FOR: duration of a period of time

 I have lived here for 16 years.

 They have been married for a long time.
 Karen has worked in the company for 9 months.
 Freddy has had his dog for 9 years.
 Elizabeth has met Veronica for 11 years.

SINCE: starting of the period of time

 I have lived here since 2005.
 They have been married since they were at the university.
 Karen has worked since March.
 Freddy has had his dog since 2013.
 Elizabeth has met Veronica since 2006.