STP” or “CRC”. Do
not apply de-greasers or cleaners. Replace if broken strands are found.
Recommended wire replacement interval is 5 years.
Tighten ground connections. Inspect crimps, connections and cables for
wear or breakage.
Check for the operation of the C-Arm gear. Lubricate, if necessary.

Annual maintenance plan

Once a year Procedure/Section in Diamond
Check the collimator, filter mechanism and movement.
Check the stereo drive mechanism.
Check Tube Park alignment.
Update the tube efficiency software parameters.
Remove debris from the cassette loading mechanism and lubricate it.
Remove dust from the fan.
Exposure Reproducibility (mR/mAs)
Focal Spot
If the unit is been used very much, apply grease (for example, Optimal
HT2EP Optitemp(®) to lubrication tip of the C-Arm rotation system. If the
unit is been used less, then lubricate every two years.
Perform Planned Maintenance Inspection (PMI). Refer to Appendices-
section in Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-IMG).

7 Repair instructions
7.1 COLUMN REPAIR
CAUTION!
During work around the column, be careful not to drop any parts into it.
WARNING!
The counterweight is heavy. Be careful when handling it or the column to
avoid any injuries to the back or other parts of the body.
WARNING!
Do not place your hands inside the column while moving the carriage.
Serious injury may occur.
7.1.1 C-Arm movement friction adjustment

1 Remove the plastic cover.
2 Adjust the 13mm screw with extended hex pin tool. Check that the
clutch slips when the C-arm is pressed down with a 50 kg load and
holds steady when pressed down with 30 kg load.
3 Attach the plastic cover back.

7.1.2 Preparing the carriage and counterweight
WARNING!
Read caution and warning-texts in Chapter 7.1, Column repair.
1 Check that there is enough space for counterweight tile removal

between the wall and the column. Move the unit, if necessary.
2 Insert an assembly pin through a hole in lower end of the column (A
in an image below). Some columns may have two holes. In this case,
insert the assembly pin through the lower one. Make sure the bolt
passes through the column and that the carriage can rest on the pin
on both sides of the column.
CAUTION!
If the C-arm and the carriage are in uppermost position and the assembly
pin is inserted, then it obstructs movement of the counterweight cage and
this causes stress to the counterweight wires. Before inserting the pin,
drive the carriage towards the base plate about 50 cm/20” or halfway the
column.
3 Drive the carriage towards to the pin until the whole weight rests on
the pin.
4 Remove counterweight tiles. Read Diamond Installation Instructions

(86501-IMG), section Insertion of the counterweight tiles to gain an
overview how the counterweight cage and tiles are installed during
unit installation. The same procedure may be applied here in reverse
order.
5 Lift up the counterweight cage so that the wires loosen up.

A 6 Option A (recommended):
1) Insert a long and at least 5 mm thick bolt through the opening.
2) Add a nut at the other end.
3) Roll the nut a couple of times, but not more in order to prevent
scratches on painted column surface.
Option B (if option A not possible): Insert a screwdriver (at least 5
mm thick) through the upper part of the column to keep the cage in
up position.
7 Unwind bolts (on both sides of the carriage) that secure the
counterweight wires to the carriage.
B
WARNING!
After this point, the counterweight cage rests only on the bolt or the
screwdriver. Do not enter any body parts in the counterweight opening.
CAUTION!
Release the wires carefully so that parts would not drop down to the
column opening behind the wire. Pieces in the opening may seriously
affect the movement of the carriage.
8 Examine how the counterweight wire is secured to the carriage.

Disconnect the wire from the carriage.
7.1.3 Replacement of the Z-motor

1 Prepare the carriage as instructed in chapter 7.1.2, Preparing the
carriage and counterweight.
2 Place a steady ladder next to the column and climb up to access
column cap bolts.

3 Open up bolts that hold column cap. Then pull it up gently.

Disconnect motor cable.
4 Open up these screws and replace the Z-motor.
5 Connect the motor cable. Place the column cap back. Check the
alignment by running the motor with slack wires before securing the
cap assembly.
6 Secure the column cap bolts.
7 Proceed to section 7.1.6, Reassembly procedures to attach
counterweight wires to the C-arm carriage and tiles as well as
remove the assembly pin.
7.1.4 Column cap replacement
WARNING!
At any step of this process, do not let the counterweight cage drop down.
Damage to the system may result.
Diamond counterweight cage design has changed once. For current

design (image A) instructions, proceed to chapter 7.1.4.1, Column cap
replacement, current counterweight cage design. For old design (image B)
instructions, proceed to chapter 7.1.4.2, Column cap replacement, old
counterweight cage design.
B
A

7.1.4.1 Column cap replacement, current counterweight cage

design
NOTE!
Have someone assist you and hold the empty counterweight cage later
on during the process.
1 Prepare the carriage as instructed chapter 7.1.2, Preparing the

2 Obtain a piece of 2” x 4” construction-grade hardwood (preferably
50 cm/20“ long) to support counterweight cage. You may use also a
large screwdriver with soft rubber-like handle surface (to prevent
sliding) can also be used. Place either of these close to you so that
you can reach them while holding the cage with one hand.
3 Release and remove a plastic lock piece a bit so that the pin can be
pulled out later on. Do not drop the plastic piece into the column.
4 If you used a long bolt and a nut to hold the counterweight cage in
up position, then unwind the nut, but leave the long bolt in place.
5 Lift up the counterweight cage with hand and hold it while you
remove the long bolt or the screwdriver.
6 Lower down until a counterweight cage warning pin is level with a
small hole in the column (lower of these two visible in the image).
Keep holding the cage with hand.
7 Pull the pin out while holding the cage.

8 Place a piece of hardwood mentioned above or a screwdriver

between the edge of the column opening and the rim of the cage.
Lay the cage to rest on either hardwood or the screwdriver.
WARNING!
If you decide to use the screwdriver, bear in mind that the cage slides
down more and this leaves less space for fingers when the cage is
lowered down.
CAUTION!
If you use a screwdriver, place it so that the cage rim will rest on rubber-
like part of the handle to prevent the cage from sliding along the metal
part of the screwdriver and dropping down to the bottom of the column.
9 Check that the piece of wood or the screwdriver holds the cage
steady.
10 Release bolts and remove cover. Then remove wire loop.

column cap bolts.

12 Unwind column cap bolts.
13 Pull the old column cap carefully out a bit. Disconnect motor cable.
14 Place the column cap on a table.
15 Bend a wire end on either side of the metal block, then slide the block
further so that the wire crimp comes out. Then you are able pull the
wire out of the metal block.
16 Follow instructions in chapter 7.1.5.1, Current counterweight cage

design, step 8 for further procedures.
7.1.4.2 Column cap replacement, old counterweight cage design

1 Prepare the carriage as instructed chapter 7.1.2, Preparing the
2 Obtain a piece of 2” x 4” construction-grade hardwood (preferably
50 cm/20“ long) to support counterweight cage. You may use also a
large screwdriver with soft rubber-like handle surface (to prevent
sliding) can also be used. Place either of these close to you so that
you can reach them while holding the cage with one hand.
3 If you used a long bolt and a nut to hold the counterweight cage in
up position, then unwind the nut, but leave the long bolt in place.
4 Lift up the counterweight cage with hand and hold it while you
remove the long bolt or the screwdriver.
5 Place a piece of hardwood mentioned above or a screwdriver
between the edge of the column opening and the rim of the cage.
Lower the cage to rest on either of these two.
WARNING!
If you decide to use the screwdriver, bear in mind that the cage slides
down more and this leaves less space for fingers when the cage is
lowered down.

CAUTION!
If you use a screwdriver, place it so that the cage rim will rest on rubber-
like part of the handle to prevent the cage from sliding along the metal
part of the screwdriver and dropping down to the bottom of the column.
6 Lower the cage to rest on the piece of wood or the screwdriver.

7 Check that the piece of wood or the screwdriver holds the cage
steady.
8 Release bolts.

column cap bolts.
10 Unwind column cap bolts.
11 Pull the old column cap out. Disconnect motor cable.
12 Place the column cap on a table.

13 Release and remove the plastic piece and pull the warning pin out.
14 Bend a wire end on either side of the metal block, then slide the block
further so that the wire crimp comes out. Then you are able pull the
wire out of the metal block.
15 Follow instructions in chapter 7.1.5.2, Old counterweight cage design,

step 8 and further.
7.1.5 Replacement of the counterweight wires

7.1.5.1 Current counterweight cage design
1 Perform steps 1-15 in chapter 7.1.4.1, Column cap replacement,
current counterweight cage design.
2 Place the column cap with counterweight wires on a table.
3 Open up these screws and remove the Z-motor.

4 Open up a bolt and a nut indicated by arrows.
5 Remove the bolt and axle. Pay attention to sleeves and bearings so
that you can place them back later on. Remove the rollers. Pull the
counterweight wire out.
6 Place this old wire somewhere that it will not get mixed with the new
wire.
7 Insert the new wire into the block. Then slide the wire crimp into the
block. Bend both wire ends.
WARNING!
In case one of the counterweight wires breaks up, the remaining wire pulls
the warning pin to the other side and it starts to scratch the column. This
is an audible warning signal for wire replacement. It is critical that the wire
ends have been bent on both sides of the metal block and the plastic lock
piece secured. If this not the case and the wire breaks up, then there is no
force or not sufficient force to scratch the column with the warning pin.

8 Lay the new wire in place, install the rollers and secure them.
B
A
B B

9 Reinstall the motor.
10 Place the counterweight wire lock crimp between the rollers.

11 Place the column cap back on, but do not secure it yet. Plug in the
motor cable. Alternatively, motor cable can be plugged first and then
the column cap be placed on.
12 When the column cap is in place, pull the wire lock crimp down
towards the counterweight.

13 Check that the wires are not tangled.
14 Lay the wire loop out evenly on the top part of the counterweight
cage. The opening for the plastic lock piece must be this way.
15 Add cover plate and secure it a bit with two screws and two bolts.
Place sleeves underneath the bolts (arrows). Pull the wires a bit
towards the column top to remove slack. Then secure the cover.
16 Lift the counterweight cage with hand so that you are able to insert
the warning through an opening in the column. The pin must pass
through tight opening of the metal block and the wire crimp will likely
hinder this movement.
WARNING!
Have someone hold the counterweight cage while you insert the pin and
wobble the metal block with pliers.

17 Align the warning pin at equal distances from column surface. Also,
align the metal block in the middle of the opening. Then secure the
plastic lock piece, but do not break it.
18 Secure column cap bolts. Proceed to chapter 7.1.6, Reassembly

procedures to further procedures.

7.1.5.2 Old counterweight cage design

1 Perform steps 1-14 in chapter 7.1.4.2, Column cap replacement, old
counterweight cage design.
2 Place the column cap with counterweight wires on a table.
3 Open up these screws and remove the Z-motor.
4 Open up a bolt and a nut indicated by arrows.
5 Remove the bolt and axle. Pay attention to sleeves and bearings so
that you can place them back later on. Remove the rollers. Pull the
counterweight wire out.
6 Place this old wire somewhere that it will not get mixed with the new
wire.

7 Insert the new wire into the block. Then slide the wire crimp into the
block. Bend both wire ends.
WARNING!
In case one of the counterweight wires breaks up, the remaining wire pulls
the warning pin to the other side and it starts to scratch the column. This
is an audible warning signal for wire replacement. It is critical that the wire
ends have been bent on both sides of the metal block and the plastic lock
piece secured. If this not the case and the wire breaks up, then there is no
force or not sufficient force to scratch the column with the warning pin.
8 Lay the new wire in place between the rollers, install the rollers and
secure them.

B B
9 Reinstall the motor.
10 Place the column cap back on, but do not secure it yet. Plug in the
motor cable. Alternatively, motor cable can be plugged first and then
the column cap be placed on.
11 Attach the column cap back on.

12 When the column cap is in place, pull the wire lock crimp down
towards the counterweight.
13 Insert the warning pin and and the plastic lock piece. Do not secure it
yet, just enough so that it will not drop down the column during the
process. The pin can be attached also in the counterweight opening.
14 Lay the wire loop out evenly on the top part of the counterweight
cage.
15 Add cover plate. Secure three bolts a bit. Pull the wire out a bit to
remove slack.
16 Align the warning pin at equal distances from column surface. Also,
align the metal block in the middle of the opening. Then secure the
plastic lock piece, but do not break it.
17 Secure column cap bolts and proceed to chapter 7.1.6, Reassembly
procedures for further procedures.

7.1.6 Reassembly procedures

1 Secure the counterweight wires to the carriage (on both sides of the
carriage).
CAUTION!
Attach and secure the wires carefully so that parts would not drop down
to the column opening behind the wire. Pieces in the opening may
seriously affect the movement of the carriage.
2 Lift counterweight cage a bit upwards with hand and hold it there.
3 Do not let the cage drop down and cause potential damage to the
wires. Support the cage with your hand and remove the long bolt or
the screwdriver holding the cage in up position. Lower the cage
smoothly until the wires start to bear its weight.
4 Load counterweight tiles into the counterweight cage as described in
Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-IMG), section Insertion of
the counterweight tiles.
5 Drive the c-arm a bit upwards in order to release weight on the pin.
6 Remove the pin.

7 Now that the counterweight is heavy, the wires are tight. Check
alignment of the counterweight cage warning pin. As both wires are
intact now, it should not scratch the column.
8 Attach cover plate to the counterweight opening.

7.2 ELECTRICAL BOARD AND MAINS TRANSFORMER

LOCATIONS
The location of Diamond boards is indicated in the image below. If you

replace EPROM chips, use microchip extractor tool.
Board code Board name Image symbol

32305 AMD Board B
34054 X-ray tube, M113SP L
81017 HV unit K
85001 AEC Board A
85003 Generator Board G
85009 Collimator Board C
85011 Drive Board F
85013 Stereo Board I
85020 Power Board H
85022 Compression Board D
85024 Compression Display Board E
85078 Supervisor Board J
85065 Csense Board M
85090 Casopto Board N
85069 Control Panel Board O
85032 Collimator Sense Board P

7.2.1 Replacement of Power, Supervisor and Generator

Boards
NOTE!
If you replace the Supervisor Board, all parameters must be updated to
the Supervisor Board. The optional Diamond Service Software (87502) is
the best tool for this procedure.
1 Unplug the mains cord.

2 Remove the side covers.
3 Disconnect all cables from each board.
4 Remove the plastic nuts from the corners of each board, and replace
the board.
5 Check kV, mA and preheat. Refer to chapter 6.1.5, kV, mAs and
exposure time test.
7.2.2 Replacement of the AMD Board

1 Unplug the mains cord.
2 Remove the upper cover of the tube head and disconnect all cables
leading to the anode motor drive board.
3 Replace the board, reconnect all cables, and check the assembly.
4 Check the run voltage (refer to Check items in Diamond Installation
Instructions (86501-IMG)).
7.2.3 Replacement of Control Panel Board

1 Open up the screws at the back of the Diamond Control Panel.
2 Gently separate the front and rear pieces of the Control Panel
3 Disconnect all cables leading to the Control Panel Board.
4 Replace the Control Panel Board. Connect cables back.
5 Attach the front and rear parts back together and secure with
screws.

7.2.4 Replacement of the Compression Board or Compression

Display Board
1 Open up four screws at the bottom part of the Position Control
Center
2 Gently separate the top and bottom parts

3 Replace the Compression Board or Compression Display Board.
4 Attach the top and bottom parts back together and secure with
screws.
7.2.5 Replacement of the mains transformer

1 Remove the power supply plug.
2 Remove the side covers.
3 Remove all cables connected to the transformer, the nut and cover
plate on the transformer.
4 Replace it with a new one. Plug in cables.

5 Check cables and connections carefully.
6 Attach back the side covers.
7 Plug in the power supply plug.

7.3 C-ARM REPAIR

7.3.1 Removal and assembly of the Diamond covers
For removal of the covers, perform the installation process in reverse

order. Start the removal process with the right cover, because the
emergency stop cable is attached to the right side of the C-Arm carriage.
7.3.2 Installation of the tube head covers

7.3.2.1 Optoswitch check
Check that ParkBack optoswitches are intact. ParkBack movement is

detrimentally affected if any of those is bent.
Location Function
Left front (A) Slowdown
Left rear (B) Slowdown
Right front (C) Stop
Right rear (D) Stop
A B
C D
7.3.2.2 Finger protection sheets
For protection of the user’s fingers, Diamond has sliding sheets on both
sides of the unit to close up the opening caused by the ParkBack
movement. The plastic sheet slides along the plastic rail groove.
Fig 7.1. Finger protection sheet

NOTE!
If you need remove the tube cover and then install them back, make sure
the finger protection sheets slide in smoothly and evenly so that they are
not tangled up.
7.3.2.3 Installation of the finger protection sheets

1 Secure the sheets to locations on both sides on front end and the
rear of the unit (indicated by images below).
2 In order to facilitate the process, drive

the tube head forward to attach the
front-end finger protection sheets
and backward to attach the rear end
sheets.

7.3.3 Installation of the lower front end of the tube head

cover
1 Slide the finger protection sheets into the groove on both sides of the
lower front end of the tube head cover.
2 Push the sheets forward and pay attention that the sheets slide
smoothly along the plastic rails.
3 Secure the tube head cover with two screws.
7.3.3.1 Installation of the rear end of the tube head cover

1 Slide the in the finger protection sheets into the grooves on both
sides.

2 Gently lay the rear end cover in its place.
CAUTION!
Be very careful with the optos. With rough handling, there is a high risk of
damaging the optos.
3 Check that the sheets align up as in image below.
4 Secure screws below.

5 Finally, secure the back screws.
7.3.3.2 Attaching top tube head cover

1 Attach the cord. Plug it in so that the metal pin plates face outward,
towards the serviceman. Be careful that the cord would get wrinkled
between the X-ray tube and the tube head cover.
B
B
A
A
CAUTION!
If the connector is attached the wrong way, not only the buttons will not
work, but also the system is at risk of getting damaged.

2 Lower the rear end of the top cover (A). Then, lay down the front part
smoothly on the lower cover (aligns between the align piece and the
edge of the top cover (B)). Check that top cover lies smoothly (C)
before securing it.
3 Secure the top cover with a hex pin driver. If the screw holes of the
top tube head do not match with the support inside the cover around
the X-ray tube (e.g. if something has bent the support), lift up the top
cover and adjust the support so that the holes align again.
7.3.4 Left side cover

1 Align the left side cover with the carriage and attach it with screws.
2 Secure the frame.

7.3.5 Right clam shell cover
WARNING!
Remember to unplug the override piece when you finish with the system
checking.
1 Connect the emergency stop cable coming from the left clam shell to
the one on the right clam shell. Make sure that the cable is well in
place and during movement such as the ECS, does not get caught in
any of the mechanical parts of the system.
2 Plug the emergency stop cable into the X15 on Power Board. Push it
in all the way until it locks up.
NOTE!
Mechanical wear transforms the structure of the grease used in C-Arm
rotation system to slightly more liquid and this physical phenomenon
may produce an oil drip inside, on the bottom of the clam shell. Although
this drip does not affect the operation of the unit, the right clam shell
contains a patch that captures the drip.

3 Align openings of the clam shell with the carriage and secure it.
4 Secure the clam shells at the top.
7.3.6 Replacement of handles

1 Open up screws to remove the handle in use.

2 Attach the handle bar in place.
3 Secure the handle bar with the screws.
7.3.7 Replacement of the vertical drive control switch

1 Remove the Position Control Center cover as instructed in chapter
7.3.13, Adjustment of the mechanical compression limit.
2 Gently separate cover and bottom part of the Position Control
Center.
3 Inside the cover, open the screws that hold the vertical switch
secured.
4 Replace the switch and secure it with screws.
5 Attach cover and bottom part back together. Secure with screws.
7.3.8 Replacement of the x-ray tube

1 Remove the tube head covers.
2 Disconnect the plugs of the tube.
3 Mark with a pencil the original position of the tube head in relation to
the collimator. If the new tube is mounted the same way as the old
one, you save quite a lot of alignment work.

4 Unplug these cables and ground wire (attached to the high voltage
unit).
5 Release four bolts that fix the tube to the collimator.
6 Replace the tube and secure it with the four bolts. Then attach cables
and ground wire.
7 Check kV regulation. Refer to Diamond Installation Instructions
(86501-IMG).
8 Check preheat values for every kV. Refer to Diamond Installation
Instructions (86501-IMG).
9 Check AEC calibration.
10 Check collimation of the X-ray field and the X-ray light field as
instructed in chapter 6.3.6, X-ray field light alignment check. Adjust, if
necessary.
7.3.9 High voltage unit replacement

1 Disconnect the ground wires and the plugs of the high voltage unit,
and loosen the four screws, two on each side of the unit.
2 After replacement, check the assembly and the ground cables
carefully.
3 Re-calibrate AEC. Refer to Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-
IMG) for AEC adjustment instructions.
4 Readjust the generator kVs again. Refer to chapter 6.1.5, kV, mAs and
exposure time test.

7.3.10 Compression system replacement

1 Remove C-Arm side covers.
2 Drive the stereo arm to approximately 10° angle to either side. Then
drive the C-Arm in 180° position (upside down).
WARNING!
When compression system is being replaced, there is a risk of unwanted
C-arm movement. In order to prevent this, it is crucial to drive the C-arm
to 180° position (upside down, tube head towards the base place).
3 Release three bolts connecting the compression system to the stereo

arm.

In order to reach all screws, use a ball-headed Allen key for this
procedure.
4 When the bolts have been released, push the stereo arm further so
that the stereo arm base rises enough to let the compression system
piece slide off.
5 Open up six bolts that connect the compression system to the c-arm.
6 Disconnect cables and slide the compression system out and

perform necessary service procedures.
7 Follow previous steps in reverse order to reinstall the compression
system.
8 Finally, drive the stereo and C-Arm to 0° angle.
Alternative method (requires external power source and another

person to help support the mechanism)
The compression system is mounted to the stereomechanism only with a

block (dotted rounded square in lower right corner) that secures the rod.
Ellipse with square fill in the middle is part of the stereo motor mechanism.
The rod is mounted to cast compression block by spreading the groove (A)
and then securing with two bolts (B). This is the only connection between
these two. Stereo motor drives cast iron piece, because the compression
is secured to the carriage with six bolts that are visible in the image at
step 5 above (chapter 7.3.10, Compression system replacement).
A
1 Drive ECS up.
2 Remove side plates, Position Control Center cover and stereo
mechanism cover.
B

3 Remove Stereo Board at least partially, because you need to pull

plugs X4, X10, X22 and X17 from behind it.
4 After this, open the C-arm bottom service cover.
5 Remove Drive Board.
6 Detach also other necessary plugs also in the bottom section (a few
plugs at the AEC Board and some other plugs).
7 Remove cast iron lower part (4 bolts, lower desk comes off also).
8 Loosen two bolts (B in the above image).
9 Push spline (for example a large screwdriver) into the groove (A) so
that it spreads a bit.
10 Have someone support the compression mechanism.
11 Release six bolts that that secure the compression mechanism to the
carriage/C-arm drive.
12 Pull the compression mechanism out. Be careful that the stereo flag
will not harm middle stereo optoswitches. If necessary, you can bring
the compression hat, to which the flag is secured, as much forward
as possible.
13 Install a new compression mechanism (steps 8-12 in reverse order),
squeeze its cables to the Stereo Board and adjust the stereo flag in at
proper place.
14 Rotate the C-arm (without the lower part at this stage) upwards with
an external power source.
15 Install the Stereo Board in place. Plug in the cables. Slots X13, X9 and
X1 are not in use. Extra cable length can be placed underneath the
lower desk with more available space.
16 Rotate the C-arm with the external power source back upside down.
17 Install cast iron lower part back (4 bolts, lower desk comes off also).
18 Plug in all necessary plugs also in the bottom section (a few plugs at
the AEC Board and some other plugs).
19 Install Position Control Center cover back on.
20 Switch on the Diamond power and drive carefully various
movements and check that the cables are not cramped within
moving mechanical parts.
21 Attach the side plates, the stereo cover and the service cover of the
C-arm bottom.
22 Adjust and calibrate the new compression (chapter 7.5, Compression
adjustment and 7.6, Negative compression force calibration .
7.3.11 Replacement of the compression motor
In order to replace the compression motor, the compression system has

to detached as instructed in chapter 7.3.10, Compression system
replacement. Then proceed to following steps:
1 Drive the stereo arm to approximately 10° angle to either side. Then
drive the C-Arm in 180° position (upside down).

2 Remove flag (A) to avoid damage (such would likely result if the
compression system cap would rest on the flag). Open two screws (B)
to detach the compression system cap.
B
B
3 Release three bolts that attach the motor to the compression

system.

4 Pull the motor assembly out, it will look like this.
5 Loosen up the worm drive clip and slide it towards the motor so that
the parts around tacho meter come off.
6 The tachometer is fixed to the motor axle with a screw. Open the
screw and detach the tachometer disc.
Inserting a new motor

7 Replace the old motor with a new one.
8 Attach the tachometer disc to the motor axle with a screw.
9 Assemble the rest of the tachometer parts so that it will look like this:

10 Fix the motor with three bolts that were released in step 2.
11 Reattach the compression system cap that was detached in step 1.
12 Attach the compression system back to the stereo arm as instructed
in chapter 7.3.10, Compression system replacement.
13 Replacement of the compression thickness measurement system
The compression thickness is measured with a special tape that is read by

two sensors (front and rear sensor).
Replacement of the front sensor

1 Open up two screws
2 Solder the cable off from the old sensor
3 Remove the sensor
4 Solder the cable to a new sensor

5 Lay a new sensor in place

6 Tighten up the two screws
Replacement of the rear sensor

1 Drive the stereo arm so that an opening marked in the picture
becomes visible.
2 Open the rear sensor lock screws through the hole.

3 Solder the cable off from the old sensor.
4 Remove the sensor.
5 Solder the cable to a new sensor.
6 Lay a new sensor in place.
7 Tighten up the lock screws.
8 Drive the stereo back to 0° angle.

7.3.12 Adjustment of the compression mechanism belt
The compression belt should bend about 1cm, when pressed with finger. If
not, adjust the belt.
1 Open up the lock screw (A).
2 Adjust belt tightness (B, underneath the motor).

3 Tighten up the lock screw (A) to fix belt tightness.

7.3.13 Adjustment of the mechanical compression limit

1 Open the four screws to remove the compression arm cover.
2 If the mechanical limit releases with too low compression force,

tighten the mechanical clutch adjustment nut with a 13mm wrench.
If the compression allows to apply too much force, loosen the nut.
Set the limit at 250N.
3 Attach the cover back in its place.

7.3.14 Replacement of the C-Arm motor

1 Remove Generator Board.
2 Open up screws that hold C-Arm motor assembly (A). If more space is
necessary, remove Supervisor Board.
3 Check if there is slack between clutch joint (B) and the axle (C). If there
is no slack, then just pull off the C-Arm motor assembly. If there is
slack, then loosen screw D and pull the assembly off.
F
B B E
D
C C
4 Insert the new C-Arm motor assembly and secure it with screws (A). If
there was no slack between B and C, then the old B remains in place.
In this case, remove B from the new C-Arm motor assembly (leave
rubber part E with clutch joint F) and insert the new assembly and
secure with screws (A).
5 Attach Supervisor Board back.
exposure time test.

7.3.15 Replacement of ECS mechanism/ECS motor
12 In order to replace the ECS system, perform steps 1-11. In order to change
the ECS motor, perform all steps.
NOTE!
Have someone assist you in lifting the C-arm later on the process.
1 Drive ECS half way and then lock up the counterweight with the C-
Arm assembly pin.
3
2 Remove Stereo Board cover (1) and side covers (2).
3 Then cut the wrap tie and
push the cable tubes (3)
upward so that you get more
maneuverability for the C-
Arm rest.
4 Prepare a steady place right
next to the unit where the C-
Arm can rest while you
change the ECS-motor.
5 Unplug X2 and X15 from
Stereo Board. Then, gently
pull the X15 cable out a bit.
6 Remove topscrew (A). Loosen up others (B, C). Perform this on both
sides.

7 Lift the C-Arm a bit upwards and

pull it out very gently because the
Delta 32 cable is located inside
the C-Arm tube. Have someone
help in lifting the C-arm.
CAUTION!
Be careful not to exert sudden or strong pulling force on Delta 32 cable.
8 Lay the C-Arm on some steady surface that is very close to the unit.
9 Open up these 8 screws.
10
10 Open up these two screws on both sides.
11 Hold steady the wheel marked with dotted line and lift up the motor.
12 Open up motor screws.
11

13 Replace the old motor with a new one. Secure the motor to the plate.
14 Repeat steps 4-13 in reverse order. At step 12, make sure that the
belt is tight enough to bear stress without jumping over. Apply some
grease to the trapezoidal shaft (for example, Optimal HT2EP
Optitemp®).
exposure time test.
16 Attach covers back on.
7.4 OTHER ADJUSTMENTS OR REPLACEMENTS

7.4.1 X-ray field adjustment
The Diamond units with S/N 20193 and up are delivered with the new
single-screw collimator version. The older units are equipped with a dual-
screw collimator version.
Old dual-screw collimator
The smaller Allen screws (B) act as "push" adjusters. In other words, as
you turn the screw clockwise it "pushes" the collimator back toward you.
The larger setscrew & nut combination (A) act as hanger & locking
hardware. The collimator box hangs on the setscrews and is locked with
pressure from opposite sides by the nuts.
Old S/N20000 - 20192 New 20193 and up
Tighten nut to hold

collimator in place
Tube Mount Frame

(fixed)
Turn CW to move
collimator left
Collimator Sidewall
(moveable) Single-Screw Design
Collimator Mount
Cut-Away View of Left Sidewall
Before you can "push" the collimator box back toward you (tighten the
adjuster), you have to loosen the locknuts on the same side and loosen
the push adjusters on the opposite side.

If the Left/Right movement hangs, check for drag from the setscrew/nut
at the front of the collimator box (front/back adjuster); loosen the nuts
slightly.
Things to check that might limit the range of motion:
– adjusters or locknuts are not loose enough

– drag coming from Forward/Backward adjusters
– interference between step-motors and brackets, chassis, cable
– harness, opto board, mirror solenoid, linkage, etc.
– free space between tube mounting frame (fixed) and the inside
wall of the collimator box (moveable)
– the Left-Right length of the slotted holes for the front/back
adjusters
NOTE!
Remember to check mirror solenoid operation after moving the collimator
box because the solenoid coil does not move with it (it is mounted to the
chassis).
New single-screw collimator
The setscrew has a shoulder-cut that steps from a larger dia, which is
threaded into the tube mount frame, to a smaller dia, which protrudes
through the col box and accepts the locknut. The push adjusters are
eliminated (except for one left over to hold the mirror spring).
The basic alignment of any x-ray equipment involves 2 steps, align the
light field to the x-ray beam and then use the light to center the x-ray
beam on the receptor. Finally, you take exposures showing the lite vs
beam alignment and beam vs film alignment.
If the beam is not centered on the bucky, you can decrease the side plate
values until the patient left side plate is at the film edge in order to hide
the offset. This puts the x-ray far over the patient right side of the bucky.
Adjustment of the x-ray field

1 Adjustment screw regulates the front edge of x-ray field.
2 Collimator rear plate and side plates regulate side and rear edges of
the x-ray field. Refer to chapter 4.2.6, F: Collimator and readjust the
values for step motor movements.

3 The arrowed bolts in images below allow mechanical adjustment

sideways, if necessary.
4 Check the X-ray field alignment as instructed in chapter 6.3.5, X-ray

field alignment check. Re-adjust, if necessary.
5 Check that mirror operates correct. As mirror is secured to the tube
head body, collimator movement may affect the mirror function.
7.4.2 X-ray field light alignment
The light field can be adjusted with two screws at the collimator lamp lid.
Fig 7.2. Collimator light field alignment screws.

The light field may also be adjusted at the solenoid stop (A). If you opt to
do this, be careful not to disturb the operation of the solenoid (if it is, try to
adjust solenoid position with adjustment screws (B)). After adjustment,
check the X-ray field light alignment as instructed in chapter 6.3.6, X-ray
field light alignment check.
Illumination adjustment
The voltage for the field light can be measured at conductor stands
(indicated by arrows in the image below). The voltage can regulated in
service program PrF03. Set voltage at approximately 10 volts.
NOTE!
Values 0 - 10 in the service program PrF03 do not indicate volts. These just
steps to regulate the voltage.
7.4.3 Replacement of the light field bulb
For instructions to change the light field bulb, refer to Replacement of the
light field bulb in Diamond Operation Instructions (86500-IMG).

7.4.4 Tube head movement and torque adjustment
Exact exposure position of the tube head (tube park stop) may be
adjusted with the nut (A) and the torque of the movement with bolt (B). Set
the torque at about 50-60N.
7.4.5 Tube head belt check

1 Check with a thumb and a forefinger if the tube belt is tight enough. If
not, proceed to next step.
2 Release the lock nut.

3 Tighten the eccentric nut until the belt is tight enough.
4 Secure the lock nut.
7.4.6 Grid alignment
The grid is aligned at the factory and should normally not be adjusted at
the site. If adjustment and/or alignment is necessary, however, follow the
instructions below.
1 Remove the carbon fiber cover on the Bucky. In the small Bucky the
grid should be at the bottom of the grid drive block groove and
fastened with four setscrews. In the large Bucky the grid should be
fastened only with two setscrews and aligned by the two rear set
screws.
2 Check that the grid is correctly centered. The line on the grid is
aligned with imaginary dashed line (A).

3 Install the Bucky and check that the grid does not touch the side lips
of the Bucky (B). Check also that the grid is aligned parallel to the side
lips (C).
NOTE!
If the grid must be removed for some reason, install it back exactly the
same way as before. Check for screw marks.
4 If the intermittent movement of the grid reaches one of the side lips,
remove the Diamond c-arm bottom cover.

5 Loosen two screws (marked in the picture below).
6 Slide the grid system to the opposite direction from the side lip.
7 After the adjustment, tighten up the screws and check the
movement. Before initiating the exposure, attach the service
diaphragm. For exposure, use manual mode and set for example
20kV and 200mAs.
If the problem persists, readjust. If not, attach the bottom cover.
8 When the Bucky is installed, the grid system drives to home position.
Check that the grid system movement is not blocked by the edges of
the opening.
7.4.7 Grid movement mechanism check
The first grid movement from left to right takes up about 670-820ms. The
rest of the movements take up about 3070-3260ms. Exposure stops for
150ms when grid switches the direction of movement. If grid lines appear,
check that the wheels that connect the motor to the grid are correctly
aligned and secured.
1 Remove Bucky and plastic cover (held by eight screws). Then open
up four screws that hold the cassette holder table.

2 Gently pull the cassette holder table out a bit. You may need to
unplug cables CX92, CX93, CX96-98, CASX1, CAS, DRX5, DRVX1, GRID,
AECX2 (near AEC detectors) and AECX3 (near AEC detectors). In order
to reach some of the cables, remove the bottom cover.
3 Connection wheels (A) should rotate without obstructions, not be

misaligned, loose or too close to the grid mechanism frame or the
opto flag sensor cable. If they are, loosen up screws that fix the
wheels to motor axis and grid shaft. Then slide them a bit towards to
the motor. Tighten screws a bit to test the rotation. If the wheels
rotate OK, secure the screws.
A B
4 Press inwards the pin that moves the grid. It should slide in and out
smoothly. The pin should protrude the frame by 4mm (C). Check also
that the pin is tightened up all the way (D). Hold the pin between
fingers and slide the mechanism to left and right to sense any slack.
C D

5 Drive the mechanism to extreme positions and check that the opto
flag sensor does not disturb the movement of the opto flag. Check
that flag is correctly aligned and does not touch grid mechanism
frame.
6 If the problem still persists or there was significant slack at step 4,

replace the movement mechanism assembly. Release motor screws
(A). Loosen up screws that fix connection wheel package to motor
axis (B). Slide out the motor (C). Open two screws that fix the
mechanism to the cassette table (D).
D
A
B
C
7.4.8 Replacement of Bucky carbon fiber
If the carbon fiber of the Bucky has become scratched or otherwise

damaged, it must be replaced. The cover is attached with 6 screws (two
on topside, two on sides and two at the bottom). Open up screws and slide
out the cover out. Then slide a new cover on and secure with screws.
7.4.9 Replacement of c-arm membrane buttons
Membrane buttons can be replaced by unplugging flat cables inside the

c-arm.
Then remove the button and residues, if any. Then attach a new one in
place and plug it in.

7.5 COMPRESSION ADJUSTMENT

Diamond units with S/N 20000 - 20135 have older compression
mechanism. If you need to service these, refer to Diamond Technical
Bulletin 01/2001 for information. Current compression mechanism (S/N
20136 and up) does not need adjustment.
Fig 7.3. Current compression mechanism

7.6 NEGATIVE COMPRESSION FORCE CALIBRATION

Tools necessary:
– normal service tools

– compression meter (scale)
– 3 kg weight and 0,5 kg weight
How to do the software calibration:

1 Open upper cover of the Position Control Center but do not remove
cables. Place the cover so that electrical components will not short-
circuit.
2 Turn the Diamond unit on from the mains switch.
3 Attach compression paddle (recommended to use the heaviest one).
Apply 3 kg weight on the paddle.
4 Enter service program PrG06, G:Compression/Up Force Limit.
5 Set the value on the screen with trimmer R10 (below the position
control center cover at 10. Do NOT press Accept yet.
6 Place back the upper cover.
7 Apply 0.5 kg weight on top of the 3 kg weight and check what is the
value now.
8 Remove the 0.5 kg weight and then press Accept.
9 Set the force same as it was in step 7. Check that the value is not 0. If
it is, change it to 1. Screen will display “pass”, if everything is OK.
10 Exit the service mode and return to the normal mode.
11 Test for negative force: apply 0.5 kg again on top of the 3 kg weight
and verify that error 24 will appear.
12 Remove all weights and press the paddle down manually (towards
the front end of the Bucky) and verify that error 24 will appear.
13 Perform paddle sensor test in service program PrG02. Attach all
different paddles that the customer uses and check that the unit
detects those correct.
14 In service program PrG02, you can scroll up and down to see the
asterisk (*) in front of selected paddle. It indicates the selected
paddle.
15 If the right paddle is not detected, open the upper cover of the
Position Control Center and bend Hall transistors (sensing code
magnets) a little bit forward and try again. Be careful not to break the
pins of transistors.
16 Finally, calibrate the compression force display (refer to Diamond
Installation Instructions 7.2.6).
Final test:
1 Press paddle down by hand (towards the front end of the Bucky) in
normal mode and verify that error 24 will appear.
2 In the end, drive C-Arm to normal and upside down position and
verify that the error message 24 will not appear.

8 Error tracing
8 Error tracing
8.1 INFORMATION FOR THE SERVICE ERROR TRACING
Ask always the following questions during a service call from the
customer. This information is required if you contact the manufacturer.
A General (required information)

1 Serial number of the unit.
2 Name of the operator who experienced the problem.
3 Software revision level. (Shown on the LCD-display when power is
switched on)
B For phototiming questions (AEC)
1 Film/screen combination used.
2 Processing time and temperature of the developer.
3 What is the gross fog, speed index, contrast index of the film
developed in the processor?
4 Was any work done on processor just prior to problem?
5 Did problem appear suddenly or gradually?
6 Breast compression, kV selected, type of view, mAs of exposure,
detector positioning, filter selected, which imaging mode?
C Other problems
1 What is the history of the problem?
2 Error codes on the display?
3 What have you done to attempt a fix?
4 Is it permanent failure or intermittent?
5 If intermittent, how often per day?
6 Did problem appear as a result of some other work performed on the
unit?
7 Is any other equipment exhibiting intermittent problems?
8.2 DIAMOND ERROR CODES

Time-out limit in cases of communication is set at 40 sec. For all other
situations it is set at 20 sec. There is no error message on the battery
reaching the end of its lifetime.
Five quick beeps (Error message 54) indicate that the Control Panel is
missing. Attach the Control Panel to the Diamond unit.

8 Error tracing
8.2.1 0002 Program check sum error
Error code 0002

Error
description
Potential Program check sum error (Flash).
reasons
How to test
Check items
8.2.2 0003 Program check sum error
Error code 0003

Error
description
Potential Program check sum error (BattRAM).
reasons
How to test
Check items
8.2.3 0011
Error code 0011

Error
description
Potential ‘Motor stop’ pressed or a Power Board problem.
reasons Release emergency button.
How to test
Check items If problem persists, check alarm to Power Board and
Supervisor Board.
8.2.4 0012 Tube Park safety clutch active
Error code 0012

Error Tube Park safety clutch activates due to a tube
description obstacle, microswitch misalignment or a collimator
Board problem.
Potential
reasons

8 Error tracing
How to test 1 Adjustment of the microswitch of tube park safety

clutch should be checked and readjusted if
necessary (refer to chapter 7.4.4, Tube head
movement and torque adjustment). Check that the
tube moves without unintended friction.
2 Check also that tube movement belt is tight
enough. If necessary, the belt can be tightened
with 13 mm wrench at an eccentric nut behind the
collimator.
Check items 1 Check that safety clutch microswitch sensor and
also all tube park opto sensors have remained
intact (use INPUT PROGRAM for testing).
2 Check that the cables underneath the upper cover
remain free and are not tangled up with some
other objects.
3 Check that white plastic finger protection sheets
within the lower cover do not generate extra
friction (lubricate for example with silicon spray).
8.2.5 0013 Tube movement
Error code 0013

Error Tube movement back up time reached.
description
Potential 1 Mechanical friction
reasons 2 Optos/flags
3 Collimator Board
4 Motor
How to test
Check items 1 Check that all 4 tube park opto sensors and flags
operate correct (rear, front and 2 for slow the
speed - use INPUT PROGRAM) for testing.
2 if problems persist, check that wiring connections
on optoboard are correct and flags slide smoothly
in the optosensors.
3 Check that the movement should be free of any
friction all the way.
8.2.6 0014
Error code 0014

Error
description
Potential Filter movement back up time reached.
reasons
How to test
Check items Check opto flags.

8 Error tracing
8.2.7 0015 Collimator plate movement
Error code 0015

Error Collimator plate movement back up time reached,
description message sent to Supervisor Board.
Potential 1 Opto flag
reasons – the flag is very thin and the positioning might
just be critical and not always cover the opto
light
– in some cases, the height of the opto card is
critical
– if necessary, the opto card can be adjusted up
or down
– wire/soldering/connector is bad/loose
2 Collimator Board.
– check step motor lines
– feedback line from the home position
3 Motor
– no problems yet
– wire/soldering/connector is bad/loose
– cables or a mechanical block can accidentally
block the movement to the home position
– check signal status with input program
4 Set steps with service software for rear collimator:
– verify that steps are reasonable; an example
of such values are printed in the end of
5 Sensor
6 Opto
– Opto itself. Some dirt on opto (grease, dust
etc.), try to clean the opto
How to test 1 Use INPUT program to test optosensor for home
position.
2 Inspect visually that the movement stops when
rear collimator motor runs flag over the opto.
Check items Check collimator plate movement.
8.2.8 0022
Error code 0022

Error
description
Potential Compression motor back up time reached.
reasons
How to test
Check items 1 Check sensors.
2 Check Compression Board.

8 Error tracing
8.2.9 0023
Error code 0023

Error
description
Potential Compression thickness measurement error (missing
reasons pulses, reading from the strain gages is 0). Exposure is
not allowed in Auto kV-mode. Exposure is allowed in
Auto Time-mode.
How to test
Check items Check opto on the sensor.
8.2.10 0024 Compression force measurement
Error code 0024

Error Compression force measurement failure.
description Compression down inhibited. Release enabled.
Manual compression possible (release enabled).
Potential
reasons
How to test
Check items 1 Check that compression sensor operates correct.
2 Check that compression sensor cables are not
broken.
3 Check that Compression Board is not broken.
4 Is the compression calibration valid (as described
in Diamond Technical Bulletin 01/2001,
Compression Hinge Update)?
5 Check strain gages.
8.2.11 0027
Error code 0027

Error Overflow in Auto Time-mode (too long exposure time).
description
Potential 1 kV too high. Try with lower kV values.
reasons 2 Faulty AEC Board
How to test
Check items Check AEC Board.

8 Error tracing
8.2.12 0029 Underflow in Auto Time or Auto kV-mode
Error code 0029

Error Underflow in Auto Time or Auto kV-mode.
description
Potential kV too high. Try with lower kV values.
reasons
How to test
Check items Check AEC Board.
8.2.13 0033 Cassette tray movement
Error code 0033

Error Cassette tray back up time reached.
description
Potential 1 Friction in the movement.
reasons 2 Cassette tray position optos (3 pcs). Use input
program.
3 Driver Board or Stereo Board problem.
How to test
Check items 1 Check that spot lights or surrounding light do not
disturb sensors. Have the lights in the premises
switched off during the test.
2 Check optos and flags.
3 Check the motor.
4 Check Drive Board

8 Error tracing
8.2.14 0034 Cassette
Error code 0034

Error Cassette not changed, the cassette not detected.
description
Potential 1 Cassette not changed or placed correct. Change or
reasons reinsert the cassette.
2 Opto sensor area for identification of cassette light
reflection has been blocked for example by a white
label.
3 Cassette sensor not adjusted correct
– adjustment must apply to all combinations
used by the customer
– small Bucky, big Bucky and magnification
tunnel
4 Excessive surrounding light (or spot light).
5 Error occurs in following conditions (all in same
time):
– cassette sensor opto continuously active
– small cassette sensor opto (tray movement
opto) is inactive
6 Large cassette sensor opto (tray movement opto)
is inactive
How to test
Check items 1 Does the error appear with the small Bucky and
the magnification tunnel?
2 Does the error disappear when spot and
surrounding light are switched off?
3 Check optos.
8.2.15 0035 Cassette opto
Error code 0035

Cassette opto failure (this error is displayed in
software version 1.02.5 and up, in earlier software, this
error message is coded as 0067).
Error More than one of three cassette position opto sensors
description are active at the same time. The error message is
displayed when the exposure is initiated.
Potential Cassette is in the front position (one opto sensor) and
reasons the rear cassette sensor opto is still active. When you
try to expose, error code 0035 appears.
How to test Test with input program, which sensors are active.
Eliminate all excessive stray lights entering the

cassette holder area (cassette sensor). In order to
eliminate the light from outside to the sensor, darken
the room and test the cassette sensor.

8 Error tracing
Check items 1 Check function of the sensor. Check also the C-

sense Board and cable wirings.
2 Does some very strong spot light in the room blind
the sensor?
3 Does some very strong spot light in the room point
out to the Bucky?
4 Find out the C-Arm positions at which you are not
allowed to initiate the exposure. This likely helps to
determine the source/direction of the light that
disturbs the sensors.
8.2.16 0037
Error code 0037

Error
description
Potential Grid error during/prior to exposure. Display after
reasons exposure if exposure started. AEC Board does not
receive signal for grid movement.
How to test
Check items Check grid.
8.2.17 0038 Cassette holder
Error code 0038

Error Cassette holder not attached when trying to
description exposure. Exposure inhibited.
Potential 1 Cassette holder might be installed incorrect (not

reasons inserted until the mechanical stop). Attach cassette
holder.
2 Cassette holder might miss some identification
magnets.
How to test Use INPUT PROGRAM to determine that magnet
sensor operates correct. Refer to Diamond Service
Manual (86502) for the order of 4 hall transistors. Use
cassettes or a separate magnet to simulate the
magnets.
Check items 1 Magnets.
2 Hall sensor board.
3 Drive board.

8 Error tracing
8.2.18 0041 Stereo not in center position
Error code 0041

Error Stereo not in 0° during exposure.
description
Potential 1 Stereo not in 0° when exposing. Drive the stereo
reasons arm to 0°.
The stereo assembly incorporates two middle optos.
One of these two must be active when an exposure is
initiated, otherwise error 41 appears. If these optos
are not broken, enter the service mode (if you use
Bucky or Magnification) or normal mode (Delta 32)
and drive the stereo to the center position.
2 Stereo Board problem.
How to test Check these optos in service mode:
– Press middle button below the LCD display of

the control panel.
– Press right button below display until you see
011 in the upper left corner. The LCD screen
should display the following values:
011 xxx xxx xxx xxx
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
xxx xxx aaa bbb xxx
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
xxx's are some numbers and "aaa" is stereo left middle

opto and "bbb" is stereo right middle opto. These
figures should be 001 when stereo arm is in center
position and otherwise 000.
Check items 1 Correct opto operation.
2 Soldering on opto PCB.
3 Broken wires or bad connectors on cable CS22.
4 Condition of the Stereo Board.
8.2.19 0043 Vertical movement motor back up time reached
Error code 0043

Error Vertical movement motor back up time reached.
description
Potential
reasons
How to test Clear and try again. If problem persists, call service.
Check items

8 Error tracing
8.2.20 0045 ECS motor back up time reached
Error code 0045

Error ECS motor back up time reached.
description
Potential
reasons
How to test Clear and try again. If problem persists, call service.
Check items
8.2.21 0048
Error code 0048

Error
description
Potential C-Arm rotation back up time reached. Supervisor or
reasons Power Board problem.
How to test
Check items Check optos.
8.2.22 0051
Error code 0051

Error
description
Potential C-Arm angle measurement failure. Drive to predefined
reasons angles not allowed.
How to test
Check items Check tacho optos and C-Arm center position opto. If
problem persists, check Power Board connections.
Check that no strong friction affects the C-Arm
rotation.
8.2.23 0053
Error code 0053

Error
description
Potential General communication error with internal or external
reasons electronics, Supervisor bus cable broken (Board not
answering).
How to test
Check items

8 Error tracing
8.2.24 0054
Error code 0054

Error
description
Potential Communication error with serial port/buffer overflow.
reasons Five quick beeps indicate an error state.
How to test
Check items Check control panel. If it is missing, attach it to
Diamond.
8.2.25 0055
Error code 0055

Error
description
Potential Communication error with RS232.
reasons
How to test
Check items Check that cable is correctly hooked up to COM-port.
If problem persists, the cable might be broken, replace
it.
8.2.26 0057 Missing mA
Error code 0057

Error mA failure
description
– mA reference missing (set by software,
supervisor > Generator PCB)
– mA feedback missing (feedback loop on
Generator Board)
Potential 1 Supply voltages on Generator Board not correct.
reasons 2 Broken filament(s) inside the tube.
3 Cables short cut or bad connections
4 Bad contact in filament cable between Generator
Board X4 and tube connector (specially on the tube
side).
5 X-ray tube problem.
6 High voltage unit problem
7 Power Board problem.
Components that may need replacement:
– Generator Board
– Supervisor Board
– AMD Board

8 Error tracing
How to test Expose separately with small and large focus to find
out if both operate correct.
Connect the oscilloscope probe on the Filament

Control Board to test point TP4 (mA feedback, TP12 or
GND). If the mA waveform contains either over- or
undershoot at the start-up, adjust with software in
service program PrI04 (large focus) and PrI05 (small
focus) to obtain correct waveform as instructed in
Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-IMG).
Check items 1 Check supply voltages on the Generator Board /
change Generator Board.
2 Check supply voltages on the Power Board /
change Power Board.
3 Measure that filament wiring (connector X 4 on
Generator Board) is not short circuited (remove the
connector X4 and measure with ohm meter from
tube side):
– with large focus, measure the closed circuit
between X4-4 and X4-2.
– With small focus, between X4-3 and X4-2.
4 If not, check that connector X4 is OK and also that
filament connector on the tube side is OK. Test with
other tube, if necessary.
5 Does error condition appear in certain condition?
– in the morning, when power up.
– with certain C-Arm position.
– is led H12 (mA OK) on during exposure.
6 Check relays R1 and R2.
7 Check HV unit feedback cable.
8 Check HV unit, if in lateral position.
8.2.27 0058
Error code 0058

Error
description
Potential Anode start failure. Thermal switch blocks the start-
reasons up. Refer to Operation Instructions. Wait until anode
cooling period is over.
How to test
Check items
8.2.28 0059
Error code 0059

Error
description
Potential Anode run failure.
reasons

8 Error tracing
How to test
Check items
8.2.29 0060
Error code 0060

Error
description
Potential Exposure button released during exposure.
reasons
How to test Hold the exposure button pressed down until the
audio-signal terminates.
Check items
8.2.30 0062 Missing kV
Error code 0062

Error Generator failure, kV not OK
description – kV reference missing (set by software, from
Supervisor to Generator Board)
– kV feedback missing (feedback loop on
Generator Board)
– 34 V ref missing
Potential 1 Supply voltages on Generator Board not correct.
reasons 2 Broken HV-unit.
3 Not enough oil in HV tank.
4 Cable short cut, loose connector or bad wiring
connector
How to test 1 Expose starting with low kV values, increase kV and
monitor for the error appearance.
2 Check if the error appearance more frequent in C-
Arm lateral position.
3 Test changing HV unit.
4 Increase step by step kV, starting with low kV and
monitor for error appearance.
5 Broken tube:
– test separately with small and large focus
– increase step by step kV, starting with low kV
and monitor for the error appearance

8 Error tracing
Check items 1 Check supply voltages on the Generator Board /

change Generator Board.
2 Check supply voltages on the Power Board /
change Power Board.
3 Check for any visible oil leakages from the tank.
4 Check that cable wiring to connector X2 on
Generator PCB is not broken, check that this cable
does not tighten up mechanically during the C-Arm
rotation.
5 HV-cable (bad contact specially on the tube side,
use grease).
6 Measure the cable wiring with ohm meter.
7 Does error condition occur in certain condition?
– in the morning
– with certain type of breasts
– at certain C-Arm position
8.2.31 0063
Error code 0063

Error
description
Potential Line voltage low.
reasons
How to test
Check items Check the line voltage.
8.2.32 0064 Missing cassette
Error code 0064

Error Cassette missing.
description
Potential 1 Cassette missing. Insert the cassette.
reasons 2 Incorrect cassette opto sensor adjustment. Adjust
the right signal in Casopto Board with
potentiometer.
3 Some white label located in cassette opto sensor
area. Try with other cassette type or remove the
white label.
How to test
Check items Does the problem occur with both cassettes and also
with magnification table? Test that all combination
operate correct.

8 Error tracing
8.2.33 0065 Excessive exposure time
Error code 0065

Error Exposure time too long (CPU estimates that the
description exposure time will exceed the maximum value):
– large focus 5 seconds, small focus 10 seconds

Potential 1 Low kV values. Ask the customer to test with higher
reasons kV values. Increase kV value in initial kV table.
2 Blocked filter frame movement.
3 Cassette movement stops too early.
4 Blocked X-ray field.
How to test
Check items 1 Check that the light mirror operates OK.
2 Check that filter frame movement does not stop in
wrong position (in front of the X-ray beam).
3 Check that the cassette movement will not stop too
early (in front of the X-ray beam).
4 Check for any other objects in the X-ray field.
5 Check alignment of the AEC detector and the
cassette.
6 Check filter position.
8.2.34 0066 Movement not allowed
Error code 0066

Error Movement button or switch or exposure button
description pressed during power on or during movement, the
function not allowed.
Potential 1 Power has been switched on and the LCD screen
reasons displays 8888 state. Diamond does not accept any
function, because the unit perceives that some
movement button is pressed.
2 Foot pedal.
3 Z-button in Position Control Center unit.
4 C-Arm button in Position Control Center unit.
5 Projection angle keys (CC, OBL and LAT).
6 Tube park buttons on Diamond side.
7 Stereotactic angle keys.
8 Exposure button.
9 The exposure button is pressed too early, the C-
Arm, stereo or collimation movement not yet
completed.
How to test 1 Remove foot pedals
2 Test buttons. Detach membrane cable from
connector to find out if the problems is related to
this button.

8 Error tracing
Check items Check that the exposure button is not active all the
time.
8.2.35 0067 Diamond not ready for exposure
Error code 0067

Error Diamond not ready for exposure.
description
Potential 1 Device is not ready for exposure.
reasons 2 Rear plate error. The movement might not yet be
completed.
3 Collimation in process.
4 Filter movement in process.
5 Cassette movement opto
In some large Buckies, the grid mechanism reflection

activates the cassette opto sensor even though
cassette is in the front position.
How to test The status of the cassette sensor opto can be checked
in service mode. Press middle button below the
Control Panel LCD screen. Then press right button
below the screen and hold it down until 044 is
displayed in the upper left corner. The LCD screen
should display:
044 xxx xxx xxx xxx

xxx xxx xxx xxx yyy
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx
xxx's are some numbers and yyy is cassette opto

sensor. The value for cassette opto sensor must be
000 when no is inserted or when the cassette is in the
front position. The value 001 is displayed when the
cassette has returned in the rear position. If the value
001 is constantly displayed, then adjust cassette
sense opto to decrease the sensitivity.
Check items
8.2.36 0068
Error code 0068

Error
description
Potential Delta PC refused to receive exposure. Push Exposure
reasons button on Delta 32 computer interface.
How to test
Check items

8 Error tracing
8.2.37 0069
Error code 0069

Error
description
Potential Delta PC connection timeout. Plug in PC or replace bad
reasons cable.
How to test
Check items
8.2.38 0070
Error code 0070

Error
description
Potential Error in stereo motor pulse measuring or missing
reasons pulses.
How to test
Check items Check motors and encoder optos.
8.2.39 0071
Error code 0071

Error
description
Potential Tube head heat limit exceeded. Wait, the remaining
reasons cooling time is displayed on Control Panel LCD-screen.
How to test
Check items

8 Error tracing
8.2.40 0072 Side collimator
Error code 0072

Error Side collimator back up time reached.
description
Potential 1 Sticky opto flag. Try to release the opto flag to
reasons touch opto sensor.
2 If problems appear only with the large Bucky, then
most likely the side plates are too close to home
position.
– Enter the service mode and increase 100-200
steps to original value in service program
PrF02, F:\ Collimator > Cassette Holder > Side
Plate, selection Bucky 24x30.
3 Mechanical friction with the movement.
– run all the way manually from cogwheel
– check nothing such as cables etc. hinder the
movement
4 Collimator Board.
5 Collimator motor.
How to test
Check items 1 Check opto and opto cables/soldering.
2 Read status of the opto sensor with service input
program. Use manual flag to change the status.
3 Check collimator for any blocking objects.
8.2.41 0074 AEC bus error
Error code 0074

Error AEC bus error 74 occurs, if Supervisor Board does
description receive an answer from AEC Board. Bus is monitored
about every 2.5 seconds.
Potential Internal communication error. AEC Board not
reasons answering. Supervisor-AEC cable broken.
If the same bus does not display other errors

(Compression 75, Stereo 76, Collimator 77, pass
through the C-Arm axis), then most likely the cause is
the cable between Stereo Board connector X14 and
AEC Board.
For example, if the cable sheath is broken, an periodic

error might occur when the touches frame. Symptoms
are similar to those of a partly broken compression.
Other possible causes might be periodic supply

voltage problems or a broken AEC Board.
How to test
Check items 1 AEC Board.
2 Cables.

8 Error tracing
8.2.42 0075 Communication problem
Error code 0075

Error No communication between compression board and
description stereo board.
Potential Internal communication error. Compression Board not

reasons answering. Supervisor-Compression Board cable
broken.
Most likely, the cable SB40 (between Stereo Board and

Initial compression cabling. Compression Board) is broken. Check cable condition
at the lower left corner of the compression carriage.
Try to bend the cable in different positions to produce
the error (a short circuit). A cable short-cut does not
always prompt an error message, but may also cause
illogical values for compression thickness.
Other causes might be a fault in the Compression

Board or the Stereo Board.
How to test
Check items Does this problem occur sporadically? Potential cable
cause.
Later compression cabling with a

8.2.43 0076
rotated holder.
Error code 0076

Error
description
Potential Internal communication error. Stereo Board not
reasons answering. Supervisor-Stereo Board cable broken.
How to test
Check items Check following items on the Stereo Board:
– LED H1: When lit, the Stereo Board is transfering or

receiving data. If not, there is a fault in the Stereo
Board.
– LED H2: When lit, the Stereo Board is receiving data.
If not, the cable is broken, or there is a fault in the
Stereo Board.
– TP4: data burst at 25ms intervals. If not, check for H1
errors.
errors.
– TP6: three data bursts at 5ms intervals, then 15ms
break, then three burst at 5 ms intervals, then break
and so on.

8 Error tracing
8.2.44 0077
Error code 0077

Error
description
Potential Internal communication error. Collimator Board not
reasons answering.
How to test
Check items Check following items on the Collimator Board:
– TP8: data burst at 25ms intervals. If not, check for

H14 errors.
errors.
8.2.45 0078
Error code 0078

Error
description
Potential Internal communication error. Control Panel not
reasons answering.
How to test
Check items Check following items on the Supervisor Board:
– LED H4: When lit, the Supervisor Board is transfering

data to the Control Panel. If not, there is a fault in the
Supervisor Board.
– LED H3: When lit, The Supervisor Board is receiving
data from the Control Panel. If not, the cable is
broken or there is a fault in the Supervisor Board or
Control Panel Board.
errors.
– TP10: data burst at 25ms intervals. If not, check H4
errors.
8.2.46 0080
Error code 0080

Error Stereo movement back up time reached.
description
Potential – Stereo motor, wiring or control may be broken.
reasons – Some stereo-opto broken.
– Stereo cannot drive due to too slow speed.
How to test
Check items Check optos is Service Mode/Test display (test display
sheets in the Appendix of this manual).

8 Error tracing
8.2.47 0081
Error code 0081

Error
description
Potential Cassette in rear position. Exposure inhibited. Drive to
reasons front position.
How to test
Check items
8.2.48 0082
Error code 0082

Error
description
Potential C-Arm rotation disabled, if vertical down limit ON and
reasons angle is over 122 degrees. Drive the tube head to the
front position.
How to test
Check items
8.2.49 0084
Error code 0084

Error
description
Potential Transmit buffer overflow in Supervisor software.
reasons
How to test
Check items
8.2.50 0087
Error code 0087

Error
description
Potential Movement inhibited during compression. Release
reasons compression and try again.
How to test
Check items

8 Error tracing
8.2.51 0089 C-Arm center limit not found
Error code 0089 (software 1.01.1 and up)

Error C-Arm center limit not found. No detection of 2 center
description opto switches for C-Arm movement home position
(0°).
Potential Both opto sensors must be detected, when C-Arm is
reasons rotating over CC position (angle display should show
0°). During approach and depart from the CC-position,
the C-Arm rotation slows down for a while.
1 C-Arm home opto switches (2) underneath the C-

Arm do not operate
– Clean dust, grease or anything. Replace, if
necessary. Order new opto flag (now available
2 mm wider opto for more improved reading,
order code 82761)
– refer also to Diamond Technical Bulletin 06/
2002 for units with S/N 20166 - 20145.
2 Pulse reading of the Supervisor Board opto might
be the cause for sporadic problems
3 If preceding steps do not fix the problem, replace
also the opto cable assembly (use only opto, if
necessary).
How to test 1 Test both optos function with INPUT program.
Rotate C-Arm near CC-position and verify that C-
Arm opto input status juggles between 0 and 1.
Check that flag enters the opto deep enough
2 Cover the optos and verify with input program that
sensors are operate correct. Check that you have
the latest Service Manual (order code 86502, issued
in June 2001).
Check items Check optoswitches for c-arm movement.
8.2.52 0090
Error code 0090

Error
description
Potential 1 Tube head is not in front. Drive tube head to the
reasons front.
2 The Auto Drive when the exposure button is
pressed, is disabled in Biopsy, D32 and Service
modes or if no cassette holder is attached .
How to test
Check items

8 Error tracing
8.2.53 0091 Z-movement disabled in Specimen mode
Error code 0091

Error Z-movement disabled in Specimen mode.
description
Potential
reasons
How to test Clear and continue. If a patient is to be examined, exit
the Specimen mode.
Check items
8.3 NO POWER INDICATIONS/BOARD LEDS

A Check the mains switch.
B Check that the power cable and the display cable are connected.
C Check the circuit breaker in the rear bottom.
D Check that Power Board fuses are OK.
8.4 AEC INOPERATIVE

– Check grounding
– Check Cassettes/films/screens
– Check detector positioning
– Check HV-grease
– Check spot diaphragm
8.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGES

If you suspect changes in Diamond electrical system, check the voltages
according to the list in chapter 5.13, Fuses, voltages and led indications.
8.6 GRID LINE CHECK ITEMS

A Check cassette holder recognition
– magnets under the Bucky
B Grid alignment and movement
– sides of the grid must not touch the sides of the frames during
movement.
– the grid has to be close to the carbon fiber in the front but may not
touch it.
– is the grid properly attached to the blocks holding it.
– when the breast is compressed, does the carbon fiber top bend
and touch the mechanism.
Refer to chapter 7.4.6, Grid alignment or chapter 7.4.7, Grid movement

mechanism check.

8 Error tracing
C If there have been random occurrences of gridlines or grid motor

runs badly or makes noise or does not always work correct, then
check for the following:
– In most cases, a Drive PC Board can be the reason for the grid
lines. The older Drive Boards used to have wiring jumpers on a
non-component side of the PC Board layout. New Drive Boards do
not have these anymore. Drive Board replacement is
recommended during maintenance work to all units S/N 20000-
20060.
– Check all motor run indication leds (H7, H8, H9, H10) on Drive
Board. They should light up when the grid is driven. If only leds H7
and H8 or H9 and H10 light up, or no leds at all, then the Drive
Board does not operate normally and should be replaced.
NOTE!
Remember that this may happen randomly.
– Grid lines may also be related to a Bucky, a grid mechanism or a

grid connection pin. The mechanism may incur friction, have some
misaligned parts, motor axis fixing screws or home position flag
might prevent free movement of the grid. The grid connection pin
from the grid mechanism to the Bucky may have an incorrect or
loose contact. Current units have a bit longer pin.
8.7 ECS TROUBLE SHOOTING
Problem Items to check

The ECS does not move. 1 The signal from the switches
reaches the X2 on Stereo
Board
2 Motor connection to X15 on
the Stereo Board
3 Movement limits are OK (X2 on
Stereo Board)
4The motor works (use external
voltage supply)
The Auto Release function does not The Auto Release is switched on.
work.
The ECS does not stop when the The connector X2 is not properly
compression reaches the current connected.
limit.
The ECS stops before the The compression motor exhausts
compression reaches the current before the limit. Increase the speed
limit. in service program PrG01.
Return function does not work. The signals from the switches do
not reach connector X2 on Stereo
Board
The ECS moves too slow. Adjust the speed at trimmer R42 on
Stereo Board
The ECS moves too fast. Adjust the speed at trimmer R42 on
Stereo Board

8 Error tracing
Problem Items to check

The ECS does not move from ECS 1 Check pulses from
pedal. compression motor encoder
X17/Pin 5 on Stereo Board
2 Check that ECS motor has
been connected to X15 and
compression motor to X17
Noisy ECS movement. Check bearings.
If the motor or whole ECS mechanism has to be replaced, instructions are

located in chapter 7.3.15, Replacement of ECS mechanism/ECS motor.
8.8 SERIAL BUS COMMUNICATIONS CHECK

Check that the following boards have semi-dim LEDs. Non-existent or
totally bright LED indicates a communication problem.
Name of the Board RXD TXD Notes

Supervisor Board H6 H5
Stereo Board H2 H1 From the point of view of
the Board.
AEC Board H3 H2 As above.
Compression Board H2 H3 As above.
Collimator Board H13 H14 As above.
Control Panel Board H4 H6 As above.
8.9 NOTES ON SOFTWARE UPGRADING

From software version 1.00.9 onward:
Before upgrade:
1 Retrieve BRAM dump so that you capture it to file!
– Check Service Menu->Stereo Move->Autodrive setting and check
setting state (ON/OFF)
After upgrade:
1 Check Service Menu->Stereo Move->Autodrive setting and check
setting state (ON/OFF). The software upgrade may have changed this
setting.
– Stereo Move -> Speeds are in use from this SW version. Load
defaults to these as follows:
2 Enter service menu->Stereo Move->Speeds menu. Press
simultaneously Cancel- and Set-key for a couple of seconds. You
should see message. Changing parameters to defaults... Answer Yes
to this question. After that you have factory default for speeds (does
not affect to other settings).
NOTE!
When you are loading defaults, make sure that you are in Speeds-menu.

8 Error tracing
8.10 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

– Q: How can I check the number of exposures taken with Diamond
or the number of the last exposure?
– A: Obtain exposure data as instructed in chapter 4.3.2, Data
capture. The number of exposure is at the beginning and at the
end of the data. When the number of exposures reaches 65535, it
starts again from zero.
8.11 FAQ - FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

8.11.1 Common questions
Question Answer
How I can change the X-ray The Diamond X-ray field lamp is easy to
field lamp? replace. The lamp holder is secured with
magnet to a holder that can easily be
rotated for convenient access through the
collimator opening. Refer to Diamond
Operation Instructions (86500-IMG) for
details.
After the exposure, ID 2 does Check that correct cable (30749) has been
not receive exposure data? connected to Diamond unit. This cable is
delivered with Diamond unit in the
wooden crate. The cable delivered in ID 2
package is intended for use with Performa
and Alpha units.
What are ranges 15 to 20 kV The range 15 to 20 kV is used for
and 36 to 40 kV used for? specimen examination (not with patients),
the Control Panel LCD-screen blinks when
these kV values are used.
The range 36 to 40 kV is used in special
cases, e.g. with a very dense breast when
other kV values are not enough to
penetrate the breast.
How can I use 15 to 20 and Switch to Manual Mode to select these kV
36 to 40 kV range? values. 15 to 20 kV are used for specimen
imaging, the Control Panel LCD screen
blinks when these kV values are used.
Aluminum filter is always used with 35 to
40 kV range.

8 Error tracing
How does Diamond measure The dose is not measured, but calculated
the dose? with the help of following exposure data:
- recorded exposure kV and mAs
- estimated radiation output in mR
(efficiency @28kV (Mo/Rh) or 39kV (Al)
stored in memory)
- recorded compression thickness and
filter
- computed glandular dose estimate
based on the tables (mR(air) vs
mSv(gland)) published in the references
for 50%-50% glandular-adipose breast
- separate calculations for each
adjustment step during exposure in Auto
kV-mode.
How is the tube protected When the tube approach overheat limit,
from overheating? the software increases wait periods
between exposures to allow for cooling of
the tube. This calculation is reset, if unit
power is switched off and on again.
A thermal switch inside the unit releases if
the temperature inside the tube is too
high (about 65 C). Should this happen, the
tube must cool down for 1-2 hours before
exposures are possible again.
How can I test that film Test condition of the film and the
processor works correct? processor with a sensitometer/
densitometer:
- fog, speed index, contrast index
- min and max OD values within 21 steps
Verify also that the film processor
performance is uniform day to day.
When I need to adjust kV up kV should be higher with a thicker breast.
or down? kV relates to contrast, dose and time:
kV up > contrast low
> dose low
> time low (mAs low)
kV low > contrast up
> dose up
How can I get information on The best way is to check our Member
the last modification? Service pages regularly. This site also
contains our latest training schedules.
If you do not have password, contact us.
Where can I find information Many countries have their own
on country-specific regulations. ACR Quality Control Manual
regulation for and European guidelines for quality
mammography? assurance in mammography screening
are accepted widely. However, contact
regulatory authorities of the country
where the unit will be used to obtain exact
and detailed information.

8 Error tracing
How do Diamond and Alpha Diamond tube has better focusing of x-

RT tubes differ from each ray beam with small focus. Also, Gaussian
other? intensity distribution within focal spot is
better.
Performa and Diamond use the same
tube, which is not compatible with RT
tube.
What is that continuous beep Check that Control Panel is properly
sound after the Diamond unit connected to the back of Diamond
has been switched on? column. Check also that the cable
connects properly to the Control Panel
Is there a problem when large This phenomenon is caused by heel
Bucky is used and the rear effect. The tube produces more radiation
section of the picture is much in the rear.
whiter than the front section?
Is there a van kit installation Introduction of Diamond Van kit is
available for Diamond? scheduled for 2003.
8.11.2 Customer questions
Question Answer
The unit cannot be switched Check that the breaker switch behind the
on? column has not been accidentally turned
off. Turn it on, then switch on with the
main power switch.
Check also power line fuses.
The power is on, but none of Check that the Emergency Stop Button (2
the functions can be initiated red buttons on both sides of the carriage
(error message 11)? top) has not been accidentally pressed
down.
The C-arm Auto-Rotation Check that the paddle has been attached
does not rotate? correctly.
The exposure stops Check error messages
immediately after the button -Error 65
is pressed? - Ask the customer to test with higher
kVvalues
- Check operation of the light mirror
- Check for any other object in x-ray
field
- Check filter and cassette mechanism
The cassette has been The cassette is detected with optical
loaded, but the unit does not sensors. Find out the C-arm positions at
let you expose (error 35)? which you are not allowed to initiate the
exposure. Eliminate all excessive stray
lights entering the cassette holder area
(cassette sensor). In order to eliminate the
light from outside to the sensor, darken
How to remove visible grid Test with another Bucky (large or small) to
lines in the image? identify the problem. Check grid
mechanism/electrical system.
The grid motor is in the unit and not in the
Bucky.

8 Error tracing
What if the images Compare selected detector area on the

sometimes appear too dark breast image:
with AutoPoint? If Diamond has selected detector position
C1 and you can see that in the image the
pectoral muscle (near the chest wall edge)
is located just over C1 detector. Try to
increase AutoPoint limit (default 700).
With high values, the unit less likely
selects detector C1 under pectoral muscle
(which would result as a too dark image).
Refer to AutoPoint instructions in
Installation Manual.
What if the images Check what detector the unit has selected
sometimes appear too white and examine breast anatomy in this film
or dark with AutoPoint? area (dense/not dense). AEC detector
location sheet in the end of the
Installation Instructions (86501-IMG) helps
to estimate the detector location on the
film.
8.11.3 Installation/service questions
Question Answer
The tube park movement Check that all tube park sensors have
stops sometimes or an error remained intact (INPUT PROGRAM) and in
message is displayed? perfect working condition through the
- (error messages 12-13) shipment/installation.
Check that cables under the upper cover
remain free, not tangled up with some
other objects.
Check that white plastic finger protection
sheets within lower cover move
unhindered.
Check that safety clutch has been
adjusted correctly.
Bucky.

8 Error tracing
What if the images Compare selected detector area on the

sometimes appear too dark breast image:
with AutoPoint? If Diamond has selected detector position
C1 and you can see that in the image the
pectoral muscle (near the chest wall edge)
is located just over C1 detector. Try to
increase AutoPoint limit (default 700).
With high values, the unit less likely
selects detector C1 under pectoral muscle
(which would result as a too dark image).
Refer to AutoPoint instructions in
Installation Manual.
What if the images Check what detector the unit has selected
sometimes appear too white and examine breast anatomy in this film
or dark with AutoPoint? area (dense/not dense). AEC detector
location sheet in the end of the
Installation Instructions (86501-IMG) helps
to estimate the detector location on the
film.
Bucky.
Z-movement of the carriage Check for source of bad movement:
is slow or does not drive at Counterweight tiles in counterweight
all? cage are installed correctly.
The amount of counterweight tiles are in
balance with the weight of the C-Arm and
the carriage. The movement should be
smooth in both directions.
Check that 4 white plastic rollers aside the
carriage do not cause friction. Adjust, if
necessary.
Autorelease function does Enter service program PrG02 and check
not operate? that software together with Hall sensors
on the Compression Display Board
detects different paddles (sensor
magnets) correct. Paddle selection is
marked with an ASTERISK (*) on the
display.
While you are in the service program, try
to shake/jiggle the paddle to check
whether the asterisk moves on to another
paddle. If this happens, you need to fine
tune the position of the Hall sensors.

8 Error tracing
C-arm rotation stops at 1) Check that C-arm rotation sensors/

wrong position? flags are fully operational.
2) Check the correct operation of the both
home opto sensors with INPUT PROGRAM.
If problems arise, check wiring solder
joints and optoswitches.
3) Check that opto flag is in correct
position.
The ID 2 does not receive 1) Check that cable is correct (code
exposure data from the 30749), shipped with the Diamond unit,
Diamond unit after exposure? not the one included in the original ID 2
box.
2) Check that the cable is connected to
Diamond COM 2 port and ID 2 port B.
When I need to calibrate for 1) If the tube has been replaced.
tube preheat? 2) You have lost original preheat settings
(set by factory) from supervisor
parameter memory.
How I can save unit Save parameters after installation with
parameters? Diamond - PC cable and HyperTerminal
program.
8.11.4 Installation/service questions/error messages
Question Answer
Error message 15 appears Check that rear collimator sensor is OK.
(rear collimator time out)? Test for correct operation of the sensor
with INPUT PROGRAM and verify that the
flag reaches the optosensor.
Check that no mechanical friction/object
prevents the movement.
Check Collimator Board and motor.
Error message 72 appears Check that side collimator sensor is OK.
(side collimator time out)? Test correct operation of the sensor with
INPUT PROGRAM and verify that the flag
reaches the optosensor.
Check that no mechanical friction/object
prevents the movement.
Check Collimator Board and motor.
Error message 24 appears Calibrate Up Force Limit in service
(compression force program PrG06. Check mechanism.
measurement failure, Inhibit
compression down)

8 Error tracing
How much time does the 1-2 work days for 2 persons. AEC film
Diamond installation require? calibration (50 to 150 exposures) will take
most of the time.
Depends also on the exposure
combination the customer wants to use:
A) Bucky/Magnification B) filters
Molybdenum/Rhodium C) Auto-Time/
Auto-kV
Remember that the Diamond can be
installed in a separate room and after
completion of the tests, it can be moved
with transportation wheels to the
examination room.
Can I calibrate AEC No, the unit will use one AEC setting for all
separately for the small Buckies.
Bucky and Bucky?
If the customer wants to use No.
2 different screen
combination, can I calibrate
AEC separately for these?
Why does the Diamond unit Some doctors want to use different pre-
have Pre-Prog settings 1-4 set to obtain optimal image quality
and what values can be set suitable to their needs.
within Pre-Prog 1-4 menus? Pre-programmed values:
A) Density correction B) Target Time C)
Auto kV initial correction D) max. Auto kV
change limit E) Menu Text F) Auto Point
Coefficient factor.

9 Specifications
9 Specifications
System specifications for Diamond, model MGX 2000
Manufacturer GE Healthcare Finland Oy

P.O. Box 20
FIN-04301 Tuusula, Finland
Manufacturer's quality system ISO9001
according to
Manufacturer's environmental ISO14001
management system according
to
General Medical electrical equipment
Model MGX 2000
Power supply Mains plug connection, 1-phase
(line, neutral and protective
ground, or L1, L2 and protective
ground)
Apparent resistance of supply 0.75Ω
mains
Rated voltage 230 VAC ±10%, single phase, 50/
60 Hz
16 A slow blow fuse in power
outlet
NOTE!
The Diamond is a cord-connected device, delivered without a plug (in
some markets). Depending upon local electrical code requirements, it
may be either hard-wired or plugged into an outlet. Please consult your
electrician to determine the requirements, and if necessary to provide
a plug which matches your outlet.
Line Regulation: ± 2% (full load)

Branch Circuit: dedicated run 20A, 2-pole circuit
breaker L1/L2 (10 AWG)
Outlet per local electrical code
requirements or NEMA L6-20
Grounding: 0V potential (earth), continuous
wire run (not conduit)
Rated current 20 A Momentary (during
exposure)
300mA long term (otherwise)
Rated input power 4.6 kVA
IEC safety class I

9 Specifications
System specifications for Diamond, model MGX 2000
IEC applied part type B

Enclosure IP 20
Weight 350 kg (771 lbs.)
Height 1.9 m (6.23 ft)
Operation mode Continuous operation with
intermittent loading
Radiation intensity Typical range 1000-1200mR/
100mA at 28kV
Environmental specifications
Operating conditions +10°C...+40°C

Non condensing (maximum
humidity 90%)
Storage and transportation (+0°C...+35°C)
Humidity 10%...100%
Pressure 500mbar - 1060 mbar
Generator
Manufacturer GE Healthcare Finland Oy

Type MGHV-300
Frequency 40 - 100 kHz
Power Max. 2.6 kW
kV range 15 - 39 kV, in 1 kV increments
Accuracy ± 1.5 kV
kV ripple < 5%
mA range Focus 0.3mm 50 - 100 mA
Focus 0.3mm 25 - 50 mA (low mA
mode)
Focus 0.1mm 18 - 30 mA
(- tube current reduced with small
breast thickness)
Maximum mA output Focus 0.3mm 150mA
Focus 0.1mm 45mA

9 Specifications
Generator
mAs range Focus 0.3mm 2 - 500 mAs:

Tolerance:
mAs ≤ 40: ± 4 mAs
mAs > 40: ± 10%
Focus 0.1mm 4 - 300 mAs
Tolerance:
mAs ≤ 40: ± 4 mAs
mAs > 40: ±10%
Time range Focus 0.3mm 0.02 - 5 s
Focus 0.1mm 0.04 - 10 s
Tolerance: ± 0.10 + instrument
inaccuracy
Tube loading chart for Diamond X-ray tube (M113SP)
kV M113SP M113SP kV M113SP M113SP

mA(SF) mA(LF) mA(SF) mA(LF)
15 18 53 28 25 85
16 20 59 29 24 85
17 22 64 30 23 80
18 23 69 31 22 80
19 24 74 32 21 80
20 25 78 33 21 75
21 26 81 34 20 75
22 28 85 35 20 69
23 30 90 36 19 50
24 29 95 37 19 50
25 28 100 38 18 50
26 27 95 39 18 50
27 26 90
SF = Small focus, LF = large focus
Time range with loading factors shown above:
– Focus 0.3 0.02 - 5.0 sec.

– Focus 0.1 0.04 - 10.0 sec.
Minimum mAs = Minimum time * lowest mA in the tube loading chart.

Maximum mAs = Maximum time * highest mA in the tube loading chart.

9 Specifications
Automatic Exposure Control (AEC)
Solid state 15 step density selector.
Operating range, kV limits
Bucky Manual mode: 20-39 kV

AutoTime and Auto kV: 23-35 kV
Specimen: 15-39 kV
Magnification Manual mode: 20-39 kV
AutoTime and Auto kV: 23-35 kV
Specimen: 15-39 kV
Delta 32 Manual mode: 20-39 kV
Specimen: 15-39 kV
Nominal shortest irradiation time 60 msec.
Automatic Exposure Control (AEC), Operating range, mAs limits
kV Bucky Delta3 Magn kV Bucky Delta3 Magn

mAs 2 mAs mAs mAs 2 mAs mAs
15 250 250 175 28 400 400 250

16 250 250 200 29 400 400 200
17 300 300 200 30 400 400 200
18 300 300 200 31 400 400 200
19 350 350 200 32 400 400 200
20 350 350 250 33 350 350 200
21 400 400 250 34 350 350 200
22 400 400 250 35 300 300 200
23 450 450 300 36 250 250 175
24 450 450 250 37 250 250 175
25 500 500 250 38 250 250 175
26 450 450 250 39 250 250 175
27 450 450 250
X-RAY TUBE Diamond (Varian M113SP in B112

housing)
Anode type Rotating dual-angle anode
Anode heat capacity 300,000 HU
Target material Molybdenum, niobium doped

9 Specifications
Anode rotation speed 3000rpm(50Hz)/3600rpm(60Hz)

Focal spot sizes M113SP 0.1, 0.3 (IEC60336)
Port material beryllium
Reference axis 42 mm (M113SP) from chest wall
edge (tube angle 4°)
1 Focal spot is marked in the front part of the tube head assembly.
2 The collimator label is at the front end of the tube head assembly.
Diamond Filtration
Molybdenum 0.025 mm
Rhodium 0.025 mm
Aluminum 0.50 mm
Positioning
Source to Image Distance (SID) 660 mm (26”)
Movement of the motorized, dual-speed carriage
(66cm) Rotation ±185°

SID
(26”) Vertical 760 mm (30”)

The cassette holder vertical movement range is 68 cm - 144 cm above
finished floor level (27” - 57”) with the C-Arm in the upright position (0°)
and 79 cm - 156 cm (31” - 61”) with C-Arm rotated in to the lateral (90°)
position.
Compression
motorized Max 200N

manual Max 270N±20N
Foot pedal protection IPX1
classification
Recording systems
Bucky for 18 x 24 and 24 x 30cm film

Magnification for 18 x 24cm film 1.6, 1.8 & 2.0
exposed size 10 x 24
Stereotactic device Delta 32 digital ccd-camera
Display accuracy
Compression force ± 20N

9 Specifications
Compression thickness ± 1cm

C-Arm angle ± 2°
mGy display ± 30%
For mGy display accuracy, refer to:
“Spectral Dependence of Glandular Tissue dose in Screen-Film

Mammography” Wu Xizeng, Wu X, Barnes Gary T, Tucker Douglas M,
Radiology 1991; 179:143-148
“Normalized Average Glandular dose in Molybdenum Target- Rhodium

Filter and Rhodium Target -Rhodium filter Mammography” Wu Xizeng,
Wu X, Gingold Eric L, Barnes Gary T, Tucker Douglas M, Radiology 1994;
193:83-89
Correspondence between X-ray field and image reception area
Chest wall 0...+3 mm

Other walls +1...+5 mm
Correspondence between ≤ 5 mm any wall
collimator light field and X-ray
field
Collimator
Type MGB 600

Filtration 0 mm Al
Electrical input 34 VAC (for half-step motors)
9-14 VDC (for 12 VDC lamp)
Lamp type HLX (halogen), 12V, 50W
Radiation field
Maximum radiation field 24x30cm
Attenuation equivalent
Bucky, cassette tunnel or ≤ 0.25 mm Al (Total of all layers)

magnification tunnel
Anti-scatter grid
Line pairs 36 lp/mm

9 Specifications
Grid ratio 5:1
ROC Grid
Line pairs 36 lp/mm

Grid ratio equal to 6:1
Measurement criteria for exposure time
Exposure time Consists of beginning and ending

points as measured by a
calibrated x-ray monitor at 70%
of the peak radiation waveform
kV The high voltage mean value
received after measurement with
a calibrated x-ray monitor.
mAs The resistance value divided by
voltage. A calibrated x-ray
monitor measures the voltage
over feedback resistor and
provides a mAs value.
The nominal x-ray tube voltage 39kV is obtained at highest tube
current 50mA.
The highest tube current 100mA is obtained at the highest tube voltage
25kV.
The highest electric power is obtained at 32kV tube voltage and 80mA
tube current.
The nominal electric power of 2.4 kW is obtained, when loading time is
0.1s and x-ray tube voltage 30kV is used.
Fuses
Power Board 85020, F1,2 Fuse 5x20 mm 4AT, IEC 127-2/3

F3 Fuse 6.3x32 mm, 15ASB 250V
F4 Fuse 5x20 mm 0.8AT, IEC127-2/3
F5 Fuse 13/32” 20AF 600VAC
(Bussmann KTK-20)
AMD 32305, F1 Fuse 6.3x32 mm 10AT 250V

9 Specifications
Diamond fuses used by Delta 32
On PCB located in the bottom-part plate of the C-Arm.

Fuse Board 33615, F5 Fuse 1 pc 6x32 mm 1,25AT 250V
UL
F3 Fuse 1 pc 6x32 mm 0,8AT 250V UL
F1,2,4 Fuse 3 pcs 6x32 mm 0,5AT 250V
UL
In the carriage next to the transformers: D32 Fuse Plate 82685
F1,2 Fuse 2 pcs, 6X32 mm 0,3AD 250
UL 248-14
9.1 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY (EMC) TABLES
The Diamond is suitable for use in the specified electromagnetic environment. The purchaser or user
of the Diamond should assure that it is used in an electromagnetic environment as described below:
Emissions Test Compliance Electromagnetic Environment
Radio-Frequency Group 1 The Diamond uses RF energy only for its internal function.
Emissions Therefore, the RF emission is very low and not likely to cause
CISPR11 any interference in nearby electronic equipment.
Radio-Frequency Class B The Diamond is suitable for use in all establishments,
Emissions including domestic establishments and those directly
CISPR11 connected to the public low-voltage power supply network
that supplies buildings used for domestic purposes.
Harmonic emissions Not The Diamond is suitable for use in all establishments,
applicable including domestic establishments and those directly
IEC 61000-3-2 connected to the public low-voltage power supply network
Voltage Not The Diamond is suitable for use in all establishments,
fluctuations/ applicable including domestic establishments and those directly
flicker emissions connected to the public low-voltage power supply network
IEC 61000-3-3
Table 9.1 Electromagnetic emissions IEC 60601-1-2

9 Specifications
Immunity Test IEC 60601-1-2 Compliance Electromagnetic Environment

Test Level Level
Electrostatic ± 2, 4, 6 kV for ± 2, 4, 6 kV for Floors are wood, concrete, or ceramic

discharge (ESD) contact discharge contact discharge tile, or floors are covered with
IEC 61000-4-2 ± 2, 4, 8 kV for air ± 2, 4, 8 kV for air synthetic material and the relative
discharge discharge humidity is at least 30 percent.
Electrical fast ± 2 kV for power ± 2 kV for power Mains power quality is that of a
transient/burst supply lines supply lines typical commercial and/or hospital
IEC 61000-4-4 environment
± 1 kV for ± 1 kV for
input/output input/output
lines lines
Surge ± 1 kV differential ± 1 kV differential Mains power quality is that of a
IEC 61000-4-5 mode mode typical commercial and/or hospital
± 2 kV common ± 2 kV common environment.
mode mode
Voltage dips, 0 % Un for 5 sec 0 % Un for 5 sec Mains power quality is that of a
short typical commercial and/or hospital
interruptions and environment. If the user of the
voltage Diamond requires continued
variations on operation during power mains
power supply interruptions, it is recommended that
input lines the Diamond be powered from an
IEC 61000-4-11 uninterruptible power supply or a
battery.
Power frequency 3 A/m 3 A/m Power frequency magnetic fields are
(50/60 Hz) at levels characteristic of a typical
magnetic field location in a typical commercial and/
IEC 61000-4-8 or hospital environment.
NOTE: Un is the a.c. mains voltage prior to application of the test level.
Table 9.2 Electromagnetic immunity IEC 60601-1-2

9 Specifications
Immunity IEC Compliance Electromagnetic

Test 60601-1-2 Level Environment
Test Level
Portable and mobile RF communications equipment

are used no closer to any part of the Diamond,
including cables, than the recommended separation
distance calculated from the equation appropriate for
the frequency of the transmitter.
Recommended Separation Distance:

Conducted 3 V150 kHz to [ V1 ] 3 V 3,5
RF IEC 80 MHz d =[ ] P
61000-4-6 V1
Radiated 3 V/m80 MHz [ E1 ] 3 V/m 3,5

RFIEC to 2,5 GHz d =[ ] P
E1 80 MHz to 800 MHz
61000-4-3
7
d =[ ] P
E1 800 MHz to 2,5 GHz
Where P is the maximum output power rating of the

transmitter in watts (W) according to the transmitter
manufacturer and d is the recommended separation
distance in meters (m).Field strengths from fixed RF
transmitters, as determined by an electromagnetic site
survey,* are less than the compliance level in each
frequency range.** Interference may occur in the
vicinity of equipment marked with the following
symbol:
*Field strengths from fixed transmitters, such as base stations for cellular telephones and land mobile
radios, amateur radio, AM and FM radio broadcast, and TV broadcast cannot be estimated accurately.
To assess the electromagnetic environment due to fixed RF transmitters, an electromagnetic site
survey should be performed. If the measured field strength exceeds the RF compliance level above,
observe the Diamond to verify normal operation in each use location. If abnormal performance is
observed, additional measures may be necessary, such as re-orienting or relocating the Diamond.
**Over the frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz, field strengths are less than [V1] V/m.
The Recommended Separation Distances are listed in the next table.
Note: These guidelines may not apply in all situations. Electromagnetic propagation is affected by
absorption and reflection from structures, objects, and people.
Table 9.3 RF immunity of non-life-support equipment or system IEC 60601-1-2

9 Specifications
Recommended Separation Distances for Portable and Mobile RF Communications Equipment IEC
60601-1-2
Frequency of 150KHz to 80 MHz 80 MHz to 800 MHz 800 MHz to 2,5 GHz
Transmitter
3,5 3,5 7
Equation d =[ ] P d =[ ] P d =[ ] P
V1 E1 E1
Rated Maximum Separation Distance Separation Distance Separation Distance

Output Power of (meters) (meters) (meters)
Transmitter (watts)
0.01 0.12 0.12 0.23

0.1 0.37 0.37 0.74
1 1.17 1.17 2.34
10 3.69 3.69 7.38
100 11.67 11.67 23.34
Table 9.4 Recommended Separation Distances for Portable and Mobile RF Communications Equipment IEC 60601-1-2

9 Specifications

10 Schematics/Layouts
The name Alpha X in the schematics/lay-outs is the project code name of
Diamond. The exact board locations are described in chapter 7.2,
Electrical board and mains transformer locations. Documentation coding
of the schematics will change over time to format XXXXX-IMG rev X
instead of e.g. XXXXX-4K_. The root number will remain the same.
Document Name Document code

AMD Board 32305-3S_, 32305-4K_
AEC Board 85001-3S_, 85001-3K_
Generator Board 85003-3S_, 85003-3K_
Collimator Board 85009-3S_, 85009-3K_
Drive Board 85011-3S_, 85011-4K_
Stereo Board 85013-3S_, 85013-3K_
Power Board 85020-3S_, 85020-3K_
Compression Board 85022-3S_, 85022-3K_
Compression Display Board 85024-4S_, 85024-4K_
Caslock Sensor Board 85026-4S_, 85026-4K_
Tacho Board 85028-4S_, 85028-4K_
Sensor2 Board 85030-4S_, 85030-4K_
Collimator Sense Board 85032-4S_, 85032-4K_
Csense Board 85065-4S_, 85065-4K_
Control Panel 85069-3S_, 85069-3K_
Supervisor Board 85078-3S_, 85078-3K_
Casopto Board 85090-4S_, 85090-4K_
Flatcable Adapter Board 85094-4S_, 85094-4K_
Flat cable for membrane switches 86000-4S_
of Control panel
AEC Membrane Switch 86001-3S_
Vertical Membrane Switch 86002-4S_
Tube Park Switch 86003-4S_
Projection Switches 86004-4S_
Stereo Switch 86005-4S_
Tube Cover Switches 86006-4S_
Color letter equivalencies:

Coding BK BN RD OG YE GN BU VT
system 1
Coding MU RU PU OR KE VI SI VT
system 2
Coding GY WH PK GD TQ SR GNYE
system 1
Coding HA VA VP KU TU HO KEVI
system 2


85011-3SB.sch-1 - Fri Jan 12 13:08:58 2001
85011-3SB.sch-2 - Fri Jan 12 13:10:16 2001
If needed, these srews
can also be assembled from
left to right.
85021-3FB
M7 R154
M7
M13
M13 1
R153
M12
M12 Aine Pinta Pintak?s.
Liittyy Nimitys
Yleistoleranssi Suhde POWER BOARD

Merkki Muut.no Muutos Piirt. Tark. Hyv. SFS 4011-
Laite
C 80438 Lisätty R156 6.6.02/NJ 10.6.02 HK 10.6.02 TJ Piirt.

ALPHA X
No.
B 80013 KORJATTU NUMEROINTEJA 100800NJ/SF 300800LTU 040900JJS 200400 PeJ
D 80453 Poistettu R156 050702NJ 30.8.02HK 2.9.02MJ
Tark.
20.06.00/NJ
Hyv.
21.06.00/HK
MGX-85020-3KD
85026-4s.sch-1 - Tue Jun 13 09:15:32 2000
85028-4SA.sch-1 - Tue Jun 11 08:30:43 2002
85030-4sA.sch-1 - Tue Jun 11 08:32:18 2002
85032-4SA.sch-1 - Thu Apr 12 12:29:27 2001
85065-4S.sch-1 - Tue Jun 13 09:16:48 2000
85069-3SA.sch-1 - Tue Oct 17 13:56:30 2000
85069-3SA.sch-2 - Tue Oct 17 13:56:49 2000
85069-3SA.sch-3 - Tue Oct 17 13:57:25 2000
85069-3SA.sch-4 - Tue Oct 17 13:57:09 2000
86000-4S.sch-1 - Mon Sep 25 09:15:29 2000
11 Cable drawings
11 Cable drawings
The name Alpha X in the cable drawings is the project code name of
Diamond. The location of the cables can be checked in the Appendices
section. Documentation coding of the cable drawings will change over
time to format XXXXX-IMG rev X instead of e.g. XXXXX-4K_. The root
number will remain the same.

Cable W 530 - ID II cable for order code 30794,
Diamond schematic not available here
Main cable CB10 85016-3J_
Cable SB1 85017-4J_
Cable SB31 85018-4J_
Cable PW20 85019-4J_
Flat cable CS1 85035-4J_
Cable CS3 85037-3J_
Cable CS4 85038-4J_
Cable CS20 85039-4J_
Cable PW1 85056-4J_
Cable PW2 85057-4J_
Cable PW3 85058-4J_
Main Cable CB30 85062-3J_
Cable SB40 85064-4J_
Cable CS0 85077-4J_

11 Cable drawings

Cable CS6 85080-4J_
Cable SB2 85081-4J_
Cable CS5 85082-4J_
Electrical outlet cable 85083-4J_
Intermediate electrical outlet cable 85084-4J_
Cable CS7 85085-4J_
Cable CB1 85086-4J_
Cable CS9 85087-4J_
Foot pedal cable 85089-4J_
Cable SB1b 85098-4J_
Cable SB1c 85100-4J_
Warning light cable 85101-4J_
Program download cable 85102-4J_
JTAG programming cable order code 85105,
schematic not available here
Cable drawing for network part 85106-4J_
Diamond cables and panels 85115-2L_

Aine
Piirt.
Tark.
C
Merkki
Liittyy
SFS 4011-
Yleistoleranssi
070600 NJ
050400 PeJ
Muut.no
80557
Hyv.
Suhde
MOLEX 90160-0110
Muutos
-:-
070600 JJS
Nippusiteet korttien viereen (2kpl)
Pinta
Nimitys
1 2 HA, 855 AWG24 HA
4
VA, 750 AWG24 VA
3
SI, 750 AWG24 700 SI SI 115 60
9
Tarkennettu kuvan tietoja
OR, 750 AWG24 OR OR 115

9 10 1
ST X2
MOLEX 90119-0110
Johdot tulevat
5 3 2 4 1 1 4 2
KAAPELI CS20
juotospuolelta
ja juotetaan
komponenttipuolelta
No.
Piirt.
Laite
Pintak„s.
050503LK
MGX
85028 TACHO BOARD
Tark.
85028 TACHO BOARD

8.5.03HK
EPS YLÄRAJA EPS ALARAJA

Johtimet 300V UL
Hyv.
Johdinsuojat UL
MGX 85039-4JC
-------
MOLEX 90160-0110
Johdot sekä asennetaan että juotetaan

korttien juotospuolelle.
MOLEX 90119-0110
Johtimet sidotaan yhteen nippusiteillä (3 kpl)
10 mm:n etäisyydellä levyjen reunoista.
5 VI AWG24, 470 VI VI VI VI VI
1 2 HA AWG24, 330 HA HA HA SI, 120 SI
4 50
RU AWG24, 330 RU RU RU OR, 120 OR
3 50
KE AWG24, 210 KE SI, 120 SI
2
SI AWG24, 210 160 SI OR, 120 OR
10
9 10 1 OR AWG24, 210 OR
7 VA AWG24, 760 VA
ST X3 6 PU AWG24, 700 PU
SI
6 1 4 2 3 5 1 2 5 6 3 4 1 4 2
TACHO BOARD SENSOR BOARD TACHO BOARD
85028 85030 85028
STEREO-LEFT15-POS STEREO-MIDDLE-POS STEREO-RIGHT15-POS
1
3
STEREO-RLIMIT
3
1
2
SI AWG24, 70
VA 1
SI AWG24, 500
1
STEREO-LLIMIT
3
440
PU
3 2
JOHTIMET 300V UL CEMBRE RF-F 305P tai
JOHDINSUOJAT UL 4 KPL ABIKO B0,5-6ET

Aine Pinta Pintak„s.
Liittyy Nimitys
Yleistoleranssi Suhde KAAPELI CS22

Merkki Muut.no Muutos Piirt. Tark. Hyv. SFS 4011-
Laite
B 80483 Tarkennetaan kuvaan tietoja 211102TMV 25.11.02HK 25.11.02HKePiirt. MGX

No.
A 80001 Lisätty stereon rajamikrojen johdot 310500PeJ 060600NJ 060600JJS 260500 PeJ
C 80557 Päivitetty oikea liitinkoodi 050503LK 8.5.03HK -------
Tark.
060600 NJ
Hyv.
060600 JJS
MGX 85046-3JC
Aine
STEREON MOOTTORI (SAMA KUIN C-MOOTTORI)
Piirt.
B
Tark.
Merkki
Liittyy
Ostokoodi 22641
Koneistettuna 82016
SFS 4011-
Yleistoleranssi
CX21
070600 NJ
120100 PeJ
Muut.no
RU
80557
1
M
Hyv.
VI
Suhde
2
2 1
Muutos
-:-
MOLEX 1190-T
070600 JJS
MOLEX 3191-2P
(ei kuulu tilaukseen) (ei kuulu tilaukseen)
KIERRETÄÄN PARIKSI 15KIERROSTA.
Pinta
Nimitys
STM CX21
MOLEX 3191-2R
ST X16
MOLEX 1189-T
Tarkennetaan kuvan tietoja
RU, 700 AWG16 RU

1 1 2 1
4 1 VI, 700 AWG16 VI
2 2
5 2 OR, 700 AWG24 560 OR
3
KE, 700 AWG24 KE STEREON MOOTTORI
6 3 5
6 SI, 700 AWG24 SI
KAAPELI CS28
MOLEX 5556-PBT 4 2 1
MOLEX 5557-6R
No.
Piirt.
Laite
Johdot tulevat
Pintak„s.
TACHO BOARD 85028
050503LK
juotospuolelta
MGX
ja juotetaan
Tark.
komponenttipuolelta
8.5.03HK
JOHTIMET 300V UL STEREON MOOTTORIN TACHO

JOHDINSUOJAT UL
Hyv.
MGX 85052-4JB
-------
Aine
Piirt.
Tark.
Merkki
Liittyy
POW X7
SFS 4011-
Yleistoleranssi
70
LIITINRIMA ENSTO KB223.10 2 1 2
Muut.no
MOLEX 5556-PBT
Hyv.
POW X1
Suhde
2 MOLEX 5556-PBT
Muutos
Abiko A2543R tai 3 1

Cembre BF-M4
4 160 4
5 3
6 MOLEX 5557-6R
Pinta
7 POW X2
Nimitys
8 2
9 210 1
2 4
10 4
MOLEX 5556-PBT 1 3
Kutistesukka 20
MOLEX 5557-4R
POW X3
160
3
230
2
RU
SI
MOLEX 1189-T
, 40
40 0
Nippuside UL 0
No.
MOLEX 3191-6R
Piirt.
Laite
2 Abiko A2507FLSF tai
Pintak„s.
Cembre BF-F 608P
RU AWG18
340 SI AWG18
Tark.
Johdinsuoja
Kuoritaan 7mm + holkitetaan

JOHTIMET 300V UL
Hyv.
JOHDINSUOJAT UL
Aine
Piirt.
A
Tark.
Merkki
Liittyy
SFS 4011-
Yleistoleranssi
070600 NJ
Muut.no
010999 PeJ
80557
Hyv.
Suhde
Muutos
-:-
070600 JJS
APEM A01ES+A0154B
(ei kuulu toimitukseen)
Pinta
Nimitys
Abiko A1503FLS5 tai
Cembre RF-F 305 tai
Päivitetty oikea liitinkoodi
Amp 165565-2
POW X15 C1 C3 CX13
MOLEX 5556-PBT MOLEX 5556-PBT
D1 D3
VI, 420 VI, 340
1 C1 C3 1
SI, 420 SI, 340
3 1 2 4
3 D1 D3 3
KAAPELI CS9
4 2 MU, 750 380 280 1 3
MU
2 2
RU, 750 RU
4 4
MOLEX 5557-4R
No.
MOLEX 5557-4R
Piirt.
Laite
Pintak„s.
050503LK
MGX
Motor-stop cable
Tark.
8.5.03HK
JOHTIMET AWG20, 300V UL

JOHDINSUOJAT UL
Hyv.
MGX 85087-4JA
-------
Aine
Piirt.
A
Tark.
Merkki
Liittyy
SFS 4011-
Yleistoleranssi
070600 NJ
010999 PeJ
Muut.no
80557
Hyv.
Suhde
Muutos
-:-
APEM A01ES+A0154B
070600 JJS
(ei kuulu toimitukseen)
Abiko A1503FLS5 tai

Cembre RF-F 305 tai
Pinta
Nimitys
MOLEX 5559-4P MOLEX 5558-PBT Amp 165565-2
CX13
Päivitetty oikea liitinkoodi
VI, 450 VI
1 C1
MU, 450 MU
2 C3 C1 C3
4 2
SI, 450 390 SI
3 1 3 D1 D1
KAAPELI CS10
D3
RU, 450 RU
4 D3
No.
Piirt.
Laite
Pintak„s.
050503LK
MGX
Motor-stop cable
Tark.
8.5.03HK
JOHTIMET AWG20, 300V UL

Hyv.
JOHDINSUOJAT UL
MGX 85088-4JA
-------
12 Appendices
12 Appendices
This chapter includes a Diamond architecture diagram and test display
point lists. For software block diagrams as well as a list of factory default
settings, AEC calibration sheet, AEC detector pattern, refer to appendices
of the Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-IMG). Note that the name
Alpha X in the diagram is a project code name of Diamond.
12.1 PARAMETER PROGRAMMING WITH CONTROL PANEL
NOTE!
For smooth parameter setup and adjustment, we recommend the
optional Diamond Service Software (87502).
Service program menu contains special programs for system setups,

calibration and diagnostics. You can enter into the service mode by
pressing and buttons of the control panel down simultaneously.
The following screen appears:
Then press Set-key to enter the GROUPS screen:
Diamond service mode interface have been divided into several topic
groups in which the system setting and parameters can be changed:
A: System setup B: Defaults C: Diagnostics

D: AEC E: C-Arm Rotation F: Collimator
G: Compression H: Filter I: Generator
J: Tube Park K: Stereo Movement L: Physicist mode
Scroll with Up or Down-keys until the required group is between the

brackets as illustrated in the example. Press Accept to enter the group.
The following sections describe each group and available parameter
choices. In parameter sub-screens, accept the changes with Accept-key
or cancel the changes with the Cancel-key. Then Diamond returns to the
group screen.
You can exit the service mode by pressing kV- and Den-buttons down
simultaneously.

12 Appendices
For graphic description of the Diamond software functions, refer to

Diamond Installation Instructions (86501-IMG), Appendices section,
Software block diagrams.
12.2 LOADING SOFTWARE WITH OLD FLASH LOADER

Diamond software consists of Flash Memory and Battery RAM. The
software itself is stored in the Flash Memory while the settings are stored
in the Battery RAM.
NOTE!
Flash Loader can only be used if, the all previous software versions have
been uploaded with Flash Loader.
CAUTION!
If the previous software version has been uploaded with Diamond Service
Software, then the Flash Loader cannot upload the software and is likely
to render the existing software useless. Use of Diamond Service Software
is recommended.
WARNING!
Before you start up the Flash Loader-program, close all other programs,
especially the ones using COM-ports. Simultaneously run programs may
severely disturb the software loading process.
1 Install Flash Loader-program to your computer. If it has already been

installed, proceed to next step.
2 Start up the Flash Loader-program by double-clicking the program
icon. The following screen appears:

12 Appendices
3 Click Advanced-button to change installation parameters. The COM

port and Communication Time-out can be changed in this screen.
These settings are session-specific, not stored as new defaults.
4 Select the directory where the .bin-files are stored. This is performed
by writing the directory name on the Bin, file path-field or clicking the
browse button (...) and searching for the correct directory on hard
disk.
When you find the correct directory, click any of the .bin-files listed.
Diamond will then set up default path. If the directory has already been
defined, you can proceed to next step.
Connecting Diamond to the laptop

5 Switch Diamond off.
6 Connect Diamond to a laptop with a RS serial cable (to COM1-port).
7 Press Connect-button and switch Diamond on.
After the connection has been successfully established, the screen

displays a green light above the Connect-button.

12 Appendices
8 If the green light for connection is displayed, the old software files
can be erased. Do not erase if a red light is displayed!
WARNING!
During the software upload process, do not exit the process or switch off
the unit. When the software files have been erased, restarting the unit will
be complicated. In case blackouts occur in the environment where the
unit ahs been placed, it is recommend to have an UPS or similar electrical
back-up system while uploading the software.
WARNING!
The deleted software files cannot be restored. Before you start loading a
new software version, write down all important service menu settings.
Then continue the loading process to the end.
9 Press Erase-button to empty the Flash Memory
At this point, the system has no operational software. Do not switch off
the power. Proceed to next step to install required software files.
10 Click Load-button to start installation. This will take a couple of

minutes. During the loading, the screen will display the progress by
an load indicator bar.
In case you get an error message “Error opening file”, check that the file
path is correct.

12 Appendices
When the software has been loaded, the connection light turns red and
the following information is displayed:
11 Click OK-button to quit the Flash Loader-program
NOTE!
In case the electricity went off during the software upload, or for some
other reason the unit will not start, call manufacturer for further
instructions.
12.3 DIAMOND TEST DISPLAYS

In service mode, Diamond Control Panel displays various figures that
convey information about the system condition. The printout of the
screen items is included in appendices.
1 Enter service mode

2 Press button 3 (the right-most button below Control Panel LCD-
screen.
3 Press button 2 (in the middle, below LCD-screen). Screen displays
various test figures.
4 Check out listing of the page number in upper left corner of the LCD-
screen.
5 Press button 3 to scroll through pages 1-4.
6 After you have finished with test displays, exit the screen with -key
and exit the service mode.

12 Appendices

General Electric Company reserves the right to make changes in specification and features shown herein, or discontinue the product described at any time without notice or obligation. Contact your GE
representative for the most current information.
Copyright © 2005 by General Electric Company Inc. All rights reserved.

GE Healthcare Finland Oy, a General Electric company, going to market as GE Healthcare.
World Headquarters
GE Healthcare
P.O. Box 414, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 U.S.A.
European Headquarters
GE Healthcare - Europe:
Paris, France - Fax +33-1-30-70-94-35
Asia Pacific
GE Healthcare -Asia:
Tokyo, Japan - Fax +81-425-85-5490
Hong Kong - Fax: +852-2559-3588
www.gehealthcare.com
Diamond
Service Manual, English
86502-IMG rev 2 Printed in Finland 06/2005

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General

Revision history table

Conventions used in this document

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 1-3

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare i

1-ii GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 1-iii

1-iv GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 1-v

4 Parameter programming and software

This manual has been divided into separate software, mechanical,

Software section helps to calibrate and to set up correct parameters for

Diamond buttons are described in Diamond Operation Instructions

4.2 SERVICE MODE OVERVIEW

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 4-1

A: System setup B: Defaults C: Diagnostics

For graphic description of the Diamond software functions, software

4.2.1 A: System setup

This service program is used to set and adjust system and

System Parameters - PrA01

4-2 GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

Communication Setup - PrA02, NOT USED at the moment.

This service program is used to set and adjust default parameters.

Start Up mode settings - PrB01

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 4-3

Bucky settings - PrB02 - NOT USED at the moment.

4-4 GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

Magnification settings - PrB03 - NOT USED at the moment.

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 4-5

Contact settings - PrB04 - NOT USED at the moment.

4-6 GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

QA Mode settings - PrB05

Preprog1-4 settings - PrB06-9

4.2.3 C: Diagnostics - NOT USED

The service program C: Diagnostics is not used at the moment.

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 4-7

In service program D:AEC/Target times (PrD05) the min/max values for

Functional description of AEC full automatic mode

The initial kV is automatically selected based on the compressed breast

The Auto kV performance can be optimized and configured according to

Thickness compensation adjustment

Diamond uses a thickness compensation method, which compensates for

Amount of rotation r1 and r2

Parameters r1 and r2 determine the amount of compensation with

4-8 GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

Compensation curve slope parameters S1 and S2

Parameters S1 and S2 determine the curve slope for exposure times

Fig 4.2. Effect of parameter S2

AutoPoint feature to select the most appropriate detector(s) and calculate

– consistent selection of the detector based on actual breast

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 4-9

The AutoPoint Coefficient for each pre-programmed mode can be set in

Coefficient range Amount measured with Amount measured with

4-10 GE Healthcare 86502-IMG rev 2

Diamond PaddleLogic feature enables adjustment of the collimation and

Ask whether the customer wants to collimate according to the paddle or

Paddle related collimation can be adjusted in service programs PrF01 for

86502-IMG rev 2 GE Healthcare 4-11

Detector selection by paddle type

Perform required changes in all groups:

AEC Setup - PrD01

AEC gains - PrD02

Detector C2 0.7 to 1.30 Detector specific gain factor that