nd use it's services for trading,
nda pted entities
Ba for profit and Lax exempt
ft as are not freely transferable and
The se not easily available, Membership of
trading jum. Such a model eminenth
rey apremi y
trading cards
wake open outcry market
smut in a Wemntnal” exchange, there are three
In a of people who own the exchange, manage
Muse it's services. The owners of the exchange
i wily vest management in a board of directors, which
suse by professional team, An entirely different
sec of people use the trading platform of the exchange,
Demutualised stock exchanges are generally Jor profit’
and tax paying entities. The ownership rights are freely
transferable and trading rights can be acquired of
surrendered in terms of transparent rules. Membership
cor trading cards do not exist in such exchanges, This
model significantly suits the electronic market. The model
is generally referred to as an institution.
The stock exchanges are required to frame and enforce
rules, which may not always further the public interest
and private interest ie. the interest of the trading
‘members simultaneously. Public inerest generally gets
" precedence in a demutualised exchange, while in the case
‘of mutual exchange, private interest gets precedence in
framing the rules. This can be attributed as one of the
‘main reasons forthe slow adoption, by mutual exchanges,
‘of the systems and practices that enhance market
efficiency. They adopt them only when threatened by
‘the regulations or the competitive market forces. A
is generally seen as ruthless in
age it a
anges an
are usually
iy
directors consist of profesional reprencng
all stockbolders they are able to act proactively and
} Itallows stock exchanges to explore opeions or
ofibore operations and to expand its operations into
. A corporatised stock exchange particularly one with
public share holding, could increase the transparency
and accountability of board operations (as compared
with those of mutual organisation).
. A demutualised exchange with the management free
to decide on operational issues, is perceived to Be
effective and fair in enforcement.
NO. 1, JULY - DECEMBER, 2004and Asi on the issue of 8..No, Bxchange
ihe report published,
1d ave rushing herdlike
mivatuvting the market” The
rowealing warned that, while
a een whoehesedly embraced by
gen ras some could be underestimating
ne word ents involved in demutuaistion,
aes il hat 80% of tock exchanges, which
The sore (On tuaised were planning odo soin
tad already nr 60% of the stock exchanges believed
sn liston ‘vas required for them to develop
er ‘exchanges, with 75% cof mutual exchanges
ae hat dors remained closed to them particularly
rene and merger Further, according © the
vl 46% of demotualsed exchanges said the
ce had lived upto their expectation
tn addition, 50% of those exchanges admitted that their
relations with the parties such as regulations and listed
companies had become more difficult since
sation. It was argued that this could be the result
of a herd-like mentality of the exchanges without
‘indertaking 2 prior study or investigation of
consequences of demutualisation. The survey results also
indicated that many exchanges were stil ar from being
‘According to the report, stock exchanges that were
satisfied after the demutualisation were those that had
atleas part of their share capital publicly traded. On the
other hand, chose exchanges that were not satisfied after