Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Dr. Irfan Zafar

Post Doctorate visiting research fellow at
University of Huddersfield (U.K)
(AI research group: Telecommunications
& Business)
Ph.D. (IT), M.Sc. (Digital Electronics),
King's College London. (U.K)
SM/HOD Academics, PTCL Academy.
Objectives

 After going through this workshop the participants will be able to:

 Understand Artificial Intelligence

 Artificial Intelligence in Telecommunications

 Artificial Intelligence in Business

 Future of Artificial Intelligence

Research
Systems and Networking

 Advanced Network Architecture Group

 A healthy future for the Internet.
 Computation Structures Group
 Creation and development of high-performance, reliable and secure computing systems
that are easy to interact with.
 Database Group
 Research on all areas of database systems and information management.
 Decentralized Information Group
 Technologies that affect social change.
 Multicore Algorithmics
 Develop techniques for designing, implementing, and reasoning about multiprocessor
algorithms.
 Networks and Mobile Systems
 Research in many areas of networking: wireless networks, Internet architecture and
protocols, overlay and peer-to-peer networks, sensor networks, network security, and
networked systems.
 Parallel and Distributed Operating Systems
 Build and investigate software systems for parallel and distributed environments.
 Supertech Research Group
 Technologies that support scalable high-performance computing, including hardware,
software, and theory.
 From Analogue to the Digital World

Gaius Julius Caesar Napoléon Bonaparte

(12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821)
Roman politician and military general French statesman and military leader
Jobs at stake due to AI

 Healthcare  Bookkeeping clerks

 Insurance  Compensation and Benefits Managers

 Architects  Receptionists
 Couriers
 Journalists
 Proofreaders
 Teachers
 Computer Support Specialists (IT)
 Human Resources  Market Research Analysts
 Marketing and Advertising  Advertising Salespeople
 Lawyers  Retail Salespeople

 Law Enforcement  Bank tellers and Representatives

 Drivers
 Customer Services Assistants
 Chefs
 Data entry Clerks
 Telemarketers
Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
Human Brain
Human Brain weighs
about 3 pounds

It contains around
100 billion neurons
— cells that carry
information.
NEURONS
NEURONS
- Neurons are specialized cells of the
nervous system that transmit signals
throughout the body.

- Soma is the center of the neuron

called the nucleus of the cell.

- Neurons have long extensions that

extend out from the cell body called
dendrites and axons.

- Dendrites are extensions of neurons

that receive signals and conduct
them toward the cell body.

- Axons carry impulses away from the

cell body.
Dendrites (extensions of neurons that receive signals and conduct them toward the cell body)
are the extensions of the cells with many branches. Sometimes referred to as fibers. They
transmit impulses to the neuron cell body.
There is only one Axon that projects from each cell body which is a finer cable like projector.
It is elongated and generally carries impulses away from the cell body. Away from the soma.
NEURONS
 Sensory Neurons

They receives information from the outside world.

• Touch….from fingers/body
• Pain…from body
• Vision …Like eyes
• Hearing….from ears
• Taste….from tongue
Motor Neurons

They send impulses from ....

• Brain

…. And send them through muscles causing muscle contractions and affect the gland secretions.
The inter neuron doing “something”. It DECIDES (Intelligence) what to do?.
Example. Put hand on fire. Sensory neuron sends a message to interneuron or
associative neuron that its fire hot. Inter neuron DECIDES and sends a message
…move your hand which is transmitted. Motor neuron carries that message until
your muscles move your hand back.
The neural function is based on synaptic signaling (occurs between cells) the pathway that helps
in the transmission of signals process which is partly electrical and partly chemical.
The main purpose of the Nervous system is communications. It has control functions to
control your heart beat, breathing etc.
 In the central nervous system (CNS) the
decisions are made and the information is
stored.
 Any neuron that lives outside the brain and
spinal cord belongs to the peripheral nervous
system.
 Sensory pathways sense things from the
outside world like i.e. my hand is hot, oh that
fire is hot or pin is sharp it hurts when I touch.
Sensory pathways deliver that information to
the central nervous system.
 Motor pathways carry information from CNS.
 Somatic….raise a hand, flip a coin. Throw
baseball bat. U consciously and voluntarily
control.
 Autonomic….. Things u don’t think about. i.e.
control your heart beet 30 times in a minute
and then 2 times afterwards. U cant control
your heartbeat consciously.
 Sympathetic………bodies natural reaction to a
situation. Like bear coming…fight or flight or
you faint. Think of it has high adrenaline
 Parasympathetic……brings u back down to
earth .. less adrenaline.
 Frontal lobe …. for high
complex order thinking.
Math, logic, brain function,
nervous system, all stored
here … ability to store
information.
 Temporal…. Hearing, smell
 Occipital….vision…back of
the brain.
 Parietal lobe……. Speech,
taste.
Perceptron is an artificial representation of a neuron. It is similar to the functions of a
neuron in the brain. As neurons receive electrical signals from different sources (hear,
see, touch, smell, taste) and act like input to neuron. It’s like input to a program. When a
threshold is reached, they give output to other neurons)

Touch Smell

See

Hear

Taste
Researchers designed the Perceptron's to emulate this behavior. When a threshold is exceeded,
they will give an output (in case of neurons that threshold also exists).
Perceptron is basically a computer model or computerized machine devised to represent or
simulate the ability of the brain to recognize and discriminate.
Just as millions of neurons are connected together, we connect the perceptron's in the same
way.
The questions (challenge) is, how de we get the following from the perceptron’s
(representation of neurons).
So what can a computer do which is closest to the brain.
 See (Augmented Reality)

• Computer vision (machine learning). Computers can't actually see, but there are tools out
there and methods for making computers “see” things we humans can. ... The center
component of all computer vision is images (with videos you work with a bunch of images).

• See and understand both. They (computers) can see but understanding is a challenge
See & Track
See & Track (Vehicles / Objects)
Augmented Reality is based on “Deep Learning” …….. Multiple layers of images analyzations.
Touch
- What does a robot feel when it touches something? Little or nothing until now. But with the right
sensors, actuators (responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system) and software,
robots can be given the sense of feel -- or at least the ability to identify different materials by
touch. (Robotics)
- Like the human finger, sensor has a soft, flexible skin over a liquid filling.
Hear
Taste and Smell
- Smell and taste, are two senses that have a clear chemical base.
- If computers can sense the types of molecules — ammonia, explosive residue or gasses that
indicate decay — they could alert users to different markers that would flag security risks or food-
borne illnesses.
Taste
Smell
AI Definition
John McCarthy, an American computer scientist who coined the term artificial intelligence, defines
this discipline as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent
computer programs. Essentially, AI develops intelligent software and systems based on how human
minds think, learn, decide and solve a problem. It enables machines to perform human-like
functions by learning through experience.
Artificial Intelligence in Telecommunications
1. Internet of Things (IOT)

 The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and
other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and connectivity which
enables these things to connect and exchange data, creating opportunities for more direct
integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, resulting in efficiency
improvements, economic benefits, and reduced human exertions.
2. Chabot's

 Short for chat robot, a computer program that simulates human conversation, or chat, through
artificial intelligence.
 Typically, a chat bot will communicate with a real person.
 Applications are being developed in which two chat bots can communicate with each other.
 A chat bot is also called a chatterbot.
3. Big Data

 Big data is a term that describes the large volume of data.

 Big data is data sets that are so big and complex that traditional data-processing application
software are inadequate to deal with them.
 Structured and Unstructured.
 It’s not the amount of data that’s important. It’s what organizations do with the data that
matters.
 Big data can be analyzed for insights that lead to better decisions and strategic business
moves.
4. SDN / NFV

 NFV
Network functions virtualization (NFV) is a network architecture concept that uses the
technologies of IT virtualization to virtualize entire classes of network node functions into building
blocks that may connect, or chain together, to create communication services.
 SDN
Software-defined networking (SDN) technology is an approach that facilitates network
management and enables programmatically efficient network configuration in order to improve
network performance and monitoring. SDN suggests to centralize network intelligence in one
network component by disassociating the forwarding process of network packets (data plane) from
the routing process (control plane).
5. Language Translation

 Translates from one language to another.

 Call Center application to cater for different regional languages
6. Problem Solving

 Telemarketers call you all the time. They use Predictive Dialers.
 How many numbers can one block?
 They are using different techniques to talk to the real person at any time of the day on any
day.
 Invading your privacy.
 How to deal with them?.......
Design AI Algorithm…New call answering Robots
7. Recruiting

 Use of AI in the recruiting process is phenomenal.

 AI can generates questions and gather the replies before actually interacting with the interview
panel.
 Recruiting made more effective in terms of analysis of the candidate.
8. Cyber Security

It is defined as the measures taken to protect a computer or computer system (as on the Internet)
against unauthorized access or attack.
9. Self-Healing Networks

Self-healing describes any device or system that has the ability to perceive that it is not operating
correctly and, without human intervention, make the necessary adjustments to restore itself to
normal operation.
10. Network Management

 Network management is the process of administering and managing computer networks. Various
services provided by this discipline include fault analysis, performance management,
provisioning of networks, maintaining the quality of service, and so on.

 Networks are organized into multiple physical and logical layers built with large quantities of
repeated network elements and subnetwork structures. All these elements need to be
configured, monitored, and controlled by automated operation support systems and without
substantial human intervention.
11. Network Planning and Design

Network planning and design is an iterative process, encompassing topological design, network-
synthesis, and network-realization, and is aimed at ensuring that a new telecommunications
network or service meets the needs of the subscriber and operator.
12. Fraud Detection

Fraud detection is a topic applicable to many industries including telecommunications, banking

and financial sectors, insurance, government agencies and law enforcement, and more. Through
the use of sophisticated AI, machine learning, analytics and data mining tools fraudulent activities
can be tracked and mitigated.
13. Churn Prediction

The churn rate is the percentage of subscribers to a service who discontinue their subscriptions to
the service within a given time period. For a company to expand its clientele, its growth rate, as
measured by the number of new customers, must exceed its churn rate.
14. Data Centers Power Optimization

 With increased power and energy shortages, there is a need to find power efficient solutions.
 Reduction in power savings will lead to less operational expenditures.
15. Cloud Computing

The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and
process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.
16. Customer Service

DigitalGenius brings practical applications of deep learning and AI to customer service operations of
large and growing companies.
Some other Applications in Telecom
 Analyze Network Traffic in Real Time and optimize routing.
 Call Records Analytics to detect real time frauds.
 Customer usage insights to develop new packages.
 Analysis of media utilization patterns.
 Customer Segmentations.
 Smart Management of Quality and Compliance.
 Automatic Bill and Cheque Clearance.
 Smart Vendor and Supplier Management.
 Smart Monitoring and Security Management
 Intelligent and Automated Customer Care
 Customer Engagement.
 Social Media Analysis.
Artificial Intelligence in Business
Artificial Intelligence in Business

 Managers across all levels spend more than half of their time on
administrative coordination and control tasks.

 These are the very responsibilities that the managers expect to see AI
affecting the most. AI will automate many of these tasks.
Intelligent Machines as “Colleagues”

• Managers who view AI as a kind of colleague will recognize that there’s no need to “race
against a machine”.

• While human judgment is unlikely to be automated, intelligent machines can add

enormously to this type of work, assisting in decision support and data-driven
simulations as well as search and discovery activities.

• Not only will AI augment managers’ work, but it will also enable managers to interact with
intelligent machines in collegial ways, through conversation or other intuitive interfaces.

• AI will be their always-available assistant and adviser.

Artificial Intelligence in Business
External Elements Internal Elements
v

AI

Operational Elements Intangible Elements

How to Integrate Artificial Intelligence into your Business ?

(Minimum Viable
Product – Prototype)

Explore

Change
Google, Amazon, Microsoft ….
Drivers Understand employee

Engage
roles which will change

How customer
Experiences will
Become remarkable

Model current processes to understand where AI fits

Enable Integrate
AI Technology Stack
AI
Machine Learning in Business

Typical Process Modelling

Re-Engineering happened Rules
instead
of static
decision
boxes

Get Minimum
Information
from other
Sources
(Automation)

Machine Generated Rules

New Customer

Appropriate Model
pattern designed
Decision Support Systems in Artificial Intelligence
Data / Information
Data
Refinement
Layer Algorithm

Heuristics

AI Algorithms will take care by

Algorithm incorporating different implementation
scenarios based on knowledge
(indices) which can be either:
- Combined
- Associated
- Paired
- Formulated
Deploying AI based tools and apps

Artificial Intelligence Tools and Applications for Businesses

Nudge AI

- Nudge AI uses Artificial Intelligence to offer a stream of stimulating engagement

opportunities on customers.

- You are always equipped with insights useful for customer engagement.

- Nudge allows you to reach out customers without wasting your valued time on
research.

- It helps you scan latest news and social feeds to find contact information about the
companies you care about.

- It uses AI to tailor customer alerts according to the specific events, allowing you to
grab the sales opportunities.
Legal Robot

- Legal Robot is here to rescue you by helping you understand legal language and
automate legal processes.

- Hiring an attorney is never too easy for startups and small enterprises when the
budget is tight and attorney’s fee is high. However, Legal Robot helps you understand
the complex legal language and points out all the problems before you sign the
document. Hence, no need of hiring an attorney.

- The algorithm evaluates the fairness and risk to facilitate parties on terms and
conditions before getting it signed.

- You can also assess your contract against standards across every industry or
jurisdiction.
Troops AI

- The sales team are always under the burden of driving sales to the potential clients
and achieve their targets. It is not easy to drive sales without the use of right data and
forecast.

- They need right collaboration and workflow with other departments including
marketing and content department.

- Troops is here to rescue those sales team and allow collaboration with content and
marketing department.

- The tool collects the data, create dashboards; generate reports, and alert different
departments in the loop to let them know what is going on in real time.
HubSpot Content Strategy Tool

- Bloggers and webmasters are sometimes short of ideas on what to write and how
to draw the attention of the audience.

- The HubSpot content strategy tool uses AI to generate blog ideas.

- The tool analyzes different competitors based on keywords and generates ideas to
develop successful marketing campaigns.

- Allows you to discover the opportunities and new topics.

Tetra

- Have you ever faced the situation when you need a paper and a pen to write notes
while attending a phone call? What if you can’t find it instantly and time runs out?
Tetra is here to help you out because it uses AI to take notes on phone calls to help
you stay focused and remember the details.

- Tetra is also very helpful when working with a team. It allows you to share knowledge
with the team by hearing the voice of customer directly and focus on what’s asked by
him/her.
Crystal

- Discover and share your personality with Crystal. The AI tool allows you to work with
anyone by giving insights on individual’s personality and behavior.

- You can also synchronize Crystal with your calendar to generate group reports
helpful for the meeting.

- You can learn the role of members and assign the task that suits them according to
their abilities.
Reference:Accenture-Turning-Artificial-Intelligence-into-Business-Value
Reference:Accenture-Turning-Artificial-Intelligence-into-Business-Value
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Amazon Robots & Items / Food Delivery
The Future of Artificial Intelligence
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence

Amper is an AI composer, performer and producer that allows users to quickly produce original music.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Amper is an AI composer, performer and producer that allows users to quickly produce original music.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Novel Effect adds theme music as storytellers read words out loud.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Novel Effect adds theme music as storytellers read words out loud.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Mylestone analyzes thousands of user photographs & translates them into concise stories, which are then
performed out loud by the device.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Mylestone analyzes thousands of user photographs and translates them into concise stories, which are then
performed out loud by the device.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Slice analyzes consumers’ inboxes to provide real-time updates for package deliveries as well as action items
for when things go wrong.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Resonance is a platform for understanding and translating user preferences across devices and applications. It
allows developers to bring contextual awareness and user habits across applications through Android, iOS and
web SDKs (software development kit).
- Internet of Everything (IOE)
- Aapps not static but Interacting with the Real World
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Resonance is a platform for understanding and translating user preferences across devices and applications. It
allows developers to bring contextual awareness and user habits across applications through Android, iOS and
web SDKs (software development kit).
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence

Hutoma provides a network for AI chatbots.

- Computers Interactions (talking) with Humans

 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Hutoma provides a centralized marketplace and network for AI chatbots.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Mighty AI is a platform that provides “tracking data” as a service.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Data Does Good gives consumers the option to aggregate their e-commerce histories and sell the data to
advertisers, with a portion of the proceeds going to non-profits of the user’s choice.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Data Does Good gives consumers the option to aggregate their e-commerce histories and sell the data to
advertisers, with a portion of the proceeds going to non-profits of the user’s choice.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Neurence has built an intelligent, cloud-based AI engine that allows computers to make intuitive sense of
human environments and come-up with details.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Neurence has built an intelligent, cloud-based AI engine that allows computers to make intuitive sense of
unstructured human environments.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Kasisto’s conversational AI platform called KAI Banking powers omni-channel bots and virtual assistants
with deep domain expertise in finance.
The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Kasisto’s conversational AI platform called KAI Banking powers omni-channel bots and virtual assistants with
deep domain expertise in finance.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Joonko is developing solutions to reduce workplace bias in order to create a more inclusive workplace.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Joonko is developing solutions to reduce workplace bias in order to create a more inclusive workplace.
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Google’s AlphaZero AI Masters Chess In Just 4 Hours, Defeats World’s Best Chess Program
 The Future of Artificial Intelligence
Google's DeepMind AI Just Taught Itself To Walk
Thank You