196 Chapter 3 = One-Dimensional, SteadyState Conduction faced, 28 kg/m’) and 12-mam layer of gypeuim (Verm- calite) wall boa. 130mm | a aay fom What is the thermal resistance associated with a wall {hat is 2.5 m high by 6.5 m wide (having 10 studs, each 2.5 m high)? Assume surfaces normal to the x-dtection ae isothermal. Work Problem 3.19 assuming surfaces parallel fo the scdirestion are adiabatic Consider the oven of Problem 1.54. The walls of the oven consist of L = 30-mmethick layers of insulation characterized by ka, ~ 0.03 Wha-K that ate sand wiched between two thin layers of sheet metal, The exterior surface of the oven ie expored to air at 23°C With hog = 2Win!+K. The interior oven air tempera ture is 180°C. Neglecting radiation heat ansfer, deter tine the steady-state hest ux through the oven walls ‘when the convection mode is disabled and the free con- vection coellicient at the inuer oven surface it ‘ny = 3Wits!-K, Determine the heat ux through the ‘oven walls when the convection mode is activated, in which case the forced convection coefficient at the inner oven surface is hy, = 27 Wim’ K. Does operation of the oven in its convection mode resul in signif cantly increased heat losses from the oven to the Iitchen? Would your conchusion change if radiation \Were included in your analysis? ‘The composite wall ofan oven consist of three mate als, two of which are of known thermal conductivity, ky = 20 Wim-K and ky = 50 Wim-K, and known tiekness, L,= 030 m and Le=0.1Sm. The third material, B, which is sandwicked between materials A and C, is of known thickness, Z_ = 0.15 m, but ‘unknown thermal conductivity ky. “fe a * w Bk ee! Under steady-state operating conditions, measurements reveal an outer surface temperature of T,, = 20°C, an finner surface temperature of T,, = 600°C, and an oven sur temperature of T. = 800°C. The inside convection coefficient his known to he 25 Whn'-K, What is the value of by? 3.49 The wall of a drying oven is constructed by sandwich- ing an insulation material of taermal conductivity k (0.05 Wien-K erween thin metal sheets. The oven aris at TT, = 300°C, and the coespending convection coefl- 30Wim!sK. The inner wall surface absorbs a radiant Bux of gf = 100 Wins from hotter objects Within the oven, The room at is at T., = 25°C, and the overall coefficient for convection and radiation from the outer surface ish, = 10 Wimn!-K oy fs 1 bet ott (@) Draw the thermal circuit for the wall and label all temperatures, heat rates, ad thermal resistances. (©) What insulation thickness Lis required to maintain the outer wall surface at a safe-to-ouch tempera ture of 7, = 40°C? “The # = d-mm-thick glass windows of an automobile have a surface area of A= 2.6mm, The outside temper- ature is T.,, = 32°C while the passenger compartment is maintained at T,~ 22°C. The convection heat transfer coeficient on the exterior window surface is +h, = 90 Wins?-K, Determine the heat goin through the Windows when the interior convection heat trnsler coefficient is hy ~ 15 WatK. By contolling the ai flow in the passenger compartment the interior heat transfer coelficient can be reduced to h, = 5 Wim?-K without sacrificing passenger comfort. Determine the ‘heat gain though the window for the reduced inside heat transfer coefficient, 320 ‘3.21 The thermal characteristics of «small, dormitory rerig- erator are determined by performing two separate experiments, each with the doa closed and the relriger- stor placed in ambient air at 7, = 25°C. In one case, an electric heater is suspended in the relrigerator cavity, while th refrigerator is unplugged. With the heater dis- sipating 20W, a steady-state temperature of 90°C is recorded within the cavity, With the heater removed ‘and the reftigerator now in operation, the second exper- {ment involves maintaining a steady-state cavity tem- perature of $°C for a fixed time interval and recording the electrical energy required to operate the relrigers+ tor. In such an experiment for which steady operation is ‘maintained over a 12-hour period, the input electical energy is 125,000 1, Determine the religeratr's coefi- cient of performance (COP), 3.22 Inthe design of buildings, energy conservation require- ‘ments dictate that the exterior surface aea, A, be mii= mized, This requirement implies that fora desired floor