UNDERSTANDING

SEXUAL
HARASSMENT
 SEXUAL
HARASSMENT
is a type of harassment involving the use
of EXPLICIT or IMPLICIT sexual overtones,
including the unwelcome and
inappropriate promises of rewards in
exchange for sexual favors. Sexual
harassment includes a range of actions
from verbal transgressions to sexual
abuse or assault.
 "AS A FORM OF DISCRIMINATION
ON THE GROUNDS OF SEX, AND,
THUS, ARE CONTRARY TO THE
PRINCIPLE OF EQUAL
TREATMENT BETWEEN MEN AND
WOMEN"
NUMHUSER-HENNING AND LAULOM
(2012)
INTERNATIONAL LABOR
ORGANIZATION
"AS A BASED-SEX BEHAVIOR
THAT IS UNWELCOME AND
OFFENSIVE TO THE
RECIPIENT"
 THEORETICAL
PERSPECTIVES OF
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
 NATURAL/
BIOLOGICAL THEORY
men have stronger sex drives
and biologically motivated to
engage in sexual pursuit of
women
 SEX ROLE
SPILLOVER
THEORY

based on the proposition of irrelevant

gender-based role expectations
Men hold role perceptions of women
based on their traditional role in our
culture
 ORGANIZATIONAL
THEORY
Propose that one of the central
concepts that helps to explain sexual
harassment is POWER and AUTHORITY
 Socio-cultural theory
examine the wider social and political context in which sexual harassment is
created and occurs
sexual harassment is a logical consequence of the gender inequality and sexism
that already exists in society
 feminist theory
sexual harassment is linked to the
sexist male ideology of male
dominance and male superiority in
the society
sexual harassment as the product of
a gender system maintained by a
dominant, normative form of
masculinity
RELEVANCE OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT
THEORIES
MEN HAPPEN TO HAVE ALWAYS
OCCUPIED A DOMINANT POSITION
OVER WOMEN IN SOCIETIES, WHICH
THE WORKPLACES ARE ONLY A
PART
PHILIPPINE LAWS ON SEXUAL
HARASSMENT
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7877
OR ANTI-SEXUAL
HARASSMENT ACT OF
1955
governing law for work,
education, or training related
sexual harassment
 IN A WORK,
SEXUAL 1
Sexual favor is made as a condition in
HARASSMENT the hiring

IS COMMITTED Impair the employee's rights or

WHERE: 2 previleges under existing labor laws

Acts would result in an intimidatting,

3 hostile, or offensive environment for the
employee
 IN AN
EDUCATION, 1
Against one who is under the care,
custody, or supervision of the offender
SEXUAL
HARASSMENT IS 2
Against one whose education, training,
COMMITTED: apprenticeship is entrusted to the offender

Sexual favor is made of condition to the

3 giving of a passing grade

Sexual advances result in an intimidating,

4 hostile, offensive environment for the
students
 SEXUAL
HARASSMENT
IN CIVIL
SERVICE
Sexual Harassment in the Civil Service is
punishable by Civil Service Commission No. 01-
0940, also known as Administrative Disciplinary
Rules on Sexual Harassment Cases

Sexual harassment can be committed at the following places

workplace/office
where the parties were found
education
official business outside of the office
official conference
telephone
FORMS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT

PHYSICAL

VERBAL

USE OF OBJECTS

OTHER FORMS
ANALOGOUS
WHY IS THERE A NEED TO
RELATE THE THEORIES OF
SEXUAL HARASSMENT TO
THE ACTUAL CASES?

HOW CAN YOU UTILIZE THIS NEW

KNOWLEDGE ON SEXUAL
HARASSMENT FOR THE BETTERMENT
OF YOURSELF, FAMILY, COMMUNITY
AND SOCIETY?