The Guardian view on India at a

crossroads: development, not dictatorship

 INDIA now having the most population is a

beneficial feature of its economic growth

 Hindu nationalism in India is writing an epitaph

for the country’s experiment with multi-ethnic
secular democracy

 Narendra Modi’s Bhartiya Janata party has

weakened institutions meant to keep the state
both transparent and accountable

 Mr. Modi’s bet is that a single Hindu identity can

transcend Indian society’s faultiness of religion,
caste, region and language.

  India’s last parliamentary session was the least

productive since 1952.

 India’s economic growth due to population and right

government compared with China
I have taken the third topic which is The Guardian view
on India at a crossroads: development, not dictatorship
India in 2023 is the biggest population in the world the it is
beneficial to India in many ways, the country has a big man
power, which means basically having more labour. So, this
has a lot of beneficial ways but the most common is more
production in terms of other countries. when there is more
labour production is more which is directly proportional to
the country’s economic growth.
Hindu nationalism in India is writing an epitaph for the
country’s experiment with multi-ethnic secular democracy.
Narendra Modi’s Bhartiya Janata party (BJP) has weakened
institutions meant to keep the state both transparent and
accountable. Information is censored, civil society hounded and
protests suppressed. It is absurd that opposition leaders have
been targeted to the extent that Mr. Modi’s main rival – Rahul
Gandhi – is currently disqualified from parliament. Such is the
polarization in politics that India’s last parliamentary session was
the least productive since 1952. Mr Modi’s party has bent state
institutions to service its ideology. This has effectively
rendered minorities second-class citizens. The suppression
of the civil rights of the world’s largest minority group,
about 200 million Muslims, is unlikely to be viable over a
long period without giving up on democracy. This would
be a terrible outcome for India and the world.
Most western countries only enfranchised all voters after
industrialising. India had been an exception to the rule
that capitalism comes before democracy. Its citizens
acquired the right to vote well before modern industrial
development. Autocrats have long claimed that democracy
was inefficient. That argument entrenches at best
“enlightened despotism”, but more often just brutal
dictatorship. Deng Xiaoping told foreign observers in 1987
that democracy on the mainland might be viable in “half a
century”. That prediction – of Chinese elections by 2037 –
looks unlikely to be fulfilled.
Until 1990, India’s per capita income was higher than that
of China; now it is only about a fifth of China’s. Beijing’s
success was to integrate into the world economy without
losing control of its domestic one. This was more about
economics than politics. Mr Modi’s bet is that a single
Hindu identity can transcend Indian society’s faultlines of
religion, caste, region and language. Yet his parliamentary
majority rests on the votes of just a quarter of the
electorate. Large parts of India, especially its more
developed regions, are resistant to his polarising politics.
His crackdown on dissent is about weakness, not strength.
India’s democratic reversal is also rooted in a development
model that suits global concerns rather than domestic
ones. Because of its economic heft, India is a member of
the G20. Its citizens, however, are the poorest in this
group. The richest 5% of Indians can consume the same
goods as the average Briton. Therefore the outside world
tends to be interested in Indian success as defined by the
growth in this class – as the greater their purchasing
power is, the larger the market for global goods and
services.
The latest Lamborghini sports car models, which cost
£400,000, are already sold out in India. But 350m Indians
went hungry in 2022, up from 190m in 2018. Rather than
taxing the rich and corporates to fund health and
education, the BJP has taxed the poor to pay for public
services. India added zero net new jobs over the
past decade, even as the number of people in the labour
force rose by more than 100 million. The country’s
democratic rise is far from assured. But for it to be
sustained, there must be a political consensus that
the prosperity of all its people, not just those at the top,
should be increased.

INDIA S ECONOMY IS GROWING RAPIDLY

India has a economy almost equal to China. India has
more democratic rules than China in terms of work our
facilities and equal rights. India’s Hinduism is making an
epitaph for the country. China China has a more
homogenous society with 92% of people being ethnically
Han Chinese. Religion is a very important part of Indian
society. India was the birthplace of 3 major world
religions. The majority of Chinese people are atheists, but
many still practice ancestor worship and folk religion.
China has the second-largest air force globally,
whereas IAF ranks fourth globally. China is the biggest
player in terms of production they have the biggest dams,
steel factories, nuclear power and has the biggest naval
army. Whereas China is a communist party ruling over
China Where as India is a parliamentary party going over
democracy .
Experts are of the opinion that India has performed
better than China in the financial sector. Indian bond
market is known as one of the most liquid in Asia, which is
well regulated . India is known as one of the best countries
in the world in the way the financial sector is managed