1.What is a router in networking?

Answer: A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer
networks. It is a fundamental component of most modern computer networks, including the
Internet.The primary function of a router is to determine the best path for data to travel from
the source to the destination network.

2. How is a hub related to a repeater?

Answer: A hub and a repeater are both networking devices that operate at the physical layer
(Layer 1) of the OSI model and are used to extend the reach of a network by boosting and
retransmitting signals.

3. What is the basis for membership in a VLAN?

Answer: : VLAN membership can be classified by port, MAC address, and protocol type.
Membership in a VLAN can be defined based on the ports that belong to the VLAN. The
basis for membership in a VLAN is logical grouping of devices based on criteria such as
function, department, location, or security requirements.

4. What are the advantages of VLANs?

Answer: The advantages are-
1.Enhanced Network Security
2.Improved Network Performance
3.Simplified Network Management
4.Quality of Service (QoS) Support
5.Flexible network design

5. What is a VLAN and how does it work?

Answer: Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) separate an existing physical network into
multiple logical networks. Thus, each VLAN creates its own broadcast domain.
Communication between two VLANs can only occur through a router that is connected to
both. VLANs work as though they are created using independent switches.

6. What is a hub in networking ?

Answer: A hub is a device that operates only in the physical layer. Signals that carry
information within a network can travel a fixed distance before attenuation endangers
the integrity of the data.

7. What is a router in networking ?

Answer: A router is a three-layer device; it operates in the physical, data-link, and network
layers. As a physical-layer device, it regenerates the signal it receives. As a link-layer
device, the router checks the physical addresses (source and destination) contained in
the packet. As a network-layer device, a router checks the network-layer addresses.

8. What is a VLAN?
Answer: VLAN stands for Virtual Local Area Network. It is a logical grouping of devices
within a physical network, allowing network administrators to partition a single LAN into
multiple virtual networks for better traffic management and security.
9.What is the link layer switch ?
Answer: A link-layer switch (or switch) operates in both the physical and the data-link
layers. As a physical-layer device, it regenerates the signal it receives. As a link-layer
device,the link-layer switch can check the MAC addresses (source and destination)
contained in the frame.

10. Does a repeater have filtering capability ?

Answer: A repeater has no filtering capability.

11. How does a router determine the best path for forwarding packets?
Answer: : A router determines the best path for forwarding packets by using routing
protocols and maintaining routing tables. These tables contain information about network
topology and connectivity, allowing the router to make intelligent decisions about packet
forwarding