CertifHy - Presentation - Electricity Grid Cases

CertifHy— Developing
a European guarantee
of origin scheme for
green hydrogen
Definition of Green
Project co-finance by the FCH JU
Hydrogen
under FP7:
Frederic Barth
Hinicio
Agenda
• Definition of green hydrogen

– Input from stakeholder consultation
– Renewable share: definition and illustrations
– Application of the two GHG thresholds
– Examples
2
“GHG emissions need to be considered”:
“Low carbon" = at least 60% less emissions than BAT
benchmark
Non-
Not Low-carbon
Renewable Benchmark emissions
Renewable
& Not Low- intensity threshold
Carbon & Not Low-
(= 91 g CO2 eq/MJH2)*
H2 Carbon
H2
- 60%**
Low-carbon threshold
Renewable Non- (= 36.4 g CO2 eq/MJH2 )
carbon
& Low- Renewable &

Low-
Carbon H2 Low-Carbon
H2
Renewable Non renewable

energy energy
* Best Available Technology = Natural gas steam methane reforming >95% of hydrogen market 3
** cfr RED reduction requirement for biofuels in 2018
“Both Renewables and GHG Emission targets of
hydrogen users need to be addressed”
Not Low-carbon
Benchmark emissions
Grey H2 intensity threshold
(= 91 g CO2 eq/MJH2)*
- 60%**
CertifHy CertifHy (= 36.4 g CO2 eq/MJH2 )
carbon
Low-
Green Low Carbon

H2 H2

energy energy
The low carbon benchmark has been set at an
ambitious level
Eligible
pathways
5
A CO2 audit will tell you what's low carbon and what's
not
6
« No GOs should be allowed for biomass co-fired coal
power plants »
90 %
10 %
10 %
 Overall emissions of a production facility issuing GO’s

should not exceed benchmark
Agenda

– Examples
8
Need to define the amount of Renewable Hydrogen
produced by a process using multiple energy inputs
Not Low-carbon
Benchmark emissions
Grey H2 intensity threshold
(= 91 g CO2 eq/MJH2)*
- 60%**
CertifHy CertifHy (= 36.4 g CO2 eq/MJH2 )
carbon
Low-
Green Low Carbon

H2 H2

energy energy
Renewable hydrogen will be as green as the
energy used for its production
Biomass input Electricity input

20 GJ 10 GJ
Renewable *:
3 GJ
Hydrogen
Renewable *: 20 GJ
Non-renewable: production
7 GJ
Non-renewable
H2
Total energy input : 30 GJ 23%
Non-renewable:
7 GJ Renewable H2
23%
77%
Renewable: 23 GJ
77%
* Via GO or direct feedstock 10

Renewable hydrogen will be as green as the energy
used for its production – example Electrolysis
Electrolysis – Direct Connection Electrolysis –

with Renewable Energy Grid Connected: EU mix + RE
Input Output Input Output

100% Renewable Wind, PV, .. 100% Renewable H2 60% Renewable 60% Renewable H2
(Wind, PV, Green elec GO…)
40% EU Mix
11
Renewable hydrogen will be as green as the energy
used for its production – example Steam Methane
Reforming
Biogas from bio-waste with non-renewable Bio-methane from biowaste and Natural Gas
heat
Bio-waste to biogas
Bio-methane from bio waste Natural gas
On-Site SMR Central SMR
Input Output Input Output

81% biowaste 81% renewable H2 60% bio-methane from 60% renewable H2
bio-waste (GOs)
19% non renewable heat
40% natural gas
12
Agenda

– Examples
13
1- Benchmark threshold applied to
Past Production of the Hydrogen Plant
H2 with
Grey H2 Green GO 1 - Average GHG intensity since t2-12 months of
Non-CertifHy H2
< 91 H2 with
LC GO must not exceed 91 gCO2/MJH2
gCO2/MJH2 ?
H2 Production
12 months
Past Production
t2 – 12 months t1 t2 Time
14
2 - Low Carbon threshold applied to Production Batch
H2 with
Grey H2 Green GO 1 - Average GHG intensity since t2-12 months of
Non-CertifHy H2
H2 with
< 91 must not exceed 91 gCO2/MJH2
LC GO
gCO2/MJH2 ?
H2 Production
12 months
Past Production
Production
Batch
t2 – 12 mths t1 t2 Time
2 - Average GHG intensity Non-renewable Renewable

share < 36.4 < 36.4 share
of H2 covered by a CertifHy GO gCO2/MJH2 ?
gCO2/MJH2 ?
must not exceed 36.4 gCO2/MJH2
CertifHy CertifHy
Low Carbon H2 GOs Green H2 GOs
19
Decision tree presenting the criteria for producing Low-
Carbon and CertifHy Green H2
Average emissions of past Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ

(benchmark)?
No Yes
Production unit Renewable energy

NOT ELIGIBLE input into batch?
No Yes
100% Non- renew. X% renewable (1-X%) non-renewable

batch share share
Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

< 36,4gCO2 eq/MJ share emissions share emissions
(40% of benchm.)? < 36,4gCO2 eq/MJ ? < 36,4gCO2 eq/MJ ?
No Yes No Yes No Yes

100% 100% X% X% 1-X% 1-X%
Grey H2 Low-carbon H2 Grey H2 Green H2 Grey H2 Low-carbon H2
16
Agenda

– Examples
17
Electrolysis with mixed electricity input (1/3)
60%
Average emissions of past 40% EU

Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ
(benchmark)? electricity Electrolyser
mix *
No Yes
Production unit NOT Renewable energy input

ELIGIBLE into batch?
No Yes
100% Non- renew. 60% renewable and 40% non-renew.

batch shares


100% 100% 60% 60% 40% 1-X%
* GHG content as reflected by electricity supplier’s mix 18

Electrolysis with mixed electricity input (2/3)
50%
Average emissions of past 50% EU

(benchmark)? electricity Electrolyser
mix *
No Yes

No Yes
100% Non- renew. 60% renewable and 40% non-renew.

batch shares


100% 100% 60% 60% 40% 1-X%
19
* GHG content as reflected by electricity supplier’s mix
CertifHy Green hydrogen process example -
electrolysis (3/3)
30%
Average emissions of past 70% French

Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ electricity 6%
7% 11%
(benchmark)?
hydraulic
mix * nuclear
fossil fuels
Electrolyser
other renewables
No Yes 76%

No Yes
30% renewable and 70% non-renew.

100% Non- renew. batch
shares


100% 100% X% 30% 50% 70%
20
Electrolysis with different energy mixes as energy
input (4/5)
100% French
electricity
mix *
7% 11%
6%
hydraulic
nuclear
Average emissions of past fossil fuels

other renewables
76%
(benchmark)? Electrolyser
No Yes

No Yes
X% renewable and 1-X % non-renew.

shares


100% 100% X% X% 50% 1-X%
21
Electrolysis with different energy mixes as energy
input (5/5)
70% French
electricity
mix * 7% 11%
6%
hydraulic
nuclear
fossil fuels
other renewables
Average emissions of past

76%

(benchmark)? 30% Renewable Electrolyser
Electricity from
No Yes waste wood
No Yes
30% renewable and 70 % non-renew.

shares


100% 100% 30% X% 50% 70%
22
Central Steam Methane Reforming (1/2) – using
biomethane
25% bio-
methane from
bio-waste

75%
Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ natural gas Central SMR
(benchmark)?
No Yes

No Yes

shares


100% 100% X% 25% 75% 1-X%
23
* GHG content as disclosed by electricity supplier’s mix
Central Steam Methane Reforming (2/3)
25% bio-
methane
from corn

75%
Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ natural gas Central SMR
(benchmark)?
No Yes

No Yes

shares


100% 100% 25% X% 75% 1-X%
24
Central Steam Methane Reforming (2/2) – with CCS
Central SMR CCS

(benchmark)?
100%
No Yes natural gas
No Yes
X% renewable and 1-X% non-renew.

shares


100% 100% X% X% 1-X% 1-X%
25
On-site SMR (1/2) with bio-gas from bio-waste and
non-renewable heat
81%
Average emissions of past On-site SMR

Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ 19%
(benchmark)?
No Yes Non-renewable
Renewable energy input heat
Production unit NOT
No Yes

shares


100% 100% X% 81% 19% 1-X%
26
On-site SMR (2/2) with bio-gas from corn and non-
renewable heat
80%
Average emissions of past On-site SMR

Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ 20%
(benchmark)?
No Yes Non-renewable
Renewable energy input heat
Production unit NOT
No Yes

shares


100% 100% 80% 81% 20% 1-X%
27
Definition of green hydrogen
Q&A
28
Buying H2 without associated CertifHy Green GO leaves the
buyer of the molecule with the RESIDUAL MIX
Before GO transfer After GO transfer

Location 1 Location 2 Location 1 Location 2
Green H2 Grey H2 Green H2 Grey H2

producer producer producer producer
molecule attribute molecule attribute molecule attribute molecule attribute
Green Residual Green

H2 Grey H2 Mix H2
User 1 User 2 User 1 User 2
29

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CertifHy— Developing

• Definition of green hydrogen

& Low- Renewable &

Renewable Non renewable

Green Low Carbon

Renewable Non renewable

 Overall emissions of a production facility issuing GO’s

• Definition of green hydrogen

Green Low Carbon

Renewable Non renewable

Biomass input Electricity input

* Via GO or direct feedstock 10

Electrolysis – Direct Connection Electrolysis –

Input Output Input Output

On-Site SMR Central SMR

Input Output Input Output

• Definition of green hydrogen

2 - Average GHG intensity Non-renewable Renewable

Average emissions of past Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ

Production unit Renewable energy

100% Non- renew. X% renewable (1-X%) non-renewable

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

No Yes No Yes No Yes

• Definition of green hydrogen

Average emissions of past 40% EU

Production unit NOT Renewable energy input

100% Non- renew. 60% renewable and 40% non-renew.

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

No Yes No Yes No Yes

* GHG content as reflected by electricity supplier’s mix 18

Average emissions of past 50% EU

Production unit NOT Renewable energy input

100% Non- renew. 60% renewable and 40% non-renew.

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

No Yes No Yes No Yes

Average emissions of past 70% French

Production unit NOT Renewable energy input

30% renewable and 70% non-renew.

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

No Yes No Yes No Yes

Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ

Production unit NOT Renewable energy input

X% renewable and 1-X % non-renew.

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

No Yes No Yes No Yes

Average emissions of past

Non-CertifHy H2 <91gCO2 eq/MJ

30% renewable and 70 % non-renew.

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

No Yes No Yes No Yes

Average emissions of past

Production unit NOT Renewable energy input

25% renewable and 75 % non-renew.

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

No Yes No Yes No Yes

Average emissions of past

Production unit NOT Renewable energy input

25% renewable and 75 % non-renew.

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable

No Yes No Yes No Yes

Central SMR CCS

X% renewable and 1-X% non-renew.

Batch emissions Renewable Non-renewable