CHAPTER 2: SECTORS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY CONTENT Sector of economic activities — Comparing the three sectors = Primary, secondary and tertiary sectors in India ~ Division of sectors as organized and unorganized — Sectors in the terms of ownership: Public and Private sectors POINTS TO REMEMBER An economy takes up a myriad of activities from which people earn incomes or their livelihood. These are economic activities and when we group these with respect to their nature. The sum of production in the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year, In the past 100 years, there has been a shift from secondary to tertiary sector in developed countries. The service sector has become the most important in terms of total production. Underemployment is a situation where people are apparently working but all of them are made to work less than their potential. The Central Government has passed the law which implements the RIGHT TO WORK in about 625 districts of India. overnments also have to undertake such heavy spending and ensure that these facilities are ilable for everyone. Division Of Sectors on the basis of nature of work: PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY sn Of Sectors on the basis of working conditions: ORGANISED UNORGANISED vision Of Sectors on the basis of ownershi PRIVATE SECTOR ‘opportunities: MGNREGA,2005,LEVEL-I Which is the prime economic activity of India? Mention two problems faced by the farming sector. Mention two occupations under the Secondary and Tertiary sectors. What is the meaning of intermediate goods? Why does the Primary sector continue to be the largest employer even today in India? What kind of unemployment is seen in the agricultural sector? List two observations made by the Planning Commission of India to generate rural employment. Mention the rules and regulations passed by the Government for the organised sector. How are the workers from Scheduled Castes, Tribes and Backward communities treated in the unorganised sector? List the aspects of Human Development which need to be given attention to by th fe jemnment. iia two-thirds of children are attending school. Why?13. What kind of employment can be generated in semi-rural areas’? Ans. 14. How can employment be generated in the Health sector in rural areas? Ans. 15. Which law was passed by the Central Government of India in 2005 to solve the problem of unemployment in rural areas which is also called Right to Work? Ans. LEVEL-IL 1, “Economie activities, though grouped into three different categories, are highly interdependent.” Discuss. Do you agree with the view that primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are dependent on each other? 2. Highlight any three differences between intermediate goods and final goods. 3. What does the history of developed countries indicate about the shifts that have taken place between the sectors? 4. Why is the tertiary sector growing so rapidly in India? Explain by giving four reasons. 5. Explain measures that can be adopted to remove disguised unemployment in the agriculture sector. 6. What steps should be taken by the government to protect workers in the unorganised sector? 7. Why do the modern governments spend a lot of money on different activities without earning profit? Explain how public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation. ith the example of sugarcane, explain the interdependence of all the three sectors of the jomy.. yy didn’t shift out of primary sector happen in case of employment although there has been. change in the share of the three sectors in GDP? can we create more employment in secondary and tertiary sectors in rural India? ded by the society as a whole”. In the light of this statement the private or the public sector and are several things nee who can provide them at a reasonable cost, a big change in the three sectors of economic activities, but a similar shift place in the share of employment.’ Explain the above statement on the basis———————— LEVEL-IT i t and increase income of 1. Which types of industries can be setup to provide employment farmers in semi-rural areas? istic is sector. 2. _ Explain with example the characteristics of the organised Bee acet 3. Who are the vulnerable people who need protection in rural a1 a Explain any four programmes introduced by the Government to Pro & farmers. What are the activities undertaken in Tertiary sector? Explain with the help of an example the process of estimation of GDP. How and why is the Indian Government investing in service sector? How can the workers be protected in the unorganised sector? What are the public sector activities? How does it lead to the economic development of the country? een ay 10. Differentiate between public and private sectors in India. Give suitable example. 11. How is employment created in rural areas? 12. Whatis the reason for which the government has taken public sector activities? How are activities classified on the basis of employment conditions? 13. “The workers in the organized sector need protection on the following issues’ wages, safety and health’. Explain. 14, What are the measures taken to protect the workers in the unorganized sector on the following issues: wages, safety and health? 15. Differentiate between the following: (a) Disguised and Seasonal unemployment, (b) Economic and Non - Economic Activities, [CQs & ONE MARKER QUESTIONS People are engaged in. a. Work to produce goods and services, Economic activities " ae Sector is also known as — iculture and its related activities Agriculture Diy Manufacturing None of these 164. Tertiary Sector is also kno : wn as — a. Service Sector Fe. c. Trade b. Hotel and restaurant be d. None of these 5. Ect for the consumer in the market is a— - Goods i Final good b. Services d. Intermediate good 6. InGDP, the letter D stands for — a. Domestic b. Depressi e. Development &. Deduction 2 hoses of economy that mostly produce base material for development of other a. Primary Sector b. Secondary Sector ce. Tertiary Sector d. None of the above 8 The share of Tertiary sector to the GDP of India in 2003 was — a. (20-30) percent b. (40-50) percent c. (50-60) percent d. (70-80) percent 9. Which sector of the economy in India bears most of the workforce? a. Primary Sector b. Secondary Sector c. Tertiary Sector d. None of the above 10. During the initial stages of development which is the most important sector of economic activity? a. Primary Sector b. Secondary Sector c. Tertiary Sector d. Secondary and Tertiary Sector ployment occurs when people ~ do not want to work are working in a lazy manner ; are working less than what they are capable of doing are not paid for their work and private sectors on the basis of b. The nature of economic activity d. _ Numberofworkers employed in the enterprise are classified into public ployment conditions ership of enterprises guarantees work for. days in a year. : b. 120 dt e200. jon to GDP comes from — : eon? b. Manufacturing d. Services——————————— 15, Labour force engaged in Industry in India — bp, 15% « ’ i ‘ tor? . ‘ sviti included in the primary th 16. Which one of the following activities can be ine! tans sugar from sugar cane ‘a, _ Giving loans to the farmer Cultivating sugarcane d. Providing storage facility for the grai c, Cultivating su i he Ff 2 17. Which of the following economic activity 1 not in the tertiary Bere b. _ Bee-keeping ing Benen . Working in a call center c. Teaching 18, Workers enjoy job security in — a. Agriculture Sector >. _ Private Sector c. Unorganised sector d. Organised Sector 19, GDP is the total value of — a, all goods and services b. _ all final goods and services c. all intermediate goods and services d. all intermediate and final goods and services 20, Which one of the following sectors is the largest employer in India? a. Primary b. Secondary c. Tertiary d. IT sector