WAVE

Wave is a disturbance.
Waves are of two types-
 Mechanical- Need a medium to travel. (Solid, liquid, gas) Ex- Sound waves
 Non-Mechanical- No medium required. Can travel in vacuum. Ex- Light
Mechanical waves are of two types-
 Transverse waves- Transverse waves cause the medium to move perpendicular to the
direction of the wave. Ex- Wave in string.
 Longitudinal waves- Longitudinal waves cause the medium to move parallel to the
direction of the wave. Ex- Sound waves

Sound-
 Mechanical longitudinal wave.
 Solid>Liquid>Gas
 5300>1500>332 m/s
 Stiffness is directly proportional to speed.
 Density ( V=1/√d)
 Al>Fe>Au
 Speed is directly proportional to temperature.
 Speed is directly proportional to humidity.
 Pressure has no effect.

0 degree- 332m/s
22
Wavelength- Wavelength is the distance between identical points (adjacent crests) in the
adjacent cycles of a waveform signal propagated in space or along a wire.

Frequency- Number of oscillations per unit time. (f) or (v)

Time period- T=1/f.
Amplitude- Amplitude, in physics, the maximum displacement or distance moved by a point
on a vibrating body or wave measured from its equilibrium position. It is equal to one-half
the length of the vibration path.

Audible frequency- 20 Hz to 20000 Hz

Below 20 Hz- Infrasound 
Above 20000 Hz- Ultrasonic