Learning issues

When do you do lumbar tap in the neonates

A lumbar puncture (LP), also known as a spinal tap, may be performed in neonates to obtain cerebrospinal
fluid (CSF) for diagnostic purposes or to relieve increased intracranial pressure. Indications for a lumbar
puncture in a neonate may include suspected meningitis, sepsis, or other central nervous system (CNS)
infections, intracranial hemorrhage, or suspicion of a CNS tumor.
The decision to perform a lumbar puncture in a neonate should be made by a qualified healthcare
professional based on the infant's clinical presentation, history, and risk factors.
Infants with a fever, altered mental status, seizures, signs of meningitis, or other CNS symptoms may be
candidates for a lumbar puncture.

The procedure is usually performed with the neonate under sedation and in a sterile
environment. Careful monitoring of the infant's vital signs is essential throughout the procedure.
It is important to note that a lumbar puncture in neonates carries certain risks, including infection, bleeding,
and damage to the spinal cord. Therefore, the decision to perform a lumbar puncture should be made on a
case-by-case basis, weighing the potential risks and benefits for each individual infant.
When is the best time to give zinc in patients with pneumonia

10 mg of zinc as gluconate or supplementation at least 4 to 6 months can

prevent pneumonia in children aged 2 to 59 months. Zinc supplementation in
children increases levels of complement in the blood that modulate the
function of T-lymphocytes, T-helper, macrophages and neutrophils and hence
improves the ability to fight infection. Zinc supplementation improves
circulating levels of T-lymphocytes and other macrophages that enhance ability
to fight infection.