3 kA

M-
k 42,R2

w M
M Mww
kg

Cam be mede
ao
eqv
Th Combnahon
kg aurd k
p STfun ke

Whna
Fr elmarnt1

, u ) ,- («-)
For elkmamt &Eqvt)

Rk (u-u),R° = ke(1-uf)
Foy etamosat 4

R= kalu), R= ky (u1-u,)
Fo7 eumunt
R- k (u-u)
RS=k lu ),
Nubng e o Conphll
u=u=y" =
u,
ii
I7 u =u =U,
(N) U==U
 hna eq m globa rm

7R k[ui) Rk(u-vo)

, R=k (-u)
ke(uu), e

R1-,(ut),- ku(4")
R=k(g-Us), R=ks(
Wuing e by ballamcinq_TC
R F
RRe + RgRI
R + 4R= Ra

Sub qlobal un balancrd eq

= F -0
(a)(a -u,)= , o -k, U,

4-k32 +kuU
-

kyu,
(b) Ku-k,U
+
k2u t+ka4 -()
R
ku) 2(ktks)+- Ug ky =

u, (K+ka+kat *
ugr
(c), a4 tkaa-k3 *kUz-kg =R
g) +u,+kgtkg) ua(-kr) R
=

-Uky-k + (kuths)uz R3
)
h eq
O uo

- (kd a)
 Ug, R3
MM-

ww U2R2
M- M
M-

).
kng thu talabal Enags a usen bu mchar

"(-u)-R,ul-R u+Jvelu)-R,'u

unr Compal.ys
7 4=Up , i u=u =uf= u
it ue =y= U2 iv u =u =U3

Whn
U,U
(4o, u, )
Asfron fumchor Sr=0,
As Imduidual,
i7 = k4o-)-R=o

S= 0=k (uue)-RR-kel4-4a) -kylu

S 7 =00= ke (U-)-Re-kg ug-u,)- RS=o

u(U, -t,) -R t+SU-2)-RS=o

 2 R= R

Re4R,S=F2

Thu Obtai ad eq me

(a) ko-ki4= F )
-u
kt ktkatug+uu)u,[ez4 kg) k R
C)Lua-Lu, t lau-gu, 4 ks kg-U

-u ku
-4,ky ku +(ku1uç)u-
Wgn Mabny m
k O F

-k (kl gty)-kla) k,Ja

- gtg)
katkgt