12 th computer science python Unit -1 MCQs\1 marks Questions

[1] State True or False – ‘Tuple is one of the datatypes of python having data in key-value
pair.”

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. False
Correct Statement: Tuple is one of the datatypes of python having collection of data.

[2] State True or False “Python has a set of keywords that can also be used to declare
variables.”

Ans.: False
Correct Statement: Python keywords are reserved words but cannot be used to decare variables.

[3] Which of the following is not a valid python operator?

a) %

b) in

c) #

d) **

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: c) #
Explanation: # symbol is used to write a single line comment in python where % and ** is
arithmatic operator where as in is membership operator.

[4] What will be the output of the following python expression?

print(2**3**2)

a) 64

b) 256

c) 512

d) 32

”Hide_Answer”
Ans.: c) 512
Explanation: As per execution from the statement 3**2 – 9 and 2**9 is 512

[5] Which of the following is not a keyword?

a) eval

b) nonlocal

c) assert

d) pass

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. : a) eval
Explanation: eval is a function rest all three are keywords.

[6] Observe the given dictionary:

d_std={“Roll_No”:53,”Name”:’Ajay Patel’}

d_marks={“Physics”:84,”Chemistry”:85}

Which of the following statement will combine both dictionaries?

a) d_std + d_marks

b) d_std.merge(d_marks)

c) d_std.add(d_marks)

d) d_std.update(d_marks)

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. d) d_std.update(d_marks)
Explanation: The + concates immutable objects as well as merge and add functions cannot be
used for combine dictionary.

[7] What will be the output of the following python dictionary operation?

data = {‘A’:2000, ‘B’:2500, ‘C’:3000, ‘A’:4000}

print(data)
a) {‘A’:2000, ‘B’:2500, ‘C’:3000, ‘A’:4000}

b) {‘A’:2000, ‘B’:2500, ‘C’:3000}

c) {‘A’:4000, ‘B’:2500, ‘C’:3000}

d) It will generate an error

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: c) {‘A’:4000,’B’:2500,’C’:3000}
Explanation: When a key is repated in dictionary declaration the latest key value is considered
for repeated key.

[8] What will be the output for the following expression:

not ((False and True or True) and True)

a) True

b) False

c) None

d) Null

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. : b) False
Explanation:
not((False and True or True) and True)
not((False or True) and True)
not(True and True)
not True
False

[9] What will be the output for the following expression:

print(True or not True and False)

Choose one option from the following that will be the correct output after executing the above
python expression.

a) False

b) True
c) or

d) not

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) True
Explanation:
True or not True and False
True or False and False
True or False
True

[10] What will be the output of the given code?

s=’CSTutorial@TutorialAICSIP’

o=s.partition(‘Tutorial’)

print(o[0]+o[2])

a) CSTutorial

b) CSTutorialAICSIP

c) CS@TutorialAICSIP

d)Tutorial@TutorialAICSIP

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. c) CS@TutorialAICSIP
Explanation:
The s.partition(‘Tutorial’) will return tuple as – (‘CS’, ‘Tutorial’, ‘@TutorialAICSIP’)
Then o[0] return – CS and o[2] return TutorialAICSIP

[11] Select the correct output of the following python code:

str=”My program is program for you”

t = str.split(“program”)

print(t)

a) [‘My ‘, ‘ is ‘, ‘ for you’]

b) [‘My ‘, ‘ for you’]

c) [‘My’,’ is’]

d) [‘My’]

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: a) [‘My’,’ is’,’ for you’]

Explanation: The split method will separate the string from given word.

[12] Which of the following operations on a string will generate an error?

a) “PYTHON”*2

b) “PYTHON” + “10”

c) “PYTHON” + 10

d) “PYTHON” + “PYTHON”

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: c) “Python” + 10
Explanation: For string concatenation both operands should be string only. A string and number
is invalid combination.

[13] Kevin has written the following code:

d={‘EmpID’:1111,’Name’:’Ankit
Mishra’,’PayHeads’:[‘Basic’,’DA’,’TA’],’Salary’:(15123,30254,5700)} #S1

d[‘PayHeads’][2]=’HRA’ #S2

d[‘Salary’][2]=8000 #S3

print(d) #S4

But he is not getting output. Select which of the following statement has errors?

a) S1

b) S2 and S3

c) S3
d) S4

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: c) S3
Explanation: The tuple is assigned as value for the key salary which is immutable.

[14] What will be the output of following expression in python?

print ( round (100.0 / 4 + (3 + 2.55) , 1 ) )

a) 30.0

b) 30.5

c) 30.6

d) 30.1

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: c) 30.6
Explanation: The expressio will be executed in this manner:
(100.0/4+(3+2.55)
(100.0/4+5.55)
25.0+5.55
30.55 will round up to 1 digit i.e. 30.6

[15] Consider this statement: subject=’Computer’ + ‘ ’ + ‘Science 083’

Assertion(A): The output of statement is – “Computer Science 083”

Reason(R): The ‘+’ operator works as concatenate operator with strings and join the given
strings

(A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation for A

(B) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation for A

(C) A is True but R is False

(D) A is false but R is True

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanaton for A
Watch this video for more understanding:

MCQs Python Revision Tour

[16] Fill in the Blank:

The explicit ___________________ of an operand to a specific type is called type casting.

a) Conversion

b) Declaration

c) Calling of Function

d) Function Header

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.:a) Conversion
Explanation: Declaration is used to declare variables it does not convert any datatype, Calling
function and function header will be not relevant options related to types casting here.

[17] Which of the following is not a core data type in Python?

a) Boolean

b) integers

c) strings

d) Class

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: d) Class
Explanation: Core data types in python are boolean, integers and string.

[18] What will the following code do?

dict={"Exam":"SSCE", "Year":2022}
dict.update({"Year”:2023} )

a) It will create a new dictionary dict={” Year”:2023} and an old dictionary will be deleted

b) It will throw an error and the dictionary cannot be updated

c) It will make the content of the dictionary as dict={“Exam”:”AISSCE”, “Year”:2023}

d) It will throw an error and dictionary and do nothing

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: c) It will make the content of the dictionary as dict={“Exam”:”AISSCE”, “Year”:2023}

Explanation: The update() function will make changes to the old dictionary and produce the new
dictionary as values specified with update.

[19] What will be the value of the expression :

4+3%5

a) 2

b) 6

c) 0

d) 7

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: d) 7
Explanation: In this expression 3%5 will execute first. So the value is 3 only then 4 + 3=7.

[20] Select the correct output of the code:

a= "Year 2022 at All the best"

a = a.split('2')
b = a[0] + ". " + a[1] + ". " + a[3]
print (b)

a) Year . 0. at All the best

b) Year 0. at All the best

c) Year . 022. at All the best

d) Year . 0. at all the best

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: a) Year . 0. at All the best

Explanation: The split() function will split text from the specified digit 2.
a.split(‘2’) = [‘Year ‘, ‘0’, ”, ‘ at All the best’]
Now a[0] = ‘Year ‘
The “.” will be concatenated to the string as “Year .”
and finally a[3] = ‘ at All the best’ will be also added.

[21] Which of the following statement(s) would give an error after executing the following
code?

S="Welcome to class XII" # Statement 1

print(S) # Statement 2
S="Thank you" # Statement 3
S[0]= '@' # Statement 4
S=S+"Thank you" # Statement 5

a) Statement 3

b) Statement 4

c) Statement 5

d) Statement 4 and 5

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) Statement 4
Explanation: String is immutable object of python, Hence it does not allow this operation. Rest
all statements are correct.

[22] State true or false:

“A dictionary key must be of a data type that is mutable”.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: False
Explanation: Dictionary values are accessed through the keys itself and it uses a hash value
which is associated with unique key. Hence it must be immutable.

[23] What will be the data type of p, if p=(15)?

a) int

b) tuple

c) list

d) set

”Hide_Answer”
Ans.: a) int
Explanation: p stores only single number in paranthesis. Parantehsis with comma becomes tuple,
but only single number represents int in python.

[24] Which of the following is a valid identifier in python?

a) else_if

b) for

c) pass

d) 2count

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. a) else_if
Explanation: for and pass keywords in python and 2count is statrted with a digit which is
viaolation of python variable naming convetion rule.

[25] Consider the given expression:

‘5’ or 4 and 10 and ‘bye’

Which of the following will be the correct output if the given expression is evaluated?

a) True

b) False

c)’5’

d)’bye’

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. c) ‘5’
Explanation: The expression is evaluated in this manner:
10 and ‘bye’ returns ‘bye’
4 and ‘bye’ returns ‘bye’
‘5’ or ‘bye’ returns ‘5’

[26] Select the correct output of the code:

for i in "CS12":
print([i.lower()], end="#")
a) ‘c’#’s’#’1’#’2’#

b) [“cs12#’]

c) [‘c’]#[‘s’]#[‘1’]#[‘2’]#

(d) [‘cs12’]#

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: c) [‘c’]#[‘s’]#[‘1’]#[‘2’]#
Explanation:
C – [c.lower()], end=’#’ – [‘c’]#
S – [s.lower()],end=’#’ – [‘s’]#
1 and 2 remains same as [‘1’]#[‘2’]#

[27] Which of the following Statement(s) would give an error after executing the following
code?

d={"A":1, "B": 2, "C":3, "D":4} #Statement 1

sum_keys =0 #Statement 2
for val in d.keys(): #Statement 3
sum_keys=sum_keys+ val #Statement 4
print(sum_keys)

a) Statement 2

b) Statement 4

c) Statement 1

d) Statement 3

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) Statement 4

[28] What will the following expression be evaluated to in Python?

print(25//4 +3**1**2*2)

a) 24

b)18

c) 6
d) 12

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: d) 12
Explanation: First ** operator will execute from right to left
So 1**2 = 1
Then 3**1=3
Now the expression is 25//4+3*2.
So 6+3*2 = 6 + 6 = 12.

[29] What will be the output of the following expression?

24//6%3 , 24//4//2 , 48//3//4

a) (1,3,4)

b) (0,3,4)

c) (1,12,Error)

d) (1,3,#error)

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. a) (1,3,4)
Explanation:
Exp1- 24//6%3 = 4%3 = 1
Exp2 – 24//4//2 = 6//2 = 3
Exp3 – 48//3//4 = 16//4 = 4

[30] What will the following expression be evaluated to in Python?

print(23 + (5 + 6)**(1 + 1))
(a) 529

(b) 144

(c) 121

(d) 1936

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) 144
Explanation:
Bracket off – 11**2 = 121
Now 23+121 =144

2marks
1. a) Given is a Python string declaration:

message='FirstPreBoardExam@2022-23'

Write the output of: print(message[ : : -3].upper())

b) Write the output of the code given below

d1={'rno':21, 'name':'Rajveer'}
d2={'name':'Sujal', 'age':17,'class':'XII-A'}
d2.update(d1)
print(d2.keys())

Ans.:

Steps:

a)

F i r s t P r e B o a r d E x a m@2 0 2 2 – 2 3
-25 -24 -23 -22 -21 -20 -19 -18 -17 -16 -15 -14 -13 -12 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
F S R O D A 2 2 3

b)

Steps:

d2={‘name’:’Rajveer’, ‘age’:17,’class’:’XII-A’,’rno’:21, ‘rno’:21}

Now, d.keys() will return – dict_keys([‘name’,’age’,’class’,’rno’])

a) 322ADORSF
b) dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'class', 'rno'])

2. Predict the output of the following code:

dt=["P",10,"Q",30,"R",50]
t=0
a=""
ad=0
for i in range(1,6,2):
t = t + i
 a = a + dt [i-1] + "@"
ad = ad + dt[i]
print (t, ad, a)

Ans.:

Steps:

Iteration Values
i=1
t=t+i
1 t=0+1=1
a=””+”P”+”@”=P@
ad=0+10=10
i=3
t=1+3=4
2
a=’P@’+’Q’+’@’=P@Q@
ad=10+30=40
i=5
t=4+5=9
3
a=’P@Q@’+’R’+’@’
ad=40+50=90
4 For Loop Ends
9 90 P@Q@R@

3. Predict the output of the given code:

L=[11,22,33,44,55]
Lst=[]
for i in range(len(L)):
if i%2==1:
t=(L[i],L[i]*2)
Lst.append(t)
print(Lst)

Ans.:

Steps:

Iteration Values
0 Condition False
i=1
1 t=(22,44)
Lst=[(22,44)]
2 Condition False
3 i=3
 t=(44,88)
Lst=[(22,44),(44,88)]
4 Condition False
5 For loop Ends
[(22, 44), (44, 88)]

4. a) What will be the output of the following string operation?

str="PYTHON@LANGUAGE"
print(str[2:12:2])

b) Write the output of the following code.

data = [11,int(ord('a')),12,int(ord('b'))]
for x in data:
x = x + 10
print(x,end=' ')

Ans.:

Steps:

a)

PYTHON@LANG U A G E
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
T O @ A G

b)

Iteration Values
x=11
1
x=x+10=21
x=97
2
x=x+10=97+10=107
x=12
3
x=x+10=12+10=22
X=98
4
X=X+10=98+10=108
a) TO@AG
b) 21 107 22 108

5. Write the output of the following code and the difference between a*3 and (a,a,a)?

a=(1,2,3)
print(a*3)
print(a,a,a)

Ans.:

(1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3)
((1, 2, 3) (1, 2, 3) (1, 2, 3))

Difference:

a*3 will repeate the tuple 3 times where as (a,a,a) will repeat tuple 3 times into a separate tuple.

6. Predict the output

s="ComputerScience23"
n = len(s)
m=""
for i in range(0, n):
if (s[i] >= 'a' and s[i] <= 'm'):
m = m +s[i].upper()
elif (s[i]>=’n’ and s[i]<=’z’):
m = m +s[i-1]
elif (s[i].isupper()):
m=m+s[i].lower()
else:
m=m+’#’
print(m)

Ans.:

Steps:

Co m p ut e r Sc ie nc e 23
if: a-n M E CIE CE
elif: n-z C mpu e e
elif-upper c s
else ##
cCMmpuEesCIEeCE##

7. a) Given is a Python List declaration:

lst1=[39,45,23,15,25,60]

What will be the output of print(Ist1.index(15)+2)?

b) Write the output ot the code given below:

x=["rahul",5, "B",20,30]
x.insert(1,3)
x.insert(3, "akon")
print(x[2])

Ans.:

Steps:

a)

39 45 23 15 25 60
Index 0 1 2 3 4 5
Index(15) 3+2=5

b)

‘rahul’ 5 ‘B’ 20 30
index 0 123 4 5 6
insert 1 3
insert 2 akon
x[2] 5
a) 5
b) 5

8. Predict the output of the python code given below:

st= "python programming"

count=4
while True:
if st=="p":
st=st[2:]
elif st[-2]=="n":
st =st[:4]
else:
count+=1
break
print(st)
print(count)

Ans.:

p ython programmin g
if False
elif p yth True
else 4+1=5
pyth
5
9. Predict the output:

myvalue=["A", 40, "B", 60, "C", 20]

alpha =0
beta = ""
gama = 0
for i in range(1,6,2):
alpha +=i
beta +=myvalue[i-1]+ "#"
gama +=myvalue[i]
print(alpha, beta, gama)

Ans.: Steps are same as question 2.

9 A#B#C# 120

10. Rewrite the following code in python after removing all syntax error(s). Underline each
correction done in the code.

Num=int(rawinput("Number:"))
sum=0
for i in range(10,Num,3)
sum+=1
if i%2=0:
print(i*2)
else:
print(i*3)
print (Sum)

Ans.:

Num=int(input("Number:")) #rawinput changed to input

sum=0
for i in range(10,Num,3):#Colon is missing to the end
sum+=1
if i%2==0:#equal sign is missing
print(i*2)
else:
print(i*3)
print(Sum) # Inentation and S of sum should be small

Working with Python Functions 2 marks Questions

[1] Predict the output of the following python code:

data = [2,4,2,1,2,1,3,3,4,4]
d = {}
for x in data:
if x in d:
d[x]=d[x]+1
else:
 d[x]=1
print(d)

Ans.:

data = [2,4,2,1,2,1,3,3,4,4]

x=2

if 2 in {}:
d[2]=1

if 4 in {2:1}:
d[4]=1

if 2 in {2:1,4:1}:
d[2]=d[2]+1=1+1=2

if 1 in {2:2,4:1}:
d[1]=1

if 2 in {2:2,4:1,1:1}:
d[2]=d[2]+1=2+1=3

if 1 in {2:3,4:1,1:1}:
d[1]=d[1]+1=1+1=2

if 3 in {2:3,4:1,1:2}:
d[3]=1

if 3 in {2:3,4:1,1:2,3:1}:
d[3]=d[3]+1=1+1=2

if 4 in {2:3,4:1,1:2,3:2}:
d[4]=d[4]+1=1+1=2

if 4 in {2:3,4:2,1:2,3:2}:
d[4]=d[4]+1=2+1=3

Ans.:{2:3,4:3,1:2,3:2}

[2] Vivek has written a code to input a number and check whether it is even or odd
number. His code is having errors. Rewrite the correct code and underline the corrections
made.

Def checkNumber(N):
status = N%2
return
#main-code
num=int( input(“ Enter a number to check :"))
k=checkNumber(num)
if k = 0:
print(“This is EVEN number”)
else
print(“This is ODD number”)
Ans.:

def checkNumber(N):
status = N%2
return status
#main-code
num=int( input(“ Enter a number to check :"))
k=checkNumber(num)
if k == 0:
print(“This is EVEN number”)
else:
print(“This is ODD number”)

[3] Sameer has written a python function to compute the reverse of a number. He has
however committed a few errors in his code. Rewrite the code after removing errors also
underline the corrections made.

define reverse(num):
rev = 0
While num > 0:
rem == num %10
rev = rev*10 + rem
num = num/10
return rev
print(reverse(1234))

Ans.:

def reverse(num):
rev = 0
while num > 0:
rem = num %10
rev = rev*10 + rem
num = num//10
return rev
print(reverse(1234))

[4] Predict the output for following code:

def printMe(q,r=2):
p=r+q**3
print(p)
#main-code
a=10
b=5
printMe(a,b)
printMe(r=4,q=2)

Ans.:

a=10
b=5
printMe(10,5)
q=10
r=5
p=r+q**3
=5+10**3
=5+1000
=1005
printMe(4,2)

q=2
r=4
p=r+q**3
=4+2**3
=4+8
=12
Output:
1005
12

[5] Predict the output of the following python code:

def foo(s1,s2):
l1=[]
l2=[]
for x in s1:
l1.append(x)
for x in s2:
l2.append(x)
return l1,l2

a,b=foo("FUN",'DAY')
print(a,b)

Ans:

a,b=foo("FUN","DAY")

foo('FUN','DAY')
l1=[]
l2=[]
for x in 'FUN':
l1.append(x)
So l1=['F','U','N']
for x im 'DAY':
l2.append(x)
So l2=['D','A','Y']

The output is:

['F','U','N']['D','A','Y']

[6] Preety has written a code to add two numbers . Her code is having errors. Rewrite the
correct code and underline the corrections made.

def sum(arg1,arg2):
 total=arg1+arg2;
print(”Total:”,total)
return total;

sum(10,20)
print(”Total:”,total)

Ans.:

def sum(arg1,arg2):
total=arg1+arg2 #Semicolon not required
print(”Total:”,total)
return total #Any one statement is enough either return or print

total=sum(10,20)#total variable needs to be call a function

print(”Total:”,total)

[7] What do you understand the default argument in function? Which function parameter
must be given default argument if it is used? Give example of function header to illustrate
default argument.

Ans.:

The value provided in the formal arguments in the definition header of a

function is called as default argument in function.
They should always be from right side argument to the left in sequence.
For example:
def func( a, b=2, c=5):
# definition of function func( )
here b and c are default arguments

[8] Ravi a python programmer is working on a project, for some requirement, he has to
define a function with name CalculateInterest(), he defined it as:

def CalculateInterest (Principal, Rate=.06,Time):

# code

But this code is not working, Can you help Ravi to identify the error in the above function
and what is the solution?

In the function CalculateInterest (Principal, Rate=.06,Time) parameters

should be default parameters from right to left hence either Time should be
provided with some default value or default value of Rate should be removed

[9] Rewrite the following code in python after removing all the syntax errors. Underline
each correction done in the code.

Function F1():
num1,num2 = 10
While num1 % num2 = 0
num1+=20
num2+=30
 Else:
print('hello')

Ans.:

def F1():
num1,num2 = 10, value is missing
while num1 % num2 == 0:
num1+=20
num2+=30
else:
print('hello')

[10] Predict the output of the following code fragment:

def Change(P ,Q=30):

P=P+Q
Q=P-Q
print(P,"#",Q)
return(P)
R=150
S=100
R=Change(R,S)
print(R,"#",S)
S=Change(S)

Ans.:

R=150
S=100
R=change(150,100)
p=p+q
=150+100
=250
q=p-q
=250-100
=150

r=250
s=150

Print 1 - 250#150
Print 2 - 250#100

R=100
S=30
R=change(100,30)
p=p+q
=100+30
=130
q=p-q
=130-30
=150

Print 3 - 130#100
Answer:
250#150
250#100
130#100

130#100

List and Functions 3 Marks important questions Computer Science Class 12

1] Write a function ThreeLetters(L), where L is the list of elements (list of words) passed as
an argument to the function. The function returns another list named ‘l3’ that stores all
three letter words along with its index.

For example:

If L contains [“RAJ”, “ANKIT”, “YUG”, “SHAAN”, “HET”]

The list l3 will have [“RAJ”,0,”YUG”,2,”HET”,4]

Support your answer with a function call statement.

Ans.:

def ThreeLetters(L):
l3=[]
for i in range(len(L)):
if len(L[i])==3:
l3.append(L[i])
l3.append(i)
return l3

l=["RAJ", "ANKIT", "YUG", "SHAAN", "HET"]

print(ThreeLetters(l))

[2] Write a function modifySal(lst) that accepts a list of numbers as an argument and
increases the value of the elements (basic) by 3% if the elements are divisible by 10. The
new basic must be integer values.

For example:

If list L contains [25000,15130,10135,12146,15030]

Then the modifySal(lst) should make the list L as [25750,15584,10135,12146,15030]

Write a proper call statement for the function.

Ans.:
def modifySal(lst):
for i in range(len(lst)):
if lst[i]%10==0:
lst[i]=int(lst[i]+(lst[i]*0.03))
return lst

basic_li=[25000,15130,10135,12146,15030]
print(modifySal(basic_li))

[3] Write a function not1digit(li), where li is the list of elements passed as an argument to
the function. The function returns another list that stores the indices of all numbers except
1-digit elements of li.

For example:

If L contains [22,3,2,19,1,69]

The new list will have – [0,3,5]

Ans.:

def not1digit(li):
l=[]
for i in range(len(li)):
if li[i]>9:
l.append(li[i])
return l

li=[22,3,2,19,1,69]
print(not1digit(li))

[4] Write a function shiftLeft(li, n) in Python, which accepts a list li of numbers, and n is a
numeric value by which all elements of the list are shifted to the left.

Sample input data of the list

Numlist= [23, 28, 31, 85, 69, 60, 71], n=3

Output Numlist-[85, 69, 60, 71, 23, 28, 31]

def LeftShift(li,n):
li[:]=li[n:]+li[:n]
return li
aList=[23, 28, 31, 85, 69, 60, 71]
n=int(input("Enter value to shift left:"))
print(LeftShift(aList,n))

[5] Write a function cube_list(lst), where lst is the list of elements passed as an argument to
the function. The function returns another list named ‘cube_List’ that stores the cubes of
all Non-Zero Elements of lst.
For example:

If L contains [2,3,0,5,0,4,0]

The SList will have – [8,27,125,64]

def cube_list(lst):
cube_list=[]
for i in range(len(lst)):
if lst[i]!=0:
cube_list.append(lst[i]**3)
return cube_list

l=[2,3,0,5,0,4,0]
print(cube_list(l))

[6] Write a function in Python OddEvenTrans(li) to replace elements having even values
with their 25% and elements having odd values with thrice (three times more) of their
value in a list.

For example:

if the list contains [10,8,13,11,4] then

The rearranged list is as [2.5,2,39,33,1]

Ans.:

def OddEvenTrans(li):
for i in range(len(li)):
if l[i]%2==0:
l[i]=l[i]*0.25
else:
l[i]=l[i]*3
return li
l=[10,8,13,11,4]
print(OddEvenTrans(l))

[7] Write a function listReverse(L), where L is a list of integers. The function should
reverse the contents of the list without slicing the list and without using any second list.

Example:

If the list initially contains [79,56,23,28,98,99]

then after reversal the list should contain [99,98,28,23,56,79]

Ans.:

def reverseList(li):
 rev_li=[]
for i in range(-1,-len(li)-1,-1):
rev_li.append(li[i])
return rev_li
l=[79,56,23,28,98,99]
print(reverseList(l))

[8] Write a function in python named Swap50_50(lst), which accepts a list of numbers and
swaps the elements of 1st Half of the list with the 2nd Half of the list, ONLY if the sum of
1st Half is greater than 2nd Half of the list.

Sample Input Data of the list:

l= [8, 9, 7,1,2,3]

Output = [1,2,3,8,9,7]

ddef Swap50_50(lst):
s1=s2=0
L=len(lst)
for i in range(0,L//2):
s1+=lst[i]
for i in range(L//2, L):
s2+=lst[i]
if s1>s2:
for i in range(0,L//2):
lst[i],lst[i+L//2]=lst[i+L//2],lst[i]
l=[8,9,7,1,2,3]
print("List before Swap:",l)
Swap50_50(l)
print("List after swap:",l)

[9] Write a function vowel_Index(S), where S is a string. The function returns a list named
‘il’ that stores the indices of all vowels of S.

For example: If S is “TutorialAICISP”, then index List should be [1,4,6]

def vowel_Index(S):
il=[]
for i in range(len(S)):
if S[i] in 'aeiouAEIOU':
il.append(i)
return il
s='TutorialAICSIP'
print(vowel_Index(s))

[10] Write a function NEW_LIST(L), where L is the list of numbers integers and float together.
Now separate integer numbers into another list int_li.
For example:
If L contains [123,34.8, 54.5,0,8.75,19,86.12,56,78,6.6]
The NewList will have [123,0,19,56,78]
def NEW_LIST(L):
int_li=[]
for i in range(len(L)):
if type(L[i])==int:
int_li.append(L[i])
return int_li
l=[123,34.8, 54.5,0,8.75,19,86.12,56,78,6.6]
print(NEW_LIST(l))

File handling MCQs/1M questions

Data file handling in python class 12 Objective type questions:

Fill in the blanks

1. A collection of bytes stored in computer’s secondary memory is known as _______.

2. ___________ is a process of storing data into files and allows to performs various tasks such as
read, write, append, search and modify in files.
3. The transfer of data from program to memory (RAM) to permanent storage device (hard disk)
and vice versa are known as __________.
4. A _______ is a file that stores data in a specific format on secondary storage devices.
5. In ___________ files each line terminates with EOL or ‘\n’ or carriage return, or ‘\r\n’.
6. To open file data.txt for reading, open function will be written as f = _______.
7. To open file data.txt for writing, open function will be written as f = ________.
8. In f=open(“data.txt”,”w”), f refers to ________.
9. To close file in a program _______ function is used.
10. A __________ function reads first 15 characters of file.
11. A _________ function reads most n bytes and returns the read bytes in the form of a string.
12. A _________ function reads all lines from the file.
13. A _______ function requires a string (File_Path) as parameter to write in the file.
14. A _____ function requires a sequence of lines, lists, tuples etc. to write data into file.
15. To add data into an existing file ________ mode is used.
16. A _________ function is used to write contents of buffer onto storage.
17. A text file stores data in _________ or _________ form.
18. A ___________ is plain text file which contains list of data in tabular form.
19. You can create a file using _________ function in python.
20. A __________ symbol is used to perform reading as well as writing on files in python.

Find answer below for data file handling in python class 12.

Answers:

1. File
2. File Handling
3. I/O Operations
4. Data file
 5. Text File
6. open(“data.txt”,”r”)
7. open(“data.txt”,”w”)
8. File handle or File Object
9. close
10. read(15)
11. readline()
12. readlines()
13. write()
14. writelines()
15. append
16. flush()
17. ASCII, UNICODE
18. CSV
19. open()
20. +

Important QnA Text files CS Class 12

Data file handling in python class 12 – MCQs

1 Every file has its own identity associated with it. Which is known as –

a. icon

b. extension

c. format

d. file type

2 Which of the following is not a known file type?

a. .pdf

b. jpg

c. mp3

d. txp

3. In f=open(“data.txt”, “r”), r refers to __________.

a. File handle
b. File object

c. File Mode

d Buffer

4. EOL stands for

a. End Of Line

b. End Of List

c. End of Lines

d. End Of Location

5. Which of the following file types allows to store large data files in the computer memory?

a. Text Files

b. Binary Files

c. CSV Files

6. Which of the following file types can be opened with notepad as well as ms excel?

a. Text Files

b. Binary Files

c. CSV Files

d. None of these

7. Which of the following is nor a proper file access mode?

a. close

b. read

c. write

d. append

8. To read 4th line from text file, which of the following statement is true?
a. dt = f.readlines();print(dt[3])

b. dt=f.read(4) ;print(dt[3])

c. dt=f.readline(4);print(dt[3])

d. All of these

9 Which of the following function flushes the files implicitly?

a. flush()

b. close()

c. open()

d. fflush()

10. Which of the following functions flushes the data before closing the file?

a. flush()

b. close()

c. open()

d. fflush()

data file handling in python class 12 – Short answer questions/ Conceptual

Questions

Please refer notes section for the answers on Data file handling in python class 12.

1. What do you mean by file? What do you mean by file handling?

o The file refers to the collection of bytes stored in computer storage.
o Data can be stored in various forms in a file.
o These files saved in a specific format with a specific extension.
o Every file needs to have a specific program to read them.
o Fille handling refers to the process of handling data using software for IO operations.
2. Explain open() function with its syntax in detail.
o The open function has the following syntax:
o Open a text file: Syntax:<file object> = open(file_name,access_mode)
 file object : It is just like a variable or object
 open(): It is a function with two parameters.
 file_name: It accepts a file name with .txt extension.
  access_mode: It specifies the mode to access the file. The default mode is
reading mode.
 These modes are
 r: to read a file
 w: to write
 a: append contents
3. Does python create itself if the file doesn’t exist in the memory? Illustrate your answer with
an example.
o Python will create a file automatically when the open function is used with write mode.
o Example:
 f=open(“data.txt”,”w”)
 f.write(“Hello\nHow are you?”)
 f.close()
4. Write a statement to create a data.txt file with the following text.
1. Python file handling is very interesting and useful.
2. This is a text file created through python.
 f=open(“data.txt”,”w”)
 f.write(“Python file handling is very interesting and useful.”)
 f.write(“This is a text file created through python.”)
 f.close()
5. List out the basic file modes available in python.
o r – to read from the file
o w – to write into the file
o a – append data into the file already exists
o r+/w+ – to perform read and write together
o rb/wb/ab – read, write and append data into binary files
6. Compare text files, binary files and csv files and write pros and cons of each of them.

Text Files Binary Files CSV Files

It is capable to handle textual It is very common format and

1 It is capable to handle large file.
data. platform independent.

It consists of series of lines of

It consists of data with a specific It consists of plain text with a list
2 a set of letters, numbers or
pattern without any delimiter. of data with a delimiter.
symbols (String)

No specific programs can be used to It can be read using text editors

Any text editors like notepad
3 read them, python provides like notepads and spreadsheet
can be used to read them.
functions to read data. software.

It terminates a line automatically

4 Every line ends with EOL. There is no specific EOL character. when the delimiter is not used
after data.
data file handling in python class 12 – Application-Based questions

The following section contains few case study based questions for Data file handling in python
class 12.

1. Write a python program to create and read the city.txt file in one go and print the contents on
the output screen.

Answer:

# Creating file with open() function

f=open("city.txt","w")
f.write("My city is very clean city.")
f.close()
# Reading contents from city.txt file
f=open("city.txt","r")
dt = f.read()
print(dt)
f.close()

2. Consider following lines for the file friends.txt and predict the output:

Friends are crazy, Friends are naughty !

Friends are honest, Friends are best !
Friends are like keygen, friends are like license key !
We are nothing without friends, Life is not possible without friends !
f = open("friends.txt")
l = f.readline()
l2 = f.readline(18)
ch3=f.read(10)
print(l2)
print(ch3)
print(f.readline())
f.close()

Output:

Friends are honest

, Friends
are best !

Explanation:

In line no. 2, f.readline() function reads first line and stores the output string in l but not printed
in the code, then it moves the pointer to next line in the file. In next statement we have
f.readline(18) which reads next 18 characters and place the cursor at the next position i.e. comma
(,) , in next statement f.read(10) reads next 10 characters and stores in ch3 variable and then
cursor moves to the next position and at last f.readline() function print() the entire line.
3. Write a function count_lines() to count and display the total number of lines from the
file. Consider above file – friends.txt.

def count_lines():
f = open("friends.txt")
cnt =0
for lines in f:
cnt+=1
print("no. of lines:",cnt)
f.close()

4. Write a function display_oddLines() to display odd number lines from the text file.
Consider above file – friends.txt.

def display_oddLines():
f = open("friends.txt")
cnt =0
for lines in f:
cnt+=1
if cnt%2!=0:
print(lines)
f.close()

5. Write a function cust_data() to ask user to enter their names and age to store data in
customer.txt file.

def cust_data():
name = input("Enter customer name:")
age=int(input("Enter customer age:"))
data = str([name,age])
f = open("customer.txt","w")
f.write(data)
f.close()

Important QnA binary files CS Class 12

Fill in the blanks

[1] The _________ files are used to store large data such as images, video files, audio files etc.

–> Binary

[2] The process of converting the structure to a byte stream before writing to the file is known as
_________.

–> Pickling

[3] The process of converting byte stream back to the original structure is known as _______.

–> Unpickling
[4]A ______ module is used to store data into an python objects with their structure.

–> pickle

[5]A _______ function of pickle module is used to write data into binary as well as a
____________ function of pickle module is used to read data from binary file.

–> dump(), load()

[6]The _____ file mode is used to handle binary file for reading.

–> rb

[7] The _____ file mode is used when user want to write data into binary file.

–> wb

[8] A ab file mode is used to _______ in binary file format.

–> appending

The next section of Important QnA binary files CS Class 12 will provides MCQ type questions.

MCQs

[1] Which of the following is not a correct statement for binary files?

a) Easy for carrying data into buffer

b) Much faster than other file systems

c) Characters translation is not required

d) Every line ends with new line character ‘\n’

[2] Which of the following file mode open a file for reading and writing both in the binary file?

a) r

b) rb

c) rb+

d) rwb
[3] Which of the following file mode opens a file for reading and writing both as well as
overwrite the existing file if the file exists otherwise creates a new file?

a) w

b) wb+

c) wb

d) rwb

[4] Which of the following file mode opens a file for append or read a binary file and moves the
files pointer at the end of the file if the file already exist otherwise create a new file?

a) a

b) ab

c) ab+

d) a+

[5] Ms. Suman is working on a binary file and wants to write data from a list to a binary file.
Consider list object as l1, binary file suman_list.dat, and file object as f. Which of the following
can be the correct statement for her?

a) f = open(‘sum_list’,’wb’); pickle.dump(l1,f)

b) f = open(‘sum_list’,’rb’); l1=pickle.dump(f)

c) f = open(‘sum_list’,’wb’); pickle.load(l1,f)

d) f = open(‘sum_list’,’rb’); l1=pickle.load(f)

[6] Which option will be correct for reading file for suman from q-5?

–> Option ) f = open(‘sum_list’,’rb’); l1=pickle.load(f)

[7] In which of the file mode existing data will be intact in binary file?

a) ab

b) a

c) w
d) wb

[8]Which one of the following is correct statement?

a) import – pickle

b) pickle import

c) import pickle

d) All of the above

Short Answer Questions – binary files in python class-12

1] Write steps to append data into binary files.

[2] Mention steps to search a record from binary files.

[3] Elaborate steps to update records in binary file.

[4] Write steps to delete records from binary file.

[5] Compare how binary files are better than text files?

[6] Explain various file modes can be used with binary file operations.

[7] What is pickle module? How to import pickle module in python program?

[8] How to use dump() and load() functions?

Case study Based questions

[1] Ms. Sejal is working on the sports.dat file but she is confused about how to read data from
the binary file. Suggest a suitable line for her to fulfill her wish.

import pickle
def sports_read():
f1 = open("sports.dat","rb")
_________________
print(data)
f1.close()
sports_read()

–> data = f1.load(f)

[3] Improve above code and write the correct code to display all records from the file.
f1 = open("sports.dat","rb")
try:
while True:
dt = pickle.load(f1)
print(dt)
except Exception:
f1.close()

[2] Develop python code to insert records in g_meet.dat binary file until user press ‘n’. The
information is Google meeting id, google meeting time, and class.

f1 = open("g_meet.dat","ab")
while True:
gmeet_id=input("Enter id:")
gmeet_time=input("Enter time:")
gmeet_class =int(input("Enter google meet class:"))
rec={"Google Meeting id":gmeet_id,"Gogole Meet
Time":gmeet_time,"Google Meet Class":gmeet_class}
pickle.dump(rec,f1)
ch = input("Want more records:")
ch=ch.lower()
if ch=='n':
break
f1.close()

[3] Write a function to update record from g_meet.dat file.

[4] Create a function to delete a record from g_meet.dat file.

CSV in Python class 12 Important Questions and Answers

Objective type questions

Fill in the blanks

[1] A _________ is a file format which stores records separated by comma.

.CSV

[2] One row of CSV file can be considered as _______ in terms of database.

record

[3] The CSV files can be operated by __________ and ____________ software.

Text Editor, Spreadsheet or Notepad, MS Excel

[4] The writerow() function is a part of _________ module.

CSV

[5] A _____ function allows to write a single record into each row in CSV file.

writerow()

[6] The _________ parameter of csv.reader() function is used to set a specific delimiter like a
single quote or double quote or space or any other character.

dialect

[7] A ________ is a parameter of csv.reader() function that accpets the keyword arguments.

**fmtparams

[8] When you read csv file using csv.reader() function it returns the values in _______ object.

nested list

[9] A ________ parameter is used to quote all fields of csv files.

quoting

[10] You can specify a quote character using _______ through writer function.

quotechar

[11] The ____________ parameter instructs writer objects to only quote those fields which
contain special characters such as delimiter, quotechar or any of the characters in lineterminator.

csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL

[12] To avoid quote fields in csv.writer() function, use _________ parameter.

csv.QUOTE_NONE

[13] If you want to change a default delimiter of csv file, you can specify ________ parameter.

delimiter

[14] CSV module allows to write multiple rows using ____________ function.

writerrows()

[15] ___________ instances or objects return by the writer function.

writer()

True/False – CSV in Python class 12

[1] Each row read from the csv file is returned as a list of strings.

True

[2] You can import csv module functions in following manner:

from csv import writerow, reader

True

[3] The csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC is used to quotes all kind of data.

False

[4] When csv.QUOTE_NONE is used with writer objects you have to specify the escapechar
option parameter to writerow() function.

True

[5] You cannot change the by default comma as a value separater.

False

[6] The quotechar function must be given any type of character to separate values.

True

[7] The default line terminator is \n in csv file.

True

[8] The write row function creates header row in csv file by default.

False

[9] You cannot insert multiple rows in csv file using python csv module.

False

[10] In csv file, user can insert text values and date values with single quote like MySQL.

True
MCQs/One word Answer Questions – CSV in Python class 12

1. Expand: CSV
o Comma Separated Value
2. Which of the following module is required to import to work with CSV file?
a. File
b. CSV
c. pandas
d. numpy
3. Which of the following is not a function of csv module?
0. readline()
1. writerow()
2. reader()
3. writer()
4. The writer() function has how many mandatory parameters?
0. 1
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
5. Name the function which used to write a row at a time into CSV file.
o writerow()
6. Which of the following parameter needs to be added with open function to avoid blank row
followed file each row in CSV file?
0. qoutechar
1. quoting
2. newline
3. skiprow
7. Anshuman wants to separate the values by a $ sign. Suggest to him a pair of function and
parameter to use it.
0. open,quotechar
1. writer,quotechar
2. open,delimiter
3. writer, delimiter
8. Which of the following is tasks cannot be done or difficult with CSV module?
0. Data in tabular form
1. Uniqueness of data
2. Saving data permanently
3. All of these
9. Which of the following is by default quoting parameter value?
0. csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL
1. csv.QUOTE_ALL
2. csv.QUOTE_NONNUMERIC
3. csv.QUOTE_NONE
10. Which of the following is must be needed when csv.QUOTE_NONE parameter is used?
0. escapechar
1. quotechar
2. quoting
3. None of these
Descriptive Questions CSV in python class 12

[1] Write the functions required to handle CSV files.

To handle CSV files following function required:

1. Open()
2. reader()
3. writer()
4. writerow()
5. close()

[2] Write to ways to import a csv module.

1. import csv
2. from csv import *

[3] Explain following functions with example.

1. reader()
2. writer()
3. writerow()

Case study based questions – CSV in Python class 12

[4] Write python code to create a header row for CSV file “students.csv”. The column names are
: Adm.No, StudentName, City, Remarks

Creating a header row is one of the most important aspects of CSV in python class 12. Use the
following code to do so.

from csv import writer

f = open("students.csv","w")
dt = writer(f)
dt.writerow(['Admno','StudentName','City','Remarks'])
f.close()

[5] Observe the following code and fill in the given blanks:

import csv
with _________ as f:
#1
r = csv.______(f)
#2
for row in ______:
#3
print(_____) #4
 1. open(“data.csv”)
2. reader
3. r
4. row

[6 Write steps to print data from csv file in list object and support your answer with example.

1. Import csv module – import csv

2. Open the csv file in reading mode – f = open(“demo.csv”,”r”)
3. Use list object to store the data read from csv using reader – data = csv.reader(f)
4. close the csv file – f.close()
5. print the data object – print(data)

[6] How to print following data for cust.csv in tabular form usig python code?

SNo Customer Name City Amount

1 Dhaval Anand 1500

2 Anuj Ahmedabad 2400

3 Mohan Vadodara 1000

4 Sohan Surat 700

from csv import reader

f = open("cust.csv","r")
dt = reader(f)
data = list(dt)
f.close()
for i in data:
for j in i:
print('\t|',j,end=" ")
print()

[7] Write code to insert multiple rows in the above csv file.

from csv import writer

with open("cust.csv","a",newline="\n")
as f:
dt = writer(f)
while True:
sno= int(input("Enter Serial No:"))
cust_name = input("Enter customer name:")
city = input("Enter city:")
amt = int(input("Enter amount:"))
dt.writerow([sno, cust_name, city, amt])
print("Record has been added.")
print("Want to add more record?Type YES!!!")
ch = input()
 ch = ch.upper()
if ch=="YES":
print("*************************")
else:
break

[8] Write code to delete a row from csv file.

import csv
record = list()
custname= input("Please enter a customer name to delete:")
with open('cust.csv', 'r') as f:
data = csv.reader(f)
for row in data:
record.append(row)
for field in row:
if field == custname:
record.remove(row)
with open('cust.csv', 'w') as f:
writer = csv.writer(f)
writer.writerows(record)

File handling 2/3 marks questions

[1] A pre-existing text file info.txt has some text written in it. Write a python function
countvowel() that reads the contents of the file and counts the occurrence of vowels(A,E,I,O,U)
in the file.

Ans.:

def countVowel():
c=0
f=open('info.txt')
dt=f.read()
for ch in data:
if ch.lower() in 'aeiou':
c=c+1
print('Total number of vowels are : ', c)

[2] A pre-existing text file data.txt has some words written in it. Write a python function
displaywords() that will print all the words that are having length greater than 3.

Example:

For the fie content:

A man always wants to strive higher in his life

He wants to be perfect.
The output after executing displayword() will be:

Always wants strive higher life wants perfect

Ans.:

def displaywords():
f= open('data.txt','r')
s= f.read()
lst = s.split()
for x in lst:
if len(x)>3:
print(x, end=" ")
f.close()

[3] Write a function countINDIA() which read a text file ‘myfile.txt’ and print the frequency of
word ‘India’ in each line. (Ignore its case)

Example:

If file content is as follows:

INDIA is my country.

I live in India, India is best.

India has many states.

The function should return :

Frequency of India in Line 1 is: 1

Frequency of India in Line 2 is: 2

Frequency of India in Line 3 is: 1

Ans.:

def displaywords():
f = open('data.txt','r')
s = f.read()
lst = s.split()
for x in lst:
if len(x)>3:
print(x, end=" ")
f.close()

[4] Write a function COUNT_AND( ) in Python to read the text file “STORY.TXT” and count
the number of times “AND” occurs in the file. (include AND/and/And in the counting)
Ans.:

def COUNT_AND( ):
c=0
f=open(‘STORY.TXT','r')
dt = f.read()
w = dt.split()
for i in w:
if i.lower()=='and':
c=c+1
print("Word found ", c , " times")
f.close()

[5] Write a function DISPLAYWORDS( ) in python to display the count of words starting with
“t” or “T” in a text file ‘STORY.TXT’.

def DISPLAYWORDS( ):
c=0
f=open('STORY.TXT','r')
l = f.read()
w = l.split()
for i in w:
if i[0]=="T" or i[0]=="t":
c=c+1
f.close()
print("Words starting with t are:",c)

Data File Handling 4 Marks Questions

[1] Priya of class 12 is writing a program to create a CSV file “clients.csv”. She has written
the following code to read the content of file clients.csv and display the clients’ record
whose name begins with “A‟ and also count as well as show no. of clients with the first
letter “A‟ out of total records. As a programmer, help her to successfully execute the given
task.
Consider the following CSV file (clients.csv):

1 Aditya 2021
2 Arjun 2018
3 Aryan 2016
4 Sagar 2022

Code:

import _____ # Line-1

def client_names():
with open(______) as csvfile: # Line-2
myreader = csv.___ (csvfile, delimiter=",") # Line-3
count_rec=0
 count_s=0
for row in myreader:
if row[1][0].lower() == "s":
print(row[0],",",row[1],",",row[2])
count_s += 1
count_rec += 1
print(count_rec, count_s)

Read the questions given below and fill in the gaps accordingly: 1 + 1 + 2

1. State the module name required to be written in Line-1.

2. Mention the name of the mode in which she should open a file.
3. Fill in the gaps for given statements – Line-2 and Line-3.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.:
1. csv
2. r mode
3. Line 2 – “client.csv”,”r”
Line 3 – reader

[2] Arpan is a Python programmer. He has written code and created a binary file
school.dat with rollno, name, class, and marks. The file contains few records. He now has to
search records based on rollno in the file school.dat. As a Python expert, help him to
complete the following code based on
the requirement given above:

Code:

import _______ #Statement 1

def find_records():
r=int(input('Enter roll no of student to be searched'))
f=open(______________________) # staement2
found=False
try:
while True:
data=_______________ # statement 3
for rec in data:
if r==_______: # staement4
found=True
print('Name: ',rec[1])
print('Class : ',rec[2])
print('Marks :',rec[3])
break
except Exception:
f.close()
if found==True:
print('Search successful')
else:
print('Record not exist')
Help Arpan to answer the following questions to fill in the given gaps: 1 + 1 + 2

1. Which module should be imported into the program? (Statement1)

2. Write the correct statement required to open a file school.dat in the required mode
(Statement 2)
3. Which statement should Arpan fill in Statement 3 for reading data from the binary file
school.dat? Also, Write the correct comparison to check the existence of the record
(Statement 4).

”Show_Answer”

Ans.:
1. pickle
2. school.dat,”rb”
3. pickle.load(f)
rec[0]

[3] Arjun is a programmer, who has recently been given a task to write a python code to
perform the following binary file operations with the help of two user-defined
functions/modules:

1. GetPatients() to create a binary file called PATIENT.DAT containing student information

– case number, name, and charges of each patient.
2. FindPatients() to display the name and charges of those patients who have charges greater
than 8000. In case there is no patient having charges > 8000 the function displays an
appropriate message. The function should also display the average charges also.

Ans.:

import pickle
def GetPatient():
f=open("patient.dat","wb")
while True:
case_no = int(input("Case No.:"))
pname = input("Name : ")
charges = float(input("Charges :"))
l = [case_no, pname, charges]
pickle.dump(l,f)
Choice = input("enter more (y/n): ")
if Choice in "nN":
break
f.close()
def FindPatient():
total=0
cr=0
more_8k=0

with open("patient.dat","rb") as F:
while True:
try:
 R=pickle.load(F)
cr+=1
total+=R[2]
if R[2] > 8000:
print(R[1], " has charges =",R[2])
more_8k+=1
except:
break
try:
print("average percent of class = ",total/more_8k)
except ZeroDivisionError:
print("No patient found with amount more than 8000")

GetPatient()
FindPatient()

[4] Mitul is a Python programmer. He has written a code and created a binary file
emprecords.dat with employeeid, name, and salary. The file contains 5 records.

1. He now has to update a record based on the employee id entered by the user and update
the salary. The updated record is then to be written in the file temp.dat.
2. The records which are not to be updated also have to be written to the file temp.dat.
3. If the employee id is not found, an appropriate message should to be displayed.

As a Python expert, help him to complete the following code based on the requirement given
above:

import_______ #Statement 1
def update_data():
rec={}
fin=open("emprecords.dat","rb")
fout=open("_____________") #Statement2
found=False
eid=int(input("Enter employee id to update salary::"))
while True:
try:
rec=______________#Statement 3
if rec["Employee id"]==eid:
found=True
rec["Salary"]=int(input("Enter new salary:: "))
pickle.____________ #Statement 4
else:
pickle.dump(rec,fout)
except:
break
if found==True:
print("The salary of employee id",eid,"has been updated.")
else:
print("No employee with such id is found")
fin.close()
fout.close()

Write answers for the following: (1 + 1 + 2)

 1. Which module should be imported in the program? (Statement 1)
2. Write the correct statement required to open a temporary file named temp.dat.
(Statement2)
3. Which statement should Mitul fill in Statement 3 to read the data from the binary file,
emprecords.dat, and in Statement 4 to write the updated data in the file, temp.dat?

”Show_Answer”

Ans.:
1. pickle
2, “temp.dat”,”ab”
3. “emprecords.dat”,”rb”
pickle.dump(rec,fout)

[5] Nandini has written a program to read and write using a csv file. She has written the
following code but is not able to complete code.

import ___________ #Statement 1

tr = ['BookID','Title','Publisher']
dt = [['1', 'Computer Science','NCERT'],['2','Informatics
Practices','NCERT'],['3','Artificial Intelligence','CBSE']]
f = open('books.csv','w', newline="")
csvwriter = csv.writer(f)
csvwriter.writerow(tr)
_______________ #Statement 2
f.close()
f = open('books.csv','r')
csvreader = csv.reader(f)
top_row = _______________ #Statement 3
print(top_row)
for i in _________: #Statement 4
if i[2]=='NCERT':
print(x)

Help her to complete the program by writing the missing lines by following the questions:

a) Statement 1 – Write the python statement that will allow Nandini to work with csv file.
b) Statement 2 – Write a python statement that will write the list containing the data available as
a nested list in the csv file
c) Statement 3 – Write a python statement to read the header row into the top_row object.
d) Statement 4 – Write the object that contains the data that has been read from the file.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.:
1. csv
2. csvwriter.writerows(dt)
3. next(csvreader)
4. csvreader
Data File Handling 5 Marks Questions

[1] What is the advantage of using a csv file for permanent storage? Write a Program in Python
that defines and calls the following user defined functions:

(i) insert() – To accept and add data of a apps to a CSV file ‘apps.csv’. Each record consists of a
list with field elements as app_id, name and mobile to store id, app name and number of
downloads respectively.

(ii) no_of_records() – To count the number of records present in the CSV file named ‘apps.csv’.

Ans.:

Advantages of a csv file:

 It is human readable – can be opened in Excel and Notepad applications

 It is just like text file
 It is common structure file can be opened by notepad, spreadsheet software like MS
Excel and MS word also
 Easy to process data in tabular form

(i) Code for Function insert():

import csv
def insert():
f=open('apps.csv','a',newline='')
app_id=int(input("Enter App ID:"))
app_name=input("Enter Name of App:")
model=input("Enter Model:")
company=input("Enter Company:")
downloads=int(input("Enter no. downloads in thousands:"))
l=[app_id,app_name,model,company,downloads]
wo=csv.writer(f)
wo.writerow(l)
f.close()

(ii) Code for no_of_records()

Method 1

def no_of_records():
f=open("apps.csv",'r')
ro=csv.reader(f)
l=list(ro)
print("No. of records:",len(l))
f.close()

Method 2
def no_of_records():
f=open("apps.csv",'r')
ro=csv.reader(f)
c=0
for i in ro:
c+=1
print("No. of records:",c)
f.close()

Function Calling:

insert()
no_of_records()

[2] Give any one point of difference between a binary file and a csv file. Write a Program in
Python that defines and calls the following user defined functions:

(i) add() – To accept and add data of an employee to a CSV file ‘emp.csv’. Each record consists
of a list with field elements as eid, name and salary to store employee id, employee name and
employee salary respectively.

(ii) search()- To display the records of the employee whose salary is more than 40000.

Ans.:

Binary File CSV File

The binary file contains data in 0s and 1s form CSV file contains data in tabular form
It is saved by .bin or .dat extension It is saved by .csv extension
It must be created by a python program only It can be created by notepad or spreadsheet
It is not a humanly readable file It is a humanly readable file

Code for function add():

def add():
f=open('emp.csv','a',newline='')
empid=int(input("Enter employee ID:"))
empname=input("Enter Employee Name:")
sal=float(input("Enter Salary:"))
l=[empid,empname,sal]
wo=csv.writer(f)
wo.writerow(l)
f.close()

Code for function search()

def search():
f=open("emp.csv",'r')
ro=csv.reader(f)
for i in ro:
 if float(i[2])>40000:
print(i)
f.close()

Function Calling:

add()
search()

[3] What is delimiter in CSV file? Write a program in python that defines and calls the following
user defined function:

i) Add() – To accept data and add data of employee to a CSV file ‘record.csv’. Each record
consists of a list with field elements as empid, name and mobile to store employee id, employee
name and employee salary.

ii) CountR():To count number of records present in CSV file named ‘record.csv’.

Ans.:

Delimiter refers to a character used to separate the values or lines in CSV file. By default
delimiter for CSV file values is a comma and the new line is ‘\n’. Users can change it anytime.

Code is similar as question 1, do yourself.

[4] Give any one point of difference between a text file and csv file. Write a python program
which defines and calls the following functions:

i) add() – To accept and add data of a furniture to a csv file ‘furdata.csv’. Each record consists of
a list with field elements such as fid, name and fprice to store furniture id, furniture name and
furniture price respectively.

ii) search() – To display records of sofa whose price is more than 12000.

Ans.:

Text File CSV File

It represents data into ASCII format. It represents data into ASCII form and in tabular form.

Code for add():

def add():
f=open('furdata.csv','a',newline='')
fid=int(input("Enter furniture ID:"))
fname=input("Enter furniture Name:")
price=float(input("Enter price:"))
l=[fid,fname,price]
wo=csv.writer(f)
 wo.writerow(l)
f.close()

Code for search()

def search():
f=open("furdata.csv",'r')
ro=csv.reader(f)
for i in ro:
if i[1].lower()=='sofa' and float(i[2])>12000:
print(i)
f.close()

[5] Archi of class 12 is writing a program to create a CSV file “user.csv” which contains user
name and password for some entries. He has written the following code. As a programmer, help
her to successfully execute the given task.

import ___________ #Line1

def addCsvFile(user, pwd):
f=open('user.csv','_') #Line2
w=csv.writer(f)
w.writerow([UserName,Password])
f.close( )

csv file reading code

def readCsvFile(): #to read data from CSV file
with open('user.csv','r') as f:
ro=csv.________________(newFile) #Line3
for i in ro:
print(i)
f.__________ #Line4
addCsvFile('Aditya','987@555')
addCsvFile('Archi','arc@maj')
addCsvFile('Krish','krisha@Patel')
readCsvFile()
OUTPUT___________________ #Line 5

1. What module should be imported in #Line1 for successful execution of the program?
2. In which mode file should be opened to work with user.csv file in#Line2
3. Fill in the blank in #Line3 to read data from csv file
4. Fill in the blank in #Line4 to close the file
5. Write the output he will obtain while executing Line5

Ans.:

1. csv
2. ‘a’
3. reader
4. close
5. Output:

['Aditya'.'987@555']
['Archi','arc@maj']
['Krish','Krisha@Patel']

Data Structure Stack questions

1 mark objective types questions data structure stack class 12 computer science

[1] Kunj wants to remove an element from empty stack. Which of the following term is related to
this?

a) Empty Stack

b) Overflow

c) Underflow

d) Clear Stack

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. c) Underflow

[2] ____________ is an effective and reliable way to represent, store, organize and manage data
in systematic way.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. Data Structure

[3] Which of the following is elementary representation of data in computers?

a) Information

b) Data

c) Data Structure

d) Abstract Data

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) Data
[4] ____________ represents single unit of certain type.

a) Data item

b) Data Structure

c) Raw Data

d) None of these

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. : a) Data Item

[5] Statement A: Data Type defines a set of values alog with well-defined operations starting its
input-output behavior

Statement B: Data Structure is a physical implementation that clearly defines a way of storing,
accessing, manipulating data.

a) Only Statement A is True

b) Only Statement B is True

c) Both are True

d) Both are False

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. c) Both are True

[6] Which of the following python built in type is mostly suitable to implement stack?

a) dictionary

b) set

c) tuple

d) list

”Hide_Answer”
Ans.: d) list

[7] The Data Structures can be classified into which of the following two types?

a) Stack and Queue

b) List and Dictionary

c) Simple and Compund Data Structure

d) Easy and Comoplex Data Structure

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) Page Style

[8] Identify Data Structure from the given facts:

1. I am single level data strcuture.

2. My elements are formed from a sequence.

a) Linear Data Structure

b) Non-Linear Data Structure

c) Dynamic Data Structure

d) Static Data Structure

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. : a) Linear Data Structure

[9] Which of the following is an example of non-linear data structure?

a) Stack

b) Queue

c) Linked List

d) Tree
”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: d) Tree

[10] Which of the following is/are an example(s) of python ‘s built-in linear data structure?

a) List

b) Tuple

c) Set

d) All of these

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. d) All of these

[11] _____________ is a linear data structure implemented in LIFO manner where insertion and
deletion are restricted to one end only.

a) Stack

b) Queue

c) Tree

d) Linked List

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. : a) Stack

[12] Which of the following is an example of stack?

a) Students standing in Assembly

b) People standing railway ticket window

c) Chairs arranged in a vertical pile

d) Cars standing on the road on traffic signal

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. c) Chairs arranged in a vertical pile

[13] Which of the following operation of stack is performed while inserting an element into the
stack?

a) push

b) pop

c) peep

d) Overflow

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. a) push

[14] Which of the folloiwng operation is considered as deletion of element from stack?

a) push

b) pop

c) underflow

d) overflow

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) pop

[15] Which of the following pointer is very essential in stack operations?

a) front

b) top

c) middle

d) bottom
”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) top

[16] The fixed length data structure is known as _____________

a) dynamic data stcuture

b) fixed length data structure

c) static data stucture

d) intact data structure

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. c) static data structure

[17] __________ refers to insepecting an element of stack without removing it.

a) push

b) pop

c) peek

d) underflow

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. c) peek

[18] Consider the following data:

[11,20,45,67,23]

The following operations performed on these:

push(19)

pop()

push(24)
pus(42)

pop()

push(3)

What will be the contents of the list evelntually?

a) [11,20,45,67,23]

b) [3,24,11,20,67,23]

c) [42,24,11,20,67,23]

d) [24,11,20,67,23]

[19] The LIFO structure can be also same as ______________

a) FILO

b) FIFO

c) FOFI

d) LOFI

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: a) FILO

[20] Consider the folloiwing data structure implemented a list as stack:

11

22

23

34

91

Which of the following is function is executed thrice to get this result:

34
91

a) delete()

b) pop()

c) remove()

d) clear()

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. b) pop()

Most expected 2 marks Most expected questions Stack Computer Science Class
12

[1] What is Stack? Write any one application of Stack?

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: Stack is a linear data strcuture that allows to add or remove an element from top. It follows LIFO
(Last In First Out) principle. The applications of stack are as follows:
1. Pile of clothes in almirah
2. Multiple chairs in a verticale pile
3. Bangles on girl’s wrist
4. Phone call logs
5. Web browsing history
6. Undo & Redo commands in text editors
7. Tubewell boring machine

[2] List out any two real-life examples of Stack.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.:
1. Pile of dinner plates
2. Pile of chairs
3. Tennis balls in their container
4. CD and DVD holder
5. The forward and backword button in media player
[3] Define stack. What is the significance of TOP in stack?

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: The definition of stack is given in question 1.

The TOP is the pointer in stack which allows to add and remove element from one side.

[4] Give any two characteristics of stacks.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.:
1. Stack is a linear data structure.
2. The tasks performed on stack are : push, pop, peep, and change
3. The insertion and deletion performed on stack from one end only i.e top
4. Stack is implemented in python through lists
5. It follows LIFO principle
6. When the stack is having limited elements and all elements are filled this conidtion is known as stack
overflow
7. When there is no element or elments are removed gradually and the stack becomes empty is known
as stack underflow.

[5] What do you mean by push and pop operations on stack?

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.
1. Push operation refers to inserting element in the stack.
2. Pop operation refers to deleting element from the stack.

[6] What is LIFO data structure? Give any two applications of a stack?

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.:
LIFO stands for Last In First Out. It is a principle of data structure where the way of insertion and
deletion is defined by orrucence of each element.

Refer Question 1 for applications of a stack.

[7] Name any two linear Data Structures? What do you understand by the term LIFO?

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: Linear data structure refers to a data structure in which elements are organised in a sequence.
The term LIFO is explained in the above question.

[8] Name four basic operations performed on stack.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.: Some basic operations perform on stack are:

1. push: Inserting element in stack
2. pop: Deleting element from stack
3. peep: Accessing the top element
4. change: Changing the value of top element

[9] Why stack is called LIFO data structure?

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. Stack is called LIFO structure because it allows to insert and delete an element from top where the
last element is always on top. While removing this top element is removed first.

[10] What do you mean by underflow in the context of stack?

”Hide_Answer”

Ans. Underflow refers to condition in data structure operations while deleting elements. While deleting
elements gradually elements are deleted and the list becomes empty. This situation is know as
underflow.

[11] Consider STACK=[23,45,67,89,51]. Write the STACK content after each operations:

1. STACK.pop( )
2. STACK.append(99)
3. STACK.append(87)
4. STACK.pop( )

”Hide_Answer”
Ans.
1. STACK = [23,45,67,89]
2. STACK = [23,45,67,89,99]
3. STACK = [23,45,67,89,99,87]
4. STACK = [23,45,67,89,99]

[12] Differentiate between list and stack.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.
Stack:
1. A stack is a data structure.
2. Stacks uses LIFO principle
3. In stack element only be inserted or deleted from top potision
4. Stack has dynamic size
5. It allows to use only linear search

List:
1. A list is a collection of items or data values
2. List uses index position
3. In lists elements can be inserted or deleted any indexes
4. List has fixed size
5. List allows linear and binary search

[13] Differentiate between push and pop in stacks.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.
Push:
1. Inserting an element into the stack is known as Push
2. Stack is dynamic in size but when fixed size stack are used, overflow condition will occur
3. The top pointer increases when element is pushed

Pop:
1. Deleting an element into the stack is known as Pop
2. Underflow condition will occur when stack becomes empty while removing an elements
3. The top pointer decreases when element is popped

[14] Write an algorithm for pop operation in stack.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.:
Step 1: Start
Step 2: If top=-1 go to step 3 else go to step 4
Step 3: Print “Stack is underflow” and go to step 7
Step 4: Delete item = Stack[top]
Step 5: Decrement top by 1
Step 6: Print “Item Popped”
Step 7: Stop

[15] Write an algorithm for push operation in stack.

”Hide_Answer”

Ans.
Step 1: Start
Step 2: top=-1
Step 3: Input new element
Step 4: Increment top by 1
Step 5: stack[top] = new element
Step 6: Print “Item Pushed”
Step 7: Stop

Most expected 3 marks Stack Programming questions computer science

1. Write a function push (student) and pop (student) to add a new student name and
remove a student name from a list student, considering them to act as PUSH and
POP operations of stack Data Structure in Python.

Ans.:

def push(student):
name=input("Enter student name:")
student.append(name)

def pop(student):
if student==[]:
print("Underflow")
else:
student.pop()

2. Write PUSH(Names) and POP(Names) methods in python to add Names and Remove
names considering them to act as Push and Pop operations of Stack.
def PUSH(Names):
name=input("Enter name:")
Names.append(name)

def POP(Names):
if Names==[]:
print("Underflow")
else:
Names.pop()

3. Ram has created a dictionary containing names and age as key value pairs of 5 students.
Write a program, with separate user defined functions to perform the following operations:

Push the keys (name of the student) of the dictionary into a stack, where the corresponding
value(age) is lesser than 40. Pop and display the content of the stack.

For example: If the sample content of the dictionary is as follows:

R={“OM”:35,”JAI”:40,”BOB”:53,”ALI”:66,”ANU”:19}

The output from the program should be:

ANU OM

R={"OM":35,"JAI":40,"BOB":53,"ALI":66,"ANU":19}

def Push(stk,n):
stk.append(n)

def Pop(stk):
if stk!=[]:
return stk.pop()
else:
return None
s=[]
for i in R:
if R[i]<40:
Push(s,i)

while True:
if s!=[]:
print(Pop(s),end=" ")
else:
break

4. SHEELA has a list containing 5 integers. You need to help Her create a program with
separate user defined functions to perform the following operations based on this list.

1. Traverse the content of the list and push the odd numbers into a stack.
2. Pop and display the content of the stack.

For Example:
If the sample Content of the list is as follows:

N=[79,98,22,35,38]

Sample Output of the code should be:

35,79

N=[79,98,22,35,38]

def Push(stk,on):
stk.append(on)

def Pop(stk):
if stk==[]:
return None
else:
return stk.pop()
stk=[]

for i in N:
if i%2!=0:
Push(stk,i)

while True:
if stk!=[]:
print(Pop(stk),end=" ")
else:
break

5. Write a function in Python PUSH_IN(L), where L is a list of numbers. From this list,
push all even numbers into a stack which is implemented by using another list.

N=[79,98,22,35,38]

def Push(stk,on):
stk.append(on)

def Pop(stk):
if stk==[]:
return None
else:
return stk.pop()
stk=[]

for i in N:
if i%2==0:
Push(stk,i)

while True:
if stk!=[]:
print(Pop(stk),end=" ")
else:
break
6. Write a function in Python POP_OUT(Stk), where Stk is a stack implemented by a list of
numbers. The function returns the value which is deleted/popped from the stack.

def POP_OUT(Stk):
if Stk==[]:
return None
else:
return Stk.pop()

7. Julie has created a dictionary containing names and marks as key value pairs of 6
students. Write a program, with separate user defined functions to perform the following
operations:

1. Push the keys (name of the student) of the dictionary into a stack, where the
corresponding value (marks) is greater than 75.
2. Pop and display the content of the stack.

For example:

If the sample content of the dictionary is as follows:

R={“OM”:76, “JAI”:45, “BOB”:89, “ALI”:65, “ANU”:90, “TOM”:82}

The output from the program should be: TOM ANU BOB OM

R={"OM":76, "JAI":45, "BOB":89, "ALI":65, "ANU":90, "TOM":82}

def Push(stk,n):
stk.append(n)

def Pop(stk):
if stk!=[]:
return stk.pop()
else:
return None
s=[]
for i in R:
if R[i]>75:
Push(s,i)

while True:
if s!=[]:
print(Pop(s),end=" ")
else:
break

8. Raju has created a dictionary containing employee names and their salaries as key value
pairs of 6 employees. Write a program, with separate user defined functions to perform the
following operations:

1. Push the keys (employee name) of the dictionary into a stack, where the
corresponding value (salary) is less than 85000.
 2. Pop and display the content of the stack.

For example:

If the sample content of the dictionary is as follows:

Emp={“Ajay”:76000, “Jyothi”:150000, “David”:89000, “Remya”:65000, “Karthika”:90000,

“Vijay”:82000}

The output from the program should be:

Vijay Remya Ajay

Emp={"Ajay":76000, "Jyothi":150000, "David":89000, "Remya":65000,

"Karthika":90000, "Vijay":82000}

def Push(stk,sal):
stk.append(sal)

def Pop(stk):
if stk==[]:
return None
else:
return stk.pop()

stk=[]

for i in Emp:
if Emp[i]<85000:
Push(stk,i)

while True:
if stk!=[]:
print(Pop(),end=" ")
else:
break

9. Anjali has a list containing temperatures of 10 cities. You need to help her create a program
with separate user-defined functions to perform the following operations based on this list.

1. Traverse the content of the list and push the negative temperatures into a stack.
2. Pop and display the content of the stack.

For Example:

If the sample Content of the list is as follows:

T=[-9, 3, 31, -6, 12, 19, -2, 15, -5, 38]

Sample Output of the code should be: -5 -2 -6 -9

T= [-9, 3, 31, -6, 12, 19, -2, 15, -5, 38]

def Push(s,n):
s.append(n)

def Pop(s):
if s!=[]:
return s.pop()
else:
return None

s=[]
for i in T:
if i<0:
Push(s,i)

while True:
if s!=[]:
print(Pop(s),end = " ")
else:
break

10. Ms.Suman has a list of integers. Help her to create separate user defined functions to
perform following operations on the list.

1. DoPush(elt) to insert only prime numbers onto the stack.

2. DoPop() to pop and display content of the stack.

For eg:if L=[2.5,6,11,18,24,32,37,42,47] then stack content will be 2 5 11 37 47

def DoPush(elt):
L= [2,5,6,11,18,24,32,37,42,47]
for i in L:
for j in range(2,i):
if i % j ==0:
break
else:
elt.append(i)

def DoPop(s):
if s!=[]:
return s.pop()
else:
return None

s=[]
DoPush(s)

while True:
if s!=[]:
print(DoPop(s),end=" ")
else:
break
11. Mr. Ramesh has created a dictionary containing Student IDs and Marks as key value
pairs of students. Write a program to perform the following operations Using separate user
defined functions.

1. Push the keys (IDs) of the dictionary into the stack, if the corresponding marks is
>50
2. Pop and display the content of the stack

For eg:if D={2000:58,2001:45,2002:55,2003:40} Then output will be: 2000,2002

Do Yourself…

12. Write AddNew (Book) and Remove(Book) methods in Python to add a new Book and
Remove a Book from a List of Books Considering them to act as PUSH and POP
operations of the data structure Stack?

def AddNew(Book):
name=input("Enter Name of Book:")
Book.append(name)

def Remove(Book):
if Book==[]:
print("Underflow")
else:
Book.pop()

13. Assume a dictionary names RO having Regional Offices and Number of nodal centre
schools as key-value pairs. Write a program with separate user-defined functions to
perform the following operations:

1. Push the keys (Name of Region Office) of the dictionary into a stack, where the
corresponding value (Number of Nodal Centre Schools) is more than 100.
2. Pop and display the content of the stack.

For example

If the sample content of the dictionary is as follows:

RO={“AJMER”:185, “Panchkula”:95, “Delhi”:207, “Guwahati”:87, “Bubaneshwar”:189}

The output from the program should be:

AJMER DELHI BHUBANESHWAR

Do yourself…
14. Write a function in Python PUSH (Lst), where Lst is a list of numbers. From this list
push all numbers not divisible by 7 into a stack implemented by using a list. Display the
stack if it has at least one element, otherwise display appropriate error message.

def PUSH(Lst):
stk=[]
for i in range(len(Lst)):
if Lst[i]%7==0:
stk.append(Lst[i])

if len(stk)==0:
print("Stack is underflow")
else:
print(stk)

15. Write a function in Python POP(Lst), where Lst is a stack implemented by a list of
numbers. The function returns the value deleted from the stack.

def POP(Lst):
if len(stk)==0:
return None
else:
return Lst.pop()

16. Reva has created a dictionary containing Product names and prices as key value pairs
of 4 products. Write a user defined function for the following:

PRODPUSH() which takes a list as stack and the above dictionary as the parameters. Push the
keys (Pname of the product) of the dictionary into a stack, where the corresponding price of the
products is less than 6000. Also write the statement to call the above function.

For example: If Reva has created the dictionary is as follows:

Product={“TV”:10000, “MOBILE”:4500, “PC”:12500, “FURNITURE”:5500}

The output from the program should be: [ ‘FURNITURE’, ‘MOBILE’]

Do Yourself…

17. Pankaj has to create a record of books containing BookNo, BookName and BookPrice.
Write a user- defined function to create a stack and perform the following operations:

1. Input the Book No, BookName and BookPrice from the user and Push into the
stack.
2. Display the status of stack after each insertion.

def Push():
books=[]
stk=[]
bno=int(input("Enter Book Number:"))
 bname=input("Enter Book Name:")
bprice=input("Enter Book Price:")
books=[bno,bname,bprice]
stk.append(books)
print(stk)

18. Write a function in Python PUSH(mydict),where mydict is a dictionary of

phonebook(name and mobile numbers), from this dictionary push only phone numbers
having last digit is greater than or equal to 5 to a stack implemented by using list. Write
function POP() to pop and DISPLAY() to display the contents.

if it has at least one element, otherwise display “stack empty” message.

>>> mydict={9446789123:”Ram”,8889912345:”Sam”,7789012367:”Sree”}

>>> push(mydict)

Phone number: 9446789123 last digit is less than five which can’t be pushed

Stack elements after push operation : [7789012367, 8889912345]

mydict={9446789123:"Ram",8889912345:"Sam",7789012367:"Sree"}

def Push(mydict):
stk=[]
for i in mydict:
if i%10>=5:
stk.append(i)
print(stk)

Push(mydict)

19. Write a function to push an element in a stack which adds the name of passengers on a
train, which starts with capital ‘S’. Display the list of passengers using stack.

For example: L = [‘Satish’,’Manish’,’Sagar’,’Vipul’]

Output will be: Satish Sagar

L = ['Satish','Manish','Sagar','Vipul']
def Push(L,name):
L.append(name)
stk=[]

for i in L:
if i[0]=='S':
Push(stk,i)

print(stk)
20. In a school a sports club maintains a list of its activities. When a new activity is added
details are entered in a dictionary and a list implemented as a stack. Write a push() and
pop() function that adds and removes the record of activity. Ask user to entre details like
Activity, Type of activity, no. of players required and charges for the same.

Do Yourself…