Clune, W. H., & Zehnder, A. J. B. (2020).

The evolution of sustainability models, from

descriptive, to strategic, to the three pillars framework for applied solutions.
Sustainability Science, 15(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-019-00776-8
The authors discuss the three pillars of the sustainability framework for applied solutions
while providing the evolution of the sustainability models and example cases to test the
framework. Critical points in the evolution path of the sustainability models are the new
approach called the three pillars of sustainability framework, which is more practical and
supports the new economy so that the society can easily accept sustainability projects. The
three pillars of sustainability are based on the three key roles that are most effective and
sustainable when engaging all three: technology and innovation; laws and governance; and
economics and financial incentives. To better understand the community and the stakeholders,
the framework is used to convert complicated sustainability issues into ideas. The evolution of
sustainability models started in 1972, focusing on the Earth’s resources and later realizing the
modern concept of sustainability and the relationship between society, culture, and economy.
Nine cases are carried out to visualize the need to have all three pillars engaged. An example
of an alternative such as zeolites being produced to reduce the use of phosphate shows that it
can only be achieved with the support of technology and innovation. Laws and governance
support sustainability projects by enabling the implementation of projects. For example, a
lack of action and over-exploitation may destroy the fishing ecosystems without the
governance efforts. The DJSI is an excellent example showing the differences between
sustainability leaders and those who pay no attention to the issues. In conclusion,
sustainability solutions can not be successfully implemented without the cooperation of the
three pillars framework. All three pillars must be introduced widely to ensure excellent
results.

Regarding the topic of fast fashion, the article can be beneficial. It provides an understanding
of how the three pillars' connections are crucial to sustainability solutions. Even if the
solutions are potential, the lack of one pillar can prevent the projects from succeeding. It is
crucial to combine the three pillars when conceptualizing and funding new sustainability
solutions for the issue of fast fashion. The use of technology in fast fashion is necessary to
find an alternative for deposing thrown-away clothing instead of leaving it in landfills. Good
governance to brand owners prevents more labor accidents and ensures employee payments.

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Creating market incentives such as charging companies for C02 emit would prevent them
from mass-producing with such low prices, making the environment worse. The article
provides a broad knowledge of how and why the three pillars should be engaged at once.

Herremans, I. M., & Reid, R. E. (2002). Developing Awareness of the Sustainability

Concept. The Journal of Environmental Education, 34(1), 16–20.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00958960209603477
The authors discuss the way of using the sustainability triad framework as a teaching tool to
help students understand and recognize the concept of sustainability in a concrete form and
improve the environmental curriculum as their primary focus. Giving background information
about the environment education states how classrooms these days are neglecting the need to
provide students with educational programs to develop an awareness of sustainable living.
Using the sustainability triad as a framework for case analysis offers several pedagogical
advantages. It is easier for students to understand the three dimensions and the links among
them thoroughly, develop higher skills and understand where barriers to achieving
sustainability originate. A case study of Waterton Lakes National Park was included as an
example of how stakeholders' values can be crucial to sustainability. A discussion of analysis
about identifying the congruencies and conflict among the three dimensions was brought for
the students to discuss the solutions to achieve sustainability. To understand how stakeholders'
values can be crucial to sustainability, it is vital that the students understand their values and
be aware of the difficulty of seeking solutions for the unsustainability. The analysis
emphasizes using the sustainability triad of providing education for the environment and
students understanding their environmental manner. By using a familiar case study, students
can better relate to and understand how values drive the result of sustainability as a member
of society.

Regarding the sustainability of fast fashion in developing countries, the article can be
beneficial. It provides key definitions of the three dimensions, which is vital for a broader
understanding of the concept of sustainability when analyzing the impact on the three. The
analysis of congruency and conflict of the national park is somehow related to consumerism
as in the topic of fast fashion because there are conflicts among the three dimensions that are
unable to find a solution. For example, the need to invest in technologies to minimize the

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amount of labor used in production so as to avoid labor injury and labor abuse, but the
problem of unemployment could not be solved. The three continuums that students need to
look into to understand their values can also be used for brands and consumers. The article
provides clear definitions and broad information about the links among the three dimensions.