Resistance analysis is a psychoanalytic counseling technique used to analyze counselee

transference. Transference occurs when the counselee views the counselor as someone else.
reshape the individual character structure, by reconstructing, discussing, analyzing, and
reinterpreting past experiences, which occurred in childhood.
Aimed at helping the client to become aware of the reasons behind resistance so that he or she
can deal with it, the therapist asks the client to interpret resistance. The goal is to prevent
threatening material from entering the client's consciousness, by preventing the client from
disclosing things he is not aware of. At its simplest level, resistance involves deliberately
disobeying a fundamental rule. In fact, if this level of resistance is overcome, resistance will find
ways of expression that are less overt. The client ego fears the potential discomfort caused by
exploring repressed material through its anti-cataxia and the further the client associates it with
the unconscious material that the analysis seeks to discover.
Resistance in English comes from the words resist and ance indicating the position of an attitude
that tends to behave defensively, resisting, trying to fight, and trying to resist. In the study of
psychotherapy, resistance is a client's defense strategy to prevent the analysis or therapist from
entering and understanding the client's problems.

Resistance as a fundamental concept of psychoanalytic practices that works against the progress
of therapy and prevents clients from displaying things that are not realized. Sigmund Freud
views resistance as an unconscious dynamic that drives a person to defend against anxiety.
Resistance is not something that must be overcome because it is a description of the client's
defense approach in everyday life. Resistance must be recognized as a means of defense against
anxiety. The counselor's interpretation of resistance is aimed at helping clients to realize the
reasons for resistance.

something that goes against the continuity of therapy and prevents the client from bringing up
unconscious material. During free association and dream analysis, clients may demonstrate an
unwillingness to relate certain thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Freud views resistance as an
unconscious dynamic used by the client as a defense against unacceptable anxiety, which will
increase as the client becomes aware of the repressed urge or feeling.
something that goes against the continuity of therapy and prevents the client from bringing up
unconscious material. During free association and dream analysis, clients may demonstrate an
unwillingness to relate certain thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Freud saw resistance as an
unconscious dynamic used by the client as a defense against unacceptable anxiety, which would
increase if the client became aware of the repressed urge or feeling. Analysis and interpretation
of resistance, aimed at helping the client to realize the reasons behind resistance so that he can
deal with it, the therapist asks the client to interpret resistance. The goal is to prevent
threatening material from entering the client's consciousness, by preventing the client from
disclosing things he is not aware of. At its simplest level, resistance involves deliberately
disobeying a fundamental rule. In fact, if this level of resistance is overcome, resistance will find
ways - ways of expression that are less overt. The client ego fears the potential discomfort
caused by exploring repressed material through its anti-cataxia and the further the client
associates it with the unconscious material that the analysis seeks to discover.

Freud described all forces as the client's resistance against trying to find it. He summarized five
types of resistance, namely:

1.Repression resistance
2. Transference resistance
3.Resistance to let go of the benefits derived from the state of illness
4. Resistance of the id, which may resist changes in the way it is satisfied and feel the need to
explore new mediums of satisfaction
5.Resistance stemming from the superego, guilt or unconscious need for punishment that
denies all success through analysis. Clients feel they have to stay sick because they don't deserve
to get better. This resistance is the strongest and most feared type of resistance by analysis
client's antitherapeutic mood characterized by unwillingness and failure to cooperate in
counseling or therapy and often associated with feelings of anxiety, hostility,or distrust, in
Freud's psychoanalysis, resistance is analyzed and interpreted in essence because it is believed
that in resistance there is anxiety and conflict as unconscious contents that are significant for
the client's problems or difficulties.
Freud views that resistance is an unconscious dynamic to maintain anxiety. Resistance or refusal
is the client's reluctance to reveal unconscious material that threatens him, which means there
is self-defense against the anxiety he is experiencing. If this happens, then it is actually a
fairness. However, what is important for the counselor is how these defenses can be broken
through so that they can be observed, to be further analyzed and interpreted, so that the client
is aware of the reasons for this resistance. The counselor's interpretation of resistance is aimed
at helping clients to realize the reasons for resistance.
The struggle over resistance is the main work of psychoanalysis and the most important part of
analytic treatment. However, this cannot be realized easily. The strengths that help analysis to
overcome client resistances are the client's desire to heal, the client's interest in whatever may
be had during the analytical process and most importantly the client's positive relationship with
the analyst.
Resistance interpretation process:
1. The therapist asks the client to do free association and dream analysis which can show the
client's willingness to relate the client's thoughts, feelings and experiences.
2. Next, the analysis asks if something happens that is different from what was stated, for
example the client tells a story enthusiastically but suddenly becomes sad.

The stages of interpretation are:

1. Reflection of feelings, where the counselor does not go further than what the client has
stated.
2. Clarification, explaining what has been implied in what the client has said.
3. Reflection, the counselor gives an assessment of what is implied in his consciousness.
4. Confrontation, the counselor brings to the client's attention, ideals and feelings that are
implied but not realized.
5. Interpretation, the counselor introduces new concepts, relationships, and affinities that are
rooted in the client's experience.
The general methods of interpretation are:
1. A tentative approach, a method by providing a temporary (tentative) interpretation of a
problem.
2. Free association, by giving freedom of interpretation to clients based on associations that
occur freely to clients.
3. Interpretation uses soft and subtle expressions, either in the form of words or sentences.
With this method client resistance can be minimized.
4. Interpretive questions, by indicating questions that can stimulate interpretation.

In the process of therapy, resistance is not something that must be overcome, because it is a
manifestation of the client's defenses that are usually carried out every day. This resistance can
be seen as a means of surviving the client's anxiety, even though it actually impedes the ability
to face a more fulfilling life (Corey, 1995).

all forces within the patient that oppose the procedures and processes of psychoanalytic work.
To a certain degree, resistance exists from the beginning to the end of treatment (Freud, 1912).
Resistance maintains the status quo of the patient's neurosis. Resistance is an operational
concept, not something to be analyzed. The analytic situation becomes the arena where the
resistances reveal themselves.

Resistance is the repetition of all the defensive operations that the patient has used in his past
life. All the various psychic symptoms may be used for resistance purposes and that resistance
operates through the patient's ego. Although some aspects of a resistance may be conscious, an
important part is held up by the unconscious ego.
James Scott's study in Andi Suriadi states that resistance is focused on forms of resistance that
actually exist and occur around everyday life, it clearly illustrates how forms of resistance exist
in society. Those who do not have the strength to openly reject it
have other ways of avoiding intervention from the state and corporations. According to Scott,
there are several forms of resistance, namely closed (symbolic or ideological) resistance. Namely
gossip, slander, rejection of the categories imposed on society, and withdrawal of respect for
the authorities. Semi-open resistance (social protest or demonstrations) Open resistance. Open
resistance is an organized, systematic and principled form of resistance. The manifestations
used in resistance are violent methods such as rebellion.