Baybay City Division

Baybay City, Leyte

Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion Grade

12
Applied Subject
Quarter 3
Week No. 3
Information and Activity Sheets

Prepared by

Leizl F. Abrantes, T-II Jonathan S. Mamalias, T-II

Baybay City Senior High School

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Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion, Q3-Week 4(Do not write on this booklet)
 Information Sheets
Learning Competency : Selects cites and synthesizes related literature uses sources
according to ethical standards (at least 4-6 local and international
sources) (No Code)
Objectives : 1. Identifies the parts in selecting related literature from different
sources
2. Selects relevant literature from different sources
3.Distinguishes between the different standard format style in citing relevant information
4. Cites relevant literature using APA format
5. Describes the technique in synthesizing related literature from different sources

DEFINITION OF TERMS
Bibliography – generally, is a list of all sources that is used to generate ideas about the topic
including those cited in any written materials (e.g. books, journals, articles, etc.) as well as those
which have not cited
Copyright - is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive right to make copies
of a creative work, usually for a limited time. The creative work may be in a literary, artistic,
educational, or musical form.
Chronological - starting with the earliest and following the order in which they occurred
Excerpt – passage or quotation taken or selected from a book, document, film, or the like; extract
Government’s Thrust – these are policies or action of plan adopted or pursued by the
government
Journal Articles - are shorter than books and written about very specific topics. A journal is a
collection of articles (like a magazine) that is published regularly throughout the year. Journals
present the most recent research, and journal articles are written by experts, for experts
Literature - written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit; books
and writings published on a particular subject
References – contains only sources which have cited in-text in the assignment

KEY CONCEPTS
You went through identifying, inquiry and stating the problem from the previous chapter which is the
“Introduction”. In this chapter, issues and concerns related to the research problem will be discussed.
This is one of the very important part of research, the “Review of Related Literature” or commonly
known as “Literature Review”.

Literature Review - is a written summary of journal articles, books, and other documents that
describes the past and current state of information on the topic of your research study. It also
organizes the literature into subtopics, and documents the need for a proposed study. It might also
contain other information drawn from conference papers, books, and government documents.
(Creswell 2012)
Reviewing related literature is one major activity in research that makes you examine or study again
concepts or ideas related to your research that people managed to publish in books, journals, or
other reading materials in the past. (Baraceros 2016)

With so much information available, searching and locating good literature on your topic can be
challenging. But why do we have this part to be included in a research paper? The following are
some reasons that this part should be valued enough.

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Purpose of Literature Review
Literature review have several uses and intentions and these are cited below.
1. Give researchers ideas about areas where more research needs to be done. This is referred to
as “gaps” in the literature. (Fraenkel, Wallen and Hyun 2012)
2. It documents how the study adds to the existing literature. (Creswell 2012)
3. Way to learn new ideas, sharing the latest findings with others. (Creswell 2012)
4. To find out the connection of your research to the current conditions or situations of the world
(Baraceros 2016)
5. To know more about theories or concepts underlying your research and to learn from them with
respect to your own research study (Baraceros 2016)
6. To discover the relation of your research with previous research studies (Baraceros 2016)
7. To obtain information on the accuracy or relevance of your research questions (Baraceros 2016)

In selecting various sources to be included in a literature review, here are some types that is needed
to be known by the researcher.

Types of Sources (Creswell 2012)

1. Primary source - consists of literature reported by the individual(s) who actually conducted the
research or who originated the ideas.
Examples:
• Research articles published by educational journals
2. Secondary source - is literature that summarizes primary sources. It does not represent material
published by the original researcher or the creator of the idea. Examples:
• Handbooks
• Encyclopedias
• Selected journals that summarize research such as the Review of Educational
Research.

Typically, you will locate both primary and secondary sources, but it is best to report mostly primary
sources. Primary sources present the literature in the original state and present the viewpoint of the
original author. Primary sources also provide the details of original research better than do
secondary sources. Secondary sources are helpful as you begin your review, to explore and
determine the range of materials on a topic.

Moreover, a researcher should know the criteria and have the ability to compare between what he
should read and include in his study, and what he should not read and does not need to
include in his study. It is a must that he read all literature and studies that are partially and closely
related to the study. In selecting materials for the Literature Review, it consists of three parts. These
are the Related Legal Basis; Related Literature and Related Studies.

3 Parts of the Literature Review (Calmorin 2016)

1. Related Legal Basis – determines the relevance of the study to the government’s thrusts Example:
laws and department directives such as circulars, orders, memoranda, etc.

Sample Study: “UTILIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF MILKFISH BONES AS OFFAL

OF BONELESS MILKFISH (CHANOS CHANOS FORSSKAL) INTO LUNCHEON MEAT”

Republic Act No. 8550 known as the The Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 is a related legal
basis of the study because it states among others that it is the policy of the State “ to provide
support to the fishery sector including women and youth sectors through appropriate technology
and research, adequate financial production, construction of post-harvest facilities, marketing
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 assistance , and other services” Moreover it states that “The policy of the State is to achieve food
security as the overriding contribution in the utilization, management, development,
conservation, and protection of fishery resource in order to provide the food needs of the
population”.

2. Related Literature – written works collectively, especially those enduring importance, exhibiting
creative imagination and artistic skill, are written in a particular period, language, and subject.
Example: any written materials published in a book, journal, magazine, novel, poetry,
yearbook, and encyclopedia

Sample Study: “SEAWEED PUTO WITH AND WITHOUT MORINGA: ITS ACCEPTABILITY,
SALABILITY, AND PROFITABILITY”

Encyclopedia (2004) stated that puto was a steamed rice delicacy popular in the Southeast Asian
country. Puto is usually eaten as a dessert but could also be eaten for breakfast with hot coffee
or hot chocolate. Puto have spongy and slightly fluffy texture. It is light and airy, and biting into
one feel like biting into a much firmer piece of angel cake.

3. Related Studies – published and unpublished research studies which have bearing on the present
study. It could be in local (conducted within Philippines) and foreign (conducted outside
Philippines) studies
Example: Thesis, dissertations, action and basic research done by teachers

Sample Study: “SEAWEED PUTO WITH AND WITHOUT MORINGA: ITS ACCEPTABILITY,
SALABILITY, AND PROFITABILITY”

Calmorin (2007) stated that puto without seaweed is moderately acceptable and puto with
seaweed is extremely acceptable. The shelf life of puto for both control and experimental groups
is three days if stored in room temperature and one week if stored in a refrigerator.
Note: The presentation of all parts of Literature Review must be arranged in chronological order from
recent to the oldest.

Standard format style in citing relevant information

All reading materials related to your research that you intend to review or re-examine offer you
concepts, ideas, or information belonging to other people. Having
honesty, respect, or courtesy to the owners of these varied forms of knowledge as well as
gratefulness for their valuable contribution to the field, you see to it that the names of these idea
owners or authors appear in the appropriate sections of your research paper.

In-text Citation and Referencing Styles

Other people’s ideas incorporated in the central section or main body of your paper are to be cited
or referred to the true owners of borrowed ideas. Referring to authors within the main body of the
paper is called Citation or In-text Citation; at the end of the paper, it is called Bibliography or
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References. The two most commonly used referencing styles are the MLA (Modern Language
Association) and the APA (American Psychological Association). The following table shows you how
these two referencing styles differ in some aspects. (Baraceros 2016)

Aspect APA System MLA System

Writing the Author’s Full surname first, then
name followed by initials of first
and middle name
Writing the title of Italicized title with only the
the reading material beginning word capitalized
(exception: capital for every
proper noun)
Writing the copyright Written after the author’s
date Name
Full surname first, followed by full
first name, and optional initial of the
middle name
Underlined or italicized
title with all content words
capitalized
Written after the publisher’s
name

Examples of MLA Referencing Style

1. Citation or In-text Citation (Zobel
287)
(Lopena, Torres, Bado 90–150)
(Carlos et al. 134–150)
(Gorio: 1: 66–70)

2. Documentary Notes
The same as the entries in a bibliography or References, except that, here, the first name precedes the family
name of the author.
Example:
Fely Decena, G. Globalization. Quezon City: GB Press. 2016 Mariano Lopez. Tropical Depressions.
3. Bibliography/References One
author
Decena, Fely G. Globalization. (Quezon City: GB Press. 2016). Lopez, Mariano. Tropical Depressions.
(Manila: Adarna Publishing House, 2016).
Two Authors
Certeza, Nina C. and David, Jose L. Intercultural Competence. (Baguio City: KLM Co., 2018). Ramos, Hilario
R. and Benitez, Rosie M. Academic Competitions. (Manila: National Bookstore, 2016).
Three Authors (List down the names in the order they appear in the title page.)
Perez, Dino A., Mista, Dora C. and Paluan, Gloria F. Carcinogenic- Foods. (Pasay City: ABC Press, 2016).
Three or More Authors (Use the first name in the list)
Fuller, Norma N. et al. Trial Proceedings. (Quezon City: Rex Bookstore, 2016).

Anonymous Author (If the authorship of a work is known but not revealed on the title
page, the name is given in brackets.
[Violeta Gamboa]. The Korean Telenovelas. (Nowhere: Nonesuch Press,
2016).
[Cora Cruz]. Billiards Game. (Nowhere: Nonesuch Publication, 2016).

(If the identity of the author is guessed, a question mark follows the name before
the closing bracket.)
[Violeta Gamboa?]. The Korean Telenovelas. (Nowhere: Nonesuch Press, 2016).

Popular Magazines
Soriano, Mila. “ The French Dishes,” Panorama, March 2016, pp. 23–26. Romulo, Arnold. “Oregano
Leaves.” World Mission, May 8, 2016, p. 8.
Theses, Dissertations, and Other Unpublished Works
Villaroman, Rina. D. “Traditional Language Theories” (Ph. D diss., U.P. Diliman, 2016).
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Reference Books: Encyclopedia, Dictionary, Almanac, Indexes, etc.
Well-known reference books are usually not listed in bibliographies. When such reference books are listed in
notes, the facts about the publication are usually omitted, but the edition, if not the first, must be specified.
References to encyclopedia, dictionary, or to the alphabetically arranged works cite the items (not the volume
or page number) preceded by S.V. or sub verbo, meaning under the word.
1. Encyclopedia Britannica, 10th ed., S.V. “Ozone Layer.” Materials
through Computers
1. Signed article in a magazine
Smith, Robert. “Email Craze.” Interactions. July 2016. http://www.inter.com/Jol/labor.htm/
2. Unsigned article in a magazine
“Power Interview.” Business Trends Magazine. August 2016. <http://www.BusTRendscom/Bus
Trends/Trends/ctshoot.htmlz>
3. Article in Newspaper
Salcedo, Jeorge. “Japanese traffic Rules.” New Daily Life Star. 21
December 2017. http://www.nytimes.com/2016/26 world/28 MIDE.htmlz.

4. An Editorial
“Golden Gate at San Francisco City” Editorial. Philippine Daily Inquirer. July 7, 2016.
http://www.apinq.com/ed/2016/24/po4.htmlz/
5. Online books
Barbour, Kate D. Constructivism. 2016. http: AMPRA 2 etext 2014/14w0310txtz. Alison, Gloria G. “Skills and
Strategies.” 15–20, May 2016 dialog ERICAED23376.

Examples of APA Referencing Style

1. Citation or In-text Citation
(Lopena, 2016) (Olivarez, 2017)
(Cortez, Mabeza, Brado, 2016, pp. 120–130)
(Ligos et al., 2016)
According to Flores (2017)… Olidan
(2016) maintains that...
A study on the Pork Barrel Scam is a “doable research work” (Abunda, 2016, p.78)

2. Bibliography/References One author

Floro, J. A. (2016). The Colds Virus. Quezon City: GB Press.

Two Authors
Reylado, M. R. and Sabando, J. M. (2017). Academic Institutions. Manila: National Bookstore.

Three Authors (List down the names in the order they appear in the title page.)
Regalaa, C. A., Bautista, C. C. and Laya, G. F. (2017). The Philippines’ Supreme Court Justice. Pasay City:
ABC Press.

Three or More Authors (Use the name of the first author listed on the title page.) Bora,
E. N. et al. ( 2016). BIR Regional Offices. Quezon City: Rex Bookstore.

Popular Magazines
Alamares, M. (March 2016). “The French cuisine.” Panorama, pp. 23–26. Paras, A. (May 8, 2016). “The 2016
ASEAN conference.” World Mission, p. 8.
Newspapers
Tan, C.S. “Posh subdivisions in Pasay City.” (2016). Philippine Daily Inquirer. 7 May. Manila Bulletin. (2017).
Editorial, 2 December. Malaya. (2016). Editorial, 18 July.

Theses, Dissertations, and Other Unpublished Works

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Parayno, R. D. (2016). “Meta-cognitive reading among basic learners.” Ph. D diss., U.P. Diliman.

Materials through Computers

1. Signed article in a magazine
Alegre, R. ( July 2016). “Social-media networks.” Personality growth. Retrieved from
http://www.inter.com/Jol/labor.htm/

2. Unsigned article in a magazine

“Unstructured interview. (August 2016).” Business Trends Magazine.
Retrieved from http://www.BusTRendscom/Bus Trends/Trends/ctshoot. htmlz.

3. Article in Journal
“Linguistic competence. (18 May 2016).” English Forum. Retrieved from http://www.jhu.edu/English Studies
Journal/vol.83/83.1strethson. htmlz.
4. Article in Newspaper
Davalos, J. “ The era of globalization.” (21 December 2016). New Daily Life Star. Retrieved from
http://www.nytimes.com/2016/26 world/28 MIDE. htmlz.
5. Online books
Silverman, F. D. (2016). American pragmatics. Retrieved from http: AMPRA 2etext2014
/14w 0310.

Methods in Citation (Murdoch University 2020)

Quoting (Murdoch University 2020)

Quotations must be identical to the original, using a small section of the source. Quotes match
the source document word for word and must be attributed to the original author. When quoting, the
relevant page number(s) must be given.
• If less than 40 words, quotations should be incorporated into the text of your essay or assignment
and enclosed within quotation marks. Use a single quotation mark to indicate previously quoted
material within your quotation:
She stated, "The 'placebo effect' ... disappeared when behaviors were studied in this manner" (Miele,
1993, p. 276), but she did not clarify which behaviors were studied.
Miele (1993) found that "'the placebo effect', which had been verified in previous studies,
disappeared when behaviors were studied in this manner" (p. 276).

• If 40 or more words, then the quotation should be indented as a block of text and the quotation
marks omitted. In this instance, the citation, in full or part form, appears after the final
punctuation mark:

Miele (1993) found the following:

The "placebo effect", which had been verified in previous studies, disappeared when behaviors were
studied in this manner. Furthermore, the behaviours were never exhibited again, even when reel
[sic] drugs were administered. Earlier studies (eg. Abdullah, 1984; Fox, 1979) were clearly
premature in attributing the results to a placebo effect. (p. 276)

• If information is left out, three dots ... must be used to show where the missing information goes.

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As Ballard and Clanchy (1988) have argued, "Learning within the university is a process of gradual
socialization into a distinctive culture of knowledge, and … literacy must be seen in terms of the
functions to which language is put in that culture" (p. 14).
Paraphrasing and Summarizing (Murdoch University 2020)

• Both paraphrasing and summarizing involve putting information from source material into
your own words.

• When paraphrasing, do not add your own opinion or use the original wording. The purpose
of paraphrasing is to express the ideas of others in your own words (i.e. your phrasing). Paraphrased
material may be shorter than the original passage, taking a larger section of the source and
condensing it slightly. When paraphrasing, you must cite the original source. Page numbers should
be given, to assist in locating the relevant passages within the source material.

• Summarizing also involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, which include the
main point(s) only. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and give a broad overview
of the source material. Once again, it is necessary to cite the original source. You are encouraged
to
include page or chapter numbers when summarizing, particularly if it will help your reader to locate
the relevant passage within a longer work.

• The following is an example of how to appropriately paraphrase and summarize to avoid plagiarism:

As stated in the seventh edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
(APA, 2020), the ethical principles of scientific publication are designed to ensure the integrity of
scientific knowledge and to protect the intellectual property rights of others. As the Publication
Manual explains, authors are expected to correct the record if they discover errors in their
publications; they are also expected to give credit to others for their prior work when it is quoted or
paraphrased (pp. 254-257).

Citing the whole of a document (Murdoch University 2020)

• Sometimes it may be necessary to give a general reference to the whole of a source document.
This method of referencing is used least often.

Sternberg (2006) explores the basics of cognitive psychology through its coverage of cognitive
neuroscience, attention and consciousness, perception, memory, knowledge representation,
language, problem solving and creativity, decision making and reasoning, cognitive development,
and intelligence.

Technique in synthesizing related literature from different sources

You have learned already the different methods of citations in writing any written material which is a
vital role in doing Review of Related Literature. This new lesson presents on how to write a synthesis
based on the materials gathered from the literature review

What is a synthesis?
Synthesis refers to the bringing together of materials from different sources, and the creation of an
integrated whole. In case of your research the “whole” is your structured review of relevant works
and your coherent argument for the study that you are doing. (Prieto, Naval and Carey 2017)

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The review of related literature and studies must contain substantial information to help in
understanding the subject or topic being written about and be guided to determine the gaps to be
filled in by the study undertaken. Finally, all information about the subject or problem discussed in
the review are presented, organized and summarized further in the synthesis. It is through the review
of literature that the research is able to connect the past with the findings of the present and shows
the difference between the data and information collected in the present study. (Prieto, Naval and
Carey 2017)

Techniques for Writing a Synthesis (Prieto, Naval and Carey 2017)

1. Summary – the simplest way of organizing a synthesis where you write one after the other
the most relevant information and sources you gathered.
2. Example or Illustration – it is a reference to a particularly illuminating example or illustration
that you have included in your review
3. Two (or more) Reasons – it is simply stating your thesis (main idea) then give reasons why it
is true. Your reasons need to be supported by evidence from your data and sources.
4. Comparison and contrast – it examine two subjects or data in terms of one another.
Comparison considers similarities while contrast highlights

Samples of Literature Review Synthesis

Taken from a literature review, “World War Two and its
Effect on Women” (http//writingcenter.fiu.edu/resource/synthesismatrix-2pdf)

While the articles used in this research agree that women made many advances during the World
War II period, it is crucial to realize that not all these changes were welcomed. In most cases women
faced discrimination from just about everyone around them. Women in the workplace were often
placed in positions of inferiority or treated with being less physically able to do the same work the
men did. Many women were often not trained because they were viewed as temporary employees
who were only there for the duration of the war (Bruley, 2003, pp.221-222). Women are very rarely
given equal pay as men, even though some of them did the same work. Women in the military faced
not only mental abuse but also physical harm from their male counterparts. According to Cornelsen
(2005), there were many instances where female aviators were injured or killed due to being made
to fly ill-maintained aircrafts or aircrafts that had been sabotaged. p114.

The sample shows not only the similarity between the two articles mentioned but it also points out to
how they are similar. The excerpt is not a summary of ideas but draws comparisons between the
two articles and synthesizing the two works.

REFERENCES

Baraceros, Esther L. . 2016. Practical Research 2. 856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc, Manila:
Rex Book Store, Inc.
Calmorin, Laurentina Paler. 2016. Research And Thesis Writing. Sampaloc Manila: Rex Book Store,
Inc.

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Creswell, John W. University of Nebraska–Lincoln. 2012. EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Planning,
Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research. 4th. 501 Boylston Street,
Boston, MA 02116: Pearson Education, Inc.
Fraenkel, Jack R, Norman E. Wallen, and Helen H. Hyun. 2012. How to Design and Evaluate
Research in Education. 8th. 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York: The McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc.
Murdoch University. 2020. APA Referencing Guide - Citation Methods. August 21.
https://libguides.murdoch.edu.au/APA.
Prieto, Nelia G, Victoria C Naval, and Teresita G Carey. 2017. PRACTICAL RESEARCH for Senior
High School. Cubao, Quezon City, Metro Manila: LORIMAR PUBLISHING, INC.

Activity Sheets
A. (For Objective 1) The following are some parts of the passage of a Review of Related Literature
of some studies. Identify each paragraph if it is a Related Legal Basis; Related Literature; or
Related Studies.

Title of Study: INFLUENCE OF BROKEN HOMES TO THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF

BAYBAY CITY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

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1. Several studies have been proven that broken homes have a detrimental effect on the academic
performance of the students. It is evident from the findings of Omoruyi (2014) that
singleparenting, socio economic status, and other forms of broken homes are significant
determinants of academic performance of the students. It is further explained that the
adolescents are experiencing emotional and intellectual adjustment within their selves because
of the challenges met at home.
Answer: ______________________________________________

2. Based on Simpson (2009) point of view, structurally, family differs from society to society. First
type of family is the nuclear family, which is composed of two parents, and their children. The
second type is the extended family in which grandparents and other relatives are already
included as part of the family. The third family unit is the single parent, in which children live with
an unmarried, divorced, or widowed father and mother. The latter is the situation related to the
problem of the society today which is termed as broken homes and the reason why there are
some challenged students’ in school.
Answer: ______________________________________________

3. The parents must provide their children the necessities of life such as food, shelter, education,
clothing, medical care, etc; but if they cannot, state laws will provide intervention in order to
complete the needs of the child (Parent and Child, 2009). It is in the “Philippine Constitution,
Republic Act No. 9344”, also known as “Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006” which states
that “The State recognizes the right of children to assistance, including proper care and nutrition,
and special protection from all forms of neglect, abuse, cruelty and exploitation, and other
conditions prejudicial to their development. It shall ensure that children are dealt with in a manner
appropriate to their well-being by providing for, among others, a variety of disposition measures
such as care, guidance and supervision orders, counselling, probation, foster care, education
and vocational training programs and other alternatives to institutional care.” Answer:
______________________________________________

4. According to Omorogiuwa (2016), marital instability influences students schooling adjustment

given parental socio-economic status, parental level of education, gender of student and school
class or level. The finding of the study indicates that low school adjustment of student often occur
due to the influences of marital instability, as a number of children’s academic potentials are now
confronted with increasing difficulties which places them at risk of poor academic achievement.
This finding is also in consonant with the work of Castro-Martin and Bumpass (2009) as cited by
Omoroguiwa (2016) that marital disharmony is a strong indicator to the academic adjustment
and achievement of children because they usually have a strong bond with the nuclear family,
most especially the parents and when there is an alteration in this relationship, it does affect the
children’s schooling (Ryan & Powelson, 2010).
Answer: ______________________________________________

5. Another cause of broken homes is because of death. When a mother/father dies, the strength of
the family would be lessen. When children realized that the mother/father is gone, they will feel
emotionally disturbed. Moreover, if the left partner lives a drastic life in search of happiness after
losing his/her partner, the results in the family could not be hale and hearty for the family life.
Then it starts to be broken. Another cause is the misconception between the members in the
home. Misconception, ruining and anger caused by drugs, abusing, drinking alcohol,
misbehavior, manner, and doing intoxicant things by the father would tend to break the
relationship of the person from the family. (Saikia , 2017)
Answer: ______________________________________________

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B. (For Objective 2) Base on your final research problem among your group, each member will
collect a hardcopy of each of the parts of the Review of Related Literature such as 1 Related
legal Basis; 1 Related Literature; and 1 Related Study. These printed materials should be the
original content and not yet paraphrased. The rubric below will be the basis for rating this activity.

5 4 3 2 1
Quantity Presented 3 Presented 3 Presented 3 Presented a Presented 1-2
hardcopies and hardcopies and hardcopies and total of 3 hardcopies but
all are relevant to only 2 are only 1 is hardcopies but none are
research relevant to relevant to none are relevant to
topic/problem research research relevant to research
topic/problem topic/problem research topic/problem
topic/problem
Accuracy The 3 hardcopies The 3 The 3 The 3 Presented 1-2
has a related hardcopies hardcopies lacks hardcopies does hardcopies but
legal basis, lacks a related a related legal not relates none relates to
related literature, legal basis basis and to all the parts of the parts of
and related study related literature RRL RRL

C. (For Objective 3) Distinguish the following in-text citation and references on the kind of format style
(MLA or APA) in citing relevant information. Write your answers on the right column

Citations/References Answers
1. (Santos et al., 2019)
2. Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." The New York Times, 22
May 2007, www.nytimes.com/2007/05 /22/ science/earth/22ander.html?_r=0.
Accessed 29 May 2019.
3. Kraizer, S. (2005). Safe Child. Retrieved February 29, from http.//www.safechild org.

4. (Dela Cruz 287)

5. Rollin, B.E (2006). Science and ethics. New York, NY: Cambridge University press.

6. Milken, Michael, et al. "On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New
Perspectives Quarterly, vol. 23, no. 4, 2006, p. 63.
7. Shulte, Bret. "Putting a Price on Pollution." US News & World Report, vol. 142, no. 17,
14 May 2007, p. 37. Ebsco, Access no: 24984616.
8. Rey, G. (2006) Behaviorism. In D.M. Borchert (Ed.) Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2 nd ed).
Retrieved from http//gogalegroup.com
9. (Esperanza 336)
10. (Villanueva, 2018)

D. (For Objective 4) GROUP ACTIVITY. This activity will be done along the process of writing the coherent
Review of Related Literature during the succeeding activities for this week. The group will cite properly
every content of the paragraph using APA format. This will be rated according to the rubric below.

Rubric for Citations

5 4 3 2 1
Quantity All paragraphs are 1-2 3-4 paragraph 5-6 paragraphs 7 paragraphs or
of provided with paragraph s have no have no all paragraphs
citations citations in APA have no citations citations don’t have
format citations citations

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Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion, Q3-Week 4(Do not write on this booklet)
 Quality of All methods of The The document The document The document
citations citations (quotations, document lacks two has only 1 does not have
paraphrasing/summar lacks one method of method of any method of
izing, citing the whole method of citation citation and not citations.
document) are citations in APA format
evident

E. (For Objective 5) Compare and contrast the following two passages taken from student
researchers. Describe and make a 250-word essay on the technique used in synthesizing related
literature. A rubric below will serve as your guide for this activity.

Student A:
Smith (2000) concludes that personal privacy in their living quarters is the most important factor in
nursing home residents’ perception of their autonomy. He suggests that the physical environment in
the more public spaces of the building did not have much impact on their perceptions. Neither the
layout of the building, nor the activities available seem to make much difference. Jones and
Johnstone make the claim that the need to control one’s environment is a fundamental need of life
(2001), and suggest that the approach of most institutions, which is to provide total care, may be as
bad as no care at all. If people have no choices or think that they have none, they become
depressed.

Student B:
After studying residents and staff from two intermediate care facilities in Calgary, Alberta, Smith
(2000) came to the conclusion that except for the amount of personal privacy available to residents,
the physical environment of these institutions had minimal, if any, effect on their perceptions of
control (autonomy). However, French (1998) and Haroon (2000) found that availability of private
areas is not the only aspect of physical environment that determines residents’ autonomy. Haroon
interviewed 115 residents from 32 different nursing homes known to have different levels of
autonomy (2000). It was found that physical structures, such as standardized furniture, heating that
could not be individually regulated, and no possession of a house key for residents limited their
feelings of independence. Moreover, Hope (2002), who interviewed 225 residents from various
nursing homes, substantiates the claim that characteristics of the institutional environment such as
the extent of resources in the facility, as well as its location, are features which residents have
indicated as being of great importance to their independence.

Short Essay:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

Rubric
Criteria 4 3 2 1
Content Writing shows Writing shows Writing shows Writing shows
strong and clear adequate little
clear understanding understanding understanding
understanding
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Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion, Q3-Week 4(Do not write on this booklet)
Organization Strong and Moderately Somewhat No
organized with Organized with organized; organization;
introduction, introduction, lacks lacks
body, and body, and introduction introduction
conclusion conclusion and conclusion

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Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion, Q3-Week 4(Do not write on this booklet)