TEACHING SOCIAL STUDIES IN ELEMENTARY GRADES

MODULE (PHILIPPINE HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT)

CHAPTER 3:
PRE-SPANISH PERIOD

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a.) describe the pre-Spanish period in the country
b.) compare the pre-Spanish period to other periods
c.) list different events and culture during pre-Spanish period

PRE-SPANISH PERIOD
Long before the arrival of the Spaniards, ancient Filipinos were living in scattered
barangays and ruled by different chieftains. Although, they were living separately, they
were similar in many ways, their religion, mode of dressing, houses, system of
government and marriage practices and economic activities, in short, they were refined
and civilized; they possessed a distinct culture that distinguish them from other race.

House
 Houses were made of light materials like
wood, bamboo and nipa palm.
 A ladder was placed to prevent strangers
from intruding when the owner was not
around.
 Strong post at the lower part of the house
was enclosed.
 A jar of heart was placed in a gallery called
“batalan.”
 Some of them built tree houses to protect
themselves against their enemies or from
being attacked by wild animals.

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 TEACHING SOCIAL STUDIES IN ELEMENTARY GRADES
MODULE (PHILIPPINE HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT)

Male Clothing
 Consisted of the upper and lower parts
o the upper part was a jacket with short sleeves called “kangan”
o the lower part was a strip of cloth wrapped around the waist and in
between legs called “bahag”
 males used a piece of cloth or a headgear called “putong”
o “putong” symbolized the number of persons the wearer had killed
Female Clothing
 They wore “baro or camisa,” a jacket with sleeves.
 The lower part was called “saya”

Government
 The government was called “barangay.”
 There was no national government.
 There were many independent barangays and datus.
 But there was no datu strong enough to unite the archipelago into one nation.
 Some barangays, however, united to form a confederation.
 It was headed by a ruler called datu or raja.

Taxation
 Ancient Filipinos started the practice of paying taxes.
 The collected tax was called “buwis.”

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 TEACHING SOCIAL STUDIES IN ELEMENTARY GRADES
MODULE (PHILIPPINE HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT)

Alliances
 Like community of nations, alliances among barangay were formed.
 The purpose of forming alliances was for trade, peace and mutual protection.
 An alliance was sealed through blood compact (Sanduguan), to ensure
conformity, sincerity and commitment of the chieftains.

Courtship and Marriage

 The man was required to give a dowry.
 “Bigay-kaya” was the type of dowry consisted of a piece of land or gold.
 The groom’s parent gave a gift called “panghimuyat.”
 “Himaraw” was another payment for raising the future bride during her infancy
period, to be paid by the groom’s parent also including the bride’s wet
nursereceived a share of dowry – it was called “bigay-suso.”

Religious beliefs
 Before Roman Catholism and Islam were introduced, natives worshipped many
gods and goddesses.
 They also believed in the immortality of souls and life after death.
 They also worshipped the sun and
the moon.

Superstitious beliefs
 natives believed in:
o aswang – witch
o dwende – tiny creatures like
humans
o kapre – tall and apelike
creatures smoking cigarettes,
usually found on trees

o mangkukulam – an old lady

capable of harming others
using a doll and a pin
o tikbalang – half man and half-
horse creature
o tiyanak – a baby that sucks blood on human
 They also believed in magical power of amulets and charms such as anting-
anting, kulam and the use of gayuma or love potion.

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 TEACHING SOCIAL STUDIES IN ELEMENTARY GRADES
MODULE (PHILIPPINE HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT)
Education
 To transmit knowledge, it was acquired through observation, imitation and
practice.
 The purpose of education during their time was for survival.

To have additional information, click the link below:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QEm4iNV1Mq8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pzjuSwyQxPc
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mP599d-Fq8I

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/811351689095658705/

REFERENCE https://www.pinterest.es/pin/423127327493439218/

https://princessballarta.wordpress.com/2016/03/07/the-pre-spanish-period/

https://www.slideshare.net/Kate_JRG/pre-spanish-period-in-the-philippines

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