| UNITED SERVICE INSTITUTION OF INDIA | MARSHAL SHFJ MANEKSHAW, MC Mr Arvindar SinghCONTENTS Introduction and Early Lie (On The Burma Front AAs a Stall Officer In Miltary Operations. A Controversy At Wallngton, ‘Appreaching The Top. Heading The Army In Pesce & War. Prelude to War. S Indo-Pak War 1971, Leadership Quai of Sam Manekshaw and Certsin Other Aspects, Dignity of the Service, ExServicemen, “Thakochak Cosmetic Aspects Teva. Incisroet. ‘A Typical Tour. ‘A Comparison wit : (Commitment 16 SOG. Some Othor Aspects os CContibuion of Mes Manekshaw. Treatment of PeOW. - India's Fst Fla Marshal. eaeRR Bese rar Introduction and Early Lite 1. inte mittaty history ofthe subcontinent inthe post independence Deion’ tet Fld Marshal Sam Manokshew Oosupies 8 pial Postion. On the stage of matiors miltay he has sede Jl and erect Undotered by any force which may have changed the potessonaem fhe solders sor The objet ofthe Boat lato ve a far pon Picture ofthe legendary sader wih neceseary object 2, Sam Manokshaw’s crowning glory was undoubtedly 1971, A Vetoious naton was ats piace of eesiagy. At one stoke, the ‘humiatlon of 1962, and tho sot doubs” of 1968 wore removed by the \ghtening eamapaign both in Bangladesh and te Wostem rt. Hinde Gandhi could be haled as "Durga in the our of glory, her Amy Chet ‘ould undoubtedly be haled in Napsieose tems, 3. What kind o a pero, thereor, fs Manekshaw who was bom on 13 Ap, 19147 Ho was bom at Amar the Roly town of the, Sh community where hs tater was # doctor. He studied at Sherwood CCalege, Hanial wih his two brothers, 4. Sam oned the vory fst batch of cadet tobe commissioned ram the Indian Mitary Academy (MA) at Delve Dun in December 1934 aptycaled the “Pioneers” In lte o afd published inthe Jone 1890 issue of he IMA Journal, Manel describe the Achat of te Ia, *a big man wih funny Wousors from a barbareus English sect ‘ale Scots wo are regarded a8 Untouchable in England A word of ‘advise follows, "mako a frend of the mess sergeantha le worth ‘cutatig” Manokshaw was prety Iropressabe oven atthe age of 19. ‘Othe st bath, iis sigiant to note Sry Oun, Mehemmad Musa, land Sam Manekshee roso tobe Chiefs of Suma, Pakistan and Inga respectively. He was gen an appointment of Corpral, bu wae oo. tabbed due to overstaying his day of Musson or 8 right witout permission. 5, In 1960, ho vses Amvisar ater assuming ofce as Chit ot Army Stal Ho gota tumutous welcome trom he people over there and wat lteraly moted wherovr ha went and ecoudesoamod to gather sound him everyunare he went. Aer ising most engagrnts on aaoroon without displaying the stars or flag and essed In evita eothos he And his Mitary Assistant et oct fo vit he hoube where he was bor He posed fora photograph in ron of the eucaipyuus tse which Was planted on tho cay of fs bith He went sround the hous the young {ady who had opened the oor for him recognised hm nd the erie family gxhered around tum and otros much Rospay(On The Burma Front 6. Upon foning the Amy in 1994, ter an achat wih the 2 anal of re Roel Se ed i parent balan 4/2 Fron Forco Regimen. nual rtred to ae be 58" Shs. Ho was to 500 felon one Burts Frot as part t 17* Dion of tho 14" A fis ist Annual Condnderl Report had be rather caste comment “fis oficor™ I bog ni paon ~ may somoday become an fier” Durng the ‘obec, he wos wounded a Stang Bridge on 22" Febuary {2 hen a Yes of racine gn last Seve bulls riod he ‘omc of Caplan Manshaw rd engaged nando Par combat. ‘The Dvisoral Cormander, Major Gereal Si lcaré Gowers, who ‘tac to zee, pimet is own Mitr Cros Modal on Sas chest ‘ho wa not expected fo ve vry much mor than few hours and the tay Cross a not avardd postureus. His ode, elder Ti unsealed Soor Singh evacuate Him fhe nar roger ‘Sa post where the madeal eer ot 12 Fonte Force, Canin GM. Dian ected and ha him speesy evacuate to Pogu fom where he tas ceuguerytansaed ote age Min Heel x Rangoon. ‘evs back una on of toast ene ha efor ho Japaneco Cora Burma. The aca tthe wound ae et carted by tho Fed Srna on i stomach ‘As.a Stat Officer in tltry Operations “1. Manekshaw came to seve es GSO 1 Inthe Mary Operations Sirctorate ne rank of Lt Cat ahar Word War I In one of those Strange games that ate plays in man an matters, Maj Yahya Khan {ened a2 650 2 inthe same Drectrae under Rim. About tort ve {Joss lator fe GSO 1 and tho GSO2 want to war with each as Chiets GF Stl of thelr eepectve armies. 8. _Offcers ofthis partcular ora remember Sam asa jaunty looking {cot moving about Bath on bleck metoroia. Ove tothe quik pace ‘of promotions folowing tho deparue of the Brith tom Ind, Sam ‘ould not hold tho asignment hich Is pr-ominent inthe carr of very Inert often, vic fs he command of an itary battalion, ‘ven tough his car had boon issued to aseumo command oft 3° Battaton ofthe $ Gora Fis (Fonte Foce)-hwee orders could nt bo enplemented ne U Gen PN Thapar Chat of Ganaal Staff at Army adguarers desed that Sam should remain, wth the Operations Dectorate, Homever t must be noted that he ws Mckee Jn ths preditament ax some of is contonporari alao Were notable to full 4. Haha nai vow levers when he unt of Aseestn ot Jam and Kash was signed on 25 Occ, Toe. Gon Sr oy Buch nc fe Ina hy wes Eo Noor ad {obs renay mone and ha reer oy 0 Saga wh VP enon abe iy staton was worfey Pon. An At Foe Delon tw tm Sar tant eal in on atte been fa trtred Karst wie covert spot ota Pia dpe ‘wpe and punder on he way thy aber one tan noma ‘fe reach te ly ot Stnaarby wh tne tho an Ay ad ‘ony goinre. Th isan tes be merons wee 30% Musen to 802 Dog, the Ml slomars hd vlog and pode Prt leas. Atal tne ta uamen were a0 73 kn ey tom Sagar “ne stirs wer andy obo fown hy Te stuaiet Som and VP non tune sa Sieg was chao: Mahara Har Sing wae ing om rom ror ae vey te gol tas rae room’ Aconay a woe mere tea rear. Ha Singh wan spo Arg nam ows, wl go ae ty woop an ht hc" Sam ona otha fatng nd eye, ‘Fat wr thr mori SHAG Sam wat dacssng to ny ‘ton VP” Menon teaned ha Gaceson wine Mafra are ‘ramphanty ied Manes, San woe go accesson” Sitar Shi hd ob th pn tees fran gency ako 410. Sam and Monon reach back only at abou 4 AM in the moming. Gan Sir Roy Bucher tok Sam tothe cabinet meting called a © AN dar Vallabhohal Patel who was Deputy Prime Minster asked Manekshaw, whom he adsressed. as Manel), “what ie the lary Sstuaton?”hanekahaw give the cabinet a resume ofthe tution and Said that unless Woops were flown in immediately te ald woud be lost, and i that happened, Srinagar would ago be lot. Pant Nets boat afcund the Bush and according Yo Marekahaw tabed about tho Unod Natons, uss, Afica and aveybody unt the Sardar lost Ne temper and eal “Jawaharal, do you want Kashi, of do you want to give I any?” Neh sad, “Of couse T want Kesh” Pata hon said, “please give your ordre” and before Naty coud tay any more, {med 1 Manekshew and sal "You have your orders” During this ered no was quis often cated by Sardar Patel foe coneutaions th HIN Pate ICS who was Defence Secretary atthe tne, 13. The fist sone of Dakois tying the troops ofthe 1* Sk Baton let te same atemoon ofthe cabinet meting retered to above. M was only aftr this that Pakistan sont te guar troops ito the bate. Throughout e Kashmir Operations Sam Manekshaw cortinued tobe in‘he Mitary Operations Dect. Te signal orden the esasero Wo soled by hi, Ho wasnt promoted 1 the rank of Bg. ‘2, Even dung hi poved when there was sti adherence 10 the Bitch wections of decorum, Sam practiced great informality with bis striae. Thr sorta Oy Cara on sary ‘iter, wring be Stat Diss Decorate, He one ay called Sree young facet oes to Ns oom fe mas saying single a HE line) undead inthe presence of ks Chant, “ston oye. do ret ‘row wy is youn lady a wasing her ten me. mario and fave wo cauors andthe ras made some soca ft a So your tay, noe ee tee yung tachoos fom wom You ca ll Your Fick Along win Big ater Canara) Thmayra and Mal SK Sha {Stor 11 Gon and Governor of Assam and subsequenty J and K) Mareshaw portcpaed ihe Danese fas wen were hel n ho Unotce at Pars, Vishnu Sahay, 108 represented the ciilan sciaton. 13. On completing his tenure as OMO Sam had a. st 3s Director IitaryTraning and then commanded a brigade at Ferezepur iy the uni, Subsequenty ho moved to the Inlay School, Mow 35 ‘Commandant, where he conducted tho affairs of the Schoo In oa {orhodor manner dang away wih the completely outdated Brish ‘Aen Parts whch were holding ey in fs instuten He irodured ‘Sate of the art” pamptiete which wore much more pofessionaly A Controversy At Wallington 14. During the late ties Manekchaw commanded the 25 Infanty Dion at Jammu Hore began the genes of acrimonious oltons ‘it L Gen BM Kaul who waa hat ime commanding th 4” Ifstry Drision at Ambala During’ jit excorcso a careatre of Kaul was ‘made outin 26 ifantyDivion much fo scone of Kau. Manelshaw Ib also eeited to have termed Kau supporters In tho Azmy a5 ‘Kau oye” whieh taken lorally can be que a termiMowever Kaul wi CGnrecessariy senelive and mally wanted to get id of his eval Manekehaw whom he feared woud be a throat © his (Kaus) becoming ‘Chet. Krona Menon at that time beng tho Defence Winter was ony feo wing fo asst Kau, his Tevoute Gonera”in geting vido hs up fad comng coleague otha He inetd an nq tg int the ant atonal actes cf Manekahaw whe was by now Commandart ofthe Defence Seniees Stat College at Welington. According tothe Inquiry ‘Sam was atoged tdhave commented while in a sand-model on Shiva {acts that their were rely no horses in Maharastra, and I anytng. Shiva must have ridden &"at/(counry pon) ane words tothe sot ‘hat history must bo gon is dun. I letartranspced that was Cro Mehta, Chit Instr (Naw) who had mace the commons and hot Manekshaw.Also he was alleged 1 Nave epiayed Warren Hastinge’s and Gives potas in the Sta Cologe. Anne afer ella charge was that he was known to culate undue Wendship towards Euepean Studentsa various socal funcions not eanng much for nda stants 15, speaks vlumes for the kind of syophncy and intigue that Ksina Monon ha alowed preva i fe Mnsy of Oona ‘on combatant oer Lt Gen &. Kau, wae alowed fea he shots ‘tno amy. Kat was exposed altho Ene othe Shodan on na Pi caroor ended in opaco. 416. Lt Gen aust Singh and Lt Gen Bikram Singh who wore part ot ‘he Court of nquy exonerated Manekahaw and reccomended hat action be taken agnns he ofoers who gave evidence on such baseless and frivolous accusations. Had the Chinese. aggression ot inswvoned Manekshaw would not have contin inthe ary, and would have been ‘weeded out in all prooabiy. Apart om the above episode, may also be stated hare that Manokshaw was once ated by Defence Ministor Kahne Meaon about his opinion ef the then Army Chiat, Gen KS Thimayys. Sam told Menon ‘hat ‘since Thimayya was hie Cine he {2d not comment about him. Manon then sald that he could get i of Thinayya anytime. To whic Sam said nis eezy way. “Today you 1a asking me a hijor Goneral about my Chie ommacow you wil be fasting Brigasors and Colonle about their opinions ome. I's the ‘surest way of rining isopine. Dont do Minster” ‘Aparoaching The Top 17. On 28 Nov 1962, h took over as General Oticor Commanding of {he bated 4 Corps in Tezpur wach had bome the run of ho Chinese lack. Hi fist words to he sta, “Gentleman, Ihave acved, they wil be no moro wihdrawals, thank you", wore ugh to nail conidence in he badly shaken ofc cade. Manekshew was subeequenty GOS insC of the Western Command from 4 Dec 1969 to 16 Nov 1908 Ineresngy it was guto by chance tat he was gven tho charge a the Eastem Amy tom Nov 1964. The Delerce Minster Yachwarlvao Onavan Ssolled fs views on tho most fiat operational area of te army's deployment and Wanekshaw ascosed thatthe Enstom heato was byfar ne mest omit area ot operon gn he bode wth Chins SpdRsan eno Buena ames eugene ote soos nae agua an to zo at wel as te olay vole ete ‘Went Bore! naan clr asd Samak on fi chaning asso, awit inveduiy speed. nthe East he moved aun The 8 Sted poe higest aka wre Be my a red [TTT cal mast one scbtn ono our, Abate rt sass So wan costrrargeney sparen Maram woud ate «paca ct farges Wom Sam wth the ote Sethi yoa re avin crate sts give these our creat At: bo pooner showed mates provement he Tota so anc sca merge, sone bangs ack One Yee ey reer a tem Kea, he was ho py a polen Sea ged wins ue mecrg ting th bl ye hore MeREBay pe als flow and gp af vec fe oad by “eatin Manton ms my i” Noel Sy te man son Sere te roa 12. He was aio to gt lage rumbor of exsonicoman jos int Ween nesta undorakinge ih Rouata. Ho iat eonmerted fst he Signo tr exacraen in otata han a Cet f Sa ater e's vou to be heuer of Koa sing Th Army in Pesce & a 20, Sam Manokshaw was names Ail gor Pa xceuurmangala Ap 195 owas au i fc on 08 ‘tne 1000 Ras tous age ting, vanes wore aft that Belen ete’ Swaran Sigh had dated Ne prftonee for Lt Gon Peace Sgn we was bate acted veteran ard wrote coral ‘rons ost 2 Ngh rer inthe umto alae of couse cree aca cael bs an oertng tt rte ofa of Chit SOT ache ie wore arin mcortor: Sam was fo prove fhe apes of ie dum in fe 197 operations Prelude to War 21, On assuring command of one the best fing aces ofthe ‘ed Sars fe Grier eh Oay was remain i testy. Tait oes he Ay Sal eget ene 1 oe . Tre pred twig hi eeuming offce Stn ioc was “Shea onsarany. The sp ne Congress Pary hed reduced he India Gandhi gtvemment a he cee 10 a minoty being oped Up by Communit suppor Del was se wt tours of poss coup te by Sam Manetchaw. The Pee Mtr unl sed hn what He Intentions were. "You do your jb and TI do mina” was what the opty 22. At the end of March cama the crucial meeting between Sam and the Cabinet gating itewventon in East Pakistan afer the crackdown by Gen Tika Khar Fores on be fatal ight of 25 Mares 1071 Ms Indra Ganahivtualy ordered Sar to move to Army Ino East Pakistan and sid that she aed her government were prepared for wari equ, ‘To which Sam asked "havo you road the Bibl and the Miner for Extemal Aftars Sardar Swaran Singh quectoned ‘what hae the Bible got too with tis” Sem tls him tat an the Bible theft enapter {ho Lor sai, let thre be light and there was ip. In the same ven the Cabinot was today decrsing for war and instant expecting & war without going into the vial aspect of the preparedness ofthe army. Aecortng to him tho Army was nat prepared for war. Soon Himalayan passes would open up resting ina teat fom China whith coud ot be taken ligt. The Chief went onto paint cut that his Armoured Division was in Jnars/Babina. Besides whie one hs infant dion was in Samoha in Jamu an Kash andthe cern Anca Pragesh “Tami Nad, they were so far apart Only sven of fis eighty nine tanks wero operational as the Fnance Mins was not sanctioning adequate fins. Aso th raps Inthe East would beg in ApriMay. The Prime Minster was thon asked by Sam to give Ret ordre fo he amy inthe ‘above ceumstances. She adjourned fe Cabinet il the evening, Aso the asked Sam to stay back and inqued he pleure painted by him was authente and she got an afimatve forthe answer 23, Manekshaw gave a string example of prtessona honesty i the ‘above mentioned episode whore he brought home to the poltcal leadership the pitas of tunching an offansive nthe summer 3 1971 He also Mhlghted the lack of equgmant and problem o logis. Apart ‘fom al his ne ought o bear on the laderep te teat ofa Chinese Intanenton withthe snows on the pagees having mated. If requted ‘oral courage ots high order todo al ths, a baci ingredient of good leadership. Once the decison was tae, Sam Mankiw gave a eae assurance to the Prime Minstr that he would conduct sighting ‘arpaign to ovecrun East Pakistan in'a mator of to weeks, THE proved accurato asthe Bangladesh Wa conauded in 14 days On being Ssked by Madam Gandhi as how much time woud be requred for preparation fo launch ho ofenive, he eplod that ato November would. UsLeMeners be the right timo a tla woud algo bing to 2 naught the chance of 3 ‘Shinowo aac (wi the onaot of wit) nthe itrvening sb months fe would busy het preparing the amy for war working in tandem wth the oor tuo servos, Vory shor Powever cetan rumour, whic fad some rather unorunate iter, began fe abound inte poical and Dureauctte cele of New Delt was meadoned tat tho army had veloped “old foo to take.on the eneny,. K was rathor absurd to Suggest such a thing and was thi obviously motivated. On the Independence Day Pare, Sam was sting next toa miisir who was {enor to bo ono offre rumaur mongers. The Meistor remarked ta the famy guns were fing atte tne ofthe unfuring ofthe nation fap with goetr vigour han usual, To whicn Sam could only comment that fe was a bt faken aback io hear thi, as he was under the Impression that some people were saying thatthe army had “old fet: Needless to say the minster lookod 8b shaimeaced, and Sam had asserted his “nornonsonse atttuse once again. 24 In the actual run up to the bate, Sam was abo to prepare the ‘any well He select an engineer ofcr, Major General Kn 10 step ‘Drank production atthe Heavy Vehices Factory at Avad near Chena, He was able to gve a big boost o tank producton wich resutod inthe production of Vjayana tanks abead of schedule as wel a5 brace Ser afiaea cameeted to Tanks in Ava. 25. On. August 1971 India inked th “Teoay of Peace, Friendship and ‘Co-operation? wh the USSR, Iwas indeed & turing point in the war propeaton oto ae all cur miltary needs In tors of hardware ware Efeoaly taken cae of, Som had obtained a sanction ftom the Prine inser inthe early days of tho cis to rico a guerla group to work In tandem wit te “Mak Bain or froodom fhiers my of East PPaistan. Code name “Operation Jacke, Major General Onkar Singh ‘aat was the olfter doped by Manoksraw to overse hese operators, He belonged to Manekahaw'srogeent of the 8 Gorkha Flos, Kalat however couldnt koep pace wih he caly updates required by Sam a5 fo'wme a conventional solder ot fe ox sanoo Ho Was Tepe Ly Major General BN. Saar. raring of 8000 quenlas in border areas rat to be taken cae on thre months About 400 naval commandos “rs togmen wore tained fo bing about an effective offensive aginst pot facitos, They proved sucrats to a largo exert. Mult) Babin Ms to prove sucossul wih a guntoat and a 40 mm Botors against 15 Patesiant Ship 11 coastr, 7 gunboats, 11 barges, 2 tankers an {3 svor cra. These wero the most prominent achievements of the Mula Bah 25. Cathe westhn border nda was que to face wel equiped anc ‘Song armour, therefore Manakshaw was able to dung te Intrversng ‘monte after tho March episode to buld up strong defences so thatthe fy was feady fort onslaught on this front. The deployment which took pace by the onset of winor ft He scope for statis currce Ins area 27._ Inthe Easton Sector during the ran up oto battle, some brigades fac been moved down fom te indoChina border. Ti was done by Maj Gen ac, Chet of Stat of he Eastem Any, who had akon fo Ccontidence the’ Dracter of Mutary Operations, Maj Gen 1S. Gil. AS ‘Soon ae Maneiahaw came t now of hs he gent a rather ado message tone Amy Commander LI Gen Aurora. "have nursed you Boi than fry woman, Wino fold you fo move thes Bigages down. You wil ove thom tack at once" Later these brigades could not be moved back as (he irsdont coord In November whon twas sready to lato re ‘ploy them, However aod and Gil by mutual aggroament di not ‘epi taoe Brigades in East Pakistan. Latr on Mankaw realizing that a Chinese teat di not ons redeployed the bigades elsewnere ‘showing a good amount of exc, when ean important ingredient of 2 good commande. 28, Beth inthe ran upto the war as in the actual operons, Sam furetened a8 an exceedingly good Chalman of the Chisfs of Sat Commitee. He tok along wih him the her Chlts of Stal, Ar Chit Marsal PC Lal, DFC and Admiral) SM Nanda. was net of a ite consequence that Sar had a vor close one-to-one elatonstip with the thon ime Minister Indira Gandhi. Also the Top echelons of the Dueaueray whieh Included Mr DP Dhar, Me PN Haksar, Mi TW Kau, Nich Dhar and Mr LP Singh, to name a Tow had an excl working Telaonanip wih the Army Chet. The Charman ofthe Chiefs of Sa Comite like n the European counties befor and during te Second ‘World War has secolarat consisting of chor two Ces of Stat anc inetgence stat Inthe peat Second Word War era, however in Europe ‘yee ol the of the ctlon of Chi of Defence Sta has evolvod Bartelryn Amorca and Inthe Unted Kingdom. The Chie of Dafne ‘Stat dale oct wth the pola! leader othe Doence Force ike the Defence Secretary ofthe Unted Sates. Sam Manekshw was Ike ay (0 solr a voaty of thw Chet of Defence Syestom or CDS Syston [Se = more popularly known. Unlocunetly suocessve govemments ‘Snoe 1947 have fought shy ofa CDS Systm in the rather mistaken balet that coud throw up a soir who may develop pola ambitions land may become t00 power 16 contol bythe national leadership of ‘he county.28,_ In a preee interview published afr lying down office as Chet of Statin 1073, Manekshaw ea “A tbe outset to Primo Ministor had left me fee to conduct my aff as | chose. In consequence there was never any eterleronce by of confit vows withthe goverment. What fnore can a soldier ack for? This gvos a clear impression how Potessionalyorented the entre campaign in Banglasesh was. Tho Folatons of Sem Manekehaw and Ae Chet Marshal PC Lal wee atone lime Gacrety col. but K tande fo the exe ofboth that Toy de not ‘slow ts to dome fo mero Inthe actual cont of operations. Oni ‘on one occasion oid Lal protest stongy when certain direc orders were Issued tothe Easter A Command but this was not repeated as the Intention wa notte sea any pers 20. Sam was resolute onthe ise that no movement of troops shoud take place Detwoen formations inthe fun vp to oF during the outbreak ‘of heatiites. Ho was openly again what he doscibed a6 "horse trading" Tereloro each sommanaer knew hs Woop stengih and made bis plane accordingly and tile to be proper utleton of woops. Sam ‘waa to go on whirwind tour to weeps on the west and eastern font inthe intrvenng months. He words m these "pp”taks usally covered threo aspects, ne would say “hore wil be no scavenging dung the bate. My amy hae elders inf, not faves” The second pot he Stressed teen was the Impotance of no wemaniing. With atwrio fis eye, he would contin "have been all over the word and can say fon athorty that we have te mast beaut wemon fn the world, why ‘0 for loseor women? Fuharore cur fet ic nt with thelr women fe wih thew army, when You fool termpiod you may put your hands in your pockets tnd tur of Sam Manekahaw” nevtbly peopl had {ood laugh ut understood hie serousness. His thd and last pat Detained to valour and aggressiveness a9 wall as lating the oops Know about he vaious uptodate equpment procured to meet the ‘shore in these fl. 431._tmust be bome n mind thathe had a very goos memory and was inva postion tak spertaeaously on the various figures of impor of fauipmert, date of delivery and so on. This made hi talks motvating {oie voope down the line. While speaking to oflers he id so in a Somer vin, binging home the need for motu bust and cormmrad, 50 hat they could vo up to their obipatons Ina fir manner. 32, He alg fo thet unt in 1965, no ofcor would be removed fr ‘any falure In command, asi played havoc withthe dsepine ofthe ‘my and ld o ofcors puting n Various representations. He therefore ‘made it lear to'sonior commanders that no rem fm command would be resorted fo, and i any such demand wae mad he Would coos {question them on the help they rad rendered to ther subordinates and Wat there would be a preter if ter answers were unsaistactory, '38,_Lt Gen KP, Gandeth suggest the removal of two Commanders ‘hom he beleved may not ft the bln bate. A process of screening ‘he dossiers ofthe two was undertaken and exhaustive suc) on them as taken up by checking outwith err previous Commanders, On this basis the two were kept in thar poston, though Candeth waa ler vindicated in those wo cases, too Sans credt However Hat he folowed the system and dd not rosort to @ knoe response 28 another overall commander may have. His ret access Io the Prine erste also proved a boon In geting the pressing requoments for [ams and equpment approved direct by Mre Gandh and then boing ‘ent tothe government bureauerae channes for action, Needs to thoy were tan care of at express spoed as no bureaucrat woud have "in Rim t0 take onthe Pim Minister's da {34._Once the Army's operation plans wor fuly worked cut an intensive sts undertaken a6 well as taking eare ofthe shor of mal and ‘equipment, Sam sot forty ino going into the Air Force and Naval (Operational plans wit tho respectve Chies of thece two senices. A ttread-bare study ensued which resulted In plans being changed with changes subtey suggested in crder not to rie any feathers 85. to happoned that Manekshaw had an intresting oxchango wih ‘he Pakistan High Commissioner inthe rnp tothe war. The High Commissioner wanted fe know why te Amy Ghist wa Fndlgng in 80 much war-mongoing te which he receved 8 rather sharp retort "Mr igh Commissioner be reat, do you aay baove what al propegende your county i putting ou? war comes tis tie & wil be ene your Going, can assure you it won't be ours. Futhamore you might be ala {o gain here and there bu | guarantee hat you wil lone East Pakistan, Tell your poltisane that" 36. 1 may be pointed out thet Sam took pains in golng though inetignce wh grat care and posing large number of questions en the ineligence reports thus perused. Ho mould sak fr Toprt nd replies by @speciod dealing thus taking cre of te imo aspect also. A art of he preparation, coursos being run att Dotnce Sonfces ‘Staff College, Welingion, the Calege of Comba in Mow and the Nationa! Defence Coego, Now Deh were lernnaied ahead of checkleco that tose senior ofcors could be avallablo for being used Inthe war This was an advisable step. ‘57. Sam Manckshaw and L{ Gen JR. Jaco (ler Governor of the Flnjot) ned a rather healed dacusson when be visted the Easton Command operations reom in August and along wih te thon Desctn SPtumary Operators. Maj Gen KK Shgh highsghted that ulna and eagong should be tne main frat of he atlack as then Dacca would sthowatcady fa An acrominaus dieussion ensued with Jacob taking ‘hevwow that Dacca being the geo pola aptal and cente of power, ‘obea snd mitary shoud be the econ ofthe planned tack ond ‘foul thus hasten the couree ofthe operations. This wil be discussed ‘Mbeoquenty whe re-countng te course ofthe bate. 438, Shi OP. Dhar who was incharge ofthe Pocy Panning Calin the Foraig Misty had a mooting wan the Amy Chief slmost every tly bo at Manerchaw waa in the pictur of what was going oni the risa goverment ole, It was a wolcome develpment and thus Sots te paley makers and mary leadership was onthe sare ord. It Ica good example to be flowed by milay panne’ ofthe future. ‘hay not be ou ot place hereto mention tat Manekshaw’ elationsio Ty tne Deforce histor of the day Jaghnan Ram was ot cord ‘Migiwan Fam fesented Manekshaw Paving such a good working Talsonship wi the Prime Mlnisir andi 1s also possible that some People at the bureavra level my have poisoned his ears. Indo-Pak War 1971 89. Noverber 1971 had come and gone. Manokshsws stpusted 6 ‘months wore over 8 SO" November the armed frees were ready. The Pm Minister sencloned the atack fr daybreak on 4 December, rt Though the ary had wane a dusk attack so tat te ight could be used tor peneraon by the columns. The Alr Force prefered fst [ght im owt thatthe whole day shoul be avaiable to cary out sores "Flue Utmataly Gay-break was the time agreed upon. Orders were Zecoringy isued foal concerned. But vagivan Ram wes tin the ‘ere and ar officer was to Tosve fr Bangalore (where Ne was on teu) {0 convey fo him the momortous rows, and f0intrm tin that the ‘Sacsion fa boon thon since te Mine! was not in Delhi. Manekshav ‘vas being breed by the DMO, Na Gen Indesit Seah Gi in the Specatons Floom wen the news came st § PM thal Pakistan had cetheds preemptive stack nthe wetem soctor, Gen Candeth unable {o get trough tothe Chit on ta telephone (as the Operations Room tol have one) had conveyed the news to te Defence Secretary FELD MARSHAL Ss MANEKSHAN, ME 8 Mr KB. Lai, ICS dino came rushing in. Manckshaw’s immediate reaction twas thatthe date evenone was waling for had rived nd now acton {o get the enemy was on. He Immediately tod Ns staff ofr to got hold of the oor who nae caring the Tatler for Jagivan Ram and ‘csure that th lear was bunt as Pakistan ed laurened the attack. 40,_ Since nether Mes Gandh nor Mr Jagvan Ram were in De (he Prime Nnistor was In Kokatta and the Defence Winster as stated ‘above in Bangalore) fl upon Sam's Itt issue the orders to enforce the operatona plans with inmate eect. Sine twas known that he had he absolut conence ofthe Pri Mnstor tere was na prion In obainng concurrence down te fhe Ili indeed a rmarkabl love ‘ot connaton which prvadod nth Mrs of Defence on tho fou evening of 8 December 197%. One of his fst intrusions toh stall ‘was Yo-get a telephone ne installed Inthe Operations Room. 41,_By8 PM Sam spake to Jacob in Kala acd asked him to convoy the news of wart the Prime Miniter. General Aura, immediatly fh forthe maidan where Mrs Gandhi was aasressing a aly and gave er the neve, She immesately retuned to Dah to tako charge oF afar ‘of a naon at war 42 The props of operations in te Easiem Sector proceeded on schedule wih the hap of 80 Para Sagado.9lvarary Dion pushed into Jescore on 7 December by afternoon. Camila town Tell on 9 (December On 9 December Manekshaw rang up Jace inthe Easiom (Command and ordered him 0 send a force by stato Cox Bazar to fore- ‘sal any Pakistan oops escaping to Burma. Unfortunately the operation ‘Sndod ina basco as no enemy teope wore found n this aes, and only | Mult Batis camp waa found inthe vy of the beaches. Two of ‘our oops drowned wile dlembarking. Gen Jacob, in Ns Book, “Sumender at Daca” ror to this episode and feels that was rather “caval of Manokahaw and the oer two chs 25, equpmert laying And taining to launch amphibious epereons ofthis natu wore nt fadequat No writon dere wore Isued for the operation. 43. At Khulna the army got bogged down in tho marshy eran of his ‘dee, On 13 December Manskshaw issued a signal Be Essar Army Instnting them to, wihout ay iss of timo, capture al towns which Fado far not alin to cur troops. These Includes Dijapur, Rangpur, ‘Stet Mayrmatl Gant, Khulna and Chitagong, Signfeanty Dacca dd fot tnd manton even a ts tage and by ts tne the Ary was on the outskets of Daces, Manekahaw wartod to fake as many Towns 85 Possible as becauso at ths pont of Uma (18 Decomber) a resolutionsponsored by Poland and backed by USSR was pending inthe UN ‘Securty Counc caling for an mmedate coas-ir The unpreccable ‘and morcural Ziskar A Bhi, Foreign Minster in Yala Khan's ‘2ombisration unwtingly came to tho reaouo ofthe Indan Forces. By ‘ralking out of the Securty Councl in a mighty hut afer tearing the ‘esoliton he assisted India in he speedy creation of Bangladesh giving {he armed force suicent time o pan forte ast onthe Governors howe at Dacea, whch cinched the bate 44. Inanowotng Jacob's etiam of nt outing Dacca asthe jective in ihe rurup t9 the bate and dung the operators, Manckshaws ‘iowpoint that bul-up area i usualy ot oked upon by a profesional Imitanyman as a worh-wae objective ghon the lage Amount of Ives Wich can be lst ana the une taken to conclude an operation of ths ate. Thoofore a cy af these of Daca should saison be made an Objective n an operational plan. Apart fom both these vw = ports, is fay probable that thoy was some political crecion tom the ‘government or Kom DP. Dhar on thie mater. These are ruanees which fre sometimes aft unsaid. 45. Jacob has etised Manekshaw’s “schookmasors approach wile Goating wih his formation commanders and said that tis had a lmoracing elect as twas ak fo @ headmaster scodng his eeior Sa Manokchaw baloves that he was ony belng Blum and Yorght Which was neosed at corain junctures. He had therwise fn relations ‘eth most at his commanders, Jab also doesnot al fo make rmaton Oot the fact in Rs Book Mat Manokshaw was highly suocesstul Chit tho restored the esteem of the Amy afer huriiton of 1962 and the "Set-coubt” of 1968 46._ twas Manekahaw who cated up Jacob a 915 AM on 16 Dooomber, ‘asking hi proceed to Dacca immed so aso orgie the eurondor {1 Dacca. Jac raised some quares about the cat surrender document hich ne Rad prepared sometime back. Sam sald would be depatanes “ih L!'Gon JS. Aurora that afternoon. Sam showed considerable ‘ropa by nol going Rims lo take the sender. Recorsing to some {oureos he was even tos do by the Prime Minister He righty ft that ths wae the perogatve of the Chel of he Eastem Army, Lt Gen agit Singh Aurora, 447, One West Front reverse ake place at Cavan in Jammu 4 ashi, Hussinwalen Puy and Longewala in Raasthan. Cham ‘was undoubted a dobaco of some magntude. One of he pacpanis ELD MUAH SHFY MANA, ME 6 of ths bate menfoned that it was @ mess aka 1962 on a micro Seale Nt was fret deeded thats defensive operaton would be eared ‘ut in this socor which was atthe lat mine aered to an oflesive ‘operation. The Dhisional Gonmancer Maj Gen Jaswant Singh and tho Corps commander Lt Gen Sara) Singh were In favour an ofenive ‘Torardpaley which meant crossing the Manavar Taw tver and anackang Pakistan’ testy. 48. On one of his vies to the sector, probably In November 1971, the Comps Commander Lt Gan Sana} Singh went up to Sam jst Deore he was geting Into his Joop and said “Sam would you re-conldr the defensive posture as we have had gute slat of discussion on tis issue, o whieh Sam said alight but ont on the conditon tat Chham> ‘oss not tal" Toroore, Sam was nthe picture of tis plan, Lt Gen KP. Candeth GOCin of the Wester Amy tld according to this ‘senior partijpant convoy te Sam tha nad of making an etenive an ins sactr bu wat overuled by Marekahaw. The worst cabuales ‘ofthe war were suitered in Chhamb, apa from the lose of tetany, 48, Aer to operations, Sam visted the dvsion responsite forthe (Cham acton(10 infanty Diision). A Sain Samaian (gathetng of troops at one single ground, in this case about S000 troop) wae ‘organised. According © a person present wae expected tat Sam woud commiserate wih the troops down te Ine Yo boos! thal morale Keeping in wow the lage numberof offers and men who fl on the Dat fled. However Sam sad the folowing leaving the auience gute ‘shocked, "had sald that | would ako thie ison n Patan fooy fn an eater visi, therefore [am Ih no mood to tak to you Does anybody have en doubts or quastons?™ A hs Juni Commissioned Officer risa his hand and sid he had a doubt. To which Manekshew said your offore wil anawer your queries an el the meeting leaving the audience rator stunnea. The parson who got up when air asked by his oer what Fis question was, sai that while the efces and ‘oops were fing vaantyaganst heavy ods, tw order fr wehrawa was given by the higher conmand and the woop on tho ground coud arly be blamed for ti. Tha port was undoubted vai, Tis neon According to ene. commander In ‘Chhamo throws, ight on Sam's Impulsveness and the tendency to only hear of success and boing Liable to take fare in his stice. Another an inlet took place in tho ‘8 Gorkha Riles Batlaion where Sam was presontd 9 Khule? which was Supposed te have enemy Dood an f. Sam tld the Gommancing Oficor1o rocormend the solder presenting the “Khuli for an MVE wien according tothe sancroficer preset was undeserved, Ths was«case of Sam playing tothe galery @ bit On the whcl, however, inanekshow was\a Yory ppusr commander whose vsts wor Toke forward to bythe rank and fe wih othusiasm, He doubts f anybody tice would havo been abla to win avon at that no on that scale. ‘The objet ofthis menton So pont outs wat, as every commander has thoes 50. Our army however ost the losses In Chhamb in tho Wester Sector wih guns af Chickens Neck, the Tortoy between the two branches of the river Chenab as wal 35 gains inthe Kargl Sector. Ukowse the loses in Hussinivala ard Faztka wore cfst by gains at ‘Dora Baba Nanak Shera Bulge and Basantar Five. We lot 85 wiages ‘bnd 52.8, lo Pakstan it wee able to gln 60 vlages and 418 4: mle of thir troy S51, During the paid of tho 14 day war, Sam would usualy come 1 (hoe at730 AM i tho morning and eer a quck update fom his sta, {io were Intouch wit the senor earch ofthe various commands from the eary hours) he woul rp across tothe operations ream. He trou proset thereater to bret Prime Miniter at her house and be back st South Block (is ofice) by 8.30 AM. 152 It was val crng the period of nosis at he Chie of Sa ‘Gommitoe would most at 9.30 AM. The drctrincharge of Operations Seach sence woud lo be aso preset. These oars woud presont 1 sanmay of events of th last 2¢ hours giving an account ofthe gas Spd setbacks This was then flowed by @ dscusion of te proposed ‘moves forthe taloving 24 hows, ae Up for projected naval end ar ‘port would als take place ss ar of tho co-ordinated efor or the {lowing day. Thon the Chile of Sta would assess tho procoeding tiscusson 20 tat formal approval er naval and ai support could Take place as por norm. Oni eutentcated versons of advances and set. Becks wore Sscuseed during these meetings s0 as 10 avoid Enberascmont Hr Jagjvan Ram Mister for Defence, would be bretos pon tho conciisin of the Chiefs of Staff most. He used to often ome ove! othe Amy Chi's Ole showing that no sic protocol was {oowed and a hands en” approach was edhered Yo dung te ers. ‘5, This provided a vory high degree of synchronizes fort. wich encolnt rosuks, On one omen whan te uation n Cham ‘as eral to Weston Amy Commander, Candeth was able to obtain Sir support wrvaly wihin minutes doe ihe presence of tho Chief of [Nr Sia in the Operatone Room. Thoreaior the day, Maneksnaw ELD MARSHAL SFE MANEKSHAW, ME ” was to have defald sscusecons wih the Command GOCin Cs of Southem, Westen and Esstem Commands when were Incved inthe ‘var Also a comphvensve dscusion wih the Corpa Commanders was hot an uncommon feature. Post unen ha would have some meetings at bureaueat val olowes by an extensive rang wih Defenes Mister in tho Oporatons Rom botorecaling ia day at about 8 PM. S54. It would be only far to mention the extrmely effectively role ayes bythe Minister for Defence Mr Jagivan Fam throughout. Despite his tlorences wit Sarn Manokshaw He had a frt-las grasp onthe Satoge sapect of milay planning, was a seasoned admiisrator and took adequate step fo enaur that nothing waa lacking Inte run-up the bation various fonts so that a well prepared army was ready fr fasion. Lt Gen JFR Jaosb in hie book "Surender at Dace” describe Fim as te "best Detonce Master wo have had” Some year ter when hoa second tonute as Dafence Measles inthe Dosal Misty ho ‘gan showed remarkable acminisatve scumon and worked fer the Dettarment ‘of the senvees in 2 remarkable manne. 455, Sam Manekaha’s staf! was reduced to only oe Lt Col ‘set ant one ADC even hgh he auosaton was or wo mor ‘car of th rank of Major ana Catan (a second ADC). Sa hd ry ite personal scot and used 3. my Ganitas and doge ae mere then ‘adouat to ode ator me” rut be pod au a Werk ‘ino he evel ote preset cay wor aay prevelant 167, ba ail stack sold ot be daconted Tera, N was 8 mar of fret paren even 56. Sam Sahadur as he ls popularly Kaown as has shown remarkable ‘uals of leadership tveugrout his Creer and he has had the courage 15 stand by his convicions. As recounted earler he was insurer n the government postponing an effonsve action Inthe eping ct 71, ‘wien my have rested ina fiasco az wo wero Atala prepared. Hs rors fo the Prime Ministor wore, “Are you poered? I'am certain ‘not have beon at uoled as an example of professional ilogty and "are gus. Once tof cadets passing ot ofthe Indian Mary Academy 41 Dehra Dun for commissening nt tho army was sont up to Nant Of Detence and in dus cours reached the Ministors desk. Me Jagivan Ram being a member of he sched cates was ait prone tasting ater thir wolaro, which was understanable. Supriingly, however, he‘sent dow tis routine te with the query a to how many of he ofcrs boing commissioned belonged to the schodled castosfachoduled tos, “The igure was worked out bythe Autant Generals (AG) Branch aed sont to the Mins The figure wes 0.5%! Jagjvan ars wa Ii wit rage and wrote on the fe that since the accopted policy of the Governor of inia was thal 15% ofa government obs were reserved for Schoduled Casts and 7% for Sched Tribes an onmission of 8 grave nature had boon cammited by the Amy. He desired tat Tesponsibaty should be fod and eavere aston be taken against the personpersons iy 57. Manokshaw called fr the Deputy AG and asd him to prepare a response which sald that "the Chie of he Amy Stl, Gen Manexshave ‘as responsible for his grave emisson and whatover action cealed Shou be taken agaist hr.” Gen Sinha the AG hereto prepared the response saying nto last 30 yous the amy had boon er preparing {or'a war or patepsteg in a war. Therefore keeping in mid the igh degree of protessionalem roquird, ‘mort, had to be the prime consideration atthe ime of initing ofers. k was a0 pontd That Imombers of schoduled casa! ides had Been aocomedsted tthe Tomer ranks of the army io certain infantry regiments. Then it was potted out that Marekshaw shoul be charged withthe omission ‘ny. Jagivan Ram maintained a predcable slonc on this evn a is ‘happened in 1972, whon Sas ppulaty was as peakin the aftermath ct he war. Therefore the armed foras remain the ony organisation witout ‘any caste based resorvaton quota, 58. As ho had imbibed and practised the nue quaites of leadership he could create an imprestion on ary ype of crowd and had unique ‘magnetem in his persnaliy. Thus afer the war eiminated in or 10 ‘ase funds for the Defence Fund he was presiding over the Flas function at Mba. A huge cows of people was aang him for Ns autograph athe cinema Pal where te funcion was tobe held, Soares of stars and stares ned up for his autograph and to have a word with im nthe inoducton tothe chet gues. twas said “Gon Manoxehaw 's the afchtect of our great vicory and while Pakistan Is sacking Sere we our honouring ous” In his typical ste, Sam responded" was not aware that | would be eeeing 20 muon Beauly and so rch {alonihad krown ts, | too would Mave put on my war pals ethaps, because I lak this tha he knocking sounds you Rea ae or fry enecs. The fim Incsty deserves my turks fora they have done {or my sols by providing them s0 much happiness and joy in forward areas by going td those innosptabe areas and puting up shows. Next ‘hme tha income tx chaps ra your houses and catch You, remamibet the sympathy ofall tho sotaers ie wth you" (AI that parla me a number of income Tax rads were being conducted on fim stars) While ‘ho awards wore being presonted. Tho master of ceremony sal | wou ko to ave the "best comedian award to Gen Manokchaw who has bough so mach humour and fun tous this evening” He prosented the ‘var the merimont of the audence 69, Again Sam had proved his aby to interact with any Kind of gathering, Some of his spoeches (which were well propared and Fehearsed) are wort recounting. Whe revening te Passing Out Parade at th Indian Mitary Academy, Dehva Dun on 14 sine 1269 and 30 March 1972, he emphasised tho changes which had come about since be jinod the army in 1838. But he also minded the cadets on the ‘verge of receiving thei commision, thatthe main ask of winning wa land deleaing the enemy remained th ame. He said that tw Acscemny thoy had boon ‘aught to become ladore who were resource elborta, Lnyesing, determined and above all completly honest. Inthe second Speech made ater the 1977 visor ho fld hs ence that hey wore ‘need forunato to be leading 2 vctorous amy. He monioned ltber ‘hat given a fa share of Wek, some of he young ofcors could fe ‘izzy teoghts, He tld tem that ho ur beckoned te them with 2 6 of hardship and adventure and they shoud make the moet of 0, Sam as tas baen carer poned out, had tyoughout Ns carer lad sras ona sing commander who coud coord Be stars of the the sence not ony In peace te but meso slany eg alte. Tis ne fp fee was tna man cause for Hs aucrece ZT War ae a one-one relates wth he Prine ise cy and was abl to gt onthe spot Secon wthou going oc {he ttercumtersome bureaucrat channels who one cul fan get ayes In ging decsions and ge uated bro maura ot fectape Dignity of the Service Gt, must be saa to his cre that Manekshaw had the decorum and Signity of the service uppermost in his mind and protected ts independence and autonomy tthe beso Ns ably. His poss sstoment ‘8 Ootacurmund on 20 July 2001, regarcing the Tn convoversy (Ale ‘Ghie! Marshal AY Tipnis hat aed to sate vaiing Pakistan Prossent Parvez Mushara at he Rashrapat havan reception) wes alo inthesame spit of upholding the dgnty of tho serces. Sam sad “It was indoed a misieke and against itary otic. were in unflorn I wous have saluted Presdant Parvez Muenaral” 162, His having the guts to standup to Ms Gandhi and rave the war pians postponed or 6-7 month i March "871 ensuring a fly prepared my and not a hal-cocked ona contented the Pakisan forces has toon brought out 184, a pliable Amy Chel greed to take on a ronmiltary Opetaton Bluestar in the Punab wth dlsaserous resus lay Sam Maneshaw been afte helm of afar in 1984, ne may Rave ‘hd he courage to calla spade, a spade adel he tu othe pial Teodorsp, and much blooe shed cou have been avoked, The above trentoned example amply comonsvales the value ané importance ofa Professionally sound and tdependont Yew paint being put across 1 the Feadeeshp of the county 62. During Manekahav’s tenure, an Adtonel Secreta, bythe name St Muknesee vas posted in th Minty of Dsfenes. One moring to Ghiet of Amy Sta strode into Mukharee's office, fla In hand. Ho ‘pened a cava page of the fe and pointedly asked the aghast Muxheroe. "Mukheyeo Babu, are you responsible for this vlan” Nukharee colectng his wis replied that mo had not intended anything ttfensive ony fo recove a sharp rebuca om Sam, * you belt be fave about not repeating tis n te fate or else | wil personaly fivow you out ot the window.” The impact of Ns bekness was fat by tvoryono around and th Incident speaks Tor ise. The Army Chet ‘ould ot be pushed around en ary mate, 164, He once mentioned emphatcaly ‘Nation bulding i net purely tho proserve of pollans, bureaucrats of defence persona, but tal of he ire community ~ ven the common man hes a role te play. While leadership mast com and a Nation Secury Organisation must ak ‘shape and funclon affactvey, Kis he awareness an foaing inthe ommnon man that would compel the people in he conidors of power to ‘Secharge thelr functon eect}, efieny and remain accounable to 65, Sam was ofthe opinion that senor ooers should be cone in tho conduct and never aemenn the Unio by any urbeconang conduct Fo ised instructions atthe very oust ots tanuro as Chit of Stal ‘het oficers should ony adares he Proigert and Supremo Commander {Si A Secretary tothe goverment ora histor shoul be accessed fs "Mr Secretary" or “Mr Ministor as tho case may bo. Tis was of ourse very much nine wth Ns ght nang to maintain the diginty ELD MARSHAL SHY MANERA, a of te uniforms service which has always been high on his st of rote 186, Once the Defence Secretary ste inthe conforence room and $id rather abupty to a Colonel sting among the offers “you tere wal you open tha window” (ae was a hot day) Sam ange tld the tte fa at down, ana gave the Sertary a pace of his mind by saying “her Secretary don't you over again aaress ry oars in tat fone of voce. You may say, ‘Sam, would you plaase opon that window and ‘hall do for you. The aor la @ Colonel and not you there" The Dlence Secretary roped that offence was not meant. To wich Sam ‘wast remark angi, 1 dont care what you meant, | heard what you id and dit cot 17, The las of national socunty and higher defence planing for he Interast of the county have not been jist of acadomic Interest fr Nanokahaw, and i mas also be pained cut hat he ae not mince Ns ‘wores on the iss. Al an address at tha Natonal Defonce College tent "The Army Ite Eigles” a probably loaded question was On| tho isuo o the Che! of Defence Sat ang negated funesonng ofthe three sores. To whlch Manokshaw epi tha, since the army was fan oer wing ofthe Ives services as also numerically super, a the ‘ros juncture sucha system was iro, the overall commander Mout! have to be ofthe army fora considerable pevod. He held tho ‘iw however, that in the utmate anaes tho county would have to 30 inter such a syetam kooping in view the economie facto, integration tnd the needs of uptodate itary acon in he post World War Tera. irae a Sear expoation ofthe vial bsue 68, Another ioue whi he refed fo i his tlk was binging the Borcer Secuity Fore for al practeal purposes under the Amy and taling tthe “Border Commang’, Wit ths two echieved ha felt txhaustve traling could be gven fo the army which would be releved from manning the Inamainal Border Thus bo army woul be mach ‘mote prepared for actus! bale proving the apnoss et te wall known 871 Operation, the Borer Soeur Force seployed under he overall conmand ofthe army was to cteve excolont result. [Ex-Servieemen 169. Sam also took cre 1 S80 that roted officers wore Wo ooked tex Atthe “Amy Hote Show he ascovered at some ered generals ‘were ven seats inthe second and hd rows. He was coon wh themcaning to them “Good God, Se who has gen you a seat here; you won't be able o see ating, please como up hele" He fook Princ Staff Office's to task the nextday saying that you reopec trom today, others wit respect you when you rare. While they were iy ‘service you and | used to vio wth each ote Yo fo bum suck ter, Wy this sudo change now? = {7O., His senso of humor usod to ent all ofa sudden. Onea Lt Gon ‘SPP Thera organised an Ex-Servoran's aly at Kohler, Sart mass mention of the fact that Gen Thorat had made a bi ef an incorect statement to call im (Sam) warka in his bohavour “The only ware eto in his family, he went‘ to ay his lady, (wo pated tos wf) she Sighs wit me day an righ he sail Everyone was bowed ver with laughter. He was a steker Yor poltoness 6 wo “Thakochak 71, Bole the Sinia Summit which bought about the Sins agrment of 1972, 1 was decided that Gon Manekshaw meet wth hs oppose "umber in Pakistan Gon Tea Khar, to sr out he leave of Thaker 2 small encave, of which tho clams ofboth nations sexed accurate, ‘The Prime Minstor was of tho vow that woud bo epproprats# Soh the Chiois sorted the issue out amcaby,. Sam according had to ty downto Lahore where he hada mectng wih Tikka Khan The Pastas hd made rater lavish arangemers for his mooing. wont tet wed ‘bt tho issue of Thakochak seemed fo ede both pares, esion the eadock had to be reoned to the goverment. The Pie Mater "Ms Gand waned Sam to have another ‘onthe isu soe found mae in Lahore again. He asked the Primo Minar why she Ws not ‘snd te Foreign Minto te whieh Mrs Gand sad tat ssh & dosscon ‘would be accepod coming fram a solder nota poicanl Manekshatrs comment tos stat was “she's making 2 monkey of m, but fa for he oun.” During the second panoys wth Tika Kran, Sam made tro tings dear one, that it woud tok nulous and Be embarrestg in the ‘exten for both the pares Ha salzionvopasing such ral wos Involving a few kdomeres could not be deoed ton. Bigger esces would conront them In th future anda staring port had tebe meade Somewhere, Two, since tho issue ad bean publeized and had gassed politcal imporance and of “give and taka® should bo werkod cat it Pakistan tking some pat of nan teory of the sama mensions of Thakochak. A bt of play-acing alo took piace nthe tale won Manekshaw sucienly got up when Tika Kran was geting abt bagged ‘down, to say that he was walling out and elt tht was rather alr ‘hat ho got cab © Pakistani the intention was to a best around the 72._ Alter luncheon, the ce broke quite suddenly during coon on the lawns ofthe Mes. Bot Tika Khan and Manekehaw had some inarest ‘on the blang and designing of housing fort offcor cade, Marek Spoke about high rise bulking and fas boing the best allerative to house ofers. Tika Khan on the contrary was of the vow tat ingle Uns wit fawn space and ea around f was more destable for an tices neds. Pat came the lncher kom Sam. you desire snglo uns, ts obvious that have large tacts of and and therefore dont have problem on that score. Tis balpg be caso, why dont you part wih “Takeo” 73, “The accord roachedbetwoen the Cts ofthe indian and Pasta ‘Amis had Takocrak go o Ina. ana Kayan a place nor of Srpape, ‘hich was enveloped by Pakistan erty being gen to or neighbour Zin communique was issued and te tala conuded on a happy rote. Undoubtedly It was a diplomatic tramph par exoedence One of ‘he rer ineesing inciderts of ths tip was won Manekehaw wated to present an Indian ranufacurea hgh quay watch of the Heaustan Machine Toos to Gen Tika Khan's drver. The later relvees to accept and the good atloes of Gen Taka Khan had tobe Used lo persuade Fim todo #01 74. Dutng his vist he was entertained lavishly by the Governor of Wiest Punjab fr lunch at which tne Govemor asked hin fhe ood do ty fv. Gn a's ag ds eatin te Crm took him fo meet his personal st ined vp outside hs room, the persons ned up femeved hs ban wnen Sam passed him and placed it on ns fee, on which Sam returo the turban fo the man ‘asking why he aso, 0 which the man ead, "i Because of you Tat ‘we wero saved" Aer bis the man explained tat hos 5 Sons Wore in he Prisoner of War Camps in india and he wae reciving lets rom them fo the eect that they wore being wel vested n the POW camps land Manekshaws vs added a personal ouch a ne shock ta Rad (ve them copies of tho Koran Shari, and went to tha Kachen to Dersonay check ou on te cooking. Th ot sta member hen went on fo say ‘now I wil never say tat Findus ara'a bad people’ mas 9 Toucring scene ful of eration. 75. Manekshaw was gven an extension by the Government of aon ‘ho ploasure of the President "il futher orders on Apr, 1972 Inteestgly na went shony tore fo naugurate the Mary Hospofthe Easom Command Kol, ch tad been panned and Setored sng na comand of Eanes Ry a wy peek te remarkod. “Thre as bee Toce Seen ny veteran onan of te Sung. Ihe fm tt wen, ban tsi ‘ts aed xr aio coun sven | San hee ony {rs perm ts ost paar an Heng She fe row aa Preto» dala! Tae can ees apy an Aen thi sa had to sound reccesiny a onset pose ope reset nlf cy the ‘escaso” bt Faure none Se 76_On tha minus sie it must be mentoned that Marekshaw did have a habit of taking at times out! place and Inappropatey. To gute here a rolovant instance. On 12 October 1965, whe sil Commander she Eastom Army, Manokshaw was on board an Indan Aries fight "> Dot, and had & rather tee-anesing corversaton wih Wisam K Hichoek American Consul Goneral a co-passenger. Hfcheack reported “We seamed less guarded than any ofthe many talks we have hed uring te lat wo years. He was gut rial of tne conduct of Genera “IN Ghauahan, Ct of he inden Ary during the 1083 confi. was iceuows ho sad tat he Inaars alowed the Chinese tough 2 tow ‘menacing sounds opin down 50000 oops he had in is command. On ‘bang asked wheter ne had any further ought of gong tothe Utes ‘States he interestingly replied that he wold be delighted ogo feelactas {5 Chit. He sad, he was deeply concomed over he degre to which insia was becoming mittary dependent on Soviet equpment. Ths ‘dependence had developed out arrangements made dung dacussions {Gen Chauchart and mere oconty Gen Kumaramangalam Pa ald with the Soviets in Moscow, Discussions, which he added had resulted in producing a let of eaupment for Inia. He baled tht he were 12 49 to the US row coud bo inepreted as flows ()_ ‘That he would idenied wih a Wester bas (which he mast ‘etitly has) (©) That sue identfoaton might that his promotion to Chit ot Stat (c) That rot bing Chit of Stat ne would not be abot ettacWely FeccectInian itary thinking away tom the Soviet Union” ‘71. To put it ly, one can ony be 2 bi aghast at Manekahaw's Indlseotion of taking in ths vein and to a Couneel ~ General st that 78. th would be parinent o point out here fat Sam aa Chit was very ‘ebeulaus abot ceain thing. In the Secretariat he weud bo exomely ‘annoyed if anyting was out of place rout of order. He onoo enqured ‘3 t why tho oher si of South Block which housed the Ministry of than tho Defence Misty side. Since the to tae ste fo ensure the proper upkep ofthe rooms and ofloos the Defence Minty. Once he lined up all the peons who had been {ven now vnforme and growled at a membor oth st, do you cll {he tng?” The leeinese and wol ted out stalin the oo had lan impact on vistors He adced 8 personal tc 16a eters and made Sure Pat abmost each ter was unige othe person and nota dupliatod format The pace was 80 hgh thal s how alec Ypunor had to be purchased orth offeo es the edsng nas would not te bl, He Soul be on te heads of hl ta ofcer to prepare dats speedy and ‘cured eflency of his clea staff and slenographers 79, As a Chiet ne was concious of is looks and was irabely geen ‘nth black side eap on (asaly used by oficers aa moss eres). Once when asked why he wore tis pata’ cap he said" tho I my nose ‘home up” He blew his top, However. # he saw any oflcer weaning ft fring working Nour, by saying "You woar this with your mess ess; ‘nly Sam Manekenaw can wear tie ding ofce hous ila 0, was on a vist to & Gorkha Unt that he aquled the nik-name “Sam Bahadur” He asked the ema Gockha sok order i he knew who the Chief was. The solr repsed tat he dd, He asked him then to name tho Chet and pal earte the reply “Sam Bahadur." Tho nik ame has stuck to his Gay. aso te tle ofa miary tune played ‘by the indian Amy, te est occason bain tho "Beating of Fetes” at Flaypatn on 29" January, 1973 He ao organised prope aning for he fy cooks so that af losst a proper varely of anes, Indan and ‘continental wore avasbe al Be efles’y messes as well 25 Tor tho eidior, Ho ven told the Quarter Master General to have them rained ft a5 Star hotel chain necessary. Soon bath qually and vary of food improvesIniscrest £1. Once ona visit toa maar unt he asked the OFfcer Commancing ‘he unt, a to what was the dscpnary acto ealed for @ solder was, found to be sullering from Vererl Disease (AIDS was an unknown Bhenomenon those days). The CO replied that action would be taken and the hair of tho ofonder woud bo shaved off ringing the ‘eto from Sam “shave his hai of? Dammit he ck Go wih his head" In 1972 Manekshaw paid a vist Nepal and had an audionce vith te late King Brenda of Nepal He had beon so adved by the ‘Ambassador not to speak much unless spcken te, Ho brought he house ‘con by asking the Queen ring a break nthe conversation “Does his ‘majesty help you i the kchen?" Ho also atempted gong round Kathmandu alone wih Mrs Manekshsw in chalan ‘clothes; but Was recognised and had tobe rescued fom @ towed, 82. While visting a Miitary Hospital he would have cup of ea wth the nursing staf and ask them i thy had any sor of problems, The using sta would invariably ask for a radio, carpetand curtains (eometimes ony two and sometimes all thee), then’ Sam would ask ‘ne of the nurse fhe could see her oom, wesc coud be embaresing {or the nurse as many of her private toms would be found i the Toor ‘Subsequently cama t be known that his choc nvalng the rooms was 10 find to wheter the Iving accomadation was rely conforable and if anything elo coud be provided. The word soon spread hath was keen to improve things, 20 the nurees wore beter prepared abut the upkeep ofthe room as well as the sams requed by thom. The local ‘commander would be takon aback and give vent to Ns annoyance by datng atthe nurses, only to be put at ease by Sam who would say, “Thay Bo mo 80, thay talk” ATypical Tour 12, The composition ot hs ave pay suai usa Mes Maneksn, land ADG, sometimes his Miltary Assent and an attendart (hich Usualy meant an order atached to hin). He would have a word ith the Air Force Oto’ on duty and bead the plane. Once having emplasod he would remove his shoos and shit and put on i sippors en relax ‘wit a nove or peruse fs whl Mee Manokehaw use to 8 essswords among other hings: Out of he on gh snacks Maneishav'favouttos ‘were ehickon paties tom the Obera or the Ashoka Hotel. Ho wea & ‘00d het oven on he pane and saw tot that everyone on oar got fnough snacks. Once due to delay even whisky was avaible Tor tre fignt quests much to the deight of carain bureaucrats on bosd. Before FELD MARSHAL SFL MANEKSHA, Me Ea landing he woulf ve Mrs Manekshaw some information of eevanoe to ‘ho vist ho, "a Soran praon who le meting ut 8 widower, therefore ‘dont ask him where he we ia Or k woud be, his person was wih ls at acorn stan, his wf's name fs. Afr attending to te ofa reception athe aport he woud proceed to his place of stay during t ‘lt He woud ake tho compliments of fhe guard on duty and meet the (uard commander He would personaly meat tho guard commander and Ineruct hi ta not to pass the mossage ha the guard wae no expected to tum out daly, whlen sth usual practse. Aor aralhorepoody wach and cup of tea, Sam would bo off an the programme seiged upon, reetng the varous oficers and JCOe of the unt oF formation ard fresing a Sank Sammalan or being Intoded to oops in tht Damacs. His famous ‘one Inor’ wou be in evidence he came across ‘2 man who had longer moustache than his, he would comment how aro you have a moustacne longr than your Chet” Or on sekng a man Row many chin hehe tho rply Was me that wo, he would ‘elt thinking of his two daughtare, “Youve besten your Chit or terativey "am junior to yeu At he hen he would ask he cod, no sth bator cook, you or your wie? To Ske oops twas always “Sat it Akal“"Pind Kera Hal? (which is your vile?) and “Singh ‘tho Ha(wnere is you: lai) 85, Eater roference has boon mado to Sam's somewhat strained ‘elatlons wih the then Defence Minister Mr Jaghvan Rat Outing a tak atthe National Defence Colege afer the war Manekshaw took great Goight in emphasising the close rappon ne had ih Mrs Ganghy ‘hrougnout the war ping rathr expt, thatthe Minister for Gelonce land tho bureaueracy had ile of no roo 1 pay inthe exscaon of ‘poration much to chagin of bureauorats onthe couse, Later he word wont up to Jagivan Ram wo lsued ination othe National Detancs College and the Defence Sences Stal Cologe, Welington ott Inve Manokshaw to lectus for future cousas. Bait must be pond out {hal Sam once put Me Japivan Rom i tho shade. A visto coeraton ft Barely Jagvan Rare waned eloquony about the great conbuton he pac made toward to visory nthe 197 war. At the end otto tak he was requested to uve a potrat ofthe "ro of Banglades. I tured out to be 2 peta of Sam Manekshaw! Needlaes Yo say that Jagevan Ram oft the mesg tuning ‘A.Gomperison 26, Miltary historians wit undoubtedly be tempted to compare Maneksaw with oe of tho other grat Ganorls the Indian Army hasproduced, tho legendary Gon KS Thimayya who was doserbed as a So's General He was tw only Idan fo commana e bigade ding irl War itand hale the rat tank across Zola curing the Kachin ‘operations tus having an sxcallert eld recor Bit somehow az Chist he seemed a bit at sea. He unnecessary go into a sap wth the otic leadership and reigned in 1059 which was unplanned and he withdrew it. Sam on the ctor hand, Rad not had ary war expernee fxzopt in Burma where he recived ihe MC. He had mased the wars f 1047-48, 1962, and 1965. His war record was nothing fo compare With Thimaya or Lt Gen Harbaksh ‘Singh for thal mati. ut aa Cet 1 Sane omparosfavourabiy Because he more than mide up for ack ‘ot war experince with biinoe a8 sa fer. He handed the pote leadership admiaby wel and the nat resut was the hslvc vitor where 00000 PO¥IS were capiured by the Indian forces 87. Manekshaw ook also great car and mentored the isue of now cartonmants bang constuciod various pat ofthe county. He wort into great delberaton to see that ovry such cartonmers waa planned as an Independent unt wih amonty cones, sports grounds, ntiues, Saréonaparks, movie als and the lke. On is prodding, the Army Headquarters insted on conceals wig forthe new catorments. The {goverment however refered overhad wring on the pesto concealed wing was very cost itesive. Uiimaly @ kd of compromise was Toached wih some cartonments having concealed wing and some faving overhoad wing 88. Manokshaw was rater shocked to lea that oes nad nt received madals given thom 57 yore eartr. He got two cases put Up whien consists of Increasing the eapacty of tho exetng mint or rang a new ono by the Ordnance Corps. swat 90. He could be wity with his staf as wel, once In @ biographical ‘ktch put up for approval his dao of bith was erro shown a 4 Apr, 1069. Ho sent back wth the conment "must have been a9 absolutly fantate gene to have been appowted Chief al the tender ago of Boe menins” Once tho Prime Minslors sorotarat sant an Snonymout etor for Manekehaw e comments bewaling rampart misuse of autho and nepotsm nthe army and quctng as a casein queston| {he appoinment of a cetain Majer General as Director Weapons and Euipment. Though a response was not called fo, Sam replied onthe folowing tins: "The Oxors Dictonry dofines ‘nopoiem’ as “undue Tavortam to relaions. The Major Ganera otred Yo le a caste Hinds and | am an daualy high bor Pars Thereore, thre is no roiious ‘eatonsnp. The General Oficr 50 years ad and am 68. Tereore ‘Shough Twas s recocoue is, best model pian would le out ftom ints cae, Unfotunatay, Rave rat much scope for nepotism fis smoot too fasting. The ely Indl from my communay Seedy the professional head of the Army." The issue was coved ‘hereaer and they was no comeback 91. While appeaing bear he pay commision he oso tthe station In ie typical eve by asking one of te cull members to gel up and ‘Stand By hie sie hen the Xt alowance quesion camo up. He now ‘went onto caw comparison tothe man's crumpled shit crease in Nis {routers and shoeless fest wah craps on; re then poled out his own potshed bel and shoes foned shit and trouser with starch on, hs ‘Raveut and esd thor o foo is chin orto erect shave. Manekshaw then coninued, "At neh ine wil go home, tke off my uniform fr my batman to salghon ou, have @ ash and then for lunch relax by tosding a book of Htonng Yo must; ater tus | wil put on my unio, brush my hal and come here for the afleroon session, Now take tis {enieman: ne wll st on one of thse sola eat rom a tin Box he Is arying, Afar we fish forthe dy | wil go home have a bath, have ‘whisky, put on lounge stand goto 8 party. This gondoman wl bo at tho same party having gone tot sraight Rom here, wearing te fame clothes as he ls ete Thus the offcers kt alowance became Gullo sale and un-questoned fora long time to comel Even aller foinguihing the Chi ofica he coud mak the best of a station. ‘Gnoe he wee ring at sn army formation where @ meal was Doing hosted in honour ofthe Presidont ofthe day, N. Sanjeeva Redd. On being served a nonalchoe dink he accosted the Corps Commander land asked him whether he was supposed io nk ely tis! Tho General Oticor with all the dplomacy at hs command inated that since the Preseort was present as per the government polyno aicols dk ‘was supposed fo be sored fo gusts, Sam would have nane ofthis, {Paskod one of tho wators wih a ay of sf inks to accompany tim fnd marched up tothe Pres. “Mr President am I supposed to bo Coking this” he asked, to which the Prose of course ai tal the Fold Marsal could have a dk of is choes He now trary 13 {he hoa hat he had ion tbe authority of he Posidont of naa to have 1 hard ink, an be di so. 2, He woul! often tl his staf tat he got al the information he Feured because of slong nose! He was ao not harkrig afer ay oat ebroment sop or sinecues and was rot need of any such obs.0 steamers ‘Sommitment to Service is populary in he services was hgh and he coud interact ta ne ‘acvaniage of the service with the government. He also iad he process of academic quaicaons ler rence Instutons, a Bachelors Deore for those who quafed trom tie National Detence Academy, & Masters Degree for those who quaifled fom the Dofence Serves Saf Cotege and a PhO for these who qualfed fom the Natrol Detonce Cologe, except in ne PRO propean, ab these peposals sam {ndeteaton in tater yeas. Whenover a ecussion lock place on fe issue of India developing nuclear capably Manekshaw, was ot tne ‘ew that any amy man werth his sak shoud be favour of es me state of the art weapons being made avaiabe tothe armed freee, eed fhe was no exception fo tis rl, the ny net he would ad we the huge sums of money and tlt would be used for the purpose and fcdtonaiy io devo a calvery sytem ith ms opens he ‘ordered to whal el use the weapon wou be ous Afri exploded 4s frst nuclear device in the summer o 1974, Mankshaw in press Interiw stated that one could nol automaticaly conclu atr& Lets "poston that wo hed nuclar capability, ho fot tat the most glowing ‘aspect ofthe explosion was ts tow cost and the level of secee He, facie that we had enhanced out svongth 9 nation, 10 get Kicked around f wa are week" £88. In he area ofthe Eastern Indo-China border ho was a votay of the “Forward Poly” because of te cbious seat plus poms ag ‘nce we now had th insure une In 196, fo stan Ore of theae aspects was his decison to leat a brigade at Tanghar Lo North Sikim. We could now assume an offensive potion apa the Chinese ines of communication in he Chum Valoy and tend tom a fim postion, South Shkim and the Sigur Corte, Unertansion iter ne demited office, the poicy changed due to the fog in ‘Provocative stops shouldbe evoked but alerts position was oveted ‘0, showing Manokshaws freight on the issue 94. Tho post of May Secretary to President was vacant de to the Dosing out ofthe incumbent and rumour had stared t fost Pat the Dost which was by an unwitien rule en amy post, woud become a ‘otatry one between the twee serdces. Ae to Major Gener! was avaiable, Sam moved one of hie Area Commanders 10 the pest immediately rather thon lot l be surendered A ster isu poraseed tote Ispacior General of Assam Fifles (now known as Dretor Gena ‘of Assam Riles) for which she Polos hed put up a eave twough tre FLO MARSHAL SS aS, a ity of Hom Aas, fort be ated to thom a the ele ofthe ‘isan ies com nepcsin ian Se set, Marah ‘tas dtormined not tet fo and sls at malay ofers woul ‘hawt be tinawn rom she Asam Piles a Undo itary aw no pce can enoy the ight to lave ordre itary oes: The Hee nster nao wide popes! may. Sam da compronioe ‘onthe Army Waion! nights no matr how great he peso 95, Ho had dung his teste 8 had ofthe Amy an aga eye for Seia"Onco we motnng past te oer tsa Saray atl tra, be race soapage'h same parse he hou tke ad Irmedtely cord te Gunter Maser Soran the Ena =o “Chet to he Sock oa stuton ana topo back na No ie ie pretered muteslryconsucon or row ecsomnouston bln Eonsuctes forthe ey. He fat Wat cory of lan, seu, traoranc and army wee oven fac vero gh fos taaepe 8. Wie tengo varius amy sans dng Nis start of the amy, ha woot aah tne non Stig na one of wttaingvaroustarsng demonatons meron a he ed Seon enough ott sng hice, andthe peta Sos Now Nis tops nd far ve Who ving te aosomoason he wou vara tod anna np erga ya ‘cmp “yh tht ston so aay fon te boa at fossbi ht to itor one hoses be one ree ea hy fare not made ne wa tts eto Then Fe ou Ine athe ot who deaged ths hee Tis mod oan {he acconpaning Engrs Often seg edn ofc soho was he ‘ost tay cpt to smd op hs eet = coateson wore fina nthe flonng wore When th green ha acrpto he emt el proving hain ory oer aden, my ees ‘nat ers ey oot te bo ons” S7._ Eater mann hasbeen mace of he tuned up case against Sem hanatshen whine on Dotees iar V KR Moon tecined aga Wanetena oe Baan to it Gon Ba au Ore a Chet Sand inoof var wih Menon oe epoh Inthe Presets hour. Ar wining Me Manon here se Ne hasty, ano tuned fois Wanekeiaw and ss" det yo taro et arty wo ovr te aa em spade sd -No cat form mae, meat Sets Wi cect that lana wt ele any wich Pat ouna ho ices whe gov even agit hm ns pe330. Oty n one case di he recommend supersession fora parteuar bfiee whem be et was lacking In moral character, at whieh showed tp during bis intamous period of 1961-82, when Sam was Commandant of the Dofonco Sowvices Staff Colo, but accopled the Ministy's Suggestion at tho oflcor bo cleared for prmoton asthe board was Stine view. Had Som put down his vows in wriing, the oftoer would have not been abe to atta the next rank 98, A year alter the Indo-Pak war, General Manekshan was sppopriate in hs commons wie adsrecsing a Rotary conferonce at Kottayam, Keraia. "Thor is much joy on ts day bu there also much sorrow. In 1045, a beaten and shaken Capisin Manekshaw frst spoke fo the Rotana. Today command an excel ay. Ihave many righimatos My army oughta gallant ard tenacious etme fore, Albough th war lasod ont furtoen days, $000 of my ren were led and 8500 wounded. "Tam glad that 80 por cont of tho wounded are cured and neve rejoined ‘uty But the romindor are maimed tor, Some wil naver wate some ‘at never, some wil be bedridden fore” He then sppedie for the rerenched solders and eflcors to be haped to fed avenues of lomployment. ‘Some. Other Aspects 99. Another anoosoto throws light on Ns rather colour demeanour (na visto an ifanty Unit be walkos up as por usual pracice while ling the ofcer' mess to sn th vistors book, a young lady handed him a siver pen tam te ink stand, aver pens inthe ofcer’s moss Usual do not wok) ad theafre, Sam tld the young lady, “tbat Wont We" f0 Which the lady responded," bet wil and supra "enough tne pens. Sar id not fa to sn the lady a box of chocolates fn hi rlum, Ho had gon intone to hi taf tthe head quarters that al vito must sgn ona sing ln the vistors bod respective the rank or status ofthe visor and nat on one wt page as some ‘iP vistors a. Sam also had great lascnaton Tor muse which he Used t consanty keep playing whe in the amy house. Hs coecton of records and sates ie conaisrable Visors to Winte Gates" af Marg) tho residence ofthe Amy Chie, would invariably be greeted boy 2 wonder selection of mus, # Sam wore Inthe house. 100. He into the practi of sending regmental contingents rather than those seactad by battalions forthe Repubie Day Paraces 20 that the rogment had a wiser choice fortis natoral evr. Tho turn-out ef the contigs did show a marked improvement He was also tho frst (Chef of Army Sif to vist the Soviet Union Inthe spring of 1972 101. Eater in tid workone fds the nam of Shor Singh the brave Sokior who saved Manakahav’s ie dng he Burma eampsign. Curing Manosshaw's fur ae Chit, Sher Singh and afew other sles of yore belonging fo the $4" Ske und to all ate Ary House with varus Fequest Manekahaws insrucons were Wat any solo rm to 54° ‘Sine came fo is residence a ofce ne shouldbe allowod to moot them {at ary tine ofthe day. Those venerabie genfemon would than harass ‘is ta wha vary of requecs whch wore as diferent as arranging {or a bag of sugar fora daugttors wodding Yo secuing an inmate ‘to tm promotion fora roa. Ths was father Impossbie a es land he stad to explain wih al th tact atta commard that these things wore imposcble nowedays, only to be fold That In the Bish time tho “Jang Latoficarincharge of to war ofc) could sue an bdr on which immediate acon wou be taken without questo.” Even ‘hough the Staff Offer tothe Chet would then explln that nowadays Sich orors would open a pandor's box of profes, thee ol voters would ramain unconinced and make a complaint fo Manekshaw about ‘he unco-operalve staf flee ho had rom the 8 Gorkhas, suggesting that a Sie Regiment offcer would pace beter resus. 102, Aer the 1971 war was over, became of pressing need 1 re- cxganse the Army wih a vow ef operational experience gained as well ‘2 to take care ofthe nods of ho army ofthe futur. Tho Westar Command of the Army which sietched fom Naw Doll to Jammu & Kashmir was spit panda pew command cal the Neem Commans ‘as established to deal wih the operational aspects ofthe vial etony tf Jammu & Kashmir. Sam solocted Lt Gon PS Bhopal, «galt slder fand recapient of tho Vieira rose 10 head this new command Inoidontaly, on the ove of his laying down offce as Chiat, Sam ‘aconmended tothe Goverment hat hs inmensay pop an cape ffs succeed him a5 Chit of Stal, but was not accepted, asthe thon Finance Minster, YB Chavan, lobbied hard for Gen GG Bencor (who belonged to Maharastra). A new core headquarters was aso ‘alse at Bhatnda, 10 Corps, to lessen the pressure on 11 Comps at ‘slandhar whieh had to tsk of manning the Pura border. 409. Once the Director of Mitey Inietigence, Major General OK CChancokar aited the suo jie oie bing with foreign nationals land piorats. Sam fl tha loo much of snapping thats mates as ounlerprdctve and ysied ile ono eeute To thtate the case be mentoned to tha Che of Mtary Inligonce that i an ADC of is (01 drunk atthe mouse ofa US splomat and luted out some kind of ‘Romain the splomat red To get fom him nis urkan sao, tho