Web-Based City Library Management of General Trias City, Cavite

A Thesis Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of the

Information and Technology

CVSU General-Trias

In Partial Fulfilment
Of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology

Mark Jayson Tang

Christian Magallanes

Khirstein Danielle Dela CrSuz

Christian Ivan Dulce

Mark Lester Villanueva

Clyde Caber

Maria Kyla Magdaraog

November 22, 2022

Introduction

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 Now a days, in a highly technological society, human productivity is made more
efficient through the development of electronic gadgets. Technologies are important and
helpful in everyone’s life. With when systematically arranged in a room of private home
for such as collection the advance of such modernization in education, one way to
globalize the process of research is to realize that technology is advancing at an
incredibly fast pace.

There are many fascinating things happening in the world of technology that are
impacting on work. The use and control of IT provides an opportunity to be innovative in
when we work, where we work and the way we work (time, place and space – see
Harvey, Citation2010) in a global economy.

These innovations in labour utilization and scheduling work impact on

employees’ work and how work is done as the boundaries of the organization ‘melt’
away. Indeed, they argue that society is seeing a new wave of revolutionary technology
that provides the platform for significant change in the way we work. These changes are
creating renewed interest in how work is conceptualized – what we describe as the
‘smart-side’ of technology. However, these advances in technology can provide an
unprecedented level of electronic monitoring and surveillance of work and employees
both inside and outside the workplace (Holland, Cooper, & Hecker, Citation2015), 

Every library needs a librarian competent to direct activities in order to put the
resources for effective use to achieve the objectives. Library can plan, organize, direct
and control the activities of other persons subordinate to him. Management requires
specialized knowledge and expert ability in various fields. It has become a process which
acts on the basis of a established knowledge and scientific practices. (C.K. Sharma, Kiran
Singh. p.1)

General Trias City Library has 5,201 books in total. The library is own by the
government official of the General Trias. The General Trias City Library founded by the
Local Government Officials. Inaugurated on April 17, 2006 and received the special
citation for implementing Best Practice on Environment Management as "MODEL
MUNICIPAL LIBRARY" last Septemeber 17, 2007 at the Provincial Capitol,Trece
Martirez City. Most library collection was from Malabonian San Diego California U.S.A,

2
purchasing by our local government, book allocation from the National Library of the
Philippines and receiving book donations. Year 2009, the library acquired 6 complete
computers set with internet connection and free Wi-Fi and passed the evaluation of PRC
Board for Librarian last Feb 22, 2012. The library was affiliated to the National Library
of the Philippines last June 13, 2012 today, library continues to perform its share of
providing information sources and offered other services. A Web-Based City Library
Management will enhance the effectiveness of the library. A good Web-Based City
Library Management should enable librarian to manage library resources in a more
effective way to save time and effort.

Statement of The Problem

Many library systems are operated manually by group of people. In such

situations many people involved in the process of managing the library such a way that to

keep records regarding the books and students (borrowers), check the books manually,

keep records on issued books etc. All these things have to be carried out manually and if

the library is large in content handling is also a problem the other hand keeping large

amount of maintenance workers may cost a lot and it will not be efficient for a library.

"The loss of data about the books Difficulty in tracking down the details of the library

transactions due to a slow system Difficulty in updating the information on regular

basis". (IEEE explore. Feb 2018) Manual record keeping is also not a reliable method as

people tend to forget thing. the borrower's point of view, in manual system borrower can't

and a book exactly at once as they are not ordered well. When there is no computerized

system there is always a difficult in searching of record, especially if the record are large

in number. “This system has a weakness that is prone to errors in recording and searching

data.” (Jurnal Pilar Nusa Mandiri 16 (2), 261-270, 2020). Sometimes user might be

searching for a book that is not available in the library in such situations people get

annoyed or depressed. Therefore there should be a reliable way to manage the library

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system. Computerized system has the ability to work at a faster rate than a non-

computerized system. “It takes longer than you think: librarian time spent on systematic

review tasks” (J Med Libr Assoc. 2018, Apr.). As such more time is needed to record

where there is no computerized system.

The General Trias City Library has 5201 books in total, these are Social Science

300-399,Useful Arts 600-699, Science (Math) 500 -599, History 900-999, Fine Arts 700-

799,Literature 800-899, Short stories (easy books), General Books 000-099, Philosophy

100-199, Magazines, Fiction books and National Geographic Magazines. The librarian in

the General Trias library faces several problems in their service because of the manually

system they used in daily transaction. They manually listing down the book borrowers.

Borrowing books, returning books or viewing the available books at the Library of

General Trias Cavite is currently done manually. Students or book readers check the list

of books available and borrow the books if the book is a borrow book otherwise it is a

waste of time for the student to come to the library to come to check for the books if the

student does not get the book. The librarian will check the student id and allows the

member to check out the book (if possible) then updates the log book of the borrower and

also the log book of the library. This takes at least one to two hours if the member is

available at the near place otherwise it may take more time.

This Web-Based City Library Management was developed to solve the major

drawbacks that faced people responsible for the general managing of small or large

libraries who were using the existing systems. When computerized system is not

implemented files could get missing, sometimes due to some human error there may be a

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loss of records. Web-Based City Library Management will serves us a great deal since

physical interference is greatly reduced due to the nature of the digital world thus files in

the library is safer than ever before. After the number of records become large the space

for physical storage of files and records also increases if no computerized system is

implemented. As there is no computerized system to add each record paper will be

needed which will increase the cost for the management of library.

Conceptual Framework

The Conceptual Framework of the study used the input-process-output (IPO) diagram
whereas the input of the study is a laptop, software applications such as Microsoft Word
2016 for documentation; Sublime, Xampp and Chrome for interface; JavaScript, CSS,
and HTML5 for functionality and design; and MySQL and PHP for database
management. Followed by the process in which the study will use the Iterative Process as
system development methodology, Screen layout, Database design, Programming/Coding
and testing. The study will produce the output which is Web-Based City Library
Management Of General Trias City, Cavite. The impact of this Web-Based City Library
Management will help the improvement of City library services. Libraries will be more
efficient in serving the demands of their users.

IPO MODEL CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF THE WEB-BASED CITY

LIBRARY MANANGEMENT:

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 Objectives of the Study

The general objective of this study is to develop a Web-Based City Library

Management Of General Trias City,Cavite. Specifically, it aims to:

1. Develop a comprehensive and user-friendly web application that improves the

ability to serve of a library to the City of General trias, Cavite

2. Provide a comprehensive database of books in the library, including information

of user, availability of books and time that the books is need to be returned.

3. Develop a web application that will determine the availability of the book that

he/she want to borrow.

4. Test the application using unit, performance, and usability testing.    

Significance of the Study

The main beneficiaries of this study are the students who are taking up computer-

related courses like Computer Science and Information Technology. Having this

application on their laptop/desktop will served as a form of quick review or recall

whenever they are having a hard time dealing with another web applications. .

The researchers will also benefit from conducting this study, it is simply by

having the opportunity to develop, design, and create an application that will be useful in

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students’ studies. It will supplement the researchers’ technical writing ability,

programming and designing skills. 

This study can also benefit future researchers for this will serve as a guide for

future studies and developments on the application.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This web-based city library management application system that aims to develop

a web app to develop the efficiency and ability to serve of a library to the City of General

trias, Cavite.

The application consists of four (4) modules namely, Registration/Login

module, search module, availability of books module, and Transaction module.

The Registration/Login module will allow users to create an account or log in to

their existing account to use the web app. The web app will also available for viewing

without asking to log in but if you create any one of books in the web app, the

registration/ login information will be show up.

The Search module allows the user to search for books information and the

availability of books in the city-library. On this module the books can be viewed by the

user but only the pictures (front, back) of a book. This also will serve as your starting

point in borrowing books.

The Availability of books module allows the user to check if the books are

available to borrow. If the book has a check mark(✓) it means the book is still available

7
to borrow, if the book has a (x) symbol it means the book is not available to borrow or

already borrow. if the book is available to borrow the check mark(✓) below has a link

form asking information of a user. The form will sent “the certification of borrowers” at

email and this will serve as proof that this user are allowed to get one of the books at the

city-library.

The Transaction module this module allows the user to go in the library and get

the book that they choose to get, without a logging in at the log book, without giving a

vaccine certificate, without asking to go inside the library to find books manually. If a

user has a certificate of a borrower they just need to give it to the librarian with a ID

(valid or secondary are allowed), the librarian will give the book quickly to the user and

by the time that the book is already returned the user id will also obtained at the city

library.

Definition of Terms

For a better understanding of this study. The following terms are defined in the context of

research.

Web-Based Application- A web application (web app) is an application program

that is stored on a remote server and delivered over the internet through a browser

interface.

Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google wherein the mobile 

application is developed.

Database is a file used to store directory of images and words in the application.

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 Operating System is the computer system software that manages computer

hardware and software.

User-friendly - easy to learn, use, understand, or deal with.

Iterative Process- is a technique you can use to improve a product, process,
initiative, idea, or design. Your team starts by creating the first version of the product,
testing it, and identifying necessary adjustments. Then you repeat the process,
implementing the changes you identified in the previous round.

Librarian - a specialist in the care or management of a library.

Library - A collection or group of collections of books and/or other print or non-

print materials organized and maintained for use (reading, consultation, study, research,
etc.)

 Technology -is the application of scientific knowledge to the practical aims of

human life or, as it is sometimes phrased, to the change and manipulation of the human
environment.

Computer programming - is the process of writing code to facilitate specific

actions in a computer, application or software program, and instructs them on how to
perform.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter represents the related literature and studies that explain the

components used in the development of the study. It shows that the creation of the system

relies on various related literature and studies which served as its tool through the

development of the system.

Web based Library Management

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 Libraries are important center for knowledge, research, history, and much more.
In libraries, students can invest in their own future and connect with other peers. The
system would include a database that stored books, student details, and other data, whilst
it also handled transactions for reservations. Following the study of different approaches
to implement an applicable Graphical User Interface, EECS Library Website was
established. It was accomplished by evaluating theory of usability, design principles and
key concepts of developing user-centered websites. Similarly, data collection through
interviews, and participant observation during user testing, were approaches to gain
insight and understand the target audiences. EECSLS was then designed and developed
in an iterative process consisting of three prototypes, each of which gradually improved.
The findings of the literature review indicate that usability is essential for the prosperity
of a library website. In addition, to facilitate navigation and access to content on library
websites, it was concluded that user-center designs are crucial. In summary,
understanding the target audiences and their needs before applying suitable design
principles ultimately led to enhancing the user experience on the EECS Library Website.
More importantly, the thesis reveals promising opportunities available to the library in
EECS.( Ahmed, Shadab January 2021)

Library Modernization

With modernization the aim was set to minimize the administrative burden on
library staff from the new system. Another aspect in modernization was to utilize the
provided network infrastructure more to simplify system complexity and the amount of
remote components that require library staff maintenance and administration. The system
also contains monitoring features that informs administrative problems that have been
noted. Monitoring decreases the time required for dealing with system maintenance.(
Ollakka, I. (Ilkka) 15 May 2013)

Technology for Library

Libraries, as traditional information storages, serve an important role in providing

free access to civilization’s knowledge to the public. In the advent of the information
society, conventional means of knowledge seeking slowly become obsolete. As
technologies advance, libraries shall discover how available inventions could be utilized

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in enhancing library services and raising public awareness. The goal of the project was to
implement an interactive application that would provide a unique experience for library
users and show off capabilities of modern virtual technologies.  the application was
positively acclaimed, providing an interesting and unusual library experience, and
presenting capabilities of modern virtual reality technologies. (Minyaev, I. (Ilya) 04 June
2019)

Web Application /Protection

Web apps are stored on remote servers and delivered over the internet. They are
not real apps, in fact, they are websites that look and feel like native apps (Blanco, 2016).
They run on browsers and are usually written in HTML5. Users first access them as they
would access any web page: They navigate to a special URL and then have the option of
installing them on their home screen by creating a bookmark to that page. Nowadays, as
more and more sites use HTML5, the distinction between web apps and regular web
pages has become blurry (Ali, 2013). 

The growing popularity of web applications makes them an attractive target for
malicious users. Large amounts of private data commonly processed and stored by web
applications are a valuable asset for attackers, resulting in more sophisticated web-
oriented attacks. Therefore, multiple web application protections have been proposed.
Such protections range from narrow, vector-specific solutions used to prevent some
attacks only, to generic development practices aiming to build secure software from the
ground up. However, due to the diversity of the proposed protection methods, choosing
one to protect an existing or a planned application becomes an issue of its own. The
growing dependence on web applications for everyday tasks like online shopping attracts
popular non-technical media attention when attacks against high-profile web applications
occur (Forbes, 2013). Despite the considerable efforts put into protecting popular
applications against various attacks, even the well understood types of attacks such as
SQL injections commonly occur on a large scale (Ars Technica, 2015a, Wired, 2012,
Wired, 2008). These kind of massive server-side vulnerabilities can be explained by the
use of popular web development frameworks – if a vulnerability is in the frameworks

11
itself, all the web applications based on that framework become vulnerable (Ars
Technica, 2015a, Wired, 2008). In some cases the web browser itself can be vulnerable
(Ars Technica, 2015b); however, popular weaknesses are mostly attributed to the server-
side (CWE, 2011). Even significant number of government web sites is vulnerable to
web-oriented attacks signifying the high importance of securing popular web application
(Wired, 2011).Therefore, this review is focused on various web application protection
techniques, although some of the techniques covered (e.g. static code analysis) are
generic enough to be applied to any kind of applications. The key contribution of this
paper is to provide an in-depth and comprehensive web application protection technique
classification.( V Prokhorenko, KKR Choo, H Ashman - … and Computer Applications,
2016 – Elsevier)

Android Operating System

Android is a comprehensive open source platform designed for mobile devices

(Poudel, 2013). It is championed by Google and owned by Open Handset Alliance. The
goal of the alliance is to accelerate innovation in mobile computing and offer consumers
a richer, less expensive, and better mobile experience. Android is the vehicle to do so.
Android is a Linux-based operating system mainly used for running mobile devices such
as smart phones and tablet computers. Its usability is not limited to mobile devices.
Because of its open and customizable features, it is used in a wide range of electronics
devices, like laptops, smart TV, cameras, headphones, wristwatches, game consoles, car
CD and DVD players, home automations and many more.  Android OS is hardware
independent and runs on devices from different vendors, unlike other proprietary
operating systems such as iOS (Apple Inc. products), Blackberry OS (Blackberry), S40
OS (Nokia), Windows OS (Windows Phone) etc., which are licensed and controlled by
certain companies. As of May 2013, Android dominates the smartphone market
accounting 74.4% of worldwide smartphone sales (See Table 1).

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 Table 1. Worldwide Smartphone Sales to End Users by Operating System in 1Q13

Related Studies

Web-Based Library Management System with PHP and MySQL OF TURKU

UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCE (Jin, Jiawei (2011)
The objective of this Bachelor’s thesis was to develop a web-based library
management system based on PHP and MySQL in order to reduce the cost of
management and make it convenient for the user. The web-based library management
system includes the most popular components a common library management system has,
administration, book seeker, leasing and E-mail. Besides, it has more humanistic
functions such as second-hand online book shop and top 10 ranking. The website was
tested on some of the most popular browsers.
The basic functions of Internet Information Services 7.5 and detail features of PHP and
MySQL were selected for the purpose of this project. The structure of Library
Management System which included a website interacting with a database was
determined. The system and development tools were chosen based on their specific
features that benefit the system. Furthermore, all necessary components in the library
management system were integrated and tested.

The first result of this study was an understanding of the advantages of PHP and
how MySQL benefited a large project. The second result was building practical PHP and
MySQL projects based on a web server on Windows 7 ultimate.

13
The understanding of the development tools directly affected the quality of the website.
The website which was built in this project offered a high performance, secure, stable and
an easy-to-maintain environment. In addition, the website improved the management of a
university library.

 A study on managing Koha open source library management

system in the University Library, Central University of Kerala
(P SenthilKumaran, KP Sreeja - International Journal of Research in Library …, 2017 - ijrls.in)

This study examined the use of open source integrated library management
system in Central University of Kerala Library with the aim of highlighting the
capabilities and potentials of open source software (Koha) and its practical importance to
academic libraries across the globe. Library automation benefits both the library staff and
the users as it reduces the level of job stress on the staff and enhances remote and timely
provision of up-to-date information to the users. It was found that many libraries in India
and across the globe have turned more and more to free and open source software. The
Libraries of Central University of Kerala is automated library with wi- fi network.
Library collections are searchable through Web OPAC; searches can be made by author,
title, subject, publisher, class number or by words in title and Boolean search.

A REVIEW OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

(ICT) FACILITIES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF VIRTUAL LIBRARY
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (E Chucks, Y Sani, T Moses - International Journal of Scientific
and …, 2020 - researchgate.net)
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has a long standing impact in
practically all regions of human action. It goes about as an impetus in all circles of
science and innovation. It has become inside a brief timeframe, one of the fundamental
structure squares of a cutting edge society. The effect has been fairly notable in areas
such as banking, health care, transportation, manufacturing and agriculture. ICT is critical
to libraries to accomplish its objectives for the management of data, viable
administrations and effective services and extension of boundaries from the four walls of
the university/geographical location to the globe. They offer access to books in each
conceivable structure and configuration. The approach of computerized PC progresses in
media transmission and varying media advances has opened up better approaches for
gathering, arranging and dispersing logical and specialized data. This paper intends to

14
review the use of ICT for the implementation of a virtual library management system.
The examination study will take a gander at how ICT items and administrations have
helped in the administration of virtual libraries and how public and university libraries in
Nigeria have entered into this positive pattern.

Automating Secondary School Libraries: A Web-Based

Library Management System
(A Abdullah, NE Nasir, LC Mei… - IASL Annual …, 2021 journals.library.ualberta.ca)
This paper describes the development of a web-based school library management
system for secondary schools in Malaysia (WBSSLMS), which aims to provide an
effective and efficient way of acquiring, cataloguing, searching, retrieving, downloading
and maintaining of library materials. The systems operates in a consortium where
secondary school libraries can participate as members to share information resources and
still maintain separate library databases. Information gathered from various literature,
onsite visits to school libraries, brainstorming sessions with teacher-librarians and
observation on the present systems used, have helped produce ideas in designing and
implementing the systems. WBSSLMS consists of seven main modules and each is
basically targeted to three types of users; i.e. students, teacher-librarians and systems
administrators. Any computer, regardless of its operating system, could access any of the
modules as long it had Internet access and a browser. The modules are Registration,
Acquisition, Cataloguing, Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC), Circulation,
Maintenance and Information Management.. This paper also presents the strengths and
limitations of the systems, and also the possible future enhancements. User acceptance
tests showed that a high majority of respondents found the systems easy to use. They also
found that the modules are complete and have an appealing interface. It is foreseen that
WBSSLMS has met the requirements to meet the needs of a library automated systems,
as well as a management information systems. 

15
16
 Methodology

This chapter presents the prerequisites used to build the application and its

specifications. The researcher used the iterative development model to elaborate and

furthermore scrutinize the step-by-step procedure in developing their application.

Materials

For the software development, one laptop with the following specifications was

used for this study: Windows 10 Home Premium Operating System; 4.00 GB of RAM;

500 GB of hard disk space and Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-6006U CPU @ 2.00GHz. 

The applications that were used are Microsoft Word 2016 for the documentation,

Ionic Creator and Microsoft Visual Studio Code for creating interface, JavaScript, CSS,

and HTML5 for editing of codes, and SQLite for the database.

The device required for the application was android phones with the following

specifications: Lollipop (v5.0) up to latest version of android operating system; 1.5GHz

Octa Core of CPU; 3.00 GB of RAM and at least 16 GB of storage.

Method
The software methodology that the researchers used was iterative development, which is

to break the software development process into the several parts over specific length of

time. It repeats the process by adding more functions to the software until the software is

complete for usage. It was divided into several processes that are planning, requirement,

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analysis and design, implementation, testing and evaluation

Planning

In the planning stage, the developers found a client to help or to improve the current system

that they are using. After finding a client, the developers interviewed the librarian to gather

some information needed so they can start the research for the ideas on how the system is

going to work.

Designing

After the planning stage, the developers started designing the module that will display the

information about the books in the General Trias Library and the borrower information.

Coding

In the designing stage, the developers will put the codes to run the system and for the coding

they use PHP and HTML.

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Testing

The developers will regularly test the system to distinguish errors and bugs inside the system

and make progress in order to make sure that functionalities have been implemented correctly.

Implementation

If the system has no error and ready to be implemented, the developers will prepared the

system for implementation. An evaluation was made to check if they are satisfied with the

system or if there are any changes needed. The system will be uploaded on a web server so it

can be accessed by the books borrowers online.

Maintenance

The developers will continually analyze the performance of the software to resolve issues,

enhance securities and in order to correct defects and bugs.

System Architecture

This web-based city library management application system that aims to develop

a web app to develop the efficiency and ability to serve of a library to the City of General

trias, Cavite.

The application consists of four (4) modules namely, Registration/Login

module, search module, availability of books module, and Transaction module.

The Registration/Login module will allow users to create an account or log in to

their existing account to use the web app. The web app will also available for viewing

without asking to log in but if you create any one of books in the web app, the

registration/ login information will be show up.

19
 The Search module allows the user to search for books information and the

availability of books in the city-library. On this module the books can be viewed by the

user but only the pictures (front, back) of a book. This also will serve as your starting

point in borrowing books.

The Availability of books module allows the user to check if the books are

available to borrow. If the book has a check mark(✓) it means the book is still available

to borrow, if the book has a (x) symbol it means the book is not available to borrow or

already borrow. if the book is available to borrow the check mark(✓) below has a link

form asking information of a user. The form will sent “the certification of borrowers” at

email and this will serve as proof that this user are allowed to get one of the books at the

city-library.

The Transaction module this module allows the user to go in the library and get

the book that they choose to get, without a logging in at the log book, without giving a

vaccine certificate, without asking to go inside the library to find books manually. If a

user has a certificate of a borrower they just need to give it to the librarian with a ID

(valid or secondary are allowed), the librarian will give the book quickly to the user and

by the time that the book is already returned the user id will also obtained at the city

library.

20
WEB-BASED CITY LIBRARY MANAGEMENT OF GENERAL TRIAS CITY, CAVITE

21