8316 93 MM 0759670 O082 : EERE ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31 An American National Standard ASME B31G-1991 {REVISION OF ANSI/ASME B31G-1984) Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines A Supplement to ASME B31 Code for Pressure PipingASME 6316 9) MM 0759670 OOS29bb T mm AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME CODE FOR PRESSURE PIPING, B31 Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines A Supplement to ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping ASME B31G-1991 (REVISION OF ANSI/ASME B31G-1984) ® Mechanical Engineers 345 East 47th Street, New York, N.Y. 10017 —— COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B32G 9) MM 0759670 0082967 1 mm Date of Issuance: June 27, 1991 The 1991 edition of this Manual will be revised when public comment or Committee actions necessitate the issuance of a new edition, or it will be reviewed and reaffirmed 5 years from the date of approval of this edition. No addenda service is provided with this publication. Written interpretations of the requirements of this Manual will not be issued to the current edition. ASME Is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This code or stendard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for ‘American National Standards, The Consensus Committee thet approved the code or standard ‘was balanced to assure that Individuals from competent and concerned interests have had en ‘opportunity to perticipate, The proposed code or standard was made available for public raview and comment which provides an opportunity for addtional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, end the publlo-atlarge. 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[No part ofthis decument may be reproduced in eny form, In an electronio retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright © 1991 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All Rights Resorved Printed In the U.S.A. coEMaioHT 1996 anerscan Society of Mechanical RagineersASME 8326 91 M™ 0759670 0082968 3 mm FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of ASME B31G-1991,) It is recognized by pipeline companies that some sections of high pressure pipelines, particularly those installed a number of years ago, have experienced some corrosion. ‘Where corrosion is found, pipeline operators have been deeply concerned about the need for a method of determining the remaining strength of these corroded areas. If the corrosion does not penetrate the pipe wall, what is the pressure containing capability of the remaining pipe metal in terms of its ability to continue to operate safely at the maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) of the pipeline system? Thus, one of the needs of the pipeline industry has been a procedure that will help operators, partic- ularly field personnel, make decisions on existing pipelines, when exposed for any pur- pose, as to whether any corroded region may be left in service or whether it needs to be repaired or replaced, Such determinations must be based upon sound research and ex- tensive testing in order to provide safe and conservative guidelines on which to base field decisions. The Manual provides procedures to assist in this determination. Parts 2, 3, and 4 are based on Appendices G-6, G-7, and G-8 of the ASME Guide for Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems, 1983 Edition. They are included in this Manual for use by field operators to determine the remaining strength of corroded pipe. The technology is based on research done in the Columbus laboratories of the Battelle Memorial Institute; specifically, their report Summary of Research to Determine the Strength of Corroded Areas in Line Pipe, July 10, 1971. A revision to the 1984 edition of the Manual was undertaken in 1989. The revision includes a number of clarifications and corrections. The computer program presented in Appendix B and used to produce a printed table of maximum acceptable corrosion Jengths for a given pipe diameter, and up to ten wall thicknesses of that diameter, was, upgraded. ‘This Manual was approved by ASME and subsequently by the American National Standards Institute on May 20, 1991. COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B316 9] MM 0759670 0042969 5 mm ASME CODE FOR PRESSURE PIPING, B31 OFFICERS R. E, Felgel, Chairman L. E. Hayden, Jr., Vice Chairman C.J. Gomez, Secretary COMMITTEE PERSONNEL P. A, Bourquin, Wolff & Munier International, Hawthorne, New York A, J. Breugelmans, Lyndhurst, New Jersey J. D. Byers, Mobil Research & Development, Princeton, New Jersey J: Js Chappell, Anchor/Darling Valve Co., Williamsport, Pennsylvania L. F, Clyneh, CONOCO Mid-Continental Division, Ponca City, Oklahoma P. C, DuPernell, Lancaster, New York R. E, Felgel, Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Co., Hartford, Connecticut D. M. Fischer, Sargent & Lundy, Chicago, Illinois P. D. Flenner, Consumers Power Co., Jackson, Michigan P. H. Gardner, Hercules Inc., Wilmington, Delaware R. W. Haupt, Pressure Piping Engrg Associates Inc., Foster City, California LE, Hayden, Jr., Victaulle Company of America, Easton, Pennsylvania R. R. Hoffmann, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC B. P, Holbrook, Riley Stoker Corp., Worchester, Massachusetts H. M. Howarth, Trenton, New Jersey W. B. MeGehes, Spring, Texas A. 3. Shoup, Sr., Houston, Texas G, W. Spohn, Ill, Dixie Constructors, Inc., Gaffney, South Carolina H. A, Sosnin, Jenkintown, Pennsylvania D. H, Wade, Texas Utilities Electric Co., Dallas, Texas B31.8 GAS TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION PIPING SYSTEMS SECTION COMMITTEE A, J. Shoup, Sr. Chairman, Houston, Texas W. 8, McGehee, Vico Chairman, Spring, Texas ©. J. Gomez, Secretary, ASME, New York, New York W. 6, Aloxander, Shreveport, Louisiana R, J. T. Appleby, Exxon Co., USA Thousand Oaks, California J, E. Beech, Texas Gas Transmission Corp., Owensboro, Kentucky ©. Boshulzen, T. D. Williamson Inc., Tulsa, Oklahoma LE, Brooks, Delta Gulf Corp., Shreveport, Louisiana F. E. Buck, Grove Valve & Regulator Co., Oakland, California J. 8. Chin, ANR Pipeline Co., Detroit, Michigan W. L. Clayton, Entex Inc., Houston, Texas P. J. Cory, Bowie, Maryland iv COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers May 29,1998. 23:23:46 Information Handling Services, 1998ASME B31G 9) Mil 075970 0082570 1 Ml 1, Dean, Coneg Associates, Bellaire, Texas A.J. Del Buono, CML-Prineeton Ine., Princeton, Kentucky W. Denning, Texas Gas Transmission Corp., Owensboro, Kentucky J. Epperson, Texaco Inc., Bellaire, Texas ‘J. Fallon, Jt, Public Service Electric & Gas Co., Newark, New Jersey Fleot, Natural Gas Pipoline Company of America, Lombard, linois \. Francis, LTV Steel Tubular Produets Co., Youngstown, Ohio Goodholm, Visalia, California Hansford, Enron Gas Pipeline Operating Co., Houston, Texas Hicks, Endeco Engineering Consultants, Tulsa, Oklahoma Hisey, ARCO Transportation Alaska, Anchorage, Alaska A R E €. Hocking, Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line, Houston, Texas F R. e B A. Jonas, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 4. Kieffer, Union Carbide Corp., Tonawanda, New York . MetNorgan, Southern California Gas Co., Los Angeles, California ‘Macdonald, Upland, California Miller, Columbia Gas Systems Service Corp., Columbus, Ohio R PR M, J F M. P. J E J J A L E Mueller, OXY USA Inc, Tulsa, Oklahoma Mullens; Philips Petroleum Co., Bartesvlle, Oklahoma Price, Texas Eastern Gas Pipe Line Co., Harrisburg, Pennsylvania ‘Quinn, El Paso Natural Gas Co., El Paso, Texas Richardson, Tenneco Gas Transportation Co,, Houston, Texas. R, R P, L T. C.G. Roberts, Wiliams Brothers Engineering Co., Tulsa, Oklahoma J a A 0, R ‘A. Schmidt, Ladish Co,, Russolville, Arkansas ‘Taksa, Gulf interstate Engineering, Houston, Texas Tateosian, Walnut Creck, California ‘Tyler, Gulf Interstate Engineering Co,, Houston, Texas M. Wilkinson, Houston, Texes G. J. Wolf, Office of Pipaline Safety, U. S. Department of Transportation, Washington, District of Columbia R.A. Wolf, Transok Ine, Tulsa, Oklahoma M. Wood, Oklahoma Natural Gas Co., Tulsa, Oklahoma W. Wright, Sun Pipe Line Co., Tulsa, Oklahoma . Wright, Jr, Paola, Kansas 8. Zurcher, Panhandle Eastern Pipe Line Co., Houston, Texas O. D. M, D. Ww. A R. B c A H. J D. c a B31 COORDINATING COMMITTEE. D.M. Fischer, Chairman, Sargont & Lundy, Chicago, Ilinols C. J. Gomez, ‘Saeretary, ASME, New York, New York LE. Hayden, Jr, Viotaulic Company of Amorica, Easton, Pennsylvania R. R, Hoffmann, Faderal Energy Regulatory Commission, Washington, District of Columbia HA. Sosnin, Jenkintown, Pennsylvania B31 FABRICATION AND EXAMINATION TECHNICAL COMMITTEE P. D, Flenner, Chairman, Consumers Power Co, Jackson, Michigan ‘J; Gomez, Secratary, ASME, New York, New York DuPernell, Lancaster, New York Estllow, Newark, Delaware Hartsell, Fluor Daniel, Daas, Texas 3. Hopkins, E | duPont de Nemours & Co., Newark, Delaware . Nance, Evans, Georgia c. P.c. TE LE DG, AD. Ril, Seals, Berkeley, California H.A. Sosnin, Jenkintown, Pennsylvania COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME 8336 92 Ml 0759670 0062971 3 mm B31 MECHANICAL DESIGN COMMITTEE RW. Haupt, Chairman, Pressure Piping Engrg Associates inc, Foster City, California C.J, Gomez, Secretary, ASME, New York, New York JP, Breen, O'Donnell & Associates Inc., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ‘A.C. Drykewice, Bristol, Rhode Island JA, Grazlano, Farragut, Tennessee B. P, Holbrook, Riley Stoker Corp., Worcester, Massachusetts W. J. Koves, UOP inc., Des Plaines, Ilinois P. L. Lin, Fluor Engineers Ine, Chicago, ilinols T.Q, MeCawley, Charlotte, North Carolina E, Michalopoulos, Hartford Stoam Boller Inspection and Insurance Co, Hartford, Connecticut J. C, Minichieilo, ABB Impell Corp., Lincolnshire, tlinois A 1, W. Pickel, Jr, Martin Marietta Energy Systems Inc., Oak Ridge, Tennessee E.G, Reed, Babcock & Wilcox Co., Barberton, Ohio Truong, Houston, Taxas G. E, Woods, Kingwood, Texes c, c J D. Nance, Evans, Georgia aN. g, B31 CONFERENCE GROUP IM. . Bajandas, Department of Labor & Human Resources, Hato Ray, Puerto Rico R, Beaucamp, Department of Labor, Lincoln, Nebraska 4J. E, Brennan, Division of Boiler Inspection, Columbus, Ohio W, & Brown, State of Kansas, Shawnee Mission, Kansas . Bynog, Texas Department of Labor & Standards, Austin, Texas . Coomes, Department of Housing, Buildings, and Construction, Frankfort, Kentucky 2, ©, Cordero, Michigan Department of Labor, Lansing, Michigan J.C, Cvar, Division of Boiler Sefety, Dover, Delaware ‘A. W, Diamond, Department of Labour & Manpower, St. Johns, Newfoundland, Caneda IM. . Fitzpatrick, Department of Labour & Human Resources, Fredericton, New Bruns\ ‘J, W, Grosnawalt, Jr, Oklahoma Department of Labor, Oklahoma City, Oklshoma G. Grodook!, Ministry of Consumer & Commercial Relations, Toronto, Ontario, Canada R. D. Herman, Saskatchewan Labour, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada . W. Johansen, Publie Serviea Commission, Jefferson City, Missourl A. Justin, State of Minnesota, Saint Poul, Minnesota 4.7 Little, Industrial Commission of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona W. T, Malloy, Washington Utiities & Transportation Commission, Olympia, Washington R. G, Marini, New Hampshire Public Utilities Commission, Concord, New Hampshire |. W. Mault, Labour & Manpower, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada ‘A.W. Meiring, Department of Fire Prevention & Building Safety, Indl E. E, Morgen, Boiler Inspection Section, Denver, Colorado 4J.W. Morvant, Office of State Fire Marshal, Baton Rouge, Louisiana R. F, Mullaney, Boller & Pressure Vessel Safety Branch, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada W. A, Owen, North Dakota Public Service Commission, Blamarck, North Dakota W. M, Picardo, Department of Consumer & Regulatory Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia R, Sauve, Government of Quebeo, Montreal, Quabec, Canada P. Sher, Department of Public Unity Control, New Britain, Connecticut H. E. Shut, Iinois Commerce Commission, Springfield, tlinols R E D. R c. napolis, Indiana LL Smith, Public Service Commission, Columbie, South Carolina IM. L. Show, Jr, Department of Commerce and Insurance, Nashville, Tennessee - Sparrow, Bureau of Pipeline Safety, Newark, New Jersey Sturema, lowa State Commerce Commission, Des Moines, lowa P. Sullivan, Department of Labor, Augusta, Maine W. Thompson, Department of Labor, Litle Rock, Arkansas J L. Smith, Alberta Department of Labout, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASNE B32G 9) MH 0759670 0082972 5 mm lusty, Harrisburgh, Pennsylvania R. W. Vindich, Department of Labor & I u n, Montgomery, Alabama .E, Waldrop, Public Sarvico Commis .H. Walters, Boiler & Elevator Programs, Portland, Oregon M,W. A. West, Department of Fisherias & Labour, Charlottetown, Pringe Edward Island, Canada T. F, Wickham, Department of Labor, Providence, Rhode Island R.A. Yeo, Department of Labour and Manpower, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B31 NATIONAL INTEREST REVIEW GROUP ‘Aluminum Association — W. W. Pritsky ‘American Boiler Manufacturers Association ~ A. J. Fletcher American Institute of Chemical Engineers — W. C. Carnell American Iron and Stee! Institute ~ J. R. Pegues ‘American Petroleum Institute, Division of Refining ~ H. M. Howarth ‘American Pipe Fiting Assoclation — J. Thielsch American Society of Heating, Refrigeration & Alr Conditioning Engineers ~ H.R, Kornblum ‘American Welding Society ~ H. A. Sosnin Chemical Manufacturers Association — D. R. Frikken Compressed Gas Association — M, F. Melchioris, Copper Development Association — A, Cohn Ductile iron Pipe Research Association ~ T. F. Stroud Edison Electric Institute — RL. Williams International District Heating Association ~ G. Von Bargen ‘Manufacturers Standardization Soclety of the Valve and Fittings Industry ~ R. A. Schmidt Mechanical Contractors Association of America — W. E. Maloney National Association of Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors — R. . White National Association of Regulatory Utlity Commissioners ~ D. W. Snyder National Fire Protection Association ~ T. C. Lemoff Notional Fluid Power Association — H. Anderson Naval Sea Systoms Command ~ 7. W. Hull Pipe Fabrication Institute — L. Katz Slurry Transport Association — P. E. Snoek Society of Ohio Safety Engineers — J. M, Holleran Valve Manufacturers Association ~ R. A. Handschumacher COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B316 9) MM 0759670 0082973 7 CONTENTS Foreword ..... ane penne iti Personnel — iv Part 1 Introduction Pee 1 ad Scope 5 1 1.2 Limitations ticeeseneeeee 1 1.3 Initial Development 2 14 Methodology and Research Procedures . 2 1S How to Use the Manual . eee 3 1.6 ‘The Meaning of Acceptance . 5 7 Other Means of Determining Safe Pipeline Operating Pressure eee 5 18 Computer Programs a g Figures Fig. 1-1 Parabolic Criteria for Classifying Corrosion Defects According to Predicted Failure Stress .. 4 Fig. 1-2 Procedure for Analysis of Corroded Pipe Strength ....cccee see 6 Part 2 Determination of Maximum Allowab! Longitudinal Extent of Corrosion........ 9 Figures Fig. 2-1 Corrosion Parameters Used in Analysis .... 10 Fig. 2-2 Curve for Determining the Value of B . 1 Part 3 Tables for Corrosion Limits . 13 Tables ‘Table 3-1 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > NPS 2 and < NPS 6 14 Table 3-2 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > NPS 6 and < NPS 10 ..... aon 15 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engine: May 29, 1998 23:24:37 Information Handling Services, 1998ASME 8346 92 MM 0759670 OO82974 9 mw Table 3-3 Values of L for Pipe Sizes = NPS 10 and < NPS 16 ...cssseccseessseesssees 16 Table 3-4 Values of L for Pipe Sizes = NPS 16 and < NPS 20 ..ecssssscssssseeeessseeeeess 7 Table 3-5 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > NPS 20 and < NPS 24 cose 18 Table 3-6 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > NPS 24 and < NPS 30 ...essssessesssseeeeess 19 Table 3-7 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > NPS 30 and < NPS 36 . Seaeeee 0 Table 3-8 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > NPS 36 and < NPS 42. = 21 Table 3-9 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > NPS 42 and < NPS 48 . soseenseee 2 Table 3-10 Values of L for Pipe Sizes and < NPS 52... oF 6 Table 3-11 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > and < NPS 56 ..eesssesesseseeeeess 30 Table 3-12 Values of L for Pipe Sizes > NPS 56 and < NPS 60 ..... 5 34 Part 4 Evaluation of MAOP in Corroded Area 39 41 Computation of A . : 39 42 Computation of P’ . 39 43 MAOP and P’. 2 Figures Fig. 41 Curve for Obtaining P’ as a Function of d/t for Values of A Less Than or Equal 04.0 ...0cscecsecceee 40 Fig. 4-2 P’as.a Function of dit for Values of A Greater ‘Than 4.0 «2... seeeeseeeee sete AL Appendices Appendix A BASIC Computer Program, CRVL.BAS, for Determining Allowable Length L (Part 2) or Alternative Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (Part 4) ... a Appendix B BASIC Computer Program, CRLGTHU.BAS, Used in Generating Tables Like Those Which Ate Printed in Part 3 . 51 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B3LG 91 MM 0759670 0082975 0 mm ASME B31G-1991 att PART 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 SCOPE ‘The scope of this Manual includes all pipelines within the scope of the pipeline codes that are part of ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping, i.e, ASME B31.4, Liquid Trans- portation Systems for Hydrocarbons, Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhydrous Ammonia, and Alcohols; ASME B31.8, Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems; and ASME. B31.11, Slurry Transportation Piping Systems. Parts 2, 3, and 4 are based on material included in ASME Guide for Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems, 1983 Edition, This Manual is not applicable to new construction covered under the B31 Code Sec- tions. That is, itis not intended that this Manual be used to establish acceptance standards for pipe that may have become corroded prior to or during fabrication and/or installation. ‘This Manual is intended solely for the purpose of providing guideline information for the designer/owner/operator. Thus, the specific use of this Manual is the responsibility of the designer/owner/operator. 1.2 LIMITATIONS (a) This Manual is limited to corrosion on weldable pipeline steels categorized as carbon steels or high strength low alloy steels. Typical of these materials are those de- scribed in ASTM A $3, A 106, and A 381, and API SL. (The current API SL includes all Grades formerly in API SLX and SLS.) (0) This Manual applies only to defects in the body of line pipe which have relatively smooth contours and cause low stress concentration (e.g, electrolytic or galvanic corro- sion, loss of wall thickness due to erosion). (c) This procedure should not be used to evaluate the remaining strength of corroded girth or longitudinal welds or related heat affected zones, defects caused by mechanical damage, such as gouges and grooves, and defects introduced during pipe or plate man- ufacture, such as seams, laps, rolled ends, scabs, or slivers, (d) The criteria for corroded pipe to remain in service presented in this Manual are based only upon the ability of the pipe to maintain structural integrity under internal pressure, It should not be the sole criterion when the pipe is subject to significant sec- ondary stresses (¢.g., bending), particularly if the corrosion has a significant transverse component. (¢) This procedure does not predict leaks or rupture failures. COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers‘ASME B316 91 MM O755670 0082976 2 mm ed ASME B31G-1991 1.3 INITIAL DEVELOPMENT In the late 1960s, a major long-lines gas transmission pipeline company in conjunction with the Battelle Memorial Institute in Columbus, Ohio, began a research effort to examine the fracture initiation behavior of various kinds of corrosion defects in line pipe. ‘This included determining the relationship between the size of a defect and the level of internal pressure that would cause the defect to leak or rupture. The testing by the gas pipeline company and Battelle demonstrated that there was indeed a possibility of de- veloping methodology and procedures to analyze varying degrees of corrosion of existing pipelines. From this, an operator could make a valid determination as to whether the pipelines could safely remain in service or should be repaired or replaced. As the aware- ness of this research program grew, other transmission companies began to express con- siderable interest. Beginning in the early 1970s, the American Gas Association (AGA) Pipeline Research Committee assumed responsibility for this activity and began developing methods for predicting the pressure strength of line pipe containing various sizes of corrosion defects. The overall objective of these experiments was to examine the fracture initiation be- havior of various sizes of corrosion defects by determining the relationship between the size of a defect and the level of internal pressure that would cause a leak or rupture. 1.4 METHODOLOGY AND RESEARCH PROCEDURES ‘The procedure contained in this Manual is based upon pressuring actual corroded pipe to failure in an extensive series of full-size tests. Since there was pipe available that had been removed from service and that had sustained corrosion damage, it seemed more logical to test these full-size, actual field specimens, either in place or in a large, full- scale test cell, rather than base these guidelines upon purely laboratory tests using ma- chined defects. Several hundred full-scale pipe tests were conducted on all types of defects to establish general defect behavior. Mathematical expressions to calculate the pressure strength of corroded pipe materials were developed on the basis of these ex- tensive tests. These mathematical expressions, although semiempirical, were founded upon well established principles of fracture mechanics. The basis principle of fracture mechanics is that the resistance of the material to unstable fracturing in the presence of a defect is related to the size of the defect and an inherent metal property called tough- ness. The tougher the material, the larger the flaw that can be tolerated before failure will occur. Also, the bigger the defect, the lower the pressure at which a leak or rupture will occur. These two features may seem obvious, but they form the basis of fracture mechanics in terms of determining the real strength of pipe containing defects. During 1970 and 1971, 47 pressure tests were conducted on several pipe sizes to evaluate the effectiveness of the mathematical expressions in determining the strength of corroded areas. The diameter of the pipe material examined ranged from 16 in, through 30 in. and wall thickness varied from 0.312 in, through 0.375 in. The pipe ma- terials have ranged in yield strength from about 25,000 psi for API SL Grade A-25 to about 52,000 psi for SLX Grade X-52. ‘The mathematical expressions developed from the earlier experiments have been mod- ified based on later test results and now provide reliable estimates of the failure pressures for corrosion defects over the range of materials covered in this study. The experiments COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers May 29, 1998 23125408 Information Handling Services, 1998ASME B31G 9% M™ 0759670 0082977 4 mal ASME Ba1G-1991 48 on corroded pipe indicated that line pipe stcels have adequate toughness and that the toughness is not a significant factor. The failure of blunt corrosion flaws is controlled by their size and the flow stress ot yield stress of the material Figure 1-1 shows the relationship between the full-size test failures and the criterion for acceptance of corrosion pits in line pipe. The criterion is that they shall withstand a pressure equal to a stress level of 100% of the specified minimum yield stress (SMYS). ‘The Figure is based on an assured parabolic profile of the corroded regions and presents the maximum corrosion depth, divided by the pipe wall thickness, plotted against the corrosion length, divided by the square root of the pipe radius times wall thickness. Bach of the data points plotted represents one full-size pipe experiment on corroded pipe, and the number next to the data point represents the stress at failure pressure expressed as percent SMYS. There are only 3 data points (experiments) that failed at pressure levels below 100% SMYS, indicating the lack of severity of corrosion defects in general (note that all three would be rejected by this criterion). ‘The solid line shown on the Figure is the line that identifies failure pressures of less than 100% SMYS, There are a number of data points that are below this line, but all of them represent failures above 100% SMYS. The fact that these are above 100% SMYS simply indicates that the criterion is very conservative. The acceptable region in the plot is the shaded region below and to the left of the solid line. The Tables in Part 3 are based on corrosion depths and lengths determined by this solid line, Corrosion pits that have depths and lengths that fall above the curve are not acceptable, in accordance with the criteria presented herein, and the operating pressure either has to be reduced, or the corrosion pit removed or repaired. 1.5 HOW TO USE THE MANUAL Part 2, Determination of Maximum Allowable Longitudinal Extent of Corrosion, sets forth the equations for determining the severity of the corroded areas. It tells the operator how to measure the longitudinal extent and maximum depth of the corroded areas. One can then use Eq. (2) of Part 2 to determine if the corroded area is serious. However, it is recognized that most field operators will prefer a simpler method of evaluating a corroded area. Therefore, Part 3, Tables for Corrosion Limits, evaluates Eq. (2) and places the results in tabular form. This allows the field operator to make decisions simply by going to a table after measuring the longitudinal extent and maximum depth. of the corroded area and making a choice. Locate the table appropriate for the pipe O.D. and wall thickness. Look down the left column and find the depth of corrosion that is equal to or the next number larger than the measured maximum depth of the corroded area. Read across to the column headed by the wall thickness or next number lower than the pipe’s nominal wall thickness to determine the maximum allowable longitudinal extent of the corroded area for the depth of corrosion. If the measured longitudinal extent of the corroded area is equal to ot less than the maximum allowable longitudinal extent of the corroded area determined from the Table, the pipe strength is suitable for the present MAOP! and is capable of con- ing a test pressure that will produce a stress of 100% SMYS of the pipe material “As used inthis manval, the term MAOP shall represent maximum steady state operating pressure for pipelines within the scope of ASME B31.4 and ASME B31.11 and maximum allowable operating pressure for pipelines Within the scope of ASME B31.8, COPYRIGHT 1996 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B3LG 91 MM 0759670 0082978 & ml Fig. 141 10 8 6 4p ‘sa2149 10M BGlo/yidep Uo}s01H00 LINKIN COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASME B31G-1991 Corrosion length/ (pipe radius X wall thickness)"/2, LFF PARABOLIC CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFYING CORROSION DEFECTS. FIG, 11 ACCORDING TO PREDICTED FAILURE STRESS.OQ) OO eeSOO ASME B31G 9) MM 0759670 0082979 6 a ASME B31G-1991 15-18 The tables produce results which may be more conservative than Eq. (2) of Part 2, ‘The tables could show that the corroded area is unsuitable for the current MAOP, but Eq. (2) may show that it is. Therefore, it is possible for the corroded region to be rejected by the tables, but found suitable by using Eq. (2). If the tables and Eq. (2) both show the corroded region to be unsuitabe, it may still be possible to establish suitability by one of the methods mentioned in para. 1.7. Another alternative would be to lower the MAOP of the pipeline, if permitted by operating conditions. Part 4 can be used to determine a lower MAOP that has the same safety factor provided by Parts 2 and 3. Regardless of which alternative is chosen, in all cases where the corroded region is to be left in service, ‘measures should be taken to arrest further corrosion, Such measures should include coating the corroded region and, if indicated, increasing the cathodic protection level. Figure 1-2 , Procedure for Analysis of Corroded Pipe Strength, shows the steps nec- essary to proceed through the evaluation of a corroded area on a pipeline in order to determine if any corrective action is needed. The steps shown in the dashed boxes are valid means of determining a safe operating pressure (or MAOP), but the procedures for conducting these steps or the acceptance levels are not in this Manual. 1.6 THE MEANING OF ACCEPTANCE (a) Any corroded region indicated as acceptable by the criteria of this Manual for service at the established MAOP is capable of withstanding a hydrostatic pressure test that will produce a stress of 100% of the pipe SMYS. (b) Any corroded region indicated as acceptable for service at a reduced MAOP is capable of withstanding a hydrostatic pressure test at a ratio above the MAOP equal to the ratio of a 100% SMYS test to 72% SMYS operation (1.39:1). If a larger ratio is desired, the reduced MAOP can be adjusted accordingly. 1.7 OTHER MEANS OF DETERMINING SAFE PIPELINE OPERATING PRESSURE (a) The operator can make a more rigorous analysis of the corroded area to determine the remaining strength by performing a fracture mechanics analysis based upon estab- lished principles and practices using the actual profile of the corroded region. (6) The operator can reestablish the MAOP by a complete hydrostatic pressure test that produces a minimum stress of 100% SMYS, or establish a lower MAOP based on the pressure of a successful test conducted at a lower pressure. (c) The procedures and acceptance criteria for conducting these alternative accept- ance tests, either fracture mechanics analysis or hydrostatic tests, are not included in this Manual. 1.8 COMPUTER PROGRAMS Appendix A is a BASIC computer program, CRVL.BAS, developed by Mr. Richard L, Seifert and is based on the equations in Parts 2 and 4. It can be used to expedite the evaluation procedure. Several examples of the program output are shown. COPvRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers. May 29, 1998 23:25:50 Information Handling Services, 1998ASME B3LG 92 MM 0759670 0082980 4 mm ASME B31G-1991 Fig. 4-2 Measure maximum Greater depth of corroded area than 80% jand compare to nominal 10% or less wall thick Between tana 80% Treasure tenath | | ongitudinal reser | | extentof the thanvaiue |) corroded a ‘tom [and compare to thevalue or | | spproprate appropriate ube table Pat's Fore compare MAOP aor to maximum prosoure pe? [aor teleuloted teomonueten | F Cpuon wpertorm | tion opertorm aes i ease tore rigorous focture tage * | rcones ely 1 oa repair or aoe replace — [——_ choice, ~F—— MAOP Port 4 Les Conte or \ Pressure redvce MAO? [Mee FE edonest I) u Lo 4 Arrest furthor sand return to-service FIG.1-2 PROCEDURE FOR ANALYSIS OF GORRODED PIPE STRENGTH COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME 8346 9) MM™ 0759670 008258) b Ma ASME B216-1901 18 Appendix B is a BASIC computer program, CRLGTHU.BAS by Mr. Seifert, which is an upgrade of CRLGTHLBAS, which was contained in the first printing of this Manual. CRLGTH.BAS was used to produce some of the tables in Part 3. It required that the BASIC program be modified slightly each time it was used. The new program CRLGTHU.BAS docs not require modification. It will produce a printed table of max- imum acceptable corrosion lengths for a given pipe diameter, and up to ten wall thick- nesses of that diameter, An example of a printed table by this program is included at the end of Appendix B. Both CRVL.BAS and CRLGTHU.BAS were written in BASIC for a specific computer/ printer combination and can be utilized by most state-of- the-art microprocessors. How- ever, minor modifications may be necessary for use on other equipment or for other purposes. ‘These computer programs are reproduced herein solely for the convenience of the Manual user, and ASME and the auther make no claims as to their accuracy or effec- tiveness, COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersEE EE eEO7OO ASME B31G 91 MM 0759670 0082982 8 ASME 8316-1991 Part 2 PART 2 DETERMINATION OF MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LONGITUDINAL. EXTENT OF CORROSION The depth of a corrosion pit may be expressed as a percent of the nominal wall thickness of the pipe by: % pit depth = 100d/t wo where d =measured maximum depth of the corroded area, in., as shown in Fig. 2-1 # =nominal wall thickness of the pipe, in. Additional wall thickness required for concurrent external loads shall not be included in the calculations. A contiguous corroded area having a maximum depth of more than 10% but less than 80% of the nominal wall thickness of the pipe should not extend along the longitudinal axis of the pipe for a distance greater than that calculated from: L = 1.12BVDi @Q) @ may also be determined from Tables 3-1 through 3-12 in Part 3.) where L =maximum allowable longitudinal extent of the corroded area, in., collinear with Ly, in Fig. 2-1 nominal outside diameter of the pipe, in. value which may be determined from the curve in Fig. 2-2 or from: dit — 0. 3) e except that B may not exceed the value 4. If the corrosion depth is between 10% and 17.5%, use B = 4.0 in Eq. (2). COPvRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers. May 29, 1998 23:26:30 Information Handling Services, 1998ASME B31G 92 MM 0759670 0082983 Longitudinal axis of pi ‘enone ete Ly: Measured longitudi corroded area Measured maximum depth of corrosion FIG, 2-1 CORROSION PARAMETERS USED IN ANALYSIS 10 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers ‘a ASME 8316-1001ASME 8316 9) M™ 0759670 0082584 1 mm ASME 8316-1991 Fig. 2.2 B64 4 x — a e oh [ it0h = 0.418 e = 2 - - 1 ° 02 04 06 08 oh FIG. 2-2. CURVE FOR DETERMINING THE VALUE 8 u COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersON Se OEE EOE OOO ee ASME B316 91 MM 0759670 0082985 3 i ASME B31G-1991 Part 3 PART 3 TABLES FOR CORROSION LIMITS ‘The tables in this Part are calculated from the equations in Part 2. They provide a ready reference of maximum corrosion lengths for a spectrum of pipe diameters, wall thicknesses, and pit depths. These Tables may be used to determine the maximum al- lowable longitudinal extent of a contiguous area of corrosion as given in Part 2. (a) The corroded area must be clean to bare metal. Care should be taken when clean- ing corroded areas of a pressurized pipeline. (6) Measure the maximum depth of the corroded area d and the longitudinal extent of the corroded area as shown in Fig. 2-1. (c) Determine the size (NPS) of the pipe and nominal wall thickness. (d) Turn to the page in the Table corresponding to the size (NPS) of the pipe. (e) Locate the row showing a depth equal to the measured maximum depth of the corroded area. If the exact measured value is not listed, choose the row showing the NEXT GREATER DEPTH. (f) Scan across to the column showing the wall thickness of the pipe. If the nominal wall thickness is not listed, use the column for the NEXT THINNER WALL. The value L found at the intersection of the wall thickness column and depth row is the maximum allowable longitudinal extent of such a corroded area. (g) The tables in Part 3 produce results which may be more conservative than those obtained from the equations in Part 2. Therefore, the tables could show that a given corroded area is unsuitable for the current MAOP, but the use of the equations in Part 2 may show that it is acceptable. 13 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers May 29, 1990, 23:26:40 Information Handling Services, 1998ASME B3%G 9) MM 0759670 OO8298b 5 mm Tobie 31 [ASME B31G-1991 TABLE 3-1 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 2 AND < NPS 6 Deoth, Wall Thickness, ¢ in ain 0.003009 0.125 oat OSH .72 0.188 0.8 001 2 ; “ ; ; 0.02 Se Teese 0.03 ‘ * MMe HG aM 0.04 % % % 1% Mm hh 0.95 Ho i we a he 0.06 % % % % Teese 007 te he % % he 1 008 ca * te % "he he 0.09 a a % he % % 010 om ok Ye % 4 Me oat he % 7 oxz Hs 0.13 ona = 015 — 0.16 : 0.17 4 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASNE B31G 91 MM 0759670 0082987 ? a ASME B31G-1991 Table 2-2 TABLE 3-2 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 6 AND < NPS 10 Depth, Wall Thickness, tin. din 0.083 0.125 0.156 0.188 0203 0.219 0250 0.312 0.010 3h 0.020 1% he a 5 0.030 % v% 3% 5 She > 5h 0.040 % % V% 2H % 5M he 0.050 % eV Whe 2H ™ wh Bh 0.060 he Te Vhs % De eh 0.070 con "he 1% Phe Meh a 0.080 : e v% ™% he Y% 26 0.030 : uM 1 1% ™% 1% ™% 0.100 he % 1 1% M% 2 0.110 "he * v 1% Y% 0.120 % he mh ve 0.130 a "he % % he Vie 0.140 , : % "he he eh 0.150 toe se % % % M% 0.160 ve 5 %e he "he Dla 0.170 % vm 0.180 The 0.190 1 0.200 She 0210 a % 0.220 "he 0230 he 0.240 1s COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B36 9 MM 0759670 0082988 9 mm Table 3-3 ASME B31G-1991 TABLE 3-3 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 10 AND < NPS 16 Depth, Wall Thickness, & in. in. 0.156 0.219 0.250 0.307, 0.344.365 0.438 (0.500 0,020 5P%e cee aa 0.030 he 6% ™% 5 0.040 he SMe ™% 8% 8% . foe 0.050 ™ 3% Me 8% w% am o% 10% 0.060 The he mH 5% 8% a A 10% 0.070 The 2h 2% wh 5% 6% % 10% 0.080 Me 1h. 2% 3%e Phe wh B% 10% 0.090 Me V%e 1% 2h 3% 3" 6% % 0.100 he Vie 1% Bhs 3 3% a%e 6% 0.110 % Vhs Vs De 2% ah Sth (0.120 "he We Vhs 2 2% ae ae 0.130 1 We We Be 2% he a% 0.140 4 % We 2 2%e 3%e 0.150 » % 1%e v8 he 3h 0.160 he Me Ve m% he she 0.170 % 1 1% 1% 1h 2h 0.180 "he Te Ve he 2% 2% 0.190 %* 1% VAs 1% 2% 2 0.200 he % 1% 1% 2 2he 0.210 Yh Vs Vhs Vh he 0,220 The 1% 1% he 2% 0.230 1 Phe Ve 1% 2” 0.240 he 1% ™ 1% Me 0.250 he Me 1% 1h 0.260 cn Me % 1% v% 0.270 1 Te Vhs The 0.280 5 Ve Vie m% 0.290 1 Ps he 0.300 5 a Ve 1% 0.310 5 A % Te 0.320 Phe % 0.330 1% Vie 0.340 % 1% 0.350 : %. % 0.360 Ve 0.370 5 Tm” 0.380 1% 0.390 The 0.400 Ve 0.410 coRYRIGHT 1998 Aperican Society of Mechanical Engineers 16 Information Handling Services,ASME B36 91 MM 0759670 0082989 0 mm ASME B31G-1991 Table 3-4 TABLE 3-4 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 16 AND < NPS 20 Depth, Wall Thickness, in. din 0.188 0.250 031203440375 0.438 0.500 0.625 0.20 ™ 0.030 ™% Be 0.040 a4 8% oe 0.050 Me 6 os Wh 12 0.060 2% 4 ton Whe 12% 0.070 2 3h o% B% Ve Te 0.080 m Py 5k om nr 0.090 % 2% ah 5th Th Whee 0.100 Ye m 40 6 Be he oto Mm 3% 3h 6m ea 0120 % 2h 5A «10% 0.130 Me 2a 4 She 8% 0.140 Me Phe 2% ah *% The 0.150 * 6 2% 2 3% 4h 6 0.160 The 2 Bi 3% 3h 54 0.170 > Phe 2 2a 2% oh 0.180 : oN vw. 2 2 3h 5 0.190 The ye 2 he he + 0.200 1 cn 3 os 0.210 1% Phe 2 2m 4h 0220 : The v ie 2a 0.230 : ™ Phe 2% Phe 0.240 Mh m% 2 2% 0.250 . he Te 2h 0.260 : 1% vw 2% 0270 : Phe Te De 0.280 MH 28 3 0.290 t% De rm 0.300 We 0.310 oo v 2h 0320 Te Dh 0.330 ™% 2% 0.340 Whe De 0.350 Wie 0.360 = - : 1% De 0.370 . 1% 2 0.380 oe "% De 0.390 - G Th 26 0.400 : he Die 0.410 2 0.420 GoDOONN ococo Ve 0.430 fee tee VY 040 fon , v% 0.450 foe : 1% 0.460 moon 1% 0.470 [ED eee he 0.480 5 ne Me 0.490 anes : 5 % 0.500 M%e 0510 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersTable 35 ASNE B33G 91 MM 0759670 0082990 ? Ml TABLE 3-5 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 20 AND < NPS 24 ASME B31G-1991 Depth, Wal Thickness, tin, din 0219 0250 0.344 0.405 0.469 0.500 05620625 0.030 9% 10 0.040 BM 10 1% 0.050 % Oe Me TH, 14%. 0.060 i 1 BS 0.070 3M he MBS 15% 0.080 Be wh BOM he 15 155% 0.090 heh 6% 1D. 12e 15 15% 0.100 Pi he She The MTA 15% 0.110 ™ 3 om Pe 10% 15% 0.120 Mie 3h 4h ee Be 1% 10.130 vm me 8 3h 5% The oe 0.140 % Me he 5h ee Be 0.150 M he De 3 % 5m The 0.160 The Vie Dh 3Me a 5%. eo 0.170 Me % 2% Zh Bis a%e Bie (0.180 ™% 2 20 Be a oe 0.190 Phe 2 2 3h he he 0.200 M% Th Ihe 2 ae +6 0210 he Phe he vA he 0.220 Whee 3h 4 the 0.230 ve 2 2h 3% + 0.240 The 2 2 he 36 0.250 i % 1% he 2 Phe % 0.260 Yhe v% 2he he 3Me 3% 0.270 vh rm 2% Bho De The 0.280 Oh 2h 2. he 0.290 on % 2M 2M ™% Be 0.300 1% 2 Mh 34 0310 M% 1% Be 3 0.320 The vr 2Me Phe 2 0.330 1% 2 2 2h 0.340 % Viet 2% 0.350 5 Ve Th 2M 2% 0.360 ; 1% Ve Dh Phe 0.370 ; The ™% 2H 2 0380 Whe he The 0390 % 2 > 0.400 Th Whe De 0.10 Th 2% 0.820 hehe 0.430 M% 2 0.440 M% 2e 0.450 2 0.460 Ve 0.470 on Whe 0.480 ve 0.490 he 0.500 M% 0.510 18 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers0 OO EE EOE ASME B31G 91 MM 0759670 0082591 9 mm ASME B31G-1991 Table 3-6 TABLE 3-6 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 24 AND < NPS 30 Depth, Wall Thickness, ¢ in. in, 0.250 0.312 0.375 0.438 04690500 0.562—(0.625 0.030 " = cee 0.040 " 124 13% 5 oer 0.050 7s 12% 13% 14% 15 15% 0.060 Be he 13% 14% 15 15% 16%« a 0.070 4 he 10% 14% 15 15% 16%s 1% 0.080 3% on 7 12% 15 15% 16% 17% 0.090 he whe o% o% 11%. 14 16% 1% 0.100 2% 3M SM 7% BM%e 10% 15% 17% 0.110 2” 3% a 6% ™% Bhe 11% 0.120 2% Me an 5% 6M Phe o% 0.130 2 De 3% ae She oe am 0.140 1h he he ane She 50 The o% 0.150 We 2 he a% a 5% oe he 0.160 1% 2% 3 30% aM wh we 0.170 Ws 2% 2%e 3% 4 Whe She 6% 0.180 % 2 2% 3% 3 wh 3% om 0.190 1%e v% 2% 3%e 3% a 4% 5M 0.200 % % 2% 3 Be 3M%e Pre Se 0.210 "he 2% 3% 3% ae 5 0.220 Te 2% 3 3% 4 aM 0.230 Tm! 2% he 2 3%e 3% a 0.240 Vie 1% 2% 2% 3%e 3% ae 0.250 1% 2% 2h 3% a 0.260 4 2% he 3% 36 0.270 Ie 2e Phe 2" he 3%e 0.280 1% 2% De Dre 3% 3% 0.290 1%. 2 2% 2% 3 3% 0.300 1% V6 De Pa 2% 3% 0.310 v% 2M he 2! 3% 0.320 Whe 2 2% 2h 3Me 0.330 Mh The De 2% 30 0.340 % 2% 2% 3 0.350 he 2%e Phe 2 0.360 m% 2 2% 2% 0.370 We ihe De 2% 0.380 TH 2% 2 0.390 1 he De he 0.400 1% 2% 2% 0.410 he he 0.420 2% 0.430 Ve he 0.440 v% 2% 0.450 he 0.460 2% 0.470 2% 0.480 he 0.490 2 0.500 1% 0.510 19 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers May 29, 1990) 23427433 Information Handling Services, 1998COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers qobiee7 ASME B3LG° 9b MM 0759670 OO82992 0 Ml pve paic-too1 TABLE 3-7 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 30 AND < NPS 36 Depth, Wall Thickness tin in 02500312 037504380500 062s. 0.030 12% , 0.040 12% 13% 15 : : 0.050 Bhe 13% 16% 17% 0.060 Ste 10% 16% 17% 0.070 % Phe 16% 17% 194, 20% 0.080 4 17% 19% 20% 0.090 10H 150% 19% 20% 0.100 Bhe 1% 20% 0.110 7 othe 20% 0.120 6% Bie 20% 0.130 3% Te 15% 0.140 5 oF 3h 0.150 4% 5% 9 1 0.160 a Ste Bie ome 0.170 4 He 7% 9 0.180 Ph o 6% 0.190 3h o% cs 0.200 a 5% 0.210 He 30% o% 0.220 2 3 3 Ste 0.230 2b We she 0.240 2% M 0250 : 2% 2% % 0.260 We Ey he 0.270 Phe 3 a4 0.280 ry 2h the 0290 : 2 2% 30% 0300 : 1% De 26 3h 0310 2% mm He 0.320 : 2 2 ie 0.330 . The he he 0340 : : % 2% 3h 0.350 ne 1% 2% 3M 0.360 : : : Die 34 0.370 : : 2 3he 0.380 he 2hie 0.390 2 v% 400 1% 2h 0410 % 0.420 2h 0.430 : . Pie 3 oa. WD 2 0.450 cam 7% 0.460 ev 2% 0.470 : De 2% 0.480 2h 2% 0.490 : ™% 2% 0.500 he he 0510 5 2% 0.520 Die 0.530 2 0.540 : Phe 0.350 : 2 0560 20ASME 8316 9) MM 0759670 0082993 2 Mm ‘ASME 8316-1991 Table $8 TABLE 3-8 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 36 AND < NPS 42 Depth, ‘all Thickness, in, 0250 0281 031203750405 0.469 0.562 0.608 Wie 0040 Be a5 16% 0.050 9 Bes 0.060 ou a4 Tk 0.070 4% 6 Ph (0.080 + Se 0.090 We su 0.100 3h % 6 oto She 0.120 us am 0.130 o.t40 0.150 0.160 0.170 0.180 22% 22% 22% 22% Er Fhe 2m 3 2% 2 2m 1%. 12% 10% eB 0.190 We Bh 0.200 We Dek 0.210 1% Wm 2% 0.220 : 1 We 2 0.230 Th 2h 0.240 1% 2% 0.250 : 2% 0.260 2% 0.270 : 2 0.280 2 0.250 1% 0.300 vA 0310 0.320 0.330 0340 0.350 0.360 0.370 0.380 0.390 0.400 oto 2 3% 0.420 rm 34 0.430 2 3 0.440 2 ” 0.450 mH 0.460 } 470 3 0.480 0.490 0.500 osto 0520 0530 0540 0.550 : 0.560 : a COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B36 92 MM 0759670 0082994 4 mm Table 3-9 ASME B31G-1991 TABLE 3-9 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 42 AND < NPS 48 Depth, Wall Thickness, ¢ in. din. 0.344 0.406 —(0.438_——«0.469 (0.500 :0.562—0.625——«0.688—_—0.750 0.030 0.040 ee eee pon 0.050 19% 19% == 20% : 0.060 18% 19% 19% = 20-21% 0.070 1O'%e 18% 19% 19% 20%" 21% 0.080 he «12H 16% «19% «20% DTH 25% 0.090 on % 12Me —14%e 18% 21% 2H 25% 0,100 5% Be % 1 13% 20% 22"e 24a 2H 0.110 BM he 8% ie SADA 25H 0.120 ANhe __ 6he 7% Bre 12%e 7h Ae 0.130 whe 5% «ONS Ph 10% 14 18% 25% 0.140 4 5% 5% OMe ou 12s 15% 20% 0.150 3M Mie hs 6% a 10% 13% 16%e 0.160 he Whe Be 5% ™ He 1% Lhe 0.170 3% he Ae 5% 7 0.180 3% ae Phe ae 11% 0.190 Whe ae Me a%e 10'%e 0.200 2% 3% Behe ov 0.210 Phe 3% 3 Fhe oe 0.220 hw 3% 3 o% 0.230 2 3he Whe 3% 0.240 2M 2% 8M 7% 0.250 2% 2% 3h ™ 0.260 2%e We = 3 7 0.270 Whe 2%e Qa 6% 0.280 Die 2% 0.290 2% 2%e 0.300 2% he 0.310 Me 2% 36 Ste 0.320 2% 2% he Wh 0.330 2he he ae 0,340 i 2M 3%e whe 0.350 Bho 3M Whe 0.360 ‘ 3% Whe 0.370 A 36 Whe 0.380 he he 0.390 eer 2% 3% 0.400 2M 3% 0.410 2% 3% 0.420 2% 3% ae 0.430 De 3he 3% 0.440 5 2% 3 3% 0.450 2% 3% 0.460 2% He 0.470 2% 3% 0.480 2h he 0.490 2% 3% 0.500 2%e 3 9.510 0 2% 0.520 aoe 7 2h COPvRIGHT 1996 American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Information Handling Services, 1998ASME 8316 9) MM 0759670 0082595 b ASME B31G-1991 Table 3.9 TABLE 3-9 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 42 AND < NPS 48 Wall Thickness, ¢ in. Depth, 061208750938 1.000 1.062125 1.188 1.250 din, 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070 no (0,080 20% 27h : : 0.090 26m 27te 2 0.100 26 7he 2h 29Ye 298% o.i10 26% __27He 28% 296 29% 30H 0.120 26h D7 288M «20% «80 SCTSCSC«O I (0.130 2644 «27M 2B 284 29% 30a 0.140 2% 27628296 29% 30% aa 0.150 18s «238s 28296 29% 30% HB 0.160 15% 19s 24%. 294 29°30 8a 0.170 4 7 20% 26% «29% «BOSC SSC«O (0.180 12% 15% T8227 8M HD 0.190 1% 13% 164 19% 2% 29e— 31% 3D 0.200 10% 12M ta 17h 20% 24M WD 0.210 to 1% 13% 15% 20% 26% 30% 0.220 a na Te) 2a 0.230 &% 10% 1% 13% 15a 17% 20% 8 0.240 Bie 9M The Me THe 16TH 0.250 8 Se Tee TST 18H 0.260 78% Hh 1s 1618 0.270 Th Bie a a 0.280 Me 8 9 10h 11% 0.290 6% eB Me 10% Me 1 Se 0.300 he 7h Bite Mh Whe 112 1a 310 he 7h a 8% OMe 2% 13% 0.320 om eh 7s Be a a 0.330 5H Ble The Bite The 1 0.340 5% he The 8 4 9% 10% 11% 0.350 Ste oy 7 ™ 8% he Oe The 0.360 5K 6% cA ™ Bie 410m 0.370 5h 3h Oe The Bh «Oh % 10% 0.380 5M 5h oh Te Phe Be She 10% 0.390 5 She eu en 7 ah % 10 0.400 4% She he 6% Th 8% 8% 1% 0.10 Ey Sthe 5%e Oe The Ph. 8% 0.420 + Be mh eK 7 70h os 0.430 4 Se 3% x Om Bh wh 0.440 4h 4 Ge 6TH ane 0.450 Me Me 5% OM 7% 7% Bhs 0.460 he am 54 5% 6 7 % a 0.470 rr % 3% Seo O% The 8h 0.480 4 a 5h 5h ow 6% 7% 7h 0.490 3% Ae Be The 6 Oe 7% The 0.500 3h Me Bee vA o O% The 0510 3% 4M ah 5% 5% oA O% 7% 0.520 2B (table continues) COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B316 9% MM 0759670 00829955 8 mm Table 9-9 ASME B31G-1891 TABLE 3-9 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 42 AND < NPS 48 (CONT’D) Depth, Wall Thickness, tin din, 0344 0.406 0.438 0.469 0.500 0.562 «0.625 0.688 0.750 0530 a ar : 2h 3 0.540 ; : 5 ; Dh he 0.550 en Pe De 3b 0560 eee ete tee 5 3 Scee The 0570 ee oon A a (0.580 rs Fi 5 wees veeee Die 05900 an . ood foe 2% 0600 ee : De 0610 5 4 : : : 0620 oes eee a oi os e 0.630 aan 5 a . 0.640 : toon be 06500 eae 6 a ood a 0660. : : oo a 0.670 ne ee 0680 eee wave 0.690 070000 Ps oa o710 , a ; 0.720 ae : ae ; 0.730 740 ‘i 0750 ieee 5 5 a 0.760 0.770 ; : 0700 ; 5 0700. 0800. oto 0.820 0.830 0.840 0.850 0.860 0870 0,880 Sonne 0.890 0.900 5 o910 0.920 0.930 5 os40 cn an 0950 eee sees oe 5 ae 5G co ot 0.960 0.970 0.980 0.390 1.000. ' : 1910 - fi m4 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers0 EE eV ASME B31G6 91 MM 0759670 0042997 T ASME B31G-1991 Table 3-9 ‘TABLE 3-9 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 42 AND < NPS 48 (CONT'D) ‘Wall Thickness, ¢ in. Depth, 0.812 0.875 0,938 1.000 1.062, 1.125 1.188 1,250 in, 3%e whe a 5% 5 om o%e 7% 0.530 3% ae Bhs 5 BM 6 oh 7% 0.540 3h 4 #he ae Be Be he o% 0.550 3% 3%e Ph ae She 5% he 6% 0.560 whe we ae a 5%e 56 he 6% 0.570 Be Ba a ae 5% She ie he 0.580 3% 3M%e a 4h 5 5% 6 he 0.590 3% 3% Whe A ae mH a o% 0.600 3% he 4 Whe wh Be 5% 6% 0.610 3% 3% we % Phe Be 5% 6% 0.620 ae Bhe 3% a aie 3% She ome 0.630 3 3% 3%e ae wh he 5% oe 0.640 3% a ahs ae 5% 5™%e 0.650 36 ae ah a 5% 5h 0.660 3% 4 % whe 5% 5% 0.670 Whe 3% whe a BM She 0.680 3% 3% a a%e Be 5% 0.690 whe 3% a Phe 5 Se 0.700 ev 3% a 4% 4% She 0.710 Bho 3% he Phe a 5% 0.720 3h 3% 4 ah a The 0.730 he 3e 3% ah ae 3% 0.740 3% 3% ve a% oo 5 0.750 ene he 3% Whe aie a%e 0.760 Bho 3% a a Wh 0.770 3% 3h Whe Fhe whe 0.780 3%e 3"%e 4 a% a 0.790 3M 3% 3% he ae 0.800 Be 3"%e aM wh 0.810 3% 3% Be Whe 0.820 Fhe 3% a% we 0.830 3% 3% we he o.840 = 3% aXe a% 0.850 as 3% 4 he 0.860 3% ae 4% 0.870 3% En ah 0.880 3% 30 Dh 0.890 he 36 a% 0.900 a0e80 3% he 0.910 3% 4 0.920 3% 0.930 3% 0.940 3% 0.950 ooo 0.960 a - 0.970 5 5 0.980 Onc 0.990 : 1.000 peor 1.010 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers May 29, 1998 23120423 Information Handling Services, 1998Table 10 ASME 8316 9% Mil 0759670 0082998 } mm | ASME 831G-199t TABLE 3-10 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 48 AND < NPS 52 Depth, Wall Thickness, tin din, 0.344 0.406 0.438 0.469 0.500 0.562 04625 0.688——0.750 0.030 0040 18 0.050 18% 19% 20Hhe 221% 0.060 “18s «19% 20% 21% 21% 23% 0.070 11"%6 19% 20% 2% NMe 23M 2M ; 0.080 Be TIKIT 20h 26% 0.090 mh 12% 15%e 19% 232A 26% 0.100 en 26% 0.110 Ce ) 26% 0.120 Bie 6% HHO ATT 26% 0.130 rr a 20% 0.140 th Shee Th 10h 12% 21% 0.150 31% Sh Se Bs The MTT 18 0.160 ale Se He TOM 15% 0.170 Shee She HMO 13% 0.180 3h hee 7h oh 12h 0.190 ah 4 aS Gh Be 1 0.200 2 hae Oe Phe 10% 0.210 2h Me aH SMe 7h %e 0.220 2h Whee Hae mM 0.230 24 eae ve 0.240 mh 3% 3h he Sh aM 0.250 he 3 Bho Hh Mie She Me TH 0.260 2 Th BeBe 0.270 Dies Yn nS 0.280 mS rr Ch 0.290 Me Th 5h 6th 0.300 The De 3ie hh Aha She 0.310 Phe hehe BH Hh He 0.320 24 Dee Phan MSs (0.330 2h ee 0340 Dee 3h le Me 0.350 Die Phe ee 0.360 2 Me 3% 0.370 Qe 23M v% 5% 0.380 wh eM 5 0.390 We he 4% 0.400 Whe 3 Thea ae o10 2 4 0.420 2c 3M 0.430 ; mm ah 0.440 Whe Ha 0.450 3h ae 0.460 3Me Mise 0.470 De Whe (0.480 th Oh 0.490 2h he 3 0.500 ™% he 0.510 3h 0.520 3h 3M 26 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B31G 9] MM 0759670 0082999 3 a ASME 8316-1991 Table 3-10 TABLE 3-10 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 48 AND < NPS 52 Wall Thickness, t in. Depth, 0812 08750938 1.000 1.062, 1.125.188 1.250 1 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 S 0.070 : ; 5 , 0.080 28 296 : 0.080 28 29% 30H oo 0.100 28 29% 30 3N%e82 0.110 28 29% 30% 31a 8 32% 33% 0.120 28 294 «30a =e 32'S Ne 0.130 28 297 303132 32% 33% 34M 0.140 23% 29% «30S 18 32% 33% 34h 0.150 19he 24 30H Be 82 326 33% Mie 0.160 LOH 206 _——26%e Be 32 326 33% Min 0.170 V%.—(18Me SB 32% «33% 0.180 13s “16s 19 2K 201 Dy 33Me 8M 0.190 12 14 TT 20% 533% He 0.200 We 13% 15M tem = 22 26% eA 0.210 10K 1214 Vole 19%e 23% 27H Be 0.220 i 7 0230 9% 10 MeN 22H 5% 0.240 9 10% 11% The TSA 20H 0.250 Bm 9% 11h TDMA N6Yin TBH Te 0.260 8% Me 10% 134 15K TH 19 0.270 7h 8% he MSCIZm CMC 0.280 he 8% Hh 10% 1211S AY 0.290 ™% 8% nn 0.300 7 TH om 9% he MeSH 0.310 eH Ph Be 10% 1% eT 0.320 on PA 3M Cn a nO 0.330 be % he Bh 9% 10h 1 13% 0.340 oe Ch The Be 9% 1% Te 12h 0.350 Se Ge Th 85s he 0A Te 0.360 3h oA 7h we % 1% 1% 0.370 en he The oH 9% (We «1% 0.380 3M ow 6% 2% he 1% 0.390 She 6 8% 7H aM 8% = «9% 10M 0.400 Bhs 5M 6 The mh BY The 0.410 5th 6 7 Pie Bho 9% 10M 0.420 ae Mle Oe Che ry 9 o% 0.430 Ah Bite 6 6% The 8 2% 9% 0.440 Ae Be 3h 6 ™% TBM 0.450 th 5h 3m 7 m% Bye OM 0.460 a 5Me 5 6% Phe 3% Be 0.470 Ph 48 he Che The 7% 0.480 te 4% SMe Oh ™ 7% 8 0.490 he a 5% 5% 7 7% a 0.500 a6 a4 3M 5% 6M 6% The Be 0510 he Ae 5M 5h ou Be The Th 0.520 27 (table continues) COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME 8316 91 MM 0759670 0083000 4 mm Tobie 3-10 ASME 8316-1991 TABLE 3-10 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 48 AND < NPS 52 (CONT'D) Depth, Wall Thickness, t in. in 0.344 0.406 0.438 0.469 0,500 0.562 0.625 0.688 0.750 3 a Qe Fhe 2 30 es 3M 3%e 3% Me 0.530 0.540 0.550 0.560 0.570 0.580 0.590 0.600 0.610 0.620 0.630 0.640 0.650 0.660 0.670 0.680 0.690 0.700 710 0.720 0.730 ee 0.740 a0 0.750 0.760 0.770 0.780 0.790 0.800 0.810 0.820 0.830 0.840 0.850 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers BSi20055 Information Handling services,ASME 8316 91 MM™ 0759670 0083001 & im ASME B31G-1991 Table 3-10 TABLE 3-10 VALUES OF FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 48 AND < NPS 52 (CONT'D) Wall Thickness in. Depth, 0812 0875 0.938 1.000 1.062.125 1.188 1.250 din, 31 he 45 6 6h 7% m wh 6 th 5h 5 he 7 Phe 3% ah a 5M 5% he The 3M he Ae Me Se OMe on The % aM 4h She 5h bie oH Phe he ‘ae ah 5 oA 6 6 The 2M 3] athe a 3% 5%. e% 6%e he va oy 4% 5M 5% om 6%he 3% 3% *% She 5% he 6a he ah he #4 3h 5h on on 3M 3% «ae Pe 5 5% Soe he he 3 4h a4 4% 5 5h 6% he 4 fhe 8h Ste 5% ox 3h 3% he am 5M 5% 6h he ah aM rs) 5% 6% se 3% ae 8 . . 0.680 ae 3% a6 he toon 0.690 3M 3% Ae a4 5 : 0.700 5 3% 4 he so , 710 3M SMe He 0.720 34 ¥h a 0.730 3h 3% he 0.740 3% ™ a4 es 0.750 3M ah : 0.760 3% 4 : 0.770 he 3h . 0.780 eee 3h 3% : 0.790 , 3% Tae ‘ 0.800 56 a on wee OM 0.810 Mo A 0.820 3 (0.830 Ey o.4o fl oe : 0.850 29 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B32G 9) MM 0759670 0083002 8 mm Table 9-11 ASME 8316-1091 TABLE 3-11 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 52 AND < NPS 56 Depth, Wall Thickness, ¢ in. din 0406 0438 0.469 0.500 05620625 0.688 0.750 0.040 fesse 0.050 20% = 21h De : 0.060 20% = 2h 22% Behe te 0.070 20% —27h_=—= 22M Re He a2 ie : 0.080 Ve 17s 22 224 2h DHMH 28 0.090 " 13% «16% —=Si0SSCa =~ SCM 0.100 9% 10% 12k 1H 2M BI 26% 28 o.tt0 7h De 10a RT 2616 28 0.120 7 Bho 9% 10% 4 19 26%6 28 0.130 6h 7m he eT 20e 28 0.140 > oe The 8% ‘Whe 19% «17% «De 0.150 She he 6% TH ou 11% 14% 184 0.160 5 5% 6% 7 Be «10% BK TOM 0.170 4% 5% A 6 8 % Ne 0.180 + 4h 5M ow, The 9 10% 12% 0.190 a ih he Bh 6% BO 14 0.200 3% he 94 She Oe Th 9% 0210 2% Me AMe 5k he 7% on 0.220 he 4 fhe 5h 7 a 0.230 3%, 3Me a) ow. Phe 0.240 3% 3 ae a ey om The 0.250 3% 3h 3A Me 3M 6h The 0.260 3 ah 4 ah 4% Se OM 0.270 2h 3he 3Me 3M 5h on 0.280 Ea 3% 3h 4h 5h ou 0.290 Pa 3 he o 5h 0.300 Me th 3he +4 5 0310 he 2 he a4 4%e 0.320 2M 2 Behe 0.330 _ Ms 2h ea 0340 2h he mm ry 0.350 te 2 23 3% ah 0.360 fee are Be mH 3% 4h 0.370 a rv 2% 4 0.380 . 24 3h wh 0.390 . . 2 he 3 0.400 ' a Me 3h 3! O10 3 3% 0.420 fee - 2m 3 0.430 : : zh whe 0.440 2S 3 0.450 : : : 3h 3%he 0.460 5 ‘i 7 3h 3 he 0.470 : : 3h 3% 0.480 3 3h 0.490 26 «Whe 0,500 : 2h a 0510 oon 5 aa , 3h 0.520 fee o es 0.530 3 30 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B31G 91 MB 0759670 0083003 T a ASME 8316-1991 Table 3-11 TABLE 3-11 . VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 52 AND < NPS 56 Wall Thickness, t, in. 0812 0.875 0.938 1.000 1.062 1.125 1188 1.250 29% 30% 0.090 29% 30% . 5 0.100 29% 30% 31% 32% 33% coe 0.110 29% 30% 31% 32% 33% 35%e 0.120 29% 30% 31% 32%e 33% 34% 35%6 36% 0.130 29% 30% 31%e 32%6 33% 34% 35%e 36% 0.140 246 30% 31% 32% 33% 34% 35%e 36% 0.150 20% 25%_ 31%e 32% 33% 34% 35%e 36% 0.160 17% 2% 27% 32% 33% 34% 35% 36% 0.170 15% 1B%e 23% 29%« 33%e 34% 35% 36% 0.180 146 16% 20%6 24% 30% aah 35% 36% 0.190 12% 15% 13% 21% 26% 32% 35% 36% 0.200 11%e 14 16% 19% 22% 27% 33% 36% 0.210 1% 12% 15%6 1% 20% 28% 29%e 35%e 0.220 10% 12% 14 16% 18% 2% 25% 30% 0.230 wm 1% 13% 140 17he 19% 23 26% 0.240 % 10% 12he 14 15% 18M 20% 24% 0.250 BM%e 10% 11% 13%. 180 16s 19%e 226 0.260 Be "1 12% 14% 15% 17% 20% 0.270 Bie Oe 10% 1%. 13% 146 16% 18 Me 0.280 7h w% 10% 11% 12% 14% 15% (0.290 Phe Be % 10% 2 13% 15 0.300 ™% 8% ” 10% 1% 12% 14% 0.310 7 The 8% OH Me 12% 13% 0.320 6% he B%e he 10% 1% B 0.330 othe Phe Bie o% 10% 11% ray 0.340 o% Phe 8 B%e vw 10% 12 0.350 o%e 6% mh 8% Oe 10% 11%. 12%e 0.360 6 6% Pe Be ov 10% 1h 12% 0.370 5% he The 8M B%e % 10% __ 1% 0.380 5 %e on 7% 7h 8% he 10% Whe 0.390 5% 6% on 70 Bie o%e 10% 11% 0.400 5% o%e 6% 7% ay 9 o% 10% 0.410 5% 5% he 7% 8 ame. 10% 0.420 5% 5% ohe 2% 7% Bh 10% 0.430 5 3% on oe Ph Bye vm 0.440 ah 5% on 6% The 8% om 0.450 4a%e 5% 6 om ™% he ae 0.460 a%e 5% 5% he 7% ™% he 0.470 he 5% She 6% Phe 9 0.480 as 3% he o% 7A 8% 0.490 a 5% 6% 6% 7% Be 0.500 ihe ae 5% 5% oe 7% 8% 0.510 Whe 4% 5M 5% 6% 7 BM 0.520 4% 4% She 5% 6% 8% Bihe 0.530 eat (table continues) COPvRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Information Handling Services,ASME 8316 9% MM 0759670 0083004 1 mm Table 24 ASME 8916-1061 TABLE 3-11. VALUES OF | FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 52 AND < NPS 56 (CONT’D) Depth, Wall Thickness, tin dein, 0406 0.438, 0.469 0.500 0562 0.625 0.688 0.750 0540 3Me 3h 0580 : 3 3h 0.560 a4 0570 : toe Bite 0.580 m a P 3% 0.590 vee vee . 3 0.600 5 , : OM 0.610 0.620 0.630 0.640 i 0.650 0.660 0.670 0.680 0.690 0.700 o710 0720 0.750 0.760 070 0.780 0790 0.800 0810 : 0.820 , a , , 5 0.830 0.840 0.950 0.860 te 0.870 5 0.880 0.890 0.900 0910 : 0920 0.930 0.940 0.950 0,960 oa 0970 0,980 0.990 1,000 1.010 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASNE 8326 91 MH 0759670 0083005 3 mm ASME B31G-1991 Table 3-11 TABLE 3-11 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 62 AND < NPS 56 (CONT'D) Wall Thickness, ¢ in Depth, siz 08750938 1.000 1.062, 1.251.188 1.250 din 4h he SMe he ow Oe The 7h 0.540 3M athe WI 6 oe Th ™ 0.550 ah + v 3h 5% 6h 7 7% 0.560 37s he ns The 0570 3% 2h 4a Be She 6 % The 0.580 3M 4 54 5% om om Phe 0.590 3h 4 a 5 3h 6 6% The 0.600 3% 4 he We 3h 5% Che 6H 0.610 3h Ey a $e She SMe He 5% 0.620 3M 3. Atle 4% 5% Se he 6a 0.630 he Em Phe ae «Se om oe om 0.640 Mea % Bhs 3h 6 on 0.650 3% 4h 4M 4% She SMe OM 0.660 Me 4 the ah 4 She Othe 0.670 3M 3Me ah 4% 5% 5% 6h 0.680 ihe Ey we ah 5h 5 on 0.690 3% 3% a 4% 5h 5 6 0.700 2% he Me 5 54 5M 0.710 3M a4 Whe Sh 5% 0.720 3h he he Mh 5% 3% 0.730 aes he 4 o% aS She 0.740 oo 3h 3M whe a She 3 0.750 oc 5 3h 4h 4% 5H 3M 0.760 : ‘i 3 Ae a4 5 She 0.770 3h a Mheae 0.780 = vee ae a4 v he (0.790 3% 4 4h ae 5M 0.800 3% a a 5h oto wh 4% 4% She 0.820 3% a 4 5 0.830 a 5 a 3% a he 456 ‘0.840 ae a4 a 0.850 Ali ha aM 0.860 4 a6 % 0.870 3% ah 4M 0.880 va 4 + 0.890 _ foe 37h Me 40 0.900 aed : 4M 44 0.910 ah 4a 0.920 ae Mh 0.930 ar 5 a . 4 oh 0.940 3M he 0.950 = : . a% 0.960 emo oid : : Phe 0.970 4M 0.980 a 0.990 = o ae 1.000 - ‘i : 1010 33 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASNE B33G 91 MM 0759670 0083006 5 mm Table 3-12 ASME B31G-1991 TABLE 3-12 VALUES OF L FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 56 AND < NPS 60 Depth, Wall Thickness, t, in. in. 0.406 0.469 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.688 0.750 0.040 an ee 0,050 21% 22% 0,060 21% 22% 0.070 21% 22% : 0.080 14% 22% 29%e 0,090 1h 17 29%e 0.100 % 13% 29% 0.110 Bhe 11% 29%6 0.120 7% Ne 29%e 0.130 6% am 29%6 0.140 6 The 23% 0.150 5% 7% 19% 0.160 Bho ou 16%e 0.170 ae oe 14% 0.180 ae 5™%e 13%6 0.190 he 3% 12% 0.200 Awe Me 11% 0.210 a ame 10% 0.220 3"%e wh Me 0.230 3% PA he 0.240 3% Fhe a%e 0.250 3% 4 Bs 0.260 3%e a Bie 0.270 2Mhe 3%e m% 0.280 2% 3% Phe 0.290 Di he Phe 0.300 2% He 6% 0.310 Phe 3B%e oh 0.320 he 3% he 0.330 3 3% 4 ae Bho 6% 0.340 2 she a Whe BM Oe 0.350 2% 3% 3% Whe 3 Se 0.360 2% 3 3% ae 5 "%e 0.370 2% 2" 3% Whe 4% 5% 0.380 2h Be Ae ae 5% 0.390 3% 3%e Whe 5% 0.400 3% 30 Whe SMe 0.410 , 3% 3% he We 0.420 he 3% aM ae 0.430 a 3 Be ah Ph 0.440 2a She 4 ah 0.450 3% 3% 4% 0.460 5 3% 3™%e eh 0.470 3% 2% he 0.480 3% 3M Phe 0.490 3% Be ah 0.500 a a% 4 0.510 5 She 3% 0.520 3%e a 0.530 3% 3% 34 coRYRrGHT 1998 Aperican Society of Mechanical Engineers Information Handling Services,ASME B31G 91 MM 0759670 0083007 ? a ASME 8916-1001 Table 2-12 TABLE 3-12 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 86 AND < NPS 60 Wall Thickness, tin Depth, oai2 0875 0.998 1.000.062, 1.125 1.188 1.250 in 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070 a 0.080 3% 5 5 ve 0.090 30% 3B : : 0.100 30% 3M BHM : a.110 30% 3% 32h 33M SHa 3H 0.120 30s 3% 32% 3a 35M 36s TI 0.130 30% STC 3% Mee 0.140 25% 3% 3h BABY Me 36h TH 0.150 2a 26M 3233 Ae 35M 0.160 18% Die 2833 eM 6e 7 0.170 10h 19% 24g 30% Be 8M 36a 37 0.180 Wi 17h Dee Cae~—~SCOSCSC«OT 0.190 13% 15% 18Me He DTH 336M 37H 0.200 1% ak Thu 20% 23% 2K 358TH 0.210 11% 13% 18% 18he 225% 36H 0.220 10% 114 164 19% 22% 28H 3TH 0.230 10% 11% THe BAT HTSSC« 0.240 % he 1H 14h 16% 18M 2D 5H 0.250 9% “10h Te 13M TS TH 2020 0.260 Bh Whee 12h Nae 8K 0.270 Bh 94 Yow 24 MSD 0.20 aM M4 10m *N eB 0.290 7% 8% 10 Ihe 12% 13% Se 17% 0.300 Phe 8% Cn 0.310 The aM 9% 10H The 0.320 The The Bh Mie 11 Whe B14 0330 ee a a nT 0.340 CF The Bite Mh 10% e123 0.350 he ™ Be 8% «HTM 1h 0.360 oh 7 7% Be hehe NH 12M 0.370 Oe 6% 7h Be He 10% 2H 0.380 Se «Oh ™% he 9 7% «1k 0390 wm 6h The 7% BH 9% ee 0.400 5 Ge 7 7h a 10% He o10 Ble om 6% The Be 9% 9% 10% 020 She 6 Ce Ph a 8% 9h 10% 0.430 he wh o Phe 7h 8% oe 10% 0.440 5he SMe 7 Te ha Me = 10 0.450 5 he he oh The Bu 9 % 0.460 a6 She OMe Ole PH a 0.470 4% 5 See Phe Th Be Me 0.480 Fh 3M 5 Othe The 7B 0.490 4s 34 5% he oa The he Bh 0.500 4h 5 he he om mh Bie Be 0510 oh Ae She 6h oH ™ 7 8% 0520 a Ae 5% Sih 6 Th 7% 8% 0.530 35 (table continues) COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B31G 91 MM 07595670 0083008 5 mm Table 3-12 ASME B31G-1991 TABLE 3-12 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 56 AND < NPS 60 (CONT'D) Depth, Wall Thickness, tin d 0406 0.438 0469 0.500 0.562 0.625 0.688 0.750. 0.540 Spo coed , ce Me Me 0.550 5 co 3% ea 0.560 a : : he 0.570 5 , q : he 0.560 a ; 4 0.590 Ganon yncosc i ji . 3 0.600 ‘i aon : 3M 0,610 0.620 0.640 woe 0.650 o : 5 0.660 oo : 0.670 , 0.680 a — 0.690 0.700 : o710 een 0.720 0.730 0.740 0.750 0.760 0.770 0.780 0790 0.800 010 0.820 0.830 0.840 0.850 0.860 0.870 0.880 0.890 0.500 0.910 0.920 ee cee . © 0.930 r ‘ ; 0.940 0.950 0.960 0.970 0990 1.000 1.010 36 COPYRIGHT 1996 American Society of Mechanical Engineers0 EE OOO OQ eo ASME B31G 92 M™ 0759670 0083005 0 om ASME 8316-1991 Table 3-12 TABLE 3-12 VALUES OF / FOR PIPE SIZES > NPS 86 AND < NPS 60 (CONT'D) Wall Thickness, t, in. Depth, 0812 0.875 0.938 1.000 1.062, 1.125 1.188 1.250 din Whe 46 5% 5% o% o%e Phe Bh 0.540 a We 5% 5% ou The 8% 0.550 4 Ve Be Be 6% Phe 7h 0.560 3% Wie ae Bu 6 ™% 7% 0.570 Bh Bh 4% 5% Be Z 7% 0.580 30h aha ae She 5% on Phe 0.590 3M ae a%e 5% 3"%e on he 0.600 3% AM a aM 5% o%e Phe 0.610 Be aa he 5 5% he The 0.620 3% 4 Ah ae She she he z 0.630 ‘She he Pe wh 5% he he oh 0.640 eon 3%e he a 5% BA ex Om 0.650 o2 3% a% a%e 5% 5% ow o% 0.660 ‘ 3Me aA wh he Be he Oe 0.670 aa 3% he Whe 5 She 5% Che 0.680 ws 3% 4 Whe ae 5% 5% Che 0.690 3% 3% wh ae Be 5% ou 0.700 3% Whe a 5% 5M%e 6% 0.710 3%e a" a%e 5% 5% he 0.720 ae 3% Be a Me 5% 6 0.730 nr ae a Whe 5 Be St 0.740 3% 4% 4% 5% 5% 0.750 he ve 5% 5% 0.760 a a 5%e 5% 0.770 a he ae 5% Se 0.780 She 3% 0.790 5 Se 0.800 ae 5% 10 ws 5% 0.820 a%e. he 0.830 ry 3m 0.840 4a%e Be 0.850 a 5 0.860 ae ae 0.870 4% va 0.880 Whe ae 0.890 a a 0.900 he ae 0.910 aM wh 0.920 he ae 0.930 ae a 0.940 4% Wis 0.950 we Whe 0.960 op a 0.970 whe 0.980 a 0.990 Ph 1.000 1.010 37 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers May 29, 1990, 23+30s14 Information Handling Services, 1998“ASME 8316 9) MM 0759670 0083010 7 mm ASME B31G-1991 4-42 PART 4 EVALUATION OF MAOP IN CORRODED AREAS 4.1 COMPUTATION OF A If the measured maximum depth of the corroded area is greater than 10% of the nominal wall thickness but less thari 80% of the nominal wall thickness and the measured Iongitudinal extent of the corroded area is greater than the value determined by Eq. (2) of Part 2, calculate A = 0.893 neasured longitudinal extent of the corroded area, in. jominal outside diameter of the pipe, in, jominal wall thickness of the pipe, in. Additional wall thickness required for concurrent external loads shall not be included in the calculations, 4.2. COMPUTATION OF P* (a) For Values of A Less Than or Equal to 4.0. A and dit determine a unique point on Fig, 4-1 corresponding to an acceptable pressure level P’, P’ is obtained by interpolation between the curves for P, 0.95P, 0.90P, 0.85P, 0.80P, 0.75P, 0.70P, 0.65P, 0.60P. d =measured maximum depth of corroded area, in. the safe maximum pressure for the corroded area. Curves for various values of P’ ate given in Fig. 4-1 per 2fa' 1-3) except that P’ may not exceed P. P =the greater of cither the established MAOP or P = 2S:FTID where S =specified minimum yield strength (SMYS), psi - 39 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B316 91 MM 0759670 0083011 9 mm 0.95 | ose ose ploosrlosor | 090# | 070e || oso | ostr 0.65? 0.70P 0.g0P 08s? o.90P _3z_# 0.96 es head ? ‘excapt that P’ may not exceed P 11 ° 02 0a 08 08 ak | 076 1 FIG, 4-1 CURVE FOR OBTAINING P’ AS A FUNCTION OF a/t FOR VALUES OF ALESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 4.0 40 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Fig. 4-1 ASME 8316-1991ASME B31G6 9) M@™ 0759670 0083012 0 om ASME 831-1991 Fig. 4-2 . pap o.eP 7 o.6r im ae 0.2P ° 02 oa 06 08 on FIG. 4-2 P’ AS A FUNCTION OF a/t FOR VALUES OF A GREATER THAN 4.0 41 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Information Handling Services,“ASNE 6326 91 Ml 0759670 0083013 2 mm 424a ASME 8916-1001 F =appropriate design factor from ASME B31.4, ASME B31.8, or ASME BBL.11 T =temperature derating factor from the appropriate B31 Code (if none listed, T = 1) D =nominal outside diameter of the pipe, in. ¢ = nominal wall thickness of the pipe, in, Additional wall thickness required for concurrent external loads shall not be included in the calculations. (0) For Values of A Greater Than 4.0 P’ =the safe maximum pressure for the corroded area. Curves for various values of P’ are given in Fig, 4-2 per d sar - | except that P’ may not exceed P. P 4.3 MAOP AND P’ If the established MAOP is equal to or less than P’, the corroded region may be used for service at that MAOP. If it is greater than P’, then a lower MAOP should be estab- lished not to exceed P’, or the corroded region should be repaired or replaced. a2 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B31G 9) MM 0759670 0083014 4 mm ASME 8316-1991 Appendix A. APPENDIX A BASIC Computer Program, CRVL.BAS, for Determining Allowable Length L (Part 2) or Alternative Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (Part 4) Enter program and input as indicated. The examples should be used to verify correct entry of the program, 43 COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical EngineersASME B3%6 91 MB 0759670 0083015 & a Appendix A ASME 831G-1901 PROGRAM LISTING FOR CRVL.BAS BY R-L.SEIFERT 40. “PROGRAM WRITTEN BY R.L. SEIFERT, TENNESSEE GAG PIPELINE COMPANY, IN MICROSOFT BASIC AND GPERABLE ON VARIOUS PERSONAL COMPUTERS, FEBRUARY 6, 1982, MODIFIED SEP Tenber 1904. Zo “EVALUATE EXTERNALLY CORRODED HIGH PRESSURE GAS PIPING TO DETERMINE THE MAXIM. UM PRESSURE THAT IT GAN SAFELY CONTAIN. 25 “THIS SYSTEM WAS DEVELOPED AT BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE, COLUMBUS OMIO. 2a ‘esene PLEASE NOTE, THAT IF THE CORRODED GURFAGE AREA EXTENDS ONTO Of ACROSS: 4 WELD, THEN THIS METHOD 1S NOT VALID. THE CORROSION MUST THEN BE EVALUATED BY COMPANY-DESIGNATED SPECLALIOTE. «nue SO"COMPUTER WILL DISPLAY AN “IULEGAL FUNCTION ERROR" IF MAP 18 SET HIGHER THAN 1.1 XP) BECAUSE AN ATTEMPT TG FIND THE SQUARE ROOT OF @ NEGATIVE NUMBER WILL R ESULT. “IN PRACTICE, THE MAQP WOULD NEVER BE SET THAT HIGH. 40 "'1F MeOP 15 SET SLIGHTLY BELOW 1.1'X Py AND CORROSION DEPTH 18 ALMOST 10% OF WALL THICKNESS, COMPUTER MAY CALL FOR A REDUCTION OF PRESSURE, BUT TT WILL ALSO STATE THAT THERE 19 NO REGTRICTION OF OPERATION DUE TO d < oie. 30. "NAOP Té NEVER SET THAT HIGH IN PRACTICE, GO THIS SHOULD BE NO PROBLEM. THE 10% ALLOWABLE DEPTH WITH NO OPERATING RESTRICTIONS SHOULD APPLY. 40" "TF DEPTH OR LENGTH ARE SET 70 ZERO, A REGPECTIVE SAFE LENGTH! OR GAFE DEPTH W ILL BE DETERMINED, EVEN THOUGH THAT I5'AN IMPOSSIBILITY. REGARD THE ZEROS AS IN FINITESIMALS RATHER THAN ZEROS. (0 = -000001, FOR EXAMPLE) 70. "Te CORROSION DEPTH td) 18 ENTERED Si. °X WALL THICKNESS (£), THEN THE EXPRES SION (2/3-X (e/a) WILL BE =>1." THIS WILL CAUSE A "DIVISION BY ZERO" ERROR IN TH E CALCULATIONS. DEPTH OF CORROSION CAN NEVER BE’ > WALL THICKNESS ANYWAY. 72 SCREEN 0,0,O:WIDTH 80: COLOR 14,1,0 75 DerDeL_ AY 0 CLSt INPUT "MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE PRESSURE (MAGP) #/8q. In. 30 INPUTENTER OUTSIDE DIAMETER OF PIPE (D) Inches 100 INPUT"ENTER PIPE WALL THICKNESS (t) Inch (we) 110 INPUT"ENTER STRENGTH OF STEEL .aeT THEN INPUT"DEPTH OF CORROSION EXCEEDS @0% OF PIPEWALL. PIPE MUST BE REPLACED. PRESS CENTERS FOR FURTHER EVALUATION. "sEN 40 IF Dem<.feT THEN INPUT"CORROSION DEPTH IS LESS THAN 10% OF PIPE WALL. NO RES TRICTIONS ON OPERATION... PRESS CENTERS FOR FURTHER EVALUATION. "sEN. 170. PHINT ((24B"THE/D) 4.5) # Ae. BFSHL) / (DBT) >. St A=CINT (100088) ), OO 100 TF AC=4 THEN POMINT (1. 1HPR CCC C2MDED (SETI 997 (I= (42/ 8) # DEL CTH (ANZA) 9) dye.e) 190° TF a>4 THEN Pi 195 IF pase THEN Ps 210 PRINT'PIPE DIAMETER .GAT THEN PRINT*REPAIR OR REPLACE PIPE BECAUSE CORROSIGN DEFTH EXC 300 IF HOP THEN PRINT*HAGP EXCEEDS DESIGN PRESGURE (P). VERIFY THAT THIS VAR TeNCE 19 VALID." 1, 80 THAT PIPE":PRINTWILL OPERATE LEGALLY AND SAFELY." Bho Op aoc THEN DP=¢(He(Lf8P) )#CSHT) #CCAZE) 5) 97 (2EOHE CCL FAP CCAM 340 If DPD. Bey THEN Dhs.OxT ihe Wigey CANT (Z000HDF) #9) )#- OO Peinrecaeioooy 43) 9*.008 ‘oO TF AS4 THEN DP=CONY (1. 1¥PD ) “19 #1 370 Tk Dep. dat THEN DP=.eeT AX. DEPTH IS “5 sPRINT USING $300 IF Aba THEN PRINT*HITH CORR-LNGTH.“L"In. y MAX.OEPTH 1S "PRINT USING “@ Siwad"y CINT(LOOOHDP) 45))¥. 001) #PRINT" Inch. "A = *+ PRINT USING™HA8. 8885 inttiqniooo)s.5) 91,00! 90 APSSePSHINT (Le 19PHC1=(DE/T 24.54 1F PSDP THEN Pee oo TF rsbs THEN 420, 410 PRINTTWLTH CORR. DEPTHYDE™ In. MAK. LENGTH IS INFINITY. @ = ":ePRINT UST NG "#8. BRB" yAPr GOSUE SsoeGOTO 470 430 IF PE>H OR AP>A THEN 450 480 PRINTOWITH CORR-DEPTH"DE"In. y MAX. LENGTH IG “ssPRINT USING “awe. weds IN TCoG0# (DsT?*.5)e1. 126AP)*.001; {PRINT™ In. A = "x4PRINT USING" #88. 888": CINT {aP#1000))#. 001 608UR $50rG070. 470 NrcPoscs)eIr PSP THEN PECP a mens wre go ota 440 ENEIE ENC>t THEN 20 4900 CLS:PRINT“HAXIMUY ALLOWABLE OPERATING PRESSURE (NADP) = “H"#/sa. tn 490 PRINT'OUTSIDE DIAMETER GF PIPE (D) = winches Soo PRINT"PIPE WALL THICKNESS (t) = 510 PRINTSPECIFIED MIN. YIELD STRENGTH OF PIPE CSHVS) = S40 RETURN END OF PROGRAM LISTING 4s COPYRIGHT 1998 American Society of Mechanical Engineers