Mathematics10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 – Module 8: Finding the nth term of Geometric Sequence

and Geometric Means

LESSON 1: Question 1
Finding the nth term of a geometric sequence
Step Time (in Number of Discussion
What I Need to Know minutes) person/s
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: 1. identify the 0 1 In 0 minute, the
given on the number of person
1. find the common ratio of the given geometric
situations. In is only one it’s the
sequence;
one minute, messenger
2. find the nth term of the given geometric sequence;
the knows about the
and
messenger meeting.
3. apply the formula for the nth term of the geometric
can relay 3
sequence.
persons.
Materials needed
Paper, pencil, bond paper Step Time (in Number of Discussion
minutes) person/s
What I Know 2.Identify 1 1•3=3 The operations to use
Answer the following problems. what is multiplication. In
1. The geometric sequence that has fourth term 4.05 operation to order to find in one
use in minute, the
and first term – 0.15. Find the common ratio. finding the messenger can relay
2. Find the 5th term of a geometric sequence in which the person/s in the message in three
every persons. 1 multiply by
third term is 648 and the common ratio is 3. minute/s to 3 is 3.
3. What is the 6th term of the geometric sequence be inform in
the meeting.
3.Multiply 2 3•3=9 Three is the product
the previous from the previous
number of minute and 3 is the
4. What is the next term in the geometric sequence 4, – the product common number. 3
16, 64? by the multiply by 3 is 9. So,
common in 2 minutes the
5. Find the missing terms in a geometric sequence 13, – number. messenger relays the
39, __, __, –1 053, __ message to 9
persons.
What’s New 4.Do step 3 3 9 • 3 = 27 In 3 minutes, 9
Let’s explore with the multiply by 3 is 27.
1. Find the next four terms of 4, 12, 36, 108, … preceding 4 27 • 3 = 81 In 4 minutes, 27
value. multiply by 3 is 81.
Solution and Discussion 5 81 • 3 = 243 In 5 minutes, 81
Solution Discussion multiply by 3 is 243.
12 ÷ 4 = 3 To find the common ratio, divide any term 6 243 • 3 = In 6 minutes, 243
36 ÷ 12 = 3 after the first by the preceding term. So, 729 multiply by 3 is 729.
r=3 12 divided by 4 is 3 and 36 divided by 12 7 729 • 3 = In 7 minutes, 729
is also 3. The common ratio is 3. 2187 multiply by 3 is 2187.
108 • 3 = 324 After finding the common ratio. Multiply 8 2187 • 3 = In 8 minutes, 2187
324 • 3 = 972 the last term of the sequence by 3. So, 6561 multiply by 3 is 6561.
972 • 3 = 2 916 108 multiply by 3 is 324, 324 multiply by 3
2916 • 3 = 8 748 is 972 and continue multiplying until the Question 2
next four terms are obtained. Based on the table on question 1, the sequence of the
Therefore, the next four terms of the number of persons who received the message after every
sequence are 324, 972, 2 916 and 8 748. minute are 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729, 2187, 6561.

2. The barangay Captain plans to call a meeting. The Notice that each term after the first is found by
barangay Captain send a messenger to relay the multiplying a constant 3 to its preceding term.
message. In every minute, the messenger can relay
to three persons. Question 3
The sequence 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729, 2187, 6561 is
1. Complete the table below. not an arithmetic sequence since there is no common
Time in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 difference. Each term after the first is determined by multiplying
minutes a common 3 to its preceding term. Then the sequence is
No. of 1 geometric.
persons
Question 4
2. Write the sequence formed by the number of persons As shown by the table, there are 6 561 individuals
who received the message in 7 minutes. Is there a who received the message in 8 minutes.
pattern to obtain the number of persons? Time in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3. Is the sequence an arithmetic sequence? If not, what minutes
sequence do you think? Why? No. of 1 3 9 27 81 243 729 2187 6561
persons
4. How many persons received the message in eight
minutes? Let’s try this
A. Find the missing terms in each geometric
sequence.
Solutions and Discussion 1. 4, 12, 36, ___, ___.
2. ___, ___, 36, 72, 144
To complete the table above, follow the following 3. – 4, ___, ___, –108, –324, ___.
steps below. B. Determine the indicated term in each geometric
sequence.

1
 Mathematics10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 – Module 8: Finding the nth term of Geometric Sequence
and Geometric Means
4. 4, 2, 1, … 12th term 21 =a1(3) Step 3. Substitute the a2 = 21 and r = 3.
5. 12, 24, 48, … 10th term
Then multiply both by .
What Is It 7 =a1 Step 4. The first term is 7.
The nonzero constant is the common ratio in a
geometric sequence is denoted by r. if a1 is the first term, then Use the formula an = a1rn-1 to solve for a9
the second term is a1r, the third term is a1r2, and so on. We can
a9 = 7(3)9-1 Step 1. Apply the Product law of exponents.
write a general formula for the nth term of a geometric
sequence as follows: =7(3)8 Step 2. Substitute the a1 = 7 and r = 3.
=7(6 561) Step 3. Get the product of 7 and 6 561 to
The nth term an of a geometric sequence with the first =45 927 get 45 927.
term a1 and the common ratio r is given by Thus, 9th term of the sequence is 45 927.
an = a1rn-1, Assessment
where n is a counting number. Directions: choose the letter of the correct answer from the
items that follow.
Example 1: Find the 8th term of the geometric sequence 8,
12, 18, … 1. What is the next term in the geometric sequence 11, –22,
44, ___?
Solution: To find the common ratio by dividing the any term in A. – 78 B. 88 C. – 88 D. – 98
the sequence by the
term that precedes it. 2. If two geometric means are inserted between 3 and –24,
find the second geometric mean.
A. 6 B. – 6 C. 12 D. – 12
3. What is the 5th term of the geometric sequence –4, –1,-1/4?

Let substitute the value of a1 = 8, r = , and n= 8 in the nth

A. B. C. D.
term formula to find the a8.
an = a1rn-1 Step 1. Use the general formula 4. Find the eight term of a geometric sequence where the third
for geometric sequence. is 8 and the common ratio is 2.
a8 = 8( )8-1 Step 2. Substitute values for a1, n, A. 162 B. 256 C. 128 D. 512
and r in the formula.
5. Find the 5th term of the geometric sequence 375,75, 15, …?
a8 = 8( )7 Step 3. Apply the Product law of A. B. C. D. 1
exponents.
6. Insert the three geometric means between and 196. What
a8 = 8( ) Step 4. Get the product of 8 and
is the second geometric mean?
( ). A. 4 B.16 C. 24 D. 28
7. Find the common ratio for the geometric sequence that has
a8 = ( ) Result of the product first term is 2 and fifth term is 1 250.
A. 2 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
8. Find the 9th term of the geometric sequence 1024, 512,
Therefore, the 8th term is ( ). 256, …
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
9. Find the 9th term of a geometric sequence in which the third
Example 2: Find the ninth term of a geometric sequence in term is 81 and the common ratio is 3.
which the second term is 21 and the common ratio is 3. A. 16 983 C. 18 983
B. B. 17 683 D. 19 683
Solutions: 10. Determine the common ratio when a2 = 243 and a5 = 9.
Method 1: To find the ninth term, start with the second A. B. C. D.
term and multiply the
Common ratio by the proceeding term as follows: LESSON 2: Geometric Means
What I Need to Know
a2= 21 Step 1. Start with the 2nd term which is At the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
21.
1. find the geometric mean/s of the given geometric
a3= 21(3) = 63 Step 2. Find the 3rd term. Get the
product of 21 and 3 is 63. sequence.
a4= 63(3) = 189 Step 3. Find the 4th term. Get the 2. solve problems involving geometric sequence.
product of 63 and 3 is 189.
a5= 189(3) = 567 Step 4. Find the 5th term. Get the What I Know
product of 189 and 3 is 567. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen
a6= 567(3) = 1 701 Step 5. Find the 6th term. Get the letter on a separate sheet of paper.
product of 567 and 3 is 1 701.
a7= 1 701(3) = 5 Step 6. Find the 7th term. Get the
103 product of 1 701 and 3 is 5 103. 1. If three geometric means are inserted between 3 and 1
a8= 5 103(3) = 15 Step 7. Find the 8th term. Get the 875, find the second geometric mean.
309 product of 5 103 and 3 is 15 309. A. 75 B. 15 C. 37 D. 85
a9= 15 309(3) = 45 Step 8. Find the 9th term. Get the
2. Insert three geometric means between 14 and 224.
927 product of 15 309 and 3 is 45 927.
What is the second geometric means?
Method 2: First, we find the first term a1 where the given is A. 28 B. 56 C. 112 D. 65
a2 = 21 and r = 3. 3. Find the 9th term of a geometric sequence in which the
third term is 2 and the common ratio is 3.
an = a1rn-1 Step 1. Use the general formula for
A. 1 548 B. 1 458
geometric sequence.
a2 = a1r2-1 Step 2. Apply the Product law of C. 1 845 D. 1 485
exponents.

2
 Mathematics10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 – Module 8: Finding the nth term of Geometric Sequence
and Geometric Means
4. The geometric mean between the first two terms in a What’s New
geometric sequence is 32. If the third term is – 64, find Let’s explore
the first term.
A. 8 B. 16 C. – 8 D. – 16 1. The manager of a company plans to call a meeting to
the head in each department. The manager sends his
5. If the three means are inserted between – 27 and .
secretary to relay the message. In every minute, the
What is the second geometric mean? secretary can relay to two persons.
A. 1 B. – 3 C. 3 D. 9
6. The geometric sequence that has fourth term 189 and a. Complete the table below.
first term 7. Find the common ratio.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6 Time in 0 1 2 3 4
minutes
7. The two geometric means between – 16 and are No. of 1
persons
_____.
A. and C. and b. Write the sequence formed by the number of persons
who received the message in 4 minutes. Is there a
B. and D. and pattern to obtain the number of persons?
8. The geometric means between the fourth term and the
c. What are the numbers of heads of the company
seventh term of the sequence are _____, between two and sixteen?
respectively. Solution and Discussion
A. and C. and
Question 1, To complete the table above, follow the
following steps below.
B. and D. and

9. What is the general or nth term for a geometric Step Time Num Discussion
(in ber of
sequence with a1=16 and a7= . minut perso
n-1 n-1
es) n/s
A. an = 32( C. an = 16(
1. identify the 0 1 In 0 minute, the number
given on the of person is only one it’s
B. B. an = 32( n D. an = 16( n
situations. In one the secretary knows
minute, the about the meeting.
10. Find the common ratio of the geometric sequence in secretary can
which a5 = 5 and a10 = . relay 2 persons.
2.identify what 1 1 • 2= The operations to use is
A. 5 B. C. D. operation to use in 2 multiplication. In order to
finding the find in one minute, the
person/s in every secretary can relay the
What’s In minute/s to be message in two persons.
In previous lesson, we defined a geometric inform in the 1 multiply by 2 is 2.
sequence is a sequence in which each successive term is meeting.
3.multiply the 2 2•2 Two is the product from
obtained from the preceding term by multiplying it by a fixed previous number =4 the previous minute and
number called the common ratio. To get the common ratio, of the product by 2 is the common
the common number. 2 multiply by 2
divide the succeeding term by the preceding term. number is 4. So, in 2 minutes the
Example 1: A geometric sequence is 5, 10, 20, 40, messenger relays the
message to 4 persons.
80. The first term of this geometric sequence is 5, and each 3 4•2 In 3 minutes, 4 multiply
succeeding term is obtained by multiplying the preceding term =8 by 2 is 8.
4 8•2 In 4 minutes, 8 multiply
by common ratio is 2.
= 16 by 2 is 16.
From the example above, what are the numbers Question 2
between the first term is 5 and the fifth term is 80? We notice, Based on the table on question 1, the
sequence of the number of persons who received the
that the numbers between 5 and 80 are 10, 20 and 40. message after every minute are 2, 4, 8, 16.
Example 2: What are the two numbers between 1 and Notice that each term after the first is found by

343? First, we find the common ratio using the formula an = multiplying a constant 2 to its preceding term.

a1 rn-1, we substitute the given values a1=1 and a5=343. We Question 3

The sequence 2, 4, 8, 16. Therefore, the
have, numbers between 2 and 16 are 4 and 8. These
an = a1rn-1 Use the given formula. numbers between the two nonconsecutive terms in a
343 = 1r4-1 Substitute the given values a1=1 and geometric sequence is called geometrics means.
a5=343
343 = 1r3 Apply MPE. 2. Insert two geometric means between three and
=r Get the cube root of 343. eighty-one.
7=r The value of r is 7. Solution and Discussion

Therefore, the common ratio is 7. Steps Expression/ Discussion

Equation
We multiply the preceding term by 7. The geometric What is asked? 3, __, ___, There are four terms in
sequence is 1, 7, 49 and 343. The numbers between 1 and 81 the sequence. You
343 are 7 and 49. insert two terms a2, a3

3
 Mathematics10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 – Module 8: Finding the nth term of Geometric Sequence
and Geometric Means
between 3 and 81. What are given? a1 = 4, n = 4, To find the common
Using the formula of a4 = 32 ratio, the rule needs the
geometric sequence in values a1, n and a4. The
order to complete the value of a1 = 4, n = 4,
sequence. and a4 = 32.
What are a1 = 3, n = 4, To find the common What rule is an = a1rn-1 The formula for
given? a4 = 81 ratio, the rule needs the needed? geometric sequence is
values a1, n and a4. The an = a1rn-1
value of a1 = 3, n = 4, Solution a4 = a1r4-1 Substitute the values for
and a4 = 81 32 = 4r3 a1, n and a4.
What rule is an = a1rn-1 The formula for
needed? geometric sequence is 8 = r3 Multiply the equation by
an = a1rn-1.
Solution a4 = a1r4-1 Substitute the values for =
81 = 3r3 a1, n and a4.
Take the 3th root of
r=2 both sides of the
27 = r3 Multiply the equation by
equation.
a2 = a1rn-1
= = 4(2) 2-1
Take the 3th root of both = 4(2)
r=3 sides of the equation. =8 Finding the two
geometric means using
a2 = a1rn-1 a3= a1rn-1 r=2
= 3(3) 2-1 Finding the two = 4(2) 3-1
= 3(3) geometric means using = 4(2) 2 Therefore, the
=9 r=3 = 4(4) geometric means
= 16 between 4 and 32 are 8
a3= a1rn-1 therefore, the geometric and 16.
= 3(3) 3-1 means between 3 and
= 3(3) 2 81 are 9 and 27
= 3(9) Example 2. Find the three geometric means between and
= 27
.

Let’s try this

Answer the following items. Show your solutions. Study the given solution below.
Steps Expression/ Discussion
A. Find the three geometric means between each pair of Equation
numbers. What is There are five
1. 81 and 1 asked? , __, ___, ___, terms in the
2. 8 and 648 sequence we
B. Find the two geometric means between each pair of going to insert
numbers. three terms a2,
3. 192 and 3 a3,a4 between
4. – 32 and 4
C. Find the geometric mean between each pair of a1= and
numbers.
5. and a5= .
What are To find the
What Is It given? a1 = , n = 5, a5 = common ratio,
We described arithmetic means as the terms between the rule needs
two non-consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence. the values a1, n
Similarly, inserting a certain number of terms between two non- and a4. The
consecutive terms in a geometric sequence are called value of a1 = ,
geometric means. In the sequence 1, 4, 16, 64, 256, …, the
three geometric means between 1 and 256 are 4, 16, and 64. n = 5, a5 =
We can use the common ratio to find the geometric means of .
a given sequence.

Example 1. Insert two geometric means between 4 and32.

Here is the solution. Steps Expression/ Equation Discussion

Steps Expression/ Discussion What an = a1 rn-1 The formula for
Equation rule is geometric
What is asked? 4, __, ___, 32 There are four terms in needed? sequence.
the sequence. You
insert two terms a2, a3
between 4 and 32. By
using the formula, to
find the two missing
terms.

4
 Mathematics10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 – Module 8: Finding the nth term of Geometric Sequence
and Geometric Means
Solution a5 = a1r5-1 Substitute the therefore, the geometric mean between 15 and 135 is 45.
values for a1, n
= r4 and a4. Assessment
Directions: choose the letter of the correct answer from the
Multiply the
256 = r4 items that follow.
equation by 4
=
Take the 4th 1. If three geometric means are inserted between 13 and 208,
root of both find the second geometric mean.
sides of the A. 75 B. 52 C. 104 D. 26
r=±4 equation. 2. Insert two geometric means between 4 750 and 38. What is
the second geometric means?
The common A. 152 B. 180 C. 190 D. 950
ratios are r = ± 3. Find the 8th term of a geometric sequence in which the third
if = 4, 4. term is 36 and the common ratio is – 3.
A. 8 485 B. – 8 485 C. – 8 845 D. 8 845
a2 = a1rn-1 We obtained 4. The geometric mean between the first two terms in a
two values of r, geometric sequence is 567. If the third term is 1 701, find the
= (4)2-1 so we have two first term.
geometric A. 189 B. 119 C. 198 D. 185
= (4)1 sequences.
5. If the three means are inserted between 8 and . What is
Let r = 4, find the second geometric mean?
=
the a2, a3, and
a3. A. B. C. D.
a3 = a1 rn-1 a4 = a1 rn-1
6. The geometric sequence that has fourth term and first
= (4)3-1 = (4)4-1
term . Find the common ratio.
Thus, the
= = (4)2 = (4)3 A. B. 3 C. D.
geometric

= (16) = (64) means are 7. The two geometric means between 24 and are _____.

A. 4 and C. – 4 and
= = , , .
B. 4 and D. – 4 and
if = – 4 Let r = – 4 , 8. The geometric means between the fourth term and the
a2 = a1rn-1 find the a2, a3,
and a3. seventh term of the sequence are _____,
= (–4)2-1
respectively.
= (–4)1 A. and C. and

= B. and D. and
9. What is the general or nth term for a geometric sequence
a3 = a1rn-1 a4 = a1rn-1 with a1=2 and
thus, the
= (– 4)3-1 = (– 4)4-1 geometric
a5 = .

means are
n-1 n-1
= (– 4)2 = (– 4)3 A. an = 4( C. an = 2(
, , n n
= (16) = (– 64) B. an = 4( D. an = 2(
10. Find the common ratio of the geometric sequence in which a3=
= = 36 and a5 =324.
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6
If a single geometric mean is inserted between two
numbers, it is called the geometric mean or the mean
proportional of the numbers. If b is the geometric mean
between a and d, then a, b, d, form a geometric sequence and

b2 = ad or b =
An example, what is the geometric mean of 15 and
135? By using the equation b2 = ad or b = the values of
a = 15 and d = 135. we have,
b= substitute the value of a = 15 and d
= 135
b= get the product of 15 and 135
b = 45 get the square root of 525 and the
result is 45.

5
 Mathematics 10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 Module 9: Lesson 1-Sum of Finite Geometric Sequence
Lesson 2- Sum of Infinite Geometric Sequence

LESSON 1:
Sum of Finite Geometric Sequence

What I Need to Know

In this lesson, you will work on finding the sum of first nth geometric sequence also:
• Define and illustrate geometric series
• Derive the formula to find the sum of finite geometric sequence
• Appreciate the concept of finding the sum of geometric sequence in real-life
What’s In
Determine whether the following geometric sequence is finite or infinite. Write FIN if it is finite geometric
sequence and find the common ratio. Write INF if it is infinite geometric sequence and write the next term.
1. 5,15,45,135 2. 4, 20, 100, 500, … 3. 32, 16, 8, 4, 2
4. 125, 25, 5, 1, … 5. 3,9, 27, 81, …
What’s New
Let’s explore

Activity 1. SUMone Texted Me

As a concern netizen you send a chain text message “Reminder: Wear your Mask and Wash your Hands this COVID-19
Pandemic” to 3 friends at 7:00 am, and then each of them passes the text message to 3 new people within the hour and so
on. The number of recipients of the text message every hour forms a geometric sequence.

Time 7:00 AM 8:00 AM 9:00 AM 10:00 AM 11:00 AM 12:00 AM 1:00 PM

Number of text Recipients 1 3 9
. . . .

Guide Questions:
1. Do you see a pattern in the sequence?
2. How many people will have received the text message by 10 a.m? by 11:00 am? by 12:00 am? by 1:00
pm?
3. How did you find the number of people who received the text messages?
4. How many people have received the text messages from 7:00 am to 1:00 p.m.?
In the activity, we can see a pattern in the sequence of text messages send. The text messages received
at 10:00 AM are 27, by 11:00 AM are 81, 12:00 AM are 243. The terms in the series g form a geometric sequence
with first term (a1) = 1 and constant ratio 3. The total number of people received the text messages from 7:00 am
to 1:00 pm are 1093.

What Is It
Let us study the terminologies and forms of the sum of finite geometric sequence.
Step Figure/ Expression Discussion
𝑎1 + 𝑎1 𝑟 + 𝑎1 𝑟 2 + 𝑎1 𝑟 3 + . . . +𝑎1 𝑟 𝑛−1 Geometric series- sum of the terms
Form of a of a geometric sequence.
Geometric Finite geometric series- represents
Series 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑎1 + 𝑎1 𝑟 + 𝑎1 𝑟 2 + 𝑎1 𝑟 3 + . . . +𝑎1 𝑟 𝑛−1 the sum of a finite number of terms in
a geometric sequence.
𝑆𝑛 = 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠,
𝒏 = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠

From the First term (𝑎1 ) is 1, common ratio r is

Activity 1, 7:00 8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 1:00 3 and n (count the number of hours
Write the people receive SMS) is 7. Then we
geometric 1ST 2nd 3rd 4th term 5th term 6th term 7th can generate a geometric sequence.
series form. term term term term
1 3 9 27 81 243 729
1 + 3 + 9 + 27 + 81 + 243 + 729
What is the Let 𝑺𝟕 be the number of hours from 7 to 1:00 pm And yes, it is easier to just add them
sum of the in this example, as there are only 7
people who 𝑺𝟕 = 1 + 3 + 9 + 27 + 81 + 243 + 729 terms. But people geometrically
received the increase. Imagine adding 50 terms
chain 𝑺𝟕 = 1 + 3 + 9 + 27 + 81 + 243 + 729 …
message by then formula is much easier.
1pm? 𝑺𝟕 = 1093

As with Arithmetic series, there are formulas for the values of geometric series. To derive the formula
let’s study this first.

6
Mathematics 10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 Module 9: Lesson 1-Sum of Finite Geometric Sequence
Lesson 2- Sum of Infinite Geometric Sequence
Step Figure/ Expression Discussion
𝑎1 = 2, 𝑟 = 2, 𝑛 = 5 Let 𝑺𝟓 be the sum of the first 5 terms in a
For sequence
example, 𝑺𝟓= 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32
Multiply both sides by the common ratio 2,
1 2(𝑆5 ) = 2(2) + 2(4) + 2(8) + 2(16) + 2(32)
2 2𝑆5 = 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 + 64 We get 2𝑆5
𝑆5 = 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 Subtract 2𝑆5 from 𝑆5
- (2𝑆5 = 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 + 64) *Notice that if each term of many values is
identical to those in the original series
3
𝑆5 = 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 32 Multiply both sides by -1
−2𝑆5 = −4 − 8 − 16 − 32 − 64
𝑆5 − 2𝑆5 = 2 “all these go” - 64
−𝑆5 = −62
𝑆5 = 62
Sum of finite geometric sequence
4 𝑆5 = 62 “tada”
What’s More

Activity 1: Do the SUM!

Use the formula in finding the sum of the given finite geometric sequence. (1 point in every correct step)

Example 1: Find the sum of the first 10 terms of the geometric sequence 3, 6, 12, 24, …
Solution: 𝑎1 = 3
r = 6÷ 3 = 2

Using the formula for the sum of the first nth terms of a geometric sequence, we have
𝑎1 (1−𝑟𝑛 )
𝑆𝑛 =
1−𝑟
3[1−(2)10 ]
Step 1 𝑆𝑛 = Substitute the given values,
1−2
3[1−1024]
Step 2 𝑆𝑛 = Raise 2 to the 10th,
1−2
3(1−1024)
Step 3 𝑆𝑛 = Subtract the denominator,
−1
3(−1023)
Step 4 𝑆𝑛 = Subtract the numerator and
−1
−3069
Step 5 𝑆𝑛 = = 1,023 multiply then divide.
−1

Example 2: Find the sum of the first 7 terms of the geometric sequence 3, -6, 12, -24, …
Solution: 𝑎1 = 3
r = -6÷ 3 = -2

Using the formula for the sum of the first nth terms of a geometric sequence, we have
𝑎1 (1−𝑟𝑛 )
𝑆𝑛 =
1−𝑟
3[1−(−2)7 ]
Step 1 𝑆𝑛 = Substitute the given values,
1−(−2)
3[1+128]
Step 2 𝑆𝑛 = Raise 2 to the 7th,
1+2
3(1+128)
Step 3 𝑆𝑛 = Add the denominator,
3
3(129)
Step 4 𝑆𝑛 = Add the numerator and,
3
387
Step 5 𝑆𝑛 = = 129 multiply then divide.
3

Assessment (Lesson 1)
Guided Assessment
1.It represents the sum of a finite number of terms in a geometric sequence?
A. Finite geometric sequence B. Finite Geometric Sequence
C. Infinite geometric sequence D. Finite Geometric Series
2. What is the formula in finding the sum of finite geometric sequence?
A. 𝑆𝑛 (1 − 𝑟) = 𝑎1 (1 − 𝑟 𝑛 ) B. 𝑆𝑛 (1 − 𝑟) = 𝑎1 (1 − rn)
𝑎 (1−𝑟 𝑛)
C. 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑎1 (1 − 𝑟 𝑛 ) D. 𝑆𝑛 = 1
1−𝑟
3. What value of r does the formula not applicable?
A. 1 B. -1 C. 2 D.-2
4. Which of the following illustrate finite geometric series form?
A. 4 +(-2) +1 B. 4+(-2) +1+… C. 4+6+8+ D. 4, -2, 1
5. Which of the following written in finite geometric sequence form?
A. 2,4,8,16 B. 2+4+6+10 C. 2, 4, 8, 16, … D. 2, 4, 6, 10
For 6-10. Find the sum of the following
2 4 8
6. 1+ + + + … n= 7
3 9 27
2059 463 65
A. B. C. D. 1
729 729 27
1
7. 𝑎1 = 125, 𝑟 = , 𝑛 = 5
5
A.1025 B. 1275 C. 1375 D. 1575
8. -3 + 12 – 48 + … up to 11 terms
A.-2516583 B. 2516385 C.312283 D.41253
Mathematics 10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 Module 9: Lesson 1-Sum of Finite Geometric Sequence
Lesson 2- Sum of Infinite Geometric Sequence
9. 20 + (-40) + 80 + … n= 5
A.420 B. 220 C. 120 D. 100
10. What is the sum of the first 5 geometric series 1+4+16+…?
A.121 B. 146 C. 242 D. 341
For 11-13. Determine the first term (𝑎1 ) in each geometric series
11. 𝑎1 =? , 𝑟 = −3, 𝑆13 = −2790067
A.-9 B. -8 C. -7 D. 5
12. 𝑎1 =? , 𝑟 = 2, 𝑆19 = 6291444
A.3 B.6 C.12 D. 24
4 12606
13. 𝑎1 =? , 𝑟 = , 𝑆5 =
5 4375
2 1 6
A. 1 B. C. D. −
3 5 7

Problem Solving

A billionaire decided to bid vintage car for a cause called “15 days donation’’ during the pandemic COVID-19. By
donating 1 dollar on day 1, 3 dollars on day 2, 9$ on day 3, and so on, through day 15. The donations form a
geometric sequence.

14. What is the total amount of the donation in first 5 days?

A.81$ B.121$ C.130$ D.150$
15. What is the total amount of donation until day 15?
A.650,830$ B.7,174,450$ C.7,174,453$ D.7,273,111$

LESSON 2:
Sum of Infinite Geometric Sequence
What I Need to Know

In this lesson, you will work on finding the sum of infinite geometric sequence, also:
• Determine converge and diverge infinite geometric sequence
• Find the sum of infinite geometric sequence
• Appreciate the concept of finding the sum of infinite geometric sequence

What I Know

1. It is a geometric series where the terms cannot be counted.

A. Finite Geometric Series B. Finite Geometric Sequence
C. Infinite Geometric Series D. Infinite Geometric Sequence

2. Which of the following illustrate Infinite Geometric Series?

A. 1, -3, 9, -27 B. 1+(-3) +9+(-27) +…
C. 1+3+6+9… D. 1 +(-3) +9

3. Which of the following infinite geometric series that is convergent?

A. 13+52+208+… B. 1+0.5+0.25+…
B. C. -3+24-192+… D. 2+4+8+...
C.
From 6-10, Find the sum of infinity.
4. 20+ 6 + 1.8 + 0.54 + …
200 400 5 100
A. B. C. D.
7 17 7 7
7 7 7 7
5. + + + + ⋯
2 10 50 250
35 55 20 40
A. B. C. D.
8 7 7 8

What’s In
Unlock the terms in finding the sum of geometric sequence in the following activity.

Activity 1: Unscramble Me: Rearrange the following scrambled letter.

1. MUS
2. ESIRSE
3. GOMERICTE RESIRE
4. GOMERICTE INIFET RESIRE
5. GOMERICTE NITEFINI RESIRE

Definition:
✓ Sum means add or the total number of something.
✓ Series is the indicated sum of the terms of sequence.
✓ Geometric series indicate the sum of geometric sequence.
✓ Finite geometric series is a geometric series where the terms are countable (having limits).
✓ Infinite geometric is a geometric series where the terms cannot be counted (having no
✓ limits).
Mathematics 10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 Module 9: Lesson 1-Sum of Finite Geometric Sequence
Lesson 2- Sum of Infinite Geometric Sequence
What Is It
Is it possible to get the sum of an infinite number of terms in a geometric sequence?
Figure/ Expression Discussion
Infinite geometric series- represents
Form of infinite 𝑎1 + 𝑎1 𝑟, +𝑎1 𝑟 2 … 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 − 1 > 𝑟 < 1 the sum of infinite number of terms in a
geometric series geometric sequence.
What is the value The value of 𝑟 𝑛 decreases and
of the common −𝟏 < 𝒓 < 𝟏 converges to zero. Meaning, r must be
ratio? between (not including) -1 and 1
Illustration, same P Let H, stand from initial point and P stand
as the activity
H 1 unit away from H.
Shade Me, not all
the region of 1 If H were to keep taking paces like this
original square be 0 2 1 1 1 forever, H would never be able to stand
shaded but we 4 beyond P. But if H want to get within a
can add up the H is taking half from a distance to P
8 distance d > 0 of P, H definitely get
1 1 1 1
whole thing + + + + ⋯ ∞, but has finite sum there, d=1
2 4 8 16
1 1 1 1
+ + + + ⋯+ ∞ = 1
2 4 8 16
From the activity, 1 1 1 1 1 By adding up
+ + + + ⋯ = 1 ,common ratio
2 4 8 16 2 1 1 1
we can derive the + + + ⋯ ∞ equals exactly 1.
which −𝟏 < 𝒓 < 𝟏 2 4 8
formula of sum to
infinity
From the distance H to P and the whole
thing of original square.
0 1
Formula of the Factor out. If n is infinitely increasing and
sum of finite 𝒂𝟏 (𝟏 − 𝒓𝒏 ) 𝒂𝟏 𝒂𝟏 𝒓𝒏 𝟏 < 𝒓 < 𝟏, 𝟏
𝒂 𝒓𝒏
geometric 𝑺𝒏 = = − 𝟏−𝒓
𝟏−𝒓 𝟏−𝒓 𝟏−𝒓 approaches to 0.
This formula is
𝒂𝟏
also known as the 𝑺∞ = , 𝒘𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆 – 𝟏 < 𝒓 < 𝟏 The sum of the terms of an infinite
𝟏−𝒓
sum of infinity geometric sequence.

Now let’s try to find the sum of infinite geometric sequence generated from the original square given from
𝒂
the DO THIS activity using the formula, 𝑺∞ = 𝟏 .
𝟏−𝒓
1 1 1 1
Example 1. Find the sum of infinite geometric series + + + +⋯
2 4 8 16
𝟏 𝟏
Solution: 𝒂𝟏 = , 𝒓 =
𝟐 𝟐
Using the formula, we have
𝟏 𝟏
𝒂𝟏 𝟐 𝟐
𝑺∞ = = 𝟏 = 𝟏 =𝟏 See it works!
𝟏−𝒓 𝟏−
𝟐 𝟐
There are two types of infinite sequence convergent and divergent. Study the table below of their
comparison.
Convergent Divergent
Guide Questions (has sum of infinite geometric (does not have sum of infinite geometric sequence)
sequence)

Example 1 1 1 1 1
+ + + +⋯
2 4 8 16 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, …
What is the common ratio of the 1
given sequence? 2 2
𝑺𝒏 no exact finite
What happen to the values of N 1 2 3 4 n 1 2 3 4 number to
𝑺𝒏 as n increases? 𝑺𝒏 1 3 7 15 approach as n
increases
2 4 8 16 𝑺𝒏 2 6 12 20

𝑺𝒏 approaches 1 as n increases
Does the given infinite
sequence have a finite sum? Yes No
1 1
Example 2 4−1+ − +⋯ 4, -16, 64, -256, …
4 16
What is the common ratio of the 1 −4 , 𝑟 ≤ −1
given sequence? −
4
𝑺𝒏 is not
N 1 2 3 4 N 1 2 3 4
What happens to the values of guaranteed to
𝑺𝒏 as n increases? 13 51 approach a finite
𝑺𝒏 4 3 4 16 𝑺𝒏 4 -12 52 -204 number

𝑺𝒏 approaches to 1 as n
increases
Does the given infinite
sequence have a finite sum? Yes No
Mathematics 10 – Quarter 1 Week 4 Module 9: Lesson 1-Sum of Finite Geometric Sequence
Lesson 2- Sum of Infinite Geometric Sequence
Now, we are dealing with infinite geometric sequence which has a sum of infinity (convergent). Let’s try
another example.
Which of the following infinite geometric series has a sum (convergent)? If convergent find the sum.
2 4 8 16 3 3 3 3
1. 50 + 25 + 12.5 + 6.25 + … 2. + + + + ⋯ 3. + (− ) + + (− ) + ⋯
3 3 3 3 4 16 64 256
1 1
For numbers 1 and 3 they are convergent (have a sum) since their r is and - − respectively. While number 2
2 4
has no sum because the common ratio r is 2 which do not satisfy the condition of convergence – 1 < 𝑟 < 1 .

Find the sum of number 1 and 2

1. 50 + 25 + 12.5 + 6.25 + …
𝟏
Solution: 𝒂𝟏 = 𝟓𝟎, 𝒓 =
𝟐
Using the formula, substitute the given values in the formula;

𝒂𝟏 𝟓𝟎 𝟓𝟎
𝑺∞ = = 𝟏 = 𝟏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝑺∞ = 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝟏−𝒓 𝟏−𝟐 𝟐

3 3 3 3
3. + (− 16) + 64 + (− 256) + ⋯
4

𝟑 𝟏
Solution: 𝒂𝟏 = , 𝒓 = −
𝟒 𝟒
Using the formula, substitute the given values in the formula;
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
𝒂𝟏 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟏𝟓
𝑺∞ = = 𝟏 = 𝟏 = 𝟓 =
𝟏−𝒓 𝟏 − (− ) 𝟏+ 𝟏𝟔
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
15
𝑆∞ =
16
Try this example
15 𝟑
If 𝑺∞ = , 𝒂𝟏 = , find r?
16 𝟒

𝒂𝟏
Use the formula, 𝒓 = − +𝟏
𝑺∞

𝟑
𝟒
𝒓 = − 15 +𝟏 Substitute the given values.
16

𝟒𝟖
𝑟=− + 𝟏
60

𝟏𝟐
𝒓=− +𝟏
𝟏𝟓

𝟏
𝒓=−
𝟒

Assessment
Multiple Choice: Choose the best answer
Guided Assessment

1. It is a geometric series where the terms cannot be counted.

A. Finite Geometric Series B. Finite Geometric Sequence
C. Infinite Geometric Series D. Infinite Geometric Sequence
2. Which of the following illustrate Infinite Geometric Series?
A. 1, -3, 9, -27 B. 1+(-3) +9+(-27) +… C. 1+3+6+9… D. 1 +(-3) +9
3. Which of the following infinite geometric series that is convergent?
A. 13+52+208+… B. 1+0.5+0.25+… C. -3+24-192+… D. 2+4+8+...
4. What is the formula in finding the sum of infinity?
𝑎1
A. 𝑆𝑛 (1 − 𝑟) = 𝑎1 (1 − 𝑟 𝑛 ) B. 𝑆∞ = 1−𝑟
𝑎1 (1−𝑟 𝑛)
C. 𝑆∞ = 𝑎1 (1 − 𝑟 𝑛 ) D.𝑆𝑛 = 1−𝑟
5. What value of r infinite geometric series converge (has a sum)?
A. 𝑟 = 1 B. 𝑟 = −1 C. −1 < 𝑟 < 1 D. −1 > 𝑟 ≥ 1

From 6-10, Find the sum of infinity.

6. 20+ 6 + 1.8 + 0.54 + …

200 400 5 100
A. B. C. D.
7 17 7 7
7 7 7 7
7. + + + +⋯
2 10 50 250

35 55 20 40
A. 8
B. 7
C. 7
D. 8

4
8. 100 + 20 + 4 + …
5
A. 85 B. 90 C. 100 D. 125
9. 1 + 0.5 + 0.25 + 0.125 + …
A. 1 B.2 C.3 D.4
10. 1 + 0.6 + 0.36 + 0.216 + …
A.1 B.1.5 C.2 D.2.5