Ext 10 Norm-Bin [112 marks]

The time, T minutes, taken to complete a jigsaw puzzle can be modelled by a

normal distribution with mean μ and standard deviation 8. 6.
It is found that 30% of times taken to complete the jigsaw puzzle are longer than
36. 8 minutes.

1a. By stating and solving an appropriate equation, show, correct to two [4 marks]
decimal places, that μ = 32. 29.

Use μ = 32. 29 in the remainder of the question.

1b. Find the 86th percentile time to complete the jigsaw puzzle. [2 marks]

1c. Find the probability that a randomly chosen person will take more than [2 marks]
30 minutes to complete the jigsaw puzzle.

Six randomly chosen people complete the jigsaw puzzle.

1d. Find the probability that at least five of them will take more than 30 [3 marks]
minutes to complete the jigsaw puzzle.

1e. Having spent 25 minutes attempting the jigsaw puzzle, a randomly [4 marks]
chosen person had not yet completed the puzzle.
Find the probability that this person will take more than 30 minutes to complete
the jigsaw puzzle.

A bakery makes two types of muffins: chocolate muffins and banana muffins.
The weights, C grams, of the chocolate muffins are normally distributed with a
mean of 62 g and standard deviation of 2. 9 g.

2a. Find the probability that a randomly selected chocolate muffin weighs [2 marks]
less than 61 g.

2b. In a random selection of 12 chocolate muffins, find the probability that [2 marks]
exactly 5 weigh less than 61 g.
 The weights, B grams, of the banana muffins are normally distributed with a
mean of 68 g and standard deviation of 3. 4 g.
Each day 60% of the muffins made are chocolate.
On a particular day, a muffin is randomly selected from all those made at the
bakery.

2c. Find the probability that the randomly selected muffin weighs less than [4 marks]
61 g.

2d. Given that a randomly selected muffin weighs less than 61 g, find the [3 marks]
probability that it is chocolate.

The machine that makes the chocolate muffins is adjusted so that the mean
weight of the chocolate muffins remains the same but their standard deviation
changes to σ g. The machine that makes the banana muffins is not adjusted. The
probability that the weight of a randomly selected muffin from these machines is
less than 61 g is now 0. 157.

2e. Find the value of σ. [5 marks]

A factory manufactures lamps. It is known that the probability that a lamp is found
to be defective is 0. 05. A random sample of 30 lamps is tested.

3a. Find the probability that there is at least one defective lamp in the [3 marks]
sample.

3b. Given that there is at least one defective lamp in the sample, find the [4 marks]
probability that there are at most two defective lamps.

A company produces bags of sugar whose masses, in grams, can be modelled by

a normal distribution with mean 1000 and standard deviation 3. 5. A bag of sugar
is rejected for sale if its mass is less than 995 grams.

4a. Find the probability that a bag selected at random is rejected. [2 marks]

4b. Estimate the number of bags which will be rejected from a random [1 mark]
sample of 100 bags.
4c. Given that a bag is not rejected, find the probability that it has a mass [3 marks]
greater than 1005 grams.

The flight times, T minutes, between two cities can be modelled by a normal
distribution with a mean of 75 minutes and a standard deviation of σ minutes.

5a. Given that 2% of the flight times are longer than 82 minutes, find the [3 marks]
value of σ.

5b. Find the probability that a randomly selected flight will have a flight time [2 marks]
of more than 80 minutes.

5c. Given that a flight between the two cities takes longer than 80 minutes, [4 marks]
find the probability that it takes less than 82 minutes.

On a particular day, there are 64 flights scheduled between these two cities.

5d. Find the expected number of flights that will have a flight time of more [3 marks]
than 80 minutes.

5e. Find the probability that more than 6 of the flights on this particular day [3 marks]
will have a flight time of more than 80 minutes.

LetX and Y be normally distributed with X ∼ N (14,a2 ) and Y ∼ N (22,a2 ),

a > 0.

6a. Find b so that P (X > b) = P (Y < b). [2 marks]

6b. It is given that P (X > 20) = 0.112. [4 marks]

Find P (16 < Y < 28).
 A random variable Z is normally distributed with mean 0 and standard deviation 1.
It is known that P(z < −1.6) = a and P(z > 2.4) = b . This is shown in the following
diagram.

7a. Find P(−1.6 < z < 2.4). Write your answer in terms of a and b. [2 marks]

7b. Given that z > −1.6, find the probability that z < 2.4 . Write your answer [4 marks]
in terms of a and b.

A second random variable X is normally distributed with mean m and standard

deviation s.
It is known that P(x < 1) = a .

7c. Write down the standardized value for x = 1. [1 mark]

7d. It is also known that P(x > 2) = b . [6 marks]

Find s.
 Consider the following graphs of normal distributions.

8a. In the following table, write down the letter of the corresponding graph [2 marks]
next to the given mean and standard deviation.

At an airport, the weights of suitcases (in kg) were measured. The weights are
normally distributed with a mean of 20 kg and standard deviation of 3.5 kg.

8b. Find the probability that a suitcase weighs less than 15 kg. [2 marks]

8c. Any suitcase that weighs more than k kg is identified as excess baggage. [2 marks]
19.6 % of the suitcases at this airport are identified as excess baggage.
Find the value of k.
 It is known that 56 % of Infiglow batteries have a life of less than 16 hours, and 94 
% have a life less than 17 hours. It can be assumed that battery life is modelled by
the normal distribution N (μ, σ 2 ).

9a. Find the value of μ and the value of σ. [6 marks]

9b. Find the probability that a randomly selected Infiglow battery will have a [2 marks]
life of at least 15 hours.

The random variable X has a normal distribution with mean μ = 50 and variance
σ 2 = 16 .

10a. Sketch the probability density function for X, and shade the region [2 marks]
representing P(μ − 2σ < X < μ + σ).

10b. Find the value of P(μ − 2σ < X < μ + σ). [2 marks]

10c. Find the value of k for which P(μ − kσ < X < μ + kσ) = 0.5. [2 marks]

A jar contains 5 red discs, 10 blue discs and m green discs. A disc is selected at
random and replaced. This process is performed four times.

11a. Write down the probability that the first disc selected is red. [1 mark]

11b. Let X be the number of red discs selected. Find the smallest value of m [5 marks]
for which Var(X ) < 0.6 .

A random variable X is normally distributed with mean μ and standard deviation

σ, such that P(X < 30.31) = 0.1180 and P(X > 42.52) = 0.3060.

12a. Find μ and σ. [6 marks]

12b. Find P (|X − μ| < 1.2σ). [2 marks]

© International Baccalaureate Organization 2023

International Baccalaureate® - Baccalauréat International® - Bachillerato Internacional®
Printed for INTL SCH OF PRAGUE SRO DIST