Cc iu khin c bn trong C#: Form : i tng ca s ca chng trnh cha cc i tng khc .

Label : i tng dng hin th vn bn v hnh nh ( ngi dng khng sa c ). Textbox : dng hin th v nhp d liu t bn phm . Button : nt n cho php khi click vo th thc hin 1 chc nng . Checkbox : cho php chn hoc khng chn . Listbox : i tng cho php xem v chn d liu gia cc dng . Combobox : cho php chn d liu gia cc dng . Groupbox : i tng cha cc i tng khc . Panel : i tng cha cc i tng khc . By gi chng ta s tm hiu tng thnh phn c th : *Form Dng to giao din cho chng trnh Thm mt Form mi Chn Project ->Add Windows Form ->Chn Windows Form -> g tn Form -> Add Cc iu khin ca Form L cc thnh phn ho nh Label, TextBox,... Mi iu khin to ra cc i tng cng lp Cc i tng c cc thuc tnh, cc s kin v cc phng thc ring. Properties: Cc thuc tnh m t i tng. Methods: Cc phng thc thc hin cc chc nng ca i tng. Events: Cc s kin sinh ra bi s chuyn ng ca bn phm v con chut, chi tit do ngi lp trnh vit. Cc thuc tnh thng dng AcceptButton: Nt c click khi n phm Enter CancelButton: Nt c click khi n phm Esc BackgroundImage: nh nn ca Form Font: Font hin th ca Form v Font ngm nh ca cc i tng ca Form. FormBorderStyle: Kiu ng vin ca Form None: Form khng c ng vin

Fix...: C nh kch thc khi chy Form Sizeable: C th thay i kch thc Form ForeColor: Mu ch ca Form v mu ch ca cc i tng ca Form. Text: Dng vn bn hin th trn tiu Form MaximizeBox: C/khng nt phng to MinimizeBox: C/khng nt thu nh StartPosition: V tr bt u khi chy Form CenterScreen: Nm gia mn hnh WindowState: Xc nh trng thi ban u Form Close: ng Form v gii phng cc ti nguyn. Form ng ko th m li. Hide: n Form v khng gii phng ti nguyn ca Form. Show: Hin th mt Form n. Load: Xy ra khi chy Form (ngm nh khi nhy p chut trong ch thit k). FormClosing: Xy ra khi ng Form. V d t cc thuc tnh ca Form To mt Form mi G dng tiu ca Form t Form ch FixDialog Ct nt phng to Ct nt thu nh Cho Form nm gia mn hnh Chn mt nh lm nn ca Form Chy Form *Label i tng hin th vn bn kt hp hnh nh, Ko sa c vn bn hin th Cc thuc tnh thng dng AutoSize: T thay i kch thc ca i tng Fonts: Font ch ca i tng Label ForeColor: Mu ch ca i tng Image: nh ca i tng Text: Vn bn xut hin trn i tng. TextAlign: L ca vn bn.

*TextBox Cc thuc tnh thng dng Enabled: C/khng cho php thao tc i tng Multiline: C/khng cho php nhp d liu nhiu dng (mc nh l Ko) PasswordChar: Nhp k t lm mt khu ReadOnly: C/khng cho php sa d liu ca i tng (mc nh l c) Text: Vn bn nhp (hin th) ca i tng. Cc s kin thng dng TextChanged: Xy ra khi nhp hoc xo cc k t (ngm nh khi nhy p chut trong ch thit k) KeyDown: Xy ra khi n mt phm bt k trn i tng. KeyUp: Xy ra khi th mt phm n trn i tng. Ch : D liu nhp vo TextBox l vn bn do nu thc hin cc php ton s hc, logic th cn chuyn sang kiu s. Button i tng nt n cho php thc hin mt chc nng C th hin th hnh nh kt hp vi vn bn Cc thuc tnh thng dng Text: Vn bn hin th trn i tng Image: Hnh nh hin th trn i tng Cc s kin thng dng Click: Xy ra khi nhn con tr chut hoc g Enter trn i tng (ngm nh khi nhy p chut trong ch thit k).

*CheckBox i tng cho php chn/khng chn gi tr, cho php chn ng thi nhiu i tng Cc thuc tnh thng dng Checked: C/khng i tng c chn Text: Vn bn hin th trn i tng Cc s kin thng dng

CheckedChanged: Xy ra khi chn/khng chn i tng (ngm nh khi nhy p chut trong ch thit k)

*RadioButton Cho php chn/ko chn gi tr, cho php chn 1 i tng mt thi im. chn nhiu i tng phi t cc iu khin trong GroupBox hoc Panel Cc thuc tnh thng dng Checked: C/ko i tng c chn Text: Vn bn hin th trn i tng Cc s kin thng dng Click: Xy ra khi i tng c click. CheckedChanged: Xy ra khi chn/ khng chn i tng (ngm nh khi nhy p chut trong ch thit k). PictureBox i tng dng hin th hnh nh (Bitmap, GIF, JPEG, Metafile, Icon) Cc thuc tnh thng dng Image: nh hin th trong PictureBox. SizeMode: Ch hin th nh Normal:t nh gc trn bn tri ca i tng CenterImage: t nh gia i tng StretchImage: Thay i kch thc nh ng vi kch thc i tng in PictureBox. AutoSize: Thay i kch thc i tng PictureBox ng vi kch thc nh.

*ListBox Tp hp Items cha cc gi tr c a vo v ang hin th trn ListBox. Tp hp Items Add

 thm mt mc mi vo danh sch, s dng phng thc Items.Add hoc Items.Insert. Tham s Items l mt i tng cn thm vo trong danh sch. Bn c th thm vo bt k i tng no vo danh sch, nhng thng l kiu chui. Phng thc Add s thm mc mi vo cui danh sch tr khi thuc tnh Sorted = True. Vng lp sau s thm nhng phn t ca mng arrNum vo iu khin ListBox : Tng t, bn c th duyt qua cc phn t ca iu khin ListBox bng vng lp sau : Bn cng c th s dng vng lp For Each Next duyt qua tp hp Items : Clear Phng thc Clear dng xa tt c nhng mc (Items) trong danh sch. C php : Count Tr v s mc (Item) c trong danh sch. Insert thm mi mt mc chn (item) vo danh sch ti mt v tr, s dng phng thc Insert. Item l i tng c chn vo v tr index. Lu : Trong trng hp ListBox c sp xp (thuc tnh Sorted = True), v tr ca phn t ny vn b sp xp li sau khi chn. CopyTo (destination, index) Phng thc CopyTo dng ly gi tr ca tt c cc Items t iu khin ListBox v lu chng vo mt mng thng qua tham s ca phng thc.

Trong , destination l mng ch s lu tr nhng mc chn trong danh sch bt u t ch s index. S dng phng thc CopyTo t ListBox sang mng Destination vi Index = 2 Remove Xa i tng Item ra khi danh sch. Trong trng hp cc i tng Item l kiu chui, bn truyn vo mt chui xa. Nu c nhiu gi tr ging nhau trong danh sch ca iu khin, ch c mc chn u tin b xa. Trong trng hp cc i tng Item l i tng, bn truyn vo mt bin tham chiu n item cn xa. RemoveAt Xa mt item ti v tr index ra khi danh sch. Contains Kim tra xem Item ny c trong tp hp Items hay cha, nu c phng thc ny s tr v gi tr True, ngc li tr v False. V d : thm mt chui "Visual Studio.Net 2005" vo tp hp Items nu mun chui ny khng tn ti trong tp hp. DisplayMember, ValueMember Khi gi tr a vo l mt i tng nh Label, Textbox, bn c th hin th bt k thuc tnh no ca i tng bng cch quy nh thuc tnh DisplayMember ca ListBox = tn thuc tnh cn hin th v quy nh gi tr tr v khi chn mt Item qua thuc tnh ValueMember. Gi tr tr v lc ny ly qua thuc tnh SelectedValue. V d : cch s dng thuc tnh ValueMember, DisplayMember ca ListBox.

Thuc tnh ValueMember v DisplayMember ca ListBox

Nhng Item c chn iu khin ListBox cho php ngi dng c th chn mt hoc nhiu item ph thuc vo gi tr ca thuc tnh SelectionMode. Trong trng hp ListBox ch cho php mt la chn, bn c th nhn item c chn thng qua thuc tnh SelectedItem v ch s ca n thng qua SelectedIndex. Thuc tnh Text tra 3v dng vn bn c ngi dng chn trong ListBox. Trong trng hp ListBox cho php nhiu la chn, bn c th nhn cc item c chn thng qua thuc tnh tp hp SelectedItems v cc ch s c chn thng qua thuc tnh tp hp SeletedIndices. SelectedItems/SelectedIndices l mt tp hp cc i tng, s i tng ca tp hp ny chnh l s mc c chn trong ListBox : SeletedItems.Count/SelectedIndices.Count. Tm kim Mt im ni bt ca iu khin ListBox l n c th nh v bt k item no trong danh sch thng qua phng thc FindString v FindStringExact. FindString Tm gn ng chui <chui> trong danh sch. Nu tm thy, FindString s tr v v tr tm thy u tin (tnh t 0), ngc li, tr v -1. FindString c th tm t mt v tr c th trn danh sch vi tham s <v tr>. FinStringExact Nh FindString, nhng tm kim chnh xc. SelectedIndex Quy nh v tr ca dng ang c chn trn iu khin.

Thuc tnh ny cng cho php thay i dng chn bng cch gn tr khc cho SelectedIndex, min l tr ny nm gia 0 v s dng trn iu khin -1. S kin SelectedIndexChanged y l s kin mc nh ca ComboBox v ListBox pht sinh khi dng chn trn iu khin thay i. Trong s kin ny, bn c th ly : - Gi tr ca dng chn thng qua thuc tnh Text. - V tr dng chn thng qua thuc tnh SelectedIndex. - Item c chn thng qua thuc tnh SelectedItem. Trng hp iu khin c khai bo thuc tnh DisplayMember, ValueMember, trong s kin ny bn c th ly thm gi tr lu tr (thuc tnh ng vi ValueMember) ca i tng qua thuc tnh SelectedValue. *ComboBox iu khin ComboBox tng t ListBox, cng cha nhiu item m ngi dng c th chn tuy nhin n chim t khng gian hn. Hu ht nhng thuc tnh v phng thc ca iu khin ListBox u c th s dng i vi iu khin ComboBox. Tp hp Items cho php bn x l tng Item trong iu khin ComboBox, thuc tnh SelectedIndex v SelectedItem x l ch s v mc c chn. Thuc tnh DropDownStyle Cc kiu ca iu khin ComboBox : MaxDropDownItems Quy nh s item hin th trong ListBox (DropDown).

DropDownWidth Thuc tnh DropDownWidth = 150, Width =100 Mc nh, thuc tnh DropDownWidth bng thuc tnh Width ca iu khin ComboBox. Tuy nhin, bn c th nh li kch thc ngang ca ListBox DropDown thng qua thuc tnh DropDownWidth. Mt s x l khc V d : thm mi mt item nu item cha c trong danh sch chn ca ComboBox1. Bn c th vit on lnh ny trong s kin Leave.

*GroupBox iu khin dng cha cc iu khin khc. Trong qu trnh thit k, t mt iu khin vo GroupBox hon ton tng t nh vic t mt iu khin vo form. GroupBox cha cc RadioButton Cc thuc tnh ca GroupBox AutoSize Thuc tnh lun l quy nh iu khin c t ng thay i kch thc c th hin th ht cc iu khin cha bn trong n hay khng. Gi tr mc nh l False, khng t ng, ngc li l True, t ng co gin. AutoSize Quy nh cch thc iu khin thay i kch thc. GrowAndShrink : co v gin. GrowOnly : mc nh, ch gin ln. Text

Ni dung tiu GroupBox. * Panel Cng nh GroupBox, Panel l mt iu khin dng cha cc iu khin cng nhm. Panel c cc thuc tnh AutoSize,AutoSizeMode nh GroupBox v thuc tnh ng vin BorderStyle nh Label. im khc bit gia hai iu khin ny l Panel c th c thanh trt. AutoScroll Thuc tnh lun l quy nh c hin cc thanh trt hay khng khi ni dung ca iu khin ln hn vng nhn thy c. Mc nh, thuc tnh ny c tr False, khng hin cc thanh trt.