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WORLDWIDE
ENGINEERING Test Procedure GMW14124
STANDARDS
1 Introduction
Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes applicable laws and regulations.
Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take
precedence.
1.1 Purpose. This procedure documents various environmental cycles and aging conditions that may be
performed prior to testing or as a complete test. This specification does not include standard conditions for testing
or preconditioning prior to testing. Those requirements may either be found in the material specification or in
GMW3221.
1.2 Applicability. Refer to Table 1 for applicability.
Note: Some of the test cycles in this specification are best used as a quality control test and are not meant to
validate potential field performance. See the platform materials engineer for additional details.
1.3 Remarks. This procedure documents several cycles that have been globally agreed upon for material
specifications. Only those cycles shall be selected to create requirements for GMW material specifications. The
globally agreed upon cycles for material specifications are: Cycles M, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W. For test cycle
uses, see 4.1.2.
1.3.1 Exposure environments, cycle durations, and the applicable tolerances are generally defined in the
sections and tables that follow. However, prior to the initiation of testing these variables should be confirmed by
reviewing the applicable material specification, test procedure, or by verifying the test cycle with the requesting
engineer.
2 References
Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified.
2.1 External Standards/Specifications.
ISO 9227 VDA 621-415
2.2 GM Standards/Specifications.
GMW3221 GMW14444 GMW15288
GMW3286 GMW14729
3 Resources
3.1 Facilities.
3.1.1 Calibration. The test facilities and equipment shall be in good working order and shall have a valid
calibration label.
3.1.2 Alternatives. Alternative test facilities and equipment may also be used. However, all measuring variables
as specified in this standard shall be determined correctly with respect to their physical definition.
3.2 Equipment.
3.2.1 Mechanical Convection Oven capable of maintaining the required temperature from the material
specification to a tolerance of ± 3 °C.
3.2.2 Humidity Chamber capable of maintaining the required humidity from the material specification to a
tolerance of ± 3%.
3.2.3 Salt Spray Cabinet consisting of a fog chamber, salt solution reservoir, a supply of suitably conditioned
compressed air, one or more atomizing nozzles, specimen supports, provisions for heating the chamber and
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necessary means of control. The size and detailed construction of the salt spray cabinet are optional provided
the conditions obtained meet the requirement of this method. A suitable apparatus is described in ISO 9227.
3.2.4 Cold Room or Cold Chamber with port holes capable of maintaining the required temperature from the
material specification to a tolerance of ± 3 °C.
3.2.5 Rack or Fixture required supporting the test specimens between 15 degrees and 30 degrees from the
vertical position in such a manner as to prevent contact between the test specimens or any metallic material
capable of creating a galvanic couple.
3.2.6 Steam Autoclave capable of maintaining the required temperature to within ± 2 °C and able to withstand
pressures of up to 1.5 bars (150 kPa) above atmospheric (i.e., 2.5 bar absolute). The autoclave shall be capable
of venting at the completion of the test to prevent undue frothing of water upon opening the chamber.
3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. Not applicable.
3.4 Test Time. See Section 4 for test times for various test cycles.
3.5 Test Required Information. Not applicable.
3.6 Personnel/Skills. Test technician familiar with test facilities and equipment.
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4 Procedure
This document is not a specific test procedure. It provides various aging conditions and cycles that may be
referenced from other specifications. These cycles shall be performed as required in the applicable specification.
Some aging cycles may require that the material be tested at the temperature specified. When this procedure is
referenced, always follow all applicable instructions for cycles, combinations of cycles, or aging and cycle
combinations from the source document.
4.1 Preparation.
4.1.1 Cut the required number of specimens from the sample to the dimensions specified in the material
specification.
Note: The material specification may require specimens that have been exposed to cycling or aging be
conditioned for a minimum of 24 h to the requirements of GMW3221 prior to testing.
Note: Gloves shall be worn while handling specimens in the cold chamber to prevent heat transfer to the
specimens. If testing is not done in a cold room, it shall be done in a cold chamber using port holes. Testing in
a cold chamber with the door open will not maintain the required temperature.
4.1.2 Test Cycle and Applicability.
4.2 Conditions.
4.2.1 Environmental Conditions.
4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such
requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc.
4.3 Instructions.
4.3.1 When this specification appears on an engineering drawing, actual parts coated with the representative
paint system shall be used.
4.3.2 If not on an engineering drawing, the test specimens can be parts or panels. If test panels are used, the
recommended panel size is 100 × 300 mm.
4.3.3 Support panels or specimens on a rack so that they will be held in a position of 15 degrees to 30 degrees
from the vertical position avoiding contact between each other during the test. Test panel/part orientation shall
be such that it is not shingled or shielded by another test specimen or test equipment. Test specimens that are
to be evaluated for warpage and dimensional stability shall be mounted in a production intent manner.
4.3.4 Expose the test specimens to one or more cycles designated by the appropriate material specification or
engineering drawing.
4.4 Procedure.
4.4.1 Mount the component in an appropriate test fixture (production intent orientation) using production
fastening techniques.
4.4.2 Subject the component to applicable cycle (refer to 4.5 for cycles and application).
4.4.3 Evaluation.
(See Table 5). Run one cycle for evaluation unless otherwise specified.
4.5.6 Cycle F, Exterior Humidity Thermal Cycle. To be used for exterior component below beltline
(See Table 6). Material specification shall specify the number of cycles to be run to evaluate.
4.5.7 Cycle G, Environmental Corrosion Cycle. To be used to evaluate environmental corrosion resistance of
materials. Unless otherwise specified, run 30 cycles to evaluate (See Table 7).
4.5.8 Cycle H, Dimensional Stability Test Cycle. To be used to test the dimensional stability of headliners and
other interior components including attaching mechanism (See Table 8). Unless otherwise stated, 7 complete
cycles shall be run to evaluate along with 168 h at 85 °C on a separate part.
4.5.9 Cycle I, Glass Bonding/Paint Test Cycle. To be used to evaluate stationary glass bonding and paint
materials. Unless otherwise specified, run 5 cycles to evaluate (See Table 9).
4.5.10 Cycle J, Environmental Corrosion Cycle. This is combination of GMW14124, Cycle G and Scab
Corrosion Cycle, GMW15288 to be used for accelerated corrosion resistance test. Unless otherwise specified,
repeat the cycle 5 times (10 weeks total) to evaluate (See Table 10).
4.5.11 Cycle K, Exterior Sealant, Substrate and/or Coating Test Cycle. To be used to evaluate exterior
sealant and/or coatings. Unless otherwise specified, run 13 cycles to evaluate (See Table 11).
4.5.12 Cycle L, Gasoline Dip Test Cycle. To be used for sealants exposed on an intermittent basis. Unless
otherwise specified, run 5 cycles to evaluate (See Table 12).
4.5.13 Cycle M, Interior Trim Dimensional Stability Cycle. To be used to evaluate the dimensional stability of
finished interior trim panels. Unless otherwise specified, run 2 cycles to evaluate (See Table 13).
4.5.14 Cycle N, Interior Trim Dimensional Stability Cycle. To be used to evaluate the dimensional stability of
textile materials on interior trim panels. Unless otherwise specified, run 1 cycle (See Table 14). Evaluate parts
after exposure to each environment.
4.5.15 Cycle O, Paint Crack Cycle. To be used to evaluate the potential for paint layering systems to crack.
Unless otherwise specified, run 10 cycles (See Table 15). Evaluate panels for cracking after each cycle.
4.5.16 Cycle P, Covered Door Panel Delamination/Dimensional Stability Cycle. To be used to evaluate the
potential for delamination and the dimensional stability of door trim covered with unsupported rolled goods.
Unless otherwise specified, run 2 cycles (See Table 16). Parts should be full assemblies, mounted on the metal
outer panel with all seals, etc., in place. Test in car position. Evaluate parts after exposure to each environment.
4.5.17 Cycle Q, Aging Condition for Bond Strength and Hydrolytic Stability of Laminated Textile Materials
(this cycle is an option to Cycle T). To be used as an aging cycle to compare original bond strength to after
aging; also used as a method to test hydrolytic stability of laminated textile materials (See Table 17).
4.5.18 Cycle R, Shrinkage of Upholstery Materials used for Wrapping Instrument Panels (IP) and Rear
Window Trim (RWT). To be used to monitor the dimensional changes as permanent shrinkage or other effects
from the cycle (See Table 18).
4.5.19 Cycle S, Accelerated Aging of Leather and Plastic Rolled Goods. To be used to evaluate leather or
plastic rolled goods after exposure to heat; humidity and cold (See Table 19).
4.5.20 Cycle T, Aging Condition for Bond Strength and Hydrolytic Stability of Laminated Textiles
Materials (this cycle is an option to Cycle Q). To be used as an aging cycle to compare original bond strength
to after aging; also used as a method to test hydrolytic stability of laminated textile materials (See Table 20).
Note: For textile samples Cycle T shall be used to evaluate bond strength and delamination only. Due to
accelerated conditions, visual evaluations shall not be performed on the surface of these samples.
4.5.21 Cycle U, Alternating Conditions for Corrosion Cycle for Organic Coatings. To be used to determine
the resistance of organic coatings to corrosion by means of an accelerated laboratory test. The test simulates
especially the corrosion creep back of scribed, organic coatings as well as corrosion of the edges and substrate
corrosion (See Table 21).
4.5.22 Cycle V, Alternating Conditions for Corrosion Cycle for Organic Coatings, “Also known as
Verband Der Automobilindustrie E.V. (VDA) 621-415 Cycle” (this cycle is an option to Cycle U). To be
used, see Cycle V (See Table 22). Test cycle may be used as alternative for Cycle U upon agreement.
4.5.23 Cycle W, Exterior/Interior Adhesive/Sealant Humidity High Temperature Test Cycle. To be used to
evaluate exterior and interior adhesives and/or sealants. Unless otherwise specified run 1 cycle to evaluate
(See Table 23).
4.5.24 Cycle X, Accelerated High Temperature and Life Cycle Test for Genuine Leather Trimmed Rigid
Panels. To be used to monitor the shrinkage and sensitivity to high humidity and high temperature of Instrument
Panels (IPs) with genuine leather trim (See Table 24).
Note 1: The sequence shown in this table constitutes 1 cycle. When test continuity must be interrupted due to weekend or holidays, samples
shall be transferred to -30 °C and held over.
In 70 °C ± 2 °C 168
In -30 °C ± 2 °C 4
In 70 °C ± 2 °C 100
In -30 °C ± 2 °C 8
In 70 °C ± 2 °C 40
In humidity (per GMW14729) 24
In -30 °C ± 2 °C 8
Note 1: The sequence shown in this table constitutes 1 cycle.
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Note 1: The sequence shown in this table constitutes 1 cycle. When test continuity must be interrupted due to weekend or holidays, samples
shall be left in humidity.
In -30 °C ± 2 C 8
Note 1: The sequence shown in this table constitutes 1 cycle.
In -30 °C ± 2 °C 2
In ambient condition 2
In 70 °C ± 2 °C 2
In salt spray (per GMW3286) 2
In 35 °C ± 2 °C 64
Week 2:
In oven 60 °C ± 2 °C 1
In freezer -30 °C ± 2 °C 0.5
Immersion in NaCl (5%) 0.25
In ambient condition 1.25
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Note 1: The sequence shown in this table constitutes 1 cycle and is written for use with an environmental chamber with a programmable
controller. Ramp conditions to be achieved by the end of the ramp period (gradual change).
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In humidity and high temperature (60% ± 3% RH at 85 °C ± 3 °C) 24 ± 0.5
Ambient soak 50% ± 3% RH at 23 °C °C ± 2 °C 1 ± 0.5
In –30 °C ± 3 °C 4 ± 0.5
At ambient conditions 1 ± 0.5
Note 1: The sequence shown in this table constitutes 1 cycle and is written for use with an environmental chamber with a programmable
controller.
Note 2: The high temperature shall be defined by the Installation Position Coding (defined in Table 1 of GMW14444 – 105 °C, 95 °C, 85 °C)
or exception on the drawing.
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-30 °C ± 3 C 8 ± 0.5
40 °C ± 3 C and 95% ± 3% 16 ± 0.5
-30 °C ± 3 C 8 ± 0.5
In –30 °C ± 3 °C 7 ± 0.5
In 40 °C ± 2 °C at 95% ± 3% RH 48 ± 1
Note 1: The sequence shown in Table 23 constitutes 1 cycle.
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5 Data
5.1 Calculations. Test samples shall be evaluated for stress cracking, corrosion, and loss of adhesion,
objectionable dimensional changes or other detrimental effects as per material specification or engineering
drawing. Different types of stress cracks are shown in Figure 1.
5.2 Interpretation of Results. Not applicable.
5.3 Test Documentation. Report all observations as required in the applicable material specification.
6 Safety
This Engineering Standard may involve safety requirements for hazardous materials, the method of operations
and equipment. This standard does not propose to address all the safety issues associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to ensure compliance with all appropriate safety and health practices.
This would include any specific training that may be required. The safety and health standards include site
specific rules and procedures, company rules and procedures, and Government Standards. Contact shall be
made with the appropriate site Safety and Health personnel for further direction and guidance in these matters.
It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices including
proper Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) and review of the Safe Operating Procedures (SOP) associated
with machinery/equipment and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
7 Notes
7.1 Glossary. Not applicable.
7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols.
GMNA General Motors North America
GSSLT Global Subsystem Leadership Team
IP Instrument Panel
PPE Personal Protection Equipment
QC Quality Control
RH Relative Humidity
RWT Rear Window Trim
SOP Safe Operating Procedures
TcIMM Teamcenter Integrated Material Management
VDA Verband Der Automobilindustrie E.V.
8 Coding System
8.1 This standard shall be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows:
Test to GMW14124
8.1.1 Not applicable for Teamcenter Integrated Material Management (TcIMM).
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(Corrosion Global Subsystem Leadership Team (GSSLT)
4 JUL 2012 Revised Cycle M and Cycle P. Added Cycle X. (Corrosion Global Subsystem
Leadership Team (GSSLT)
5 AUG 2017 Update template and technical content for 5 year refresh. (Materials – Corrosion
GSSLT)
6 JUL 2022 Added note to 4.5.20, Corrected title in 4.5.21, edited Note 1 for Cycle M to
remove specific hourly time schedules. (Materials – Corrosion GSSLT)