Exercise 12.4 Name: NGS ccna Integrated Rate Laws & Reaction Half-Life dee AP Chemistry ‘The dependence of the rate of a chemical reaction on the concentration of the reactant is given by the rate law and takes the form: rate=k [A]* [B]" [CTP ... where the exponents, m.n,p,.., may be zero, integers or fractions. The sum of the exponents (a+b+ct...) is the order of the reaction, The expressions for the change in concentration with time are differential equations which, in some cases, can be integrated to give a different, but related, form of the rate equation, ‘These are summarized below: order | differential rate law | integrated rate law Wiife zero Tate =k TAI=-K TAR tia = AWK rst A TTA]= t+ nA | hank ‘second rate = KIAT WIAT=Kt+ WIAs | a= WKIATe ‘or rate = K[AJ[B] as Tong as [Alp = [B]o and they react in w 1 ratio ‘These are all linear equations of the form y=mx +b. Graphs of [A], Inf] or U/[A] (y) vs time (x) will give a straight line when the reactions are zero, 1" or 2" order, respectively. ‘There are no analytical solutions for other rate laws, DIRECTIONS: Answer the following in the space provided. |. Label each ofthe following graphs with the order of the reactant A. Oe fa] Oe re time time time onder: Qwat Order:_Zeco Order:_secood 2. The reaction A > B +C is carried out ata particular temperature. ‘The observed data is recorded at right. Graph the data to determine the order ofthe reaction, writ the rate law for the reaction, and determine the value-of k at this temperature. ‘Time (min) [A] TC inf} 0.00 2.000 106441 _|0,5000 2.00 07 loroir |p.405 400 oai2 O.44\ [1.63 In[A] re so 6.00 TT ops |2.46 wah § 5.00 o1s7 | gaa _ [5.36 Vee $ 10.00 0105 [7 93 [44 3H Wie wy Por Har 2 Rate Law: Lake 2K CAT! Gres sree UME A AS la Lal so Ast onder Ea -3 Oo. infaly -RE + \nfale ke Wyle ogee “+ ee hee ~ 0641s G24 oun"! Tee ure A SRT eet aa! saree Ak Revised: 2018-09-24Exercise 12.4 ‘Name: ey Integrated Rate Laws & Reaction Half-Life Dates Per AP Chemistry 3. The reaction A — B is second order in [A] and the rate constant (2B scealeulate the inisTeonentation of A 0,039 M's", Ifthe concentration of A was 0.30 M at We 0.034 20h onkes bewtrt — © : [im 20.80 paca Cayo OL i 22.4! -aade .t eee (= agar tele [ade = 7 Sam? at Oi» 5 wt A = (goat's. 235 aot io Rs OWA 4, The reaction A+ B-+C is first onder in A, When [Aly 20% complete in $0.0 min Calculate the rate constant, , for this reaction, with the eoréct unis, » Cluesmn 2 0.0807 lor etoge: Ia{ade-ke + Wn {ale Ke Wafele-tnCade , Wwf oved-Inbesel 2 0.20% Jaen] ~t = 40.0 own. TAP one b. Which of the fol we best describes the changes in concentration of A and C? werge Co ord CU} vol vil A Tinie Gita) Tne (lay Time (min) Time Gin) 5. For the reaction 2A — 2B + C, the following data were collected, The data is graphed by [A], In{A], and MV a. Determine the rate law using the graphed data: [AL__ [min wok B23x 10" [10 S 6.74x 107 | 20 \"Zod cove tre geod Calla rhs reaconsingiheapwoin [S32 107-[ 30) integrated rate law for the reactant order: 452x107 = got Welblye “kt + tal Ale 3.70x 107 [50 = 303x109 [60 sobasene?)- la ean ive ww ww Le west ner, ba}. timetnt ° errs = O.01P enw? [O-OZmn } ° ae ea FF”. Calculate te haltite for his recton " shrasghk geod Lye nth, 2 UE tec 2 B4,65ena [Boma . VP 4, Calculate [Aly o be yh ke Inthe -InCade. ve — 10 20 30 40 50 60 ~~ @ alee 2 - 4.54% on WwTaly =-ke € In LO time iny ee an ‘epote nice DenblaglnGlQ = ankle (4D ne - Bieso.5I| _.,. wie, CVE, ® = nerd cio] + C02 + Zomne) < Re ¢ eee © Nee ree ronbeas Sm. . no geed inode =-kk Fla Dado 0 ln age + — 0.02ma"s FOwin + baLe.olh TaPae aarrayaat nl )a9 = 6.0 weep of Wh oe time (in) aurksbeg (InGabed) ¢ on Wen (> 6.0) wee Thre — 243K 10% alent | Revised 2018-00-24AP Chemistry Exercise 12.4 ome Integrated Rate Laws & Reaction Half-Life Date: Per, 6. The decomposition of a certain insecticide in water follows first-order kinetics with a rate, ant of 1.45 yr. A uanity of his ined is washed ino lake on ane esdigToatencenaton TSO 0” Ban”. What is the concentration ofthe insecticide on June | ofthe following year? = > > lye Wye? eae Lali iy = “18,458 een? = eye! \n Rl z-wke Mafade al ~ Bs ate! fr (yer 1 410% Wile = 60 x10% 5 lent fn 2 AMS ye" lye IM ( S080 Fey), ~ b. Hon long wilt ke the concentabor Wine inactelsts datas WSO Weems > ( LAbye? LEHI? 421 ‘ AWLAg = “kt In fale. Me AS" 2 Wnlhhe-In (ile . nCtoxoW-\nisone* 2 Thersonw ys t SASSER = eet > [5 yr) Clg: 2.0%0°F feu? 7. ‘Thereaction, 2NO; ~» 9280 + Og follows second-order kinetics. At 300°C, [NO,] drops from 0.0100 M to 0.00650 M in 100.0. The rate constant forthe rection i Mis! ke ets \ ax, owe Ty CAle aod Lk -dus, Jo sew's| Tae the * Foss “wow | 0. b's es ee \5; 8 Forte reaction A > product, the fist two afimes are 10 minutes and 20 minutes respectively. At the beginning of the reaction, [A] was 0.10M. — Whats the rate law for this reaction? Whare- Like io WCLASHE, HS WICATES ZH> espe 2 paporde™ \ amet Ye \ y PV eau THe Yecate 1 Yegouss > Wee b> kas hnw b. What is the [A] at t= 80 min? n r (Alo= 010M = AN oye eA a= 90K" os come tee 7 Xt te \ Taleo (Ale* are 0.01! Cleon * 4 ae z\what wn 2 wt jor ee tae! Tiles? WASH! Bone * Bast * FO 9. Experimental dats forthe reaction A» 2B + C have been ploted in the following three different ways (with concentration units in moUL) hon cae Zz" Za | ge as now = oo: sek re 2 eek 0 Rh oe 2 ottette: oo 6 oo as fe HEE Tieme (3) Time (5), 1 ‘What isthe order of the reaction with respect to A and what isthe intial concentration of A? 2nd ecdor Revised: 2018-09-24AP Chemistry Son cosa Exercise 12.4 Name: Integrated Rate Laws & Reaction Half-Life Date: Per__ 10. The rate of the reaction depends only on the concentrations of nitrogen dioxide below 225°C. Ata temperature below 225°C the following data were collected: NOx) + COW) —» NOL) + COs) vena & graghing eolovloler Time G) [NOx mol) peetnce Osea r B50 4m, — ae 12010 044d | 6 -LR2 4 | 0.20 3.0010 0.381 Le-ste| 0.4% 10" 0340 pean lo! 9.00% 10" 0.250 Be avowilo 994 << 1.8010" 0.174 aes to 4 Determine te ate law 2 fo, dork” cake =\ LNoal in fot b. Determine the integrated rate I x 10's alter the start ofthe reaction, wo ce Noge = 2:10 x10" A Ig-! we \ ‘ Tee 7 METER ay 2H H eS OLDS «Secon 2 HIMG Haye! we 1 ‘tempting oe nl ie li i or pe psa pert 02] ‘Slope: ‘Assuming that Rate = d a 0864 ye. HaSat mel) A Dvemieweneiy te Ea TaozT-fust \_ voles WCior! | mb Ensconet sovzt 099 b. Determine the integrated ae Taw Hgoost 3 \w (Hebe), = ek & In Todo, as € Determine the value of he rate constant = {sso Toso wien slope = Bar KiBY Ws eee 4. Calculate [H,02] at 4000, s after the start ofthe reaction, THO Dyers = — 35 x14 1 (Hoo. s) ¥ tn Loo} laCardad > - 3.24" toys «4 2.03543 [0.035 12, The reaction A> RGD Consider the folowing daa. a. Determine the value of the rate constant, ‘Time (s) | [A] GmoV/L} WGA, 2 har leGilo of 160 tee CAEN afae taConed = Wabes) fount et | ee Toa =e = 2.06 b. Determine the half-life ofthis reaction. +H = Wtf = 0049 ag -B.84 5 Revised 2018.09.24AP Chemistry Name: Exercise 12.4 ae Integrated Rate Laws & Reaction Half-Life Date:__ Per__ 13. At 500 K in the presence of a copper surface, ethanol decomposes according tothe equation: C:HsOH(g) —+ CHsCHO(e) + Hale) ‘The pressure of C;H,OH was measured as a function of time and the following data were obtained. Cletek bo . ‘Time G) | Penson (ort) AM exackty 0 250. Ace oon $0 © eed 100,__| 237 200, 32a iH Le -eorngt] 0.290 300, [211 lated 400. 198 dab Rt 2. ysuor [OI 500.185 ‘Since the pressure of a gas is direcly proportional to the concentration of gas, we can express the rate law for a gaseous reaction in terms of partial pressures. Using the above data to calculate the followi 2 ihe lew os e ee woke s WP(CamecndY SrameranT +O Use b. the integrated rate law Panernw ses HOY BLACKETS OPW PP TERY BEC P Ceased), = et FRertteoR)e WONCreTE DCA PABLNESTY NOT Peewee: cc, the value of the rate constant nk 2 blope -\ky 2 -O.U We OAs, 4. Predict the pressure of CSPEOFTaHer 900; OWTTHE TAR ofthe reaction. (Hint: to determine the order ofthe reaction with respect to C:HOH, compare how the pressure of C.H,OH decreases with each ime listing Poeansorty, = — et + Pleansoid, Peabo = — 0-130 ~y. {0.6 + 250-ferr = 14, The decomposition of dimethyl ether, (CH),0 at SEC is «Gis-order process With «fe constant of 6.8 x 107 57 (CH,),0(@) > CHu(g) + Hg) + COW) ital pressure of (CH;):0 i 135 tor, what is its pressure after 1420 5? Mn Fondo, = “Ke * Wn Peat, "6 in terms of pressure units in atm and time in seconds) La Pumaoe 2 GB x10 NS (sH209) & a LiBStore) Wkudeoe = 0.4856 A405 = 3.9U tore Pug os ¢ 28 2 61.4 ber 15, The halite for "K is 1.3 x 10° years “What peséent of ihe original remade ater 3.9 x 10° ans? Radioactive decay is a ° phocess. a \M = oto +4, = *U_—* k= 2K > = Za nto%yeg = S33 KI yes”! Wal 2 - 5:33 KIT yes "(3.4 MO4 yea) & IWCL.0O], Revie: 2018-824 Wa Cady = -2. 87 0.19 cemacny ok \.00 (ales oOo = 0.1L6 40|\390 cerwiasExercise 12.4 Name Integrated Rate Laws & Reaction Half-Life Date:___ Per___ AP Chemistry 16. The dimerization of butadiene was studied at 500 K, and the following data were obtained: 2 CiHdg) ~* CHnlg) Time (9) [GH] molly CG -VAe xior& 0.943, 195 16x 107 a ae 04 15107 KU _y.ay x10" 0.48! 1246 13 = 10" O NAD 2180 Leo" ait ae TIO? Fp FR OW O88 ‘Assuming that Rate =~ ALCsHo]_ determine the form ofthe rate law, the integrated rate law, and the rate constant for ar this reaction, (These are actual experimental data so they may not give a perfectly straight line.) pee vate= Coabel” +. = i Baad Zand, ? Mae ke 0.0VK M5" (Croom, tageessren atiolysrs eabevlahen) termine the form of the integrated rate law and the rate law for the decomposition of benzenediazonium chloride: Sone CaHaNsCKaq) — CeHSCKD) + NXg) AA following data, which were collected at 50°C and 1 atm (the total solution volume was 40.0 mL). a Vong PY¥Za@T is (echoes Time ©) MEd ml) 1 as a C= oa 0.08 6 193 7.28 10 4eg\ G.t00 2000 own x =0- 0.0205 I 250) 1.81 xy wel (22x10? -4:81 410% /o.0400L W L =0-%4 © ,0210 us 30 Ueno sal bie? L364 8-1 /o ouon = ‘ous, (0 nie 3’ Exe 220-86 ne 30. 50.4 Vinee Soe Gor wer? 2 58.3 2.20% 19 73 we\/0.0400U rate = CceeNeci]! Inficettenrci, = -ke tn Coatenircile 18. A compound decomposes b leah corcartraben of (eahette pike Ne eveWeh 2 melts Cals NEA rosie ep aayiecntiet soe sees 125% of he compound decomposes 8 S00 mints determine the half-life of the compound. HEF VOOR OWOTD 2 cou aie! WOR = de © Info =GO.0%wn UnEeaFD=eleramd WD a, 6 A coNgG uct = MA Fon 19, The reaction below iGo [H.0,): 21,02 1) + 2H,0() + O3(e) A solution originally at 0.600 M HO; is found to be 0.075 M after 54 min, Find the half-1 Ina deeb tn (Bie. Los \WnEeSe Weblo 2 InLootst - Infouool 2 6.03850 mm"! \wttde “nb Ale - Inbootsd = aleuc’s e we = Shen te OH = Oar! [emautes | of this reaction, Revised: 2018.09.24