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Meroe. ey a tose Soya poe ote el ata teste Mf ts neni jn of icy shape uch te show in fe fire elow (orl near and "3 rape se sy cs stead ase. 1 Fe ASL tous a dase coining otemes ‘id ouless, e Cater o aeiearysape "Re Ht shove canine $ elses and owes, Sing: 2 oat coer, 2 ear cher and sputter Sheahan gi as ie “ibn hss er wih ai 4 ety ated catering agen cmb ‘im eters ofan ape ind et cost We "Ss wad maa yor 21-2006 308) . fi P| Idusctuepi _ Sot | A) ($30 Lak Bet es acuceeont cece ‘ety he cy ne : 46, 1 DBSCAM Desgytase Spc log of Applleions A tly a i at 7 DRCAW Ws du de ed oem ieee eee s in Sacer <= eee ee ce ovine ros ees aire ee pects nel ne oe br a a eae Tne ere se, eee that bs nether @ Core nor a + henchmen eae TBcrs ibn SCH SHAH ere | HeDensity-Based Clustering Hierarchical clustering is advantageous for understanding any hidden structures in your data, but it has a major pitfall. In the version shown above, we assume that every data point is relevant —which is almost never the case in the real world. Density-based clustering methods provide a safety valve. Instead of assuming that every point is part of some cluster, we only look at points that are tightly packed and assume everything else is noise. This approach requires two parameters: a radius € and a neighborhood density ©. For every point, we calculate Neps(x) — the number of points that are at most € away from x. If Neps(x) 2 ©, not counting x, then x is considered a core point. If a point isn't a core point, but it is a member of a core point’s neighborhood, then it is considered a border point. Everything else is just considered noise. One of the most common and, indeed, performative implementations of density-based clustering is Density-based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise, better known as DBSCAN. DBSCAN works by running a connected components algorithm across the different core points. If two core points share border points, or a core point is a border point in another core point’s neighborhood, then they’re part of the same connected component, which forms a cluster. Say we have a relatively small € and a decently “ a i wind iin with | a . "Applications with Noise, better known as DBSCAN. DBSCAN works by running a connected components algorithm across the different core points. If two core points share border points, or a core point is a border point in another core point’s neighborhood, then they’re part of the same connected component, which forms a cluster. Say we have a relatively small € and a decently large ©. We might wind up with clusters like this: See? Those two lonely points are very far away from the two clusters, and there are too few for them to really mean anything — so they're just noise. Notice that we're also able to discover non-convex clusters this way (see the orange arc). Pretty neat! We don’t need to specify a number of clusters we're interested in for density-based clustering to work — it will automatically discover some number of clusters based on your € and ©. This is especially useful when you expect all of your clusters to have a similar densitv. im | Qtet] CE aE Rol: RR ir ime UL) a PAu Mele cun} Pu meu n c tony unsupervised machine learning. Density-based clustering, such as DBSCAN, identifies clusters based on the density of points in a given region. SCE ee use cea eee aly and low density, which it uses to assign points to Cree Monet mi UME neue Re ecu) builds a tree-like structure of nested clusters, where each cluster is a subset of the next larger cluster, until all the data points are in a single cluster. DCE outa Curse oe) STS enue iC UU colo Ceci} a ie ee ko ut Soho Ue ulm RUN cco) CURR Meu ou points as those that are not part of any cluster, allowing them to be removed from analysis. iene ce ood asec ke caren Pence Rede Uti keen Wr oe oO Recent g hierarchy. In contrast, hierarchical clustering is Tr Rka nc enema cer oR TO Vee Seren Ss kee STN Tien Ul roomee] CROCE Se Rol: Wao Circe eueReoany PAu Mele cun} Deel aime eta Oia oe A oe Oe iene De nae C aCe cee eect limited to the hierarchical structure it creates, which Vere tas tke cy with varying shapes and sizes. Tee Se Ce ease ot Recah erat COU es eco Suen aac) Me ee Rel cu CR tego TT Me eae ae Xela We Le nan cd PM ee WL con got Cae tec Non-parametric: Density-based clustering is non- Pen ee een ae Eevee ena Cake Conk R data, This makes it more robust to different types of data distributions and easier to apply to a wide range Once EMEA cael cute ae cla aU nA Re Cue aro Eu) eI Renee oi Ree cee hl Tir OMe Rue ce eM a menTS Crem UMC cee Rater nce ce SN ae Nel ac Wo gee ee Want Deceased determined using some external criteria.ree) RCE Seach Betas emo eae ech PAu Mele cun} - De ee Iee Maes eect encnute act] PWe CU ne UR na eke ua) eee er b.Iilustrate the strength and weakness of partitioning methods in comparison with Pee ree ce re @ 2 Strengths and weaknesses of k-means and k-medoids: Pen UPE UW Laur le esc enna used for clustering data. K-means is a centroid-based algorithm that iteratively assigns data points to clusters based on the distance to the nearest centroid, which is ia scrote eel Ce medoids, on the other hand, is a medoid-based ETM ae oe eT eee ee ge ce gem aura om Strengths of k-means: Benue cen Nene ke Eee coos Pe aU Lune Tc * K-means works well when the data has a clear structure and well-defined clusters. Weaknesses of k-means:te] 3.7KB/s SD) Le © Bull SD 95: Circe eueReoany PAu Mele cun} Wa ok out k-means is sensitive to the initial choice of centroids EEE Rete ee Tek n Clee uni Pen Re Su eee ee egies) equally sized, which may not be true for all datasets. pene ROMs cman eee a Og es Strengths of k-medoids: tu eller d Mure aces a OMe Were eR Ur) PSUR ia Soret ee Poe eee Cg ees pene ee Uni Les areca ee work well on datasets with uneven cluster sizes. K-medoids always converges to a solution, regardless of the initial choice of medoids. Weaknesses of k-medoids: Pauls ke Ul. Secale essa Core Med te tere Can eta aed atu ae Ce ag overlapping or non-convex clusters. Cauca Meee So) high dimensionality.te] 12.9K8/s > SD) Le © Buti GD 95: Circe eueReoany PAu Mele cun} Pesta iCE WR Vase oes Men ce) Erne Wane Ruud Partitioning methods, such as k-means and k-medoids, Ce TUL ea Menke ee Dee aa eee ell te) Ce Re Cun Rac a Rg coos tne ete tt Ru PERO nu ee ee Ree Aisa and can handle large datasets. RRM aOR Cre Uk) work well on datasets with well-defined clusters. Partitioning methods can handle datasets with noise EU ese oT Vereen te Partitioning methods are sensitive to the initial choice CPt mene Un eo aCe Mcgee Ras ennui Cor eo eee) SMe Us eo Mn ets Ee ac Partitioning methods may not perform well on Chico Mei Rm eente] 12.9K8/s > SD) Le © Buti GD 95: ir ime UL) a PAu Mele cun} Crem cre ne Un enor aCe e| Oats age ele ae Renee nue Cor ee spherical and equally sized, which may not be true for Reco Partitioning methods may not perform well on Cc MreimRmimcceMece Strengths of hierarchical methods: ee ene uu ce a ee) Cem oe UR ue coeur structure of the data. Hierarchical methods can handle datasets with non- Ermer ken Hierarchical methods do not require a priori est Sma Reno Drs eRe ree ess eee ee eke ns Kecrur say expensive, especially for large datasets. Hierarchical methods may not perform well on Cee eM ee i mM Mi SA Teta Cac cad Coe AN Unc oarN CE aE Rol: RrRoo Circe eueReoany ole canny lees (a) An application that uses clustering as a major data mining function. (b) An application that uses clustering as a pre Pee re eT eos Cee Mi Cocs (a) One example of an application that uses clustering as PYM ree ete cue ey (acne Meese etc Rere cue et ee) Cie ae Cn eae UC eS Pee ee Ue CUR cate tod Cee ue ec er me erie el ak eine Es cots Ee) Meee mee Whe cen eens Lies eee cetera) Ett EL Tens celles OSC cue aerate CUE EY eee So ogee ee Cd DRCNet enoms st cen Rene Cane | hc alte aCe De Meee st RR gL Pee eure Ure Mee Una We) Rue eo here one ta uct k sta BUR UE CE Nac See tag Leer Unmet A cos La uC Enea mn Eee Wau Mone Mea ocrN PCE a ERO: Rc oa Circe eueReoany ole canny lees mining function. (b) An application that uses clustering as a pre ere Ce eung Cee RCE (a) One application that uses clustering as a major data PORE Rea nec) Retreat ee Cuesta ee ag Eee ce MR Ce ee Ce Cate ue aig Cee Oe Ne ou eee oC Rue eR WS AOE ocuc mice ans transactions for further investigation and prevent forrest OTe Geol eanateekeC un EY ere Sooo ae es cS DUD RCO ase Coe ou Ral Ca CT a ee ee an le Uru text clustering can group related documents or words together and provide more structured and meaningful tL eae ee MWe Eo ENC categorization or information retrieval. This can improve RCE ee Ute ego Ce ac ety Ia eet eRe TCS WatePerr Pree ee Bod Bret Circe eueReoany ole canny lees oo (a) An application that uses clustering as a major data estoy (b) An application that uses clustering as a pre processing tool for data preparation for Cue Ch Coice (a) One application that uses clustering as a major data CORUM ue Wem eu) patients based on their medical history, symptoms, and Cree ea Mu ae eee toc identify patterns in the data that can help to improve CT ena nae eRe ce Cle cnet ee rl atic sem Ucn ee AT eta ian ae [eee tnd Pen neuen Tete individual characteristics. (b) An example of an application that uses clustering as Erm eee ne Reged IDRC Tou Ene eee) Pg ue eae ee nce le Cua el eet eae nes uae ee ree a1 eee nee coe Perea neu eae end gee eT ors Ere een rt ee Ee10:35 AM ROE Se E-Bol: aE Circe eueReoany elect Eves eet De Tg ue ee Wn le ecto Coe eau Cust aa ets DUE Us Bee Ree oe Ld eae ene MU Te aN ce RUSE Wek wee us ice Ment CU Ee en Eee ee Clustering as major data mining function ole Cuetec Oe Mugen ao with many applications in various fields. One example is Occ RC Sue) Pena aed demographics, and purchasing patterns. By clustering Ce UT Nese ae Cecio Me aCe ue) strategies to each group's specific needs and Decne ea eh Riese reg marketing campaigns, higher customer satisfaction, and Tee come Caner er Eleni We Rea UM ea aU) Pee eNom10:35 AM 33.5KB/s FS) Le © Bull Z SD 94: Circe eueReoany ole canny lees EU EEE Sc Rea euac) Tee Ce Mtoe (Mecano cy ieee) ole cane Rene eel EO a rea horg Co CnC UCI Mu C Coa example, in the field of text mining, clustering can be used to group similar documents or words together based on their semantic similarity. This can provide a Beaten Un U nr ike data, which can be used as input to other data mining Pe omentum ne STA oN Cue ReaD Noh See ne UN A Weg Cte ek octet eek mee ele cet ee mace cern ee acre tikes tracking. Clustering can also be used as a pre- ree SU ne MRCS can be used to group similar users or items together to ee ure ete Uso] Ree oiae EE ee Rol” Br Reon n Circe eueReoany ole canny lees EN ees ratte ee ee EC eo UI Neen) major groups such as executives, managers, and staff. Seg nn oe oy ue ee oe ee cure hom TLS Ene Uwe aCe Euog Looe cun Tome Lue Ey Perey eicie woul Ms cune Mace tsiiel) clustering isa type of clustering that organizes data into a tree-like structure or dendrogram, which can be used ROME en ea tect og eM cat d Inthis scenario, executives, managers, and staff can be considered as the initial groups or clusters, which can be Ce ea eR get el eek Rete cue stunts ns PUM a RC ce key aoe Oe ee ee ene eee Ret eee eee coe) eee uM ee unas oa eo? Hierarchical clustering is a suitable technique for this ¥ Peau eee a eR oo)ee) 0.1KB/s FD) Le OB uti 94, Circe eueReoany ole canny lees The clustering technique that can be applied in this Peele enous cee Cleaner ty Soke Cue hur ete Cee ce Pa Cet et Rg nee meet) to visualize the relationships between different groups or EMeecetes ee WR os Ra ea ken considered as the initial groups or clusters, which can be ca ug ee co Sere eg EES Mum tun ne performance. For example, the staff group can be Pee Oe get eee cy ee ee Te) Cie iene Rn gla eo Hierarchical clustering isa suitable technique for this Pee ee Tee Meme Ra Er] Cre ake Cement tesnls ond relationships between different groups and subgroups. I ees ere aN nes ee Ue eo Oreck coe Tolee- Us MO RE Co ofthe hierarchical structure of the data, which can be Pete one E Uke eo Peesa EE ee Rol” Br Reon n Circe eueReoany ole canny lees Dee Ret Cun eT ocean EL al Re et eset et eOrer te N na ee cee eet ee Rue ugg ce SOE me WoeRe ac iar Pee uu Toh Pere ene ct Scene ur ka Cree eee ete crue Ce merges the closest pairs of clusters until all data points are contained in a single cluster. Divisive clustering starts with all data points in a single cluster and then iteratively divides the cluster into smaller subclusters Tae ec eeu erecta uses Pret ee nec mu UL Se Uc ia hierarchical clustering can be used to partition each eae ee eu eels el ete anus criteria. For example, the staff group can be partitioned CEN ele Eu eM nE io ee te ee SU) Coes The clustering process involves measuring the similarity eee Wet ee cn oe nu ru eMac uec deg Pt Ne eu oc ee ek Ce eo tele We Scie kage el Uiye) CC aE Rol: Rk ony: Circe eueReoany ole canny lees Ce Ree Cue ce So Sr SU Ogee We ee Cue ooo us Ce eM E ys Mure (um Yel PCS Me MRS Ree See) metrics such as Euclidean distance or cosine similarity. Once the hierarchical clustering algorithm has been applied, a dendrogram can be produced, which is a tree- oat aC Cc a Ce cece oe SUR nee key te Reet Tene an ine cen Se Etec and can be useful for identifying clusters that are similar Osi eg ee eect cace eco MMe cele Roto cte Tee erica technique for organizing employees into major groups ENN ee ot uN Wea Me soe Cee CEU Rac ake cena eis Rites nce een oleae ee ec) ern eM iene cue Mee mic wee Orca ke oe TolUe M RU Ze of the hierarchical structure of the data, which can be Pete Rena E UK PeesLJ i LEN 38.5KB/s FD) Le OB ull D9, Circe eueReoany ole canny lees eeu Mai cuken eaarre une Oe wee Ue Ne) Pe eee aed needs eure Re cel RS cole fl Leica ROL Tce Seu Pen eR et eee Roca a MCU se cA aS Berar cick cai) method. Justify your answe The appropriate clustering method for handwritten Cee career an eh US auc) clustering. K-means clustering is a type of partitioning Ceca Es anne Meee Tee Peseta Eun In this scenario, the set of handwriting samples can be Pere une Smee) Cote eae Oe ie Meg aca Ute cu) eure rete eG ate ere mee La ane CCC? De Re aa Ogg m Pe Oe et eee Racca)ete] COE e-Sol: ean. Circe eueReoany ole canny lees Remon eee em Laer medtia Cy Crier DO AUS uA Road Poneto Cone Rc etc Mec Suc) clustering is also suitable for this task as it allows for the Ceci cM neem are Ree aS CUT on ae STN Rene Tore eure Uy k-means clustering is a suitable technique for EU Mn Cem ee en ee Meek iis and scalable for large datasets, and it produces hard Cette Un eS eo enn ed Ce Me ecm eake a ea Cece ke aU ara ee ee Ud CMe nate Sema CO aa RCO Roe In conclusion, K-means clustering is a suitable technique OU Cue oar MSU) because it allows for the creation of general and ETc eke CU tea technique is efficient, scalable, and can handle non- TU Wei eu eh LeeC CEE ee Bol” Br Reon n Circe eueReoany ole canny lees DU MUR eee Leas Cen Oa cua nett SCC CMU eee) document processing, digital archive, and automated mail sorting. In this scenario, the set of handwriting Se ee mene erie Reg ea) oie et eto ee oe Mi Leese PT MR aU ce Lo tenet eee Rene a mu Cu Etc UMC a oe Panu ecu iee ey Came cae EU il Eun Roget E UC Ucn E Cag clusters based on their similarity. In the context of DU Maen eae a uu a) Cou i Wis te erm R Lara Re Crier BO en Ue en aC Na) CON eS Cee eso a measures the sum of distances between each data point and its centroid. The algorithm starts by randomly initializing K centroids and assigning each data point to Teen Renee a olay taking the mean of all data points assigned to each Oe CM ete Lo Come ee hue ce comune reacete] Ce cE Rol: Rk oony: Circe eueReoany ole canny lees Tee Co Wl cue tae A Dusen ke Una hore alg handwriting samples together into K clusters, where K is PCT eae Roce Me cay ec) TASC eG RUC UL ssa ec handwriting samples based on some criteria such as een ecu eo ay Nee Wee EM en (cers ecu eeu eeu aucune octet mec Eee Cg ec ee Ue Te Cte TCU RMR Moa tac BU cea PU Lee et Cae eS Ra A eer Rte ce) algorithm. Tou eeu ace Cue EMC cue CEU Scuola) Pe Nee eon Nes ones ae) Prec eee aC Wea te oa technique is efficient, scalable, and can handle non- Tee Ue Cn Pe Mn eta ene oer eee ae similarity, K-means clustering can help improve the Peal oe Rie ome Me Cun TC CCg reerTeen ESE SOl: aon a Difference between agglomerative clustering and Divisive clustering Me, Paameters agomeative Chtng sr Chi category Stomp aporosch Top-down approteh Iereity sine theea] 15.0KB/s BS) Le © Bat! GD 93. Circe eueReoany eee Soeur ee Re can Tuts tie CaN Cem re ne kena c et eeu ces CI Me UME out Recdt ius ee eke nese MT ere eke Ce lu Ra) Ri aur eel eee Tal eee Wee ane Wome Re ecu Ru ue (Ora u eee aye se eet eee clusters have been merged, they cannot be separated Eres aie Ee smeoueS ae eM eee Oe rel talc Mee cou ona ee cur ea eg eke Cun ea sce nTii) ReMi Oo ea eee nn Cee cued een ee Mee ne SCIEN CEU ecu Te In contrast, other clustering methods, such as k-means, allow for clusters to be dynamically updated as new data Deedee Ie Mes ae ae ae ec MMe eM eu Welt Ree LON ag iarSE Pee kod” Br Rac Circe eueReoany eee Soeur Sure, let me elaborate on the answer. Pecan Ratan Te Lees cui) Tene MN Nae el me i) clusters based on some similarity or dissimilarity CMe MMU ese UNS and visualization of data, as it can create a hierarchical Pees C MUN eter Cece clu) mee SLU te EN performed in hierarchical clustering, they cannot be ie Me eee eee Re cane Rug ry Em cles a Ce este ol OR OOo uc Roto T es lion or criterion, eo ME uc le kel cu eect Vaden kg Ce CA Rea CCM Reece Bue Ce cata eRe cure is met. Once two clusters are merged, they cannot be See Ce Carel cee aaa Similarly, in divisive hierarchical clustering, the process starts with all data points ina single cluster. Then, at CMM Se no ORE) predefined rule or criterion. Once a cluster is split, theeee OC cE Rol: RrR oon: Circe eueReoany eee Soeur are merged into a single cluster until a stopping criterion is met. Once two clusters are merged, they cannot be Se en aso a STAIN cee Re eM a eo} SUE I clue ket Cm each iteration, the cluster is split into two based ona predefined rule or criterion. Once a cluster is split, the two resulting clusters cannot be recombined into a single cluster. Be Rene ee ear ego} TCU ta at nena oc a TU Reto ure Ce ss a re ROTC eae Secu y rece Pee eg em ae Kee DY Ore CI humo te Ros Aca eT Creney ToC ee CU tue a OLS ne allow for clusters to be dynamically updated as new data Deedee Ie Mes eae ne Mee ce ee MMR RMR as Cia an Were cue ot Tee UE CMU Ru are eC ag ET tks 1c)r Dine mls sap og 452: Aeghmertne Neg (0) Aaranages 1 isang wv aici race wih ino 2 Manes ana er hese te aioe (©) olenevantanes Ye Hera hing was he inp of mg ands Sein of mae or pt ols eed oome ent op ef bc ple, eo eos he ey peated a fo ‘eer pros Tos, wd opens sli =) 09, 1 2 DE) 12 top sson fears pls ay elon gy ete. ‘ews ey 2-200 Theor ntan A000 vere 348.3 mIRC Ath tse E amt he img 4 ws wt ws de he 2, Thee unwts nlp he ning med see sips sy ne es ‘Sent inaning te + Gen a toes eee op 2 we bd {oa ener, + ample Casterng Fete: ‘Star The arg ee roe rsa! ha opt fre exile, pase at ee ve 9 ‘Sosa Chand Cr hig he ag ea nich epsvely. The eaters fn ‘Ser te me ete Cr + Ching fees tet eng ‘herman ee de aig ote + Supe tho ee pins (3. 28.89) 2 = enapitsrenrs6om4tor or FoF oo Bue im.as. 291 + Suppose a Cs 3 sexed ae 6 Re ew rs =P407. 10, 59. 5 +The cose tee of sw ca, Ct De ferme meng Cy and Ce eed aS (rams CFs Mat ice te eg anes mene sj | CP [43464711 (8421 136630 ‘ate croc ad Dithe eeagepave dates |e (a(S hh sD eet te ies of eer aan | SFO ‘sample esting 483 1 A-CF wes tigen we Wate ‘het fates fr Naa sae eb wa ad yr 2-246) (Bhs nines ASANO pec fugn ro (499) Computations compli el iets ese aa be =]Wr Rie srg tes frm member oj | F313 +3664 7 1810, 18 421.1866) toe cata he ven pb ee = Ids GS 60 Bh aD eet ie ln a cate aod ‘econ st fine wa cadence 2-Z46308) . son se pr Act ve 489: CF State pen 1908 ee na ech, Me mea es em the CP of pe ml ts mare cht bran ching faces Neh sett mm mt of chien fe rene 4 Ths T whieh spe the tina ‘moe sass toed a he ldo 4+ These wo prmete aMoece he seo he contin e 1 IR gor Phases ‘nema ses of BIRCH Phow1BIRCH ccs he tet il iin Thecus + Th te med semen + vob tsened let the cat et +e daar fhe suas sed a ea a te ier ge ta he es ae, ‘cles teun pole ks a ‘tr son fhe ew ej nee so "npc amare af ee + Re eo te CP we an he ean ie ‘ema Reed ict apes elected stra Sie Met watt he OF ech ne se * Oe te CF wee tt any chin lpn peal prt lian "ina went er 21-26 09) +R 45 ach the pein of Chl hone omc pep eg aes ‘io gop sic we ech ven te fh eps set ano le nh ‘ream eo vee ot et mE © lacing fetes fe Raia sae ‘empl in Fe 53 Blech raion a saoo se aad Compsttinna Comptes Te aps an ‘Revatnges of HRC Agorton shined hy umn thee met ly ace. The 3. Can ety ie pots snd ppc at Disadvantages of BIRCH Aigsithe 1. Shee CF Tre hat» intone mmber of CF oe ‘och el, he cserng rs ye ie fm eraleaegon carton 2. Te cting effet fiend Smet 2. ke arn lef hea et tsar {typeopee re tenes cae et retest [3.44 CHAMELEON Algorithm : Mutiphave ‘leach! 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A SAWN SHAM Ventre T1 aE emg PAs6) a ex[o | m1 |arnesre |r mro|valeun |e 21 | oars |as6 |r Us sina fn wet ecxteie22-220% 0) Pot Sup 5h tne main (3, 7S. 19) mt (72.7, ad Psat mle sag cer. — Geer nes rticton a aca sia ventopener jsge) x8 7,P4PS.P6 Now: compte he dc as sc wl abe si te 27,8005 Noe TREEv =: ni 4. Z enn ee fester oaa| allan gsr aa nde paiac as era aera ee cal inate cere = i a ul uy: Loki te shove dune ni a ep 5, = ‘ewe (OPPS se Pave xc 02 he nly ee. So, we mare tse oine seg te, To eo ned re camgte oe Fe a AR SOE ann si OL rie "Sea cneic yar-206309) There ntti ASCH SH Yee a N SERRE nee ree t]he er O14 ae a ices te] «Soa aipe sien On ne oe sore vem | ae ce mae |shace mai te ae 9 me ass Yo as [029 023 [o2s| oat | 022 silo ar ee rife |r [| ee | ee sat acco yr 22-20106309) Wer ngo ruins A ACN 4H Yee BR = & Sp 3st ate mae reas a ec peeunerehaaae Stivaoece ence an mee Posed | wh mn Pate wan caer 78 Bow wer | a se NY 2 PBL Now weg ance ma ce mana abve % aie P4810 Tose te ce of Pl foe POE | (PS, PE)PIY = Masi, PP ch PY = M022 025) om rial sore max m_[o2s/o Pi | az | aro] @3p6 [023 02s] 0 ri fosr s__ass[aulox |a2slo ri [om |oespo |e {os (ew abs wat cei year 2422045309) a ung Bene “ gg 4 Ine Hove, on no ‘ve et Sine 022 mee (3) “Taro ma ae at, P19 Noe rer ie ce man shove a039 [ox ero) (te bus wal cade yar 2204620) r ps z Fup se A, oP wp rawr wih sre dace 02,0 mee (PN ‘rarest sip later (P,P, 19) Noe hrc ne noite sce “Sh ome RAs “(zal mina |o Tre — anno [o mnie F109 Heel apa aR wn ae : 1 png oe ee i este 1P2, PS) and (PS, BA, FS) have the Lote! oa CB sles 039 ihe cay cme Heh. $2. we mense [ae | wa ett sng chy Thaw 0 ssn one mati (2, 7) 0 ses wi sone dae 034, 1 ene #9) ‘ott make ipl PPPS Now come tse ica te in tw acter 21-2609 Bree enon A540 90 Vere tang inns tne SeTene Sheena on nn nen tn wea 2120600 vara P4830) 2. vera ink tance Tt > stp scar ise mck te pe) aid: 1 [as7 20 ais] 0 exo [02s ]os0[o 5] 034| 014 020] 029 [0 ty [axfomfaw fo = 602 [026 a |o22 [a0 [0 #5 [assfausloa [oxo in_[r» [vs [re [rs [re fer [re [irsne [ov [8 (a Now Sus we mc ar 22-2206 305) (Blrerteo maonon sacri sn bet “ reer (P2. PS). Now pe a EP ‘(Now Sarma acy 2-206 209, asses natin MU Sem 6 re mate 2am PS we ease, vie f 2 distance 0.14, 50 merge P2 and PS a4 0 ie (2. Now cope eon nO a ll EI ace 1 i q CL t & ot CR 5 {114 . rere Tee este Passi won P4810) nm ° I aa war _[o2slo | | ¢ rasa |az7|aas [o oar [oxo in [ear |wanire ase6| om [o_o sap tate doe i 5) Lee jon lon lois te ‘clusters with shortest distance 0.24, so merge (P2. PS) = a tee ‘and Pi and mabe a single chster (PI, P2. PS) Now, re- 4s tah shove matin (376) and Pare | compu te dsc mit above, ‘ic wh shreds 15, 0 mace (3, PO) "SOP make tg eer, 4, PO) Now. mm dace mai aon = feta yeu 223006309 Bhecremtcone ACH SH Yee‘174mm above mat, FPO) an ae 0 ‘wi short dane 15, $0 mare (P,P) ‘24 dma sige aster (P. PA, PO. 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By understanding which products are CMR Tea eke a eos re) identify groups of customers with similar buying Tee React Rec Ue RNs UT ol eet Seca Menon oie ts CU lg ere oe eee ge aL) Ce ee cece ee oooh aay Tec neue Mec an eroe Piece ea acetic cea ee Ee ee Menem tes eran rts Rnd Ce ea Cig businesses to gain insights into customer behavior and improve their sales and marketing strategies.10:55AM @ Ce ce Bok: Pk oeoin Circe eueReoany MBA for Business Intelligence Dee Deedee ce Ne SESE RecN) Poem Ueto ae Coes eee Ur) Pen er ea Mae ia aN analyzing a large dataset of transactional data from eee Cue ee eT ae ree aa a Xe eae Ey MoM acre su set The goal of MBA is to identity the relationships between te ee ketene PERC eer es eae ORT ee te nae ek te ere ear a) eee tee CE Aon te oe CANA cei Sek aad SOO nee UNE CU NEE coe cose CMake settle Se ae es ecm CM Sey ee gout nN Cee una Cn eC UA nec) Ces cM ne Re CS any measures such as support, confidence, and lift. 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