PHYSICS Paper# 9 Chap Wise

QUESTION # 2:
i) Define atomic mass number. Write its symbol and equation.

ii) Write a note on cosmic radiation.

iii) Define fission reaction.

iv) What is meant by isotopes? Write the names of isotopes of hydrogen.

v) What is meant by radioactive elements?

vi) How much of a 1g sample of pure radioactive substance would be left un-decayed after
four half-lives?

vii) Define atom and write its basic particles.

viii) Write the example of gamma decay.

QUESTION # 3:
i) What is radioactivity?

ii) Define half life. Also write the half life of radium 226.

iii) Define nuclear fission.

iv) State two characteristics of β rays.

v) What is penetrating power?

vi) Write the chemical reaction for nuclear fission.

vii) Write difference between stable and un-stable nuclei.

viii) What is meant by ionization?

QUESTION # 4:
i) What is meant by background radiation? Enlist some sources of background radiation.

ii) What is meant by carbon dating? Write its uses.

iii) Write down two hazards of radiation.

iv) Write two characteristics of gamma rays.

PHYSICS Paper# 9 Chap Wise
v) What is difference between atomic number and atomic mass number? Give a symbolical
representation of a nuclide.

vi) How is fission chain reaction controlled?

vii) Write general equation of alpha decay.

viii) What is difference between natural and artificial radioactivity?

LONG QUESTIONS
Q5: A) Explain the process of “natural radioactivity.”

b) Cobalt-60 is a radioactive element with half-life of 5.25 years. What fraction of the original
sample will be left after 26 years?

6: A) Define nuclear fission and explain it.

B) Carbon-14 has a half life of 5730 years. How long will it take for the quantity of carbon-14
in a sample to drop to one-eighth of the initial quantity?

Q7: A) What do you understand by half-life of a radioactive element?

B) Ashes from a camp fire deep in a cave show carbon-14 activity of only one-eighth the
activity of fresh wood. How long ago was that campfire made?

FIZZAH AZAM .