4TH GP (ACTIVITY #3): LENSES AND MIRRORS

Althea Eriel V. Pagkalinawan May 16, 2023

Stem 12 y1-26 Physics 2

1. Provide 2 sample problems with GRSA method to the following:

a. Mirror equation
1. What is the image distance and image size if a 10.00 cm. tall light bulb
placed a distance of 91 cm. from a convex lens having a focal length of
30.8 cm?

2. What is the image distance and image size if a 3.00-cm tall light bulb
is placed at a distance of 30.5 cm from a diverging lens having a focal
length of -10.2 cm?​
 b. Lens equation
1. 4.00-cm tall light bulb is placed a distance of 45.7 cm from a double
convex lens having a focal length of 15.2 cm. Determine the image
distance and the image size.

Like all problems in physics, begin by the identification of the known

information.

ho = 4.00 cm do = 45.7 cm f = 15.2 cm

Next identify the unknown quantities that you wish to solve for.

di = ??? hi = ???

To determine the image distance, the lens equation must be used. The
following lines represent the solution to the image distance; substitutions
and algebraic steps are shown.

1/f = 1/do + 1/di

1/(15.2 cm) = 1/(45.7 cm) + 1/di

0.0658 cm-1 = 0.0219 cm-1 + 1/di

0.0439 cm-1 = 1/di

di = 22.8 cm

The numerical values in the solution above were rounded when written
down, yet unrounded numbers were used in all calculations. The final
answer is rounded to the third significant digit.

To determine the image height, the magnification equation is needed.

Since three of the four quantities in the equation (disregarding the M) are
known, the fourth quantity can be calculated. The solution is shown
below.

hi/ho = - di/do

hi /(4.00 cm) = - (22.8 cm)/(45.7 cm)

hi = - (4.00 cm) • (22.8 cm)/(45.7 cm)

hi = -1.99 cm
The negative values for image height indicate that the image is an
inverted image. As is often the case in physics, a negative or positive sign
in front of the numerical value for a physical quantity represents
information about direction. In the case of the image height, a negative
value always indicates an inverted image.

From the calculations in this problem it can be concluded that if a 4.00-

cm tall object is placed 45.7 cm from a double convex lens having a focal
length of 15.2 cm, then the image will be inverted, 1.99-cm tall and
located 22.8 cm from the lens. The results of this calculation agree with
the principles discussed earlier in this lesson. In this case, the object is
located beyond the 2F point (which would be two focal lengths from the
lens) and the image is located between the 2F point and the focal point.
This falls into the category of Case 1: The object is located beyond 2F for
a converging lens.

2.4.00-cm tall light bulb is placed a distance of 8.30 cm from a double

convex lens having a focal length of 15.2 cm. (NOTE: this is the same
object and the same lens, only this time the object is placed closer to the
lens.) Determine the image distance and the image size.

Again, begin by the identification of the known information.

ho = 4.00 cm do = 8.3 cm f = 15.2 cm

Next identify the unknown quantities that you wish to solve for.

di = ??? hi = ???

To determine the image distance, the lens equation will have to be used.
The following lines represent the solution to the image distance;
substitutions and algebraic steps are shown.

1/f = 1/do + 1/di

1/(15.2 cm) = 1/(8.30 cm) + 1/di

0.0658 cm-1 = 0.120 cm-1 + 1/di

-0.0547 cm-1 = 1/di

 di = -18.3 cm

The numerical values in the solution above were rounded when written
down, yet unrounded numbers were used in all calculations. The final
answer is rounded to the third significant digit.

To determine the image height, the magnification equation is needed.

Since three of the four quantities in the equation (disregarding the M) are
known, the fourth quantity can be calculated. The solution is shown
below.

hi/ho = - di/do

hi /(4.00 cm) = - (-18.3 cm)/(8.30 cm)

hi = - (4.00 cm) • (-18.3 cm)/(8.30 cm)

hi = 8.81 cm

The negative value for image distance indicates that the image is a virtual
image located on the object's side of the lens. Again, a negative or
positive sign in front of the numerical value for a physical quantity
represents information about direction. In the case of the image distance,
a negative value always means the image is located on the object's side of
the lens. Note also that the image height is a positive value, meaning an
upright image. Any image that is upright and located on the object's side
of the lens is considered to be a virtual image.

From the calculations in the second sample problem it can be concluded

that if a 4.00-cm tall object is placed 8.30 cm from a double convex lens
having a focal length of 15.2 cm, then the image will be enlarged, upright,
8.81-cm tall and located 18.3 cm from the lens on the object's side. The
results of this calculation agree with the principles discussed earlier in
this lesson. In this case, the object is located in front of the focal point
(i.e., the object distance is less than the focal length) and the image is
located behind the lens. This falls into the category of Case 5: The object
is located in front of F (for a converging lens).
2. Illustrate the following phenomenon:
a. Polaroid

b. Soap film

c. Focal Length

d. Interference
3. Define spherical aberration and how it affects to human eye.
- Spherical aberration is a specific type of optical aberration. It occurs
when light rays passing through the periphery of the cornea and lens
come to a focus at a slightly different location than light rays passing
through the center of the cornea and lens. This results in decreased image
quality.
4. Identify the lenses being used to the following eye condition
a. Hyperopia
-convex lenses
b. Hypermetropia
-convex lenses
c. Myopia
-concave lenses
d. Presbyopia
-convex lenses
e. Astigmatism