BUT mies oat) CMMI melae ee Ata ae oem cre Col eto Lek) oy | ¢ Acell is a basic structural and functional unit has ¢ From the microscopic organisms like protozoans and_ bacteria to large ones like blue whale and Re em eee eA *Some-like-Amoeba-and-bacteria-consists-of-one-—— cell (unicellular) while others like human beings el aml Tt oh Me Ley (multicellular). eee 27 aoe Oo Be ¢The-cell-is-a- basic unit-of structure-and—— ma atm MUR rae (SL ne * The cell is the simplest structure capable of existing as an individual living unit. * Unicellular organisms like Amoeba and Paramecium. are capable of _(i)-individual —___— existence—and (ii) performing all-external ~ functions of life. Cer UN Aa a ye eRe ach alel a of acell cannot be an independent living unit. ¢ Hence cell is the fundamental structural and ee ¢ With time, cellular organisation gave rise to cell dif ferentiatiqnA multicellular organism has many cells, showing division of labour and various organ systems working ina coordinated manner. 1. Discovery of cell Robert Hooke, was an English scientist (1665) He was the first person to observe cells. He studied a thin slice of bottle cork under his self-made microscope. elite) Mee mon ACR UCL Roe magnifying lenses fixed ina tube. He observed box-like compartments eT uled emma a cece CCRC \ Cm Ce AL Later with advanced techniques and refinement in microscopes, scientists could study the fine iiacCHiat (alt eae meme Contributions of some important scientists Fig. Cells as observed |Fig. A primitive LNA) ol Ag aL MM lol Med-ToCe) oT Mt Xe oN Eee melag tam Robert Hooke'sAnton von Leeuwenhoek ¢ He observed and described the first living (ra 1h * In 1676 Anton-von Leeuwenhoek - Used improved microscope and observed nuclei and unicellular organisms. Robert Brown (1831) OM MU ame eae MMe Ue ¢ With the invention_of microscope and other techniques available more structural details of a cell were revealed. ARM te lt ¢ In 1840 J.E. Purkinje Gave the term protoplasm to the living fluid substance Cea eele Virchow ¢ 1858 Virchow Further expanded the cell theory. Proposed that all cells arise from AMER____CELL THEORY_ ard tte) Vee Age ey me eee Lan? Schleiden and Schwann jointly in 1839. © In 1838; Matthias Schleiden (a German botanist) examined a large number of plants OMe a RO Re me eRe eh ace So Rm e Rl osm ee a INL} Oe ae yee © In 1839, Theodore Schwann (a British | zoologist) independently studied different types of animal cells and reported that the | ___ cells had a thin outer layer which is today Pe mem mee tel acll el ieee TC Lila a proposed cell theory. a eT mil ma altel are (Ce Mame od) (eel 1, AEN a ee | © In 1855 Rudolf Virchow explained that cells divided and-new-cells.are formed fromthe pre- Caralluma ier eae (ep - © Virchow modified the hypothesis given by Schleiden and Schwann and gave cell theory a bac atst ¢ Cell theory as is understood today: == 1. All living organisms are composed of cells and products-of-cell #3 $—- er reed ie me eee Ca Ce