Review questions and problems ‘The following velocity-time graph shows the motion of an object moving in a straight line on a level surface. E : Time (6) ‘a What is the velocity of the object at time t = 8.0 s? ‘b What is the displacement of the object at time # = 5.05? ¢ What is the acceleration of the object at time # = 6.0 s? d What is the displacement of the object from time f = 5.0 s to time ¢ = 7.0 s? © What is the acceleration of the object at time r= 9.0 s? ‘An object is projected vertically upwards and reaches a height of 490 m, a What is the time taken to reach this maximum height? b What was the initial velocity of the object? ¢ What is the velocity of the object at time ¢ = 15.0 after the start of its journey? ‘An object accelerates from rest in a straight line with a = 5.0 ms* until its velocity is 60:m s. ‘a What is the time taken to reach a velocity of 60 m s"!? b What is its displacement from its original position at this time? A et aircraft has an acceleration of 20 ms, What minimum length of runway ‘would it require to reach a take-off speed of 200:m s"!? A balloon moving vertically upwards at a constant speed of 4.9 ms"! drops a sandbag at an elevation of 147 m. a How long until the sandbag hits the ground? b What will be the speed of the sandbag on impact? A balloon moving vertically downwards at a constant speed of 49 ms" drops a sandbag at an elevation of 980m. a How long until the sandbag hits the ground? b What will be the speed of the sandbag on impact? ‘An object is projected vertically into the air. Use the equations of motion to prove that the initial speed of the object is equal to its speed on impact. ‘The following acceleration-time graph shows the motion of an object moving in a straight line on a level surface over a 50's time period. At time t = 0 the “object is stationary. a At which time in the first 50 seconds is the velocity at a maximum? b What is the velocity at time ¢ = 103? © What is the displacement at time ¢ = 103? dd What is the object doing from time t = 20's to time # = 35s? ‘Acceleration (on 2)A car accelerates from rest at 5.0m? for 4.0 seconds, then accelerates at 2 ms” for a further 5.0 seconds. The car then maintains constant velocity for 3.0 seconds and then brakes uniformly stopping in a further 10.0 seconds. The ‘motion is in a straight line on a level surface. a Draw the velocity-time graph for the motion of the object over the 22.0 second interval. b Determine the acceleration dui € Find the displacement at times ig the section when the brakes were applied. 05,9.0, 12.0, and 22.0 s, respectively. A train is moving at a constant speed of 20m s* along a straight, level track when its last carriage is released. The carriage comes to rest after continuing for 200 m along the track. The speed of the train remains constant. a What was the acceleration of the carriage? b What time interval did the carriage take to come to rest? ¢ How far did the train move in this time interval? ‘The diagram at left shows a section of ticker timer tafe. The timer vibrates at 50 Fiz a Estimate the velocity of the tape at point P. b Assuming constant acceleration, estimate the acceleration of the tape over the interval OPQ. A car's driven through a red light at 20 ms". A police car moving at 40 m st ppasses through the intersection in pursuit 5.0 s later. Assuming that both cars maintain constant speeds, how far from the intersection will the police car catch the first car? ‘The following graph represents the displacement of an object moving along a level surface in a straight line over a period of 55 s. Displacement (m) a What is the object’s displacement from the reference position at time 0? b What is the magnitude of the object’s velocity at time t = 5 s? © What is the magnitude of the object’s velocity at time t = 15 5? d During which time intervals is the object stationary? @ What is the object’s maximum displacement from its starting position? ‘An object accelerates uniformly from rest for 4.0's at which time its velocity is 20 ms“ Iethen continues at 20 ms" for 6.05, after which time it decelerates uniformly, stopping in 5.0 s. a Draw the velocity-time graph for the motion of the object. b Using the graph determine the displacement at time 15 s. ¢ Calculate the acceleration during the period t= 10 to = 15s.EEE Acar accelerates at 4.0m s? for 4.05 and its final velocity is 20 ms". a What distance is covered by the car in the 4.0 s interval? bb What was its initial velocity? Use the definition of acceleration ( to prove that: seut-la? ) and the equation s = at + Je? A rocket is fired vertically and ascends with a constant net acceleration of 15 ms? for 20 seconds after which its fuel is exhausted. ‘a What is its displacement at time t = 20's? b What is its speed at time 1 = 20.8? ¢ What maximum height will the rocket reach? EEE A parachutist jumps from an aircraft at 3000 m and freefalls for 20s, After 20s the ripcord is pulled, releasing the parachute, and bringing the rate of descent to a constant 5.0ms"!, Ignore air resistance and assume that the parachutist’ speed becomes 5.0 ms"! at the 20 point. a What is the height at which the ripcord is pulled? b What is the total time of the jump?Review questions and problems 1 29.0ms! b35mcl0ms? di6m e-45ms? 2 210s b98ms! c-49mst 3 212s b360m 4 1000m 5 26.05 b53.9ms7 6 al0sbl47mst 7 Therefore 7? = u? + 2as — ‘Therefore v7 = x? 8B ar= 4500508 by=20ms! cs= 100m d the object is moving with constant velocity 9 avactimes= 4.05 is 20m sl; vat time r= 9.0 sis 30 mst 8 | | | { | | f Velocity (m s“*) a 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 Time (s) b-30ms? © Ats=4.05,5=40m Att=9.05,5=40+ 125 =165m Are 125,52 125+90=215m At ts 225,5=215 + 150 m= 365m 10 2-1.0ms? b20s 400m 1 alasmet b25me 12 Carseoyn Police car += 92¢2 Burry «4-5 Sovyty = 9202 = (61 -5) 201 = 40(e =) 4y=10s #20101 =20x10= 200m 200 [TTT TTY ial aa = E120 2 jolicd car 80) ae * ~ a ane Time (s) 13 240m bOms! c040met d f= 0t0F= 10sand+=40 wr=45s e7.0m Ma _aaarees C qe al alate fe : ey E £12 {Tt E Be 4 g | [eI 4 ie BA foes eeeeeeee Oe ae lO aa Time (3) b 210m ¢-4.0mst 15 248m b4mst 1 16 sues de? salon anes ga soothe 17 23.00 km b300ms! ¢7.6km 18 a dixancefillenss «4a «5 x9.8x20? « 1960m height = 3000 ~ 1960 = 1040 m b time fora 1040m = 722 = 208 total time = 228s