' H. WORKSHOP EXERCISE 1 TITLE: COMPUTE PERIPHERALS. OBJECTIVE: The student should be able to identify the systeny unit. the monitor. the scanner, the printer, the plotter, the keyboard ete, PURPOSE AND BACK : ap : eae The computer device made up of many distnet electron components that function together in order to accomplish some useful task. Most computers today arc modular, ‘That is. they have components that can be removed and replaced wil component of simi funtion in onder to improve performance. Each component hi very specific fumetion, Some of these components will be examined; they system unit. monitor, scanner, printer, plotter, keyboard, e ROUND: ‘stem EQUIPMENT: A computer system, a wrist s rap. Nut drive drivers, Electronic discharge (ESD) proteetion Kit. scanner. plotter and printe PROCEDURES: p 1. Identify the system unit, monitors. scanner. printer, plotter. the keyboard. and the mouse 2. Detach the keyboard from the system 3. Detach the mouse from the system, EXERCISES fe i. Draw the diagrams of the parts identified in your graphnotebook Explain the functions of each part or equivalent identified Differentiate between AT and PS/2 keyboard in your hotebogk. Differentiate between AT and PS/2 mouse in your notebook Differentiate between monochrome and colour monitor in vour notebook vi. Differentiate between AT and ATX system unit Vii, What ate the uses of scanner and plotters? a PRECAUTION Never work on ‘ @ system without switching off the mains. . Power and removing the cord trom the CONCLUSION CLOSING |. Return equipment. tools and materiale Bos tools and materials your Workshop note to the T echnologist in charge for asse nentWORK SHOD EN MOTHERBOARD IDEN TIPICA PION OBIRCTIVE: Identification and replacement of matherboard, motherhowd nuanuials, PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND: A Hine motherboard also ealte the rate vel de dhe sain chee wit Baal ie tle 9p ten at eis most important components af a PE together suche ay CRC under sine: eine expansion slots, video components, random aveesss meniory((AM) loti. ane i ans other clips, 1s located inside the system anit, The system board can be inteyrated or nen inteprated EQUIPMENT Malliérioard A system board (either mounted ina ease or not), Antisttic writ strap, Matherbas manuals, Internet access, 1D software or local vendor contact PROCEDURES; 1, Take ESD protection as instructed in the elas 2, Adentify AT and ATX motherboards and layouts for their components. 3. If the motherboard is installed in a cuse, remove the case cover 4. If needed, remove components and/or cabling, to putin access to the motherboard uifacturer's name and 1) number, Be sure to cat efully record these conneetions so they can be properly replaced. ' ‘These numbers may be difficult to find and hard to + look carefully, As ‘ome familiar with different manufacturers, it will become ea EXERCISES (i) Records formation from the motherboard of the computer | Namer Type cit | Applicable) at | HISA (number a : Vispe er and | PCI umber and type) “Tr - 5 j | AGP or AGP pro (number and z t a a: y ——/H. (ii) Where is the first place to look to determine the manufacturer of a motherboard? PRECAUTION: ‘All necessary safety precautions need to be followed carefully concerning power supplies and electrostatic discharge. CONCLUSION CLOSING: 1. Return all the equipment used for this exercise to the technician in charge of the workshop. 2, Submit your graph notebook for group assessment.WORKSHOP EXERCISE 3 TITLE: IDENTIFYING ROM AND BIOS CHIPS OBJECTIVE: The student would be able to locate and identify the ROM chip. BIC chip, and BIOS manufacturer on a motherboard, E AND BACKGROUND: . : eae to other hardware components, a computer contains a special chip mom asa BIOS chip. BIOS ~ The basic input-output system is a ROM chip that has built ~ in commands which allow the system to power-up and perform a self-test of its hardware _ before turning over control to the operating system. It also determines what devices the computer can support. Different motherboards have different BIOS chips. but most often the motherboard manufacturer either makes its own BIOS or uses one from another manufacturer. - ROM-Read-Only memory, as its name implies can be read, but not changed. It is used to store basic information the computer needs to operate for example. the BIOS EQUIPMENT. , A.computer motherboard, Motherboard manuals, Intemet access for research (if available) PROCEDURES 1. Observe proper care concerming power supplies and ESD 2. Determine the manufacturer and version number of the BIOS. Also. examine the physical ROM chip to help answer the questions below. EXERCISES (i) Describe the physical appearance of the ROM chip and its location on the board (ii) What types of BIOS are used? Manufacturer ] Version/Type | Battery Type Re-Writeable? | (iii) Why is the BIOS needed? (iv) If an Inteet connection is available, visit the manufac turer's website and list the version number and any new features that are supported. wv) (vi) Can the BIOS be upgraded? (vii) What are the steps that must be taken to upgrade the BIOS? rrPRECAUTION Use ex! cautions when flashing the BIOS. Make sure to use the correct file and that it ie not comupt. If the BIOS is flashed with the incorrect BIOS type or with a corrupt file, the board may be rendered inoperable CONCLUSION CLOSIN 1 Return all equipment used to the Workshop Technician Submit your graph notebook for assessment.WORKSHOP 4 EXPANSION " aie Es e student should be «varity various types of expansion card: CTIVE: The student should b bole to identify various € OBIE! PURPOSE AND BACKGRO Adapter cards (also Known as expansion ea important thing 10 note is that no matter what funetich must match the bus type of the motherboard you are Insta only install a PCT network card into a PC expansion slot. ds) come in many different kinds. but ‘on a card has, the card being install Iling it into (for exampl EQUIPMENT fa Mea modules, video Adapter cards. Graphics Accelerator cards. Controller cards. Network interface cards, sound cards and Modem. PROCEDURE 1. Identify item A 2. Identify item B 3. Identify item C 4, Identify item D 5. Identify item E 6. Identify item F 7. Identify item G EXERCISES (i) How many types of item A do we have? (ii) On which slots are item B inserted and what are they used for? (iii) Explain what item C are used for in your graph notebook (iv) On which slot is item D placed or inserted? (¥) What is the function of item G? (vi) Draw the cireuit diagrams of each card notebook. identified with correct labelling in your PRECAUTION . Always connect an expansion card to its expansion slot or bus CONCLUSION CLOSING: (1) Return the cards to their a (2) Submit your graph notebook to the Techni: re 7 ‘echniciar f pl you in or Technologist in charge for propriate position in the workshopG. WORKSHOP EXERCISE 5 TITLE: IDENTIFYING COMPU ER EXPANSION SLOTS OBJECTIVES: (i) The student should be able to identity expansion slots and expansion cards on the system board and other components relating to them. The student should be able to list the advantages and disadvantages of each expansion slot Gi) PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND; The motherboard or system board has expansion slots (also called bus slots). These are sockets on the motherboard into which the expansion cards (other circuit cards) can be plugged after opening the system unit. The expansion slot connects the card to the computer system data bus. Expansion sots allow the life of a computer to be extended since new technology can be added as it becomes available. EQUIPMENT: Motherboard and motherboard manuals. expansion cards. PROCEDURES (1) Verify that the power cord is disconnected and that the anti-static wrist straps is in place. Remove the system case from the system Locate the expansion slots on the motherboard (or riser card) and list them 2) a. a | b. ie. c. ft EXERCISES (i) Describe the ISA, PCI and AGP expansion slots by their locations colours and length. What is the speed difference between PCI and ISA expansion slots. (ii) Using the available resources. identify any expansion cards that are installed pia {6 } iii) What types of expansion cards would be installed in a PCI slot? PRECAUTION: Occasionally when A PC is moved form one location to another. an expansion card may become unseated. Verify that all expansion cards are properly seated as well as all connectors properly plugged in before turning the unit on ‘SION CLOSING: Return the motherboards to the technician in charge of the workshop Submit your graph notebook for group assessment 7 1 2D. WORKSHOP EXERCISE 6 4 SOCKETS TITLE: IDENTIFYING RAM AND RAM sOCK. OBJECTIVE: se will focus on the identification of various types of Randg ese entry (RAM) and RAM sockets. gar hg obeoblghr i SS Ree used by the CPU 10 store open files and acti Pence cy RAM is volatile, meaning that any information stored in it is lost wisiatinwathers ofedae conncetors, The RAM boards (also called sticks) are made 30 72, 168 or 184 pin configurations. They are referred to as SIMMs or DIMMs. depending on the chip density. Many times. the only information to be gained vis manufacturer's name. This is why a quality equipment for PC repair shops. ly is the RAM tester is a critical piece of diagnostic EQUIPMEN’ A functioning computer system with two DIMMs installed and the proper tools to remove the computer cover, manual for the motherboard used in the computer. (optional) RAM Tester. If unsure of the operation of the RAM tester, ask the Instructor for further instruction. PROCEDURES: 1. Observe proper care concerning power supplies and ESD 2. Boot the system and Record the post amount of RAM 3. Shut down the system and follow all the safety steps in removing the cover of the Computer 4. After gaining access to the motherboard, note the position of the RAM slsots and whether they are in use, making notes in your notebook. SLOT TYPE AOTAL NUMBER OF SLOTS | NUMBER OF SLOTS OPEN TAL RAM CAPACITY 1 SAC AEA CTY asia | eee] $- Refer to the motherboard manual or search the internet for the type and range of RAM chips that can be installed on this computer. 6 MF there are two sticks of RAM installed. remove one of the RAM sticks. noting the Jocation and orientation of the stick : 7 Ru the cover of the computer back on the computer and plug in the power conts, Satan the computer system. Note the post-test amoung 8, Short down the system and follow all the safer steps in remo’ cover. ° 9. ng the computer Reinstall the RAM stick that w: 10, Put the cover of the compute ‘as removed ins step 7 Restart the € F back on the compu Note the post-test RA! and plug in the power cords. puter system, P M amounti. Me EXERCISES (i) Record the information about the installed RAM sticks in the table below (ii) (iii) Was an antistatic wrist strap use while working with RAM modules? (iv) What other types of RAM are there besides the typ PRECAUTION: Ta stalled in the PC worked on’ extreme caution when working with RAM. ESD is one of the most common problems when working on computers, Make sure to have an antistatic wrist strap on at all times, and make sure to be properly grounded. The chips on a RAM module are built for 33 volts. Ifa static discharge is large enough to see a spark, it is 300 volts. CON -USION CLOSING 1. Return all equipment used for this exercise to the Workshop Technician/Technologist Submit your graph notebook for group assessment. 19WORKSHOP EXERCISE 7 TITLE: IDENTIFYING STORAGE DEV ICES i 2 the storage di OBJECTIVE: The exercise is aimed at introducing the students to storage dey used on computer. JRPOSE AND BACKGROUND a 8 Soeestaetiog are used to store data permanently until it is oes are because of the volatile nature of RAM (primary storage). Storage ¢ 2) ie a secondary storage e.g. diskette or a hard disk. They hold the data being a seed a as the files the system needs to operate and data that need to be saved. The many differen 'ypes of storage differ in terms of their capacity (how much they can store). access time how fast the computer can access the information). and the physical type of media used. | EQUIPMENT Hard disk drive, floppy disk drive, CD ROM drive, 3% inch floppy disk drive. 5'2 inch floppy disk drive. PROCEDURES Identify item A, B.C, D, E and note them down in your notebook EXERCISES (@) What are the three critical components of a hard disk? Gi) What is the difference between item D and E? (iii) What is the difference between hard disk drives and floppy disk drives? (iv) What are CD-ROM drives used for? () Mention other storage drives and media you know. PRECAUTION Floppy drives are to be connected appropriately to its Position. It is , : b 2 ; - Tis necessary to get a dis that is rated for the drive we are using. +10 get a disk CLOSING CLOSING 1. Return all e 2 Sub ‘quipment used for the exercise to the mit your graph notebook to the Technici Workshop Technician ‘an/ Technologist for group assessmentWORKSHOP EXERCISE 8 TITLE: THE COMPUTER CASE AND POWER SUPPLY OBJECTIVES: (i) The student should be able to identify the type of computer case to be used. the form factor of the unit, and the voltage selector switch on the power supply (ii) The student should be able to take inventory of all the components that will be installed in the computer case. (iii) The student should be able to install motherboard stands off that will prepare the case for the installation of the motherboard. PURPOSE AND BACKGROUND: A computer case is the enclose that encases all the components of a computer. All the computer's components mount to the inside of the case. The cases essentially the mounting platform for all the electronic devices that make up the computer. Cases are square or rectangular boxes, usually being in colour and made of steel aluminium or plastic, The computer's components would not be able to operate without power. The device in the computer that provides the power is the supply. It convert electric current from wall socket into direct current at the proper voltage for the computer. It uses connectors that provide power to differentiate components inside the box. EQUIPMENT: ESD wrist strap, tool kit and screws, computer case with power supply. motherboard stand offs and screws, motherboard and manual. PROCEDURES 1. Wear the antistatic wrist strap during the entire installation process to prevent electrostatics discharge, which can be extremely hazardous to computer device: 2. Create an inventory of all computer components that will be installed into computer. Fill them on the inventory sheet provided for this exercise. 3. Adhere to the local power requirements when selecting the voltage for the power supply: 4. Attach the motherboard stand offs to the case, Standoffs are small pegs made of a non-conductive material that helps avoid short circuits by preventing the motherboard from touching the case. Look at the holes on the motherboard to help place the standoffs in the proper locations. EXERCISES (@) Examine the screws that will be used for the case. Are the screw Philips, Flats head, Posidriver. or Torx? Examine the computer case. is it an AT or ATX case? Briefly describe the difference between an AT and an ATX case (ii) Is the case a desktop. mini-tower, mid-tower. or a full tower? ii) Power supplies are rated by wattage. which is usually between 250 and 300 watts. What is the power supply rat ng for the case? PRECAUTIO An equipment list can help solve problems before they’ start. If there is an item missing. it Will be discovered before the job is half done. 2J CONCLUSION CLOSING 1 Returned all the e ‘luipment used to the Technician in charge 2. Submit your graph notebook for group assessment. of workshopTITLE, D PURPOSE AND BA! itis net herboard for installation, RAM banks are slotted sequentially in banks 1.2. — WORKSHOP EXERCISE 9 MOTHERBOARD INSTALLATION OBJECTIVES: a T judent should be abie to install the motherboard insi securing it with appropriate screws (ii) The student should also be able to install the CPU, heat sink. L EDs and the memory modules. ide the casing by CKGROUND are the motl ssary to prep where RAM are 3 (ie, 128. 64. 32). The main memory subdivided into Slots and the slots are identified ‘and number in sequence DIMN ‘bank 1, DIMM bank 2 and DIMM bank 3. We nee and fan, RAM, con: using @ jumper to rcuit on the board sey configure the motherboard by installing the CPU. the heat sink ing the power cable. Motherboard jumpers are also configured Py bridge @ pair of pins that ware to be connected togetter 10 complete # b EQUIPMENT ESD wrist stra fan and heat sink, Therma! F PROCEDURES 1. 3. re and antistatic mat, tool kit and screws motherboard and manual. CPU with J grease, RAM (use thi ‘e appropriate type for the motherboard. ‘Be sure to wear an antistatic wrist Strap and used extreme ca! static electricity could render a motherboard useless. work on the PC that i ‘; being built and properly install CPU fan and RAM. Ley the motherboard down on th y ¢ antistatic mat. Tnatherboard. The CPU socket is keye way. Pick up the CPU and locate pin one. Nom that the CPU may only vray into the CPU socket. Installed te CPU into the CPU socket being installed into a Zero insertion ree zi) socket. no foree is necessary. TT any force has to be applied. the CPU is not lined up correctly. After the CPU is 2 ae. adjust the CPU socket lever until is jn the locked position, When the lever aif iis in the locked position when the lever is locked the CPU is secure. vite heat sink. Use the four serews that can ye with the fan securely to the top of the heat sink re. One discharge of Tn this exercise. continue 1 led the motherboard. heat sink Identify the CPU soc! ket on the .d so that the CPU may only be inserted one be inserted one If the CPU is Note: Some heat sinks are already equipped with a fan and will not need to be secured with screws. the fan-he: To atta at sink assembly to th ind align the he «CPU. lay the heat sink down on the CPU teat sink chips 10 their correct positions, o% the CPU socket. I necessary. rock the heat sink into position until one side of the heat sink is locked aeen to the outside of the CPU socket. Neste ash down the other chip wn Jocks, after both sides of the heat sink are chapped. the heat sink vill Be secure the CPU. to tached the power connection for the heat sink fan to the motherboard, Use the eee epoard manual to identify the fan power PHS Of the motherboard. Connect the fan power leads to th ese pins. making sure they are SeculS and in the correct orientation.Ih ’ ets, Use the motherboard manual to identify the memory g micmory sockets, Us en dentity th wre than one memory chip is to be installed, follow the ir i fi he motherboard to ack more, I is common for the next memory chipe for the motherboare Fhe next memory chi Att! in suekel hve, Refer to the motherboard manual or specific infomai Hit illed the motherboard, Align the motherboard with the standoff and 5 i . the cave, The motherboard imay have to be pushed back slightly against the plate fo pet it to tine up correctly, Onee the motherboard is seated, use the 0 eure Eto the case, Do not over-tighten the screws or the board may by 9 Connect the front pane LEDs to the motherboard, ‘The Arotherboard connects tot EEDs on the front panel of the computer ease to give the operational status of the: computer, For example, a green LED on the front panel indicates that the computer - is running, Use the manual for the motherboard to identify all of the LE, s, EXERCISES (i) What CPU type does the motherboard support? Who is the manufacturer of the CPU? (i) As the heat sink being installed attached with s (iv) What would happen if the CPU f rew fan stopped during normal computer operations? PRECAUTION Proper install Newer proce be de tion Of the cooling fan is absolutely necessary. with newer proce: ors run at very high temperatures that can cause lestroyed if not cooled properly, Ors. diminished pertormance or CONCLUSION CLOSING 1. Return all the equipment used for this exeres rechnici Sed Tor this exercise to the Technician in charve of workshop n in charge of the 2. Submit your gre *Ph notebook for group as nent,