The Earth Ecosystem includes population, community,

habitat, and the environment.

Ecology 5. Biome
- branch of biology 6. Biosphere – is the world of life. Part of
- Primary focus is individual’s the earth where life operates.
(organisms) relationship with the
environment (physical sorrounding). The Ecosystem
- deals with what is outside of the - to the environment of life.
organism. - Living things interacting w/ non living
- Greek word “oikos” meaning environment.
household or home “logus” the study - self-sustaining, structural and
of. functional unit of biosphere.
- A multi disciplinary science - foundations of the Biosphere
- determine the health of the entire
Environment earth system.
- involves both living organisms and the - may be natural or artificial, land-based
non-living physical conditions. or water-based.
- a life supporting system.
- All life systems interact with the Ecosystem based on Region:
environment for food, shelter, growth *Terrestrial
and development. - Forest
- Grassland
LAWS OF ECOLOGY - Thundra
1. Everything is connected to everything else. - dessert
2. There is strength & stability in the unity of *Aquatic
differences. - Fresh water
3. Consumption must not exceed production. - Marine
4. Everything has a purpose.
Structure of Ecosystem
Ecological Organization and their level
(least to greatest)
1. Individual
2. Population – is a group of organisms
of the same kind.
3. Community – is a group of the
population living together in a given
place.
4. Ecosystem – the basic unit of ecology.
It refers to the interaction between the
organism and its environment. It
Chemoautotrophs
- include nitrogen fixing bacteria located
in the soil, iron oxidizing bacteria
located in the lava beds, and sulfur
oxidizing bacteria located in deep sea
thermal vents.
Autotrophs - makes their own food
Heterotrophs - gets energy from food they
eat.
Saprotrophs - Get their food from dead
decaying matters ex: Fungi and yeast
- Food chain can be short or long
depending on the number of
consumers involved.
- Food chain is a pattern in nature in w/c
living things eat and are eaten by
other living things.
- Food chains follow a single path as
animals eat each other.

Scavenger
- Eat dead animal for energy
- Starts the decomposing process
- Large animals and makes foods for
decomposers.
Decomposer
- Get energy by breaking down remains
of dead organisms
- Smaller organism
- Make nutrients for plants and animals

FOOD WEB
Feeding Relationship and Trophic Level
- consists of all the food chains in a
- Plants and animals are linked closely
single ecosystem.
in a food chain.
- Each living thing in an ecosystem is
- Food chain is formed when plants
part of multiple food chains
(producers) are eaten by animals
- All of the interconnected and
(herbivores) and these herbivores are
overlapping food chains in an
eaten by other animals called
ecosystem make up a food web.
carnivores.