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Financial Management
Financial Management
AND SUBSIDIARIES
FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS REPORT 2020
“ADVANCED FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT”
Advanced Financial Management
CBMB 513
Robert A. Borromeo
(Professor)
Graduate Business
Adventist University of the Philippines
Ivy R. Pulido
Student
(Master in Business Administration)
First Semester, 2021
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction ----------------- 1
Analysis ----------------- 3
Conclusion ----------------- 17
Recommendation ----------------- 18
References ----------------- 19
1
INTRODUCTION
Financial statements are means of communication to internal and external about the firm’s
financial position and performance necessary to make financial decisions. We recognize that
accounting numbers are often just pale reflections of economic reality, but they frequently are the
component parts of financial statements to obtain a better understanding of the firm’s position and
performance. The focus of financial analysis is on key figures in the financial statements and the
significant relationship that exists between them. The first task of the financial analyst is to select
the information relevant to the decision under consideration from the total information contained
in the financial statements. The second step is to arrange the information in a way to highlight
significant relationships. The final step is interpretation and drawing of inferences and conclusions.
In brief, financial analysis is the process of selection, relation and evaluation. (Khan & Jain, 2007).
This study selected the balance sheet and income statement of Century Pacific Food, Inc.
and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 and for the years ended December 31, 2020
and 2019 and 2018 and aims to analyze the said consolidated financial reports by conducting ratio
analysis, horizontal, and vertical analysis. Ratio analysis is the process of determining and
presenting the relationship of items and groups of items in the financial statements. There are five
categories of financial ratios, namely; liquidity ratios, asset management ratios, capital structure
(debt management ratios), profitability ratios, and market value ratios. Horizontal or trend analysis
where current financial data is compared to previous accounting periods. During the analysis, any
change of from one period to another must be identified. Vertical analysis or common size analysis
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where a single column period of financial statement is scrutinize using a base figure such as sales
or total assets.
Century Pacific Food, Inc. (the “Parent Company”) was incorporated and registered with
the Philippine Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on October 25, 2013. The Parent
Company is primarily engaged in the business of buying and selling, processing, canning and
packaging and manufacturing all kinds of food and food products, such as, but not limited to fish,
seafood and other marine products, cattle, hog and other animals and animal products, fruits,
vegetables and other agricultural crops and produce of land, including by-products thereof.
The Parent Company’s shares of stocks were listed in the Philippines Stock Exchange
(PSE) on May 6, 2014 through initial public offering (IPO) and listing of 229.65 million shares in
the PSE at a total value of P3.3 billion. The Parent Company is 68.71% and 68.71% owned
subsidiary of Century Pacific Group, Inc. (CPGI) the ultimate parent, as at December 31, 2020 and
2019, respectively. CPGI is a corporation registered with SEC and is domiciled in the Philippines.
The Parent Company’s registered office and principal place of business, is located at 7th floor,
Centerpoint Building, Julia Vargas St., Ortigas Center, Pasig City (https://centurypacific.com.ph).
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ANALYSIS
December 31
%
2020 2019 Change
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents 1,229,381,273 1,607,844,054 -23.54%
Trade and other receivables - net 7,599,984,172 7,000,528,129 8.56%
Due from related parties 280,788,885 261,588,910 7.34%
Inventories-net 14,313,100,885 11,781,872,041 21.48%
Biological assets 65,726,630 33,380,356 96.90%
Prepayments and other current asset- net 484,492,819 829,609,933 -41.60%
Total Current Assets 23,973,474,664 21,514,823,423 11.43%
Non-current Assets
Property, plant and equipment - net 7,290,756,893 6,414,543,344 13.66%
Intangible assets - net 3,448,276,612 3,504,492,460 -1.60%
Right-of-use assets - net 678,300,084 705,437,893 -3.85%
Deferred tax assets 752,107,229 359,681,319 109.10%
Other non-current assets 133,450,144 89,793,109 48.62%
Total Non-current Assets 12,302,890,962 11,073,948,125 11.10%
Current Liabilities
Trade and other payables 9,670,565,636 6,832,729,150 41.53%
Borrowings - current portion 3,533,466,680 2,433,508,587 45.20%
Income tax payable 194,877,487 148,438,723 31.28%
Due to related parties 75,894,675 19,706,847 285.12%
Lease liabilities - current portion 271,207,134 269,082,105 0.79%
Total Current Liabilities 13,746,011,612 9,703,465,412 41.66%
Non-Current Liabilities
Borrowings - net of current portion - 3,086,500,000 -100.00%
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Retirement benefit obligation 618,902,329 160,025,025 286.75%
Lease liabilities - net of non-current
portion 465,842,247 484,103,079 -3.77%
Deferred tax liability 9,398,845 360,285 2508.73%
Total Non-current Liabilities 1,094,143,421 3,730,988,389 -70.67%
Equity
Share Capital 3,542,258,595 3,542,258,595 0.00%
Share premium 4,936,859,146 4,936,859,146 0.00%
Share-based compensation reserve 8,211,398 8,211,398 0.00%
Other reserves 30,628,942 30,628,942 0.00%
Currency translation adjustment 23,818,317 25,440,484 -6.38%
Retained earnings 12,894,434,195 10,610,919,182 21.52%
Total Equity 21,436,210,593 19,154,317,747 11.91%
The 2020 total assets and liabilities and equity increased by 11.32% compared to 2019.
The increase in total assets is almost equally contributed from both current and noncurrent, 11.43%
and 11.10% respectively. Although there is significant decrease in cash and cash equivalents of
23.54% and prepayments and other current assets of 41.60%, these was reciprocated with the high
increase in biological assets of 96.90% and deferred tax assets of 109.10%. The current liabilities
increased by 41.66% but the non-current liabilities decreased by 70.67% which resulted to total
liabilities increase of 10.46%. Under the equity section, only retained earnings increased by
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Cost of Goods Sold 36,374,034,421 30,836,294,070 17.96%
Gross Profit 11,927,706,663 9,724,068,886 22.66%
Other Income 615,688,399 536,291,593 14.80%
Operating Income 12,543,395,062 10,260,360,479 22.25%
Operating Expenses 6,350,811,842 5,332,262,089 19.10%
Finance Costs 261,151,374 369,427,817 -29.31%
Other Expenses 803,600,697 519,677,568 54.63%
Total expenses 7,415,563,913 6,221,367,474 19.20%
Profit Before Tax 5,127,831,149 4,038,993,005 26.96%
Income Tax Expense 1,248,387,296 890,031,995 40.26%
Profit for the Year 3,879,443,853 3,148,961,010 23.20%
the 399.78% increase in loss of re-measurement on retirement benefit and 90.50% increase in loss
of exchange differences on translating foreign operations. Net sales and other income both
increased by 19.09% and 14.80% respectively. The operation income of 2020 improved by 22.25%
compared to 2019. Although the rest of the expenses increased, finance cost of 2020 is lower by
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION - VERTICAL
ANALYSIS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents 1,229,381,273 3.39%
Trade and other receivables - net 7,599,984,172 20.95%
Due from related parties 280,788,885 0.77%
Inventories-net 14,313,100,885 39.46%
Biological assets 65,726,630 0.18%
Prepayments and other current asset- net 484,492,819 1.34%
Total Current Assets 23,973,474,664 66.09%
Non-current Assets
Property, plant and equipment - net 7,290,756,893 20.10%
Intangible assets - net 3,448,276,612 9.51%
Right-of-use assets - net 678,300,084 1.87%
Deferred tax assets 752,107,229 2.07%
Other non-current assets 133,450,144 0.37%
Total Non-current Assets 12,302,890,962 33.91%
36,276,365,626 100.00%
Current Liabilities
Trade and other payables 9,670,565,636 26.66%
Borrowings - current portion 3,533,466,680 9.74%
Income tax payable 194,877,487 0.54%
Due to related parties 75,894,675 0.21%
Lease liabilities - current portion 271,207,134 0.75%
Total Current Liabilities 13,746,011,612 37.89%
Non-Current Liabilities
Borrowings - net of current portion - 0.00%
Retirement benefit obligation 618,902,329 1.71%
Lease liabilities - net of non-current portion 465,842,247 1.28%
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Deferred tax liability 9,398,845 0.03%
Total Non-current Liabilities 1,094,143,421 3.02%
14,840,155,033 40.91%
Equity
Share Capital 3,542,258,595 9.76%
Share premium 4,936,859,146 13.61%
Share-based compensation reserve 8,211,398 0.02%
Other reserves 30,628,942 0.08%
Currency translation adjustment 23,818,317 0.07%
Retained earnings 12,894,434,195 35.55%
Total Equity 21,436,210,593 59.09%
36,276,365,626 100%
For the year 2020, total assets are composed of 66.09% current and 33.91% non-current.
Among the current assets, inventories take the biggest size of the pie of 39.46% then 20.95%
trade and other receivables-net. Property, plant, and equipment-net is 20.10% of the total asset
and the rest of the assets are less than 10%. Trade and other payables is 26.66% of the total
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Profit Before Tax 5,127,831,149 10.62%
Income Tax Expense 1,248,387,296 2.58%
Profit for the Year 3,879,443,853 8.03%
The total comprehensive income is 7.36% of the net sales while profit before tax is
10.62%. Cost of goods sold of the company is at 75.31% which results to gross profit of 24.69%.
Other expenses are higher than other income of 0.39% and the tax expense is 2.58% of the net
sales.
RATIO ANALYSIS
2020 2019
LIQUIDITY
Current Ratio
Current Assets 23,973,474,664 21,514,823,423
Current Liabilities 13,746,011,612 9,703,465,412
= 1.74 2.22
Current ratio measures the company’s ability to meet its short-term obligations by using
only current assets. Also, it is a measure of margin of safety to the creditors. The current ratio of
Century Pacific Food, Inc. and Subsidiaries decreased by 0.48 from 2.22 in 2019 to 1.74 in 2020.
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In terms of pesos, the company increased its current liabilities at the same time, current assets are
also increased. It can settle all current liabilities using current assets and still have a remaining
current assets of 74% of the liabilities. Unlike in 2019 where the current assets are more than two-
Quick Ratio
(Cash and cash equivalents + Trade
Accounts Receivable) 9,110,154,330 8,869,961,093
Current Liabilities 13,746,011,612 9,703,465,412
= 0.66 0.91
Quick (Acid-Test) Ratio measures liquidity by considering only quick assets. Differences
in structure of assets may require calculating the quick ratio. Some assets are more liquid than
others are. The quick ratio provides, in a sense, a check on the liquidity of a company as shown by
its current ratio. The quick ratio is a more rigorous and penetrating test of the liquidity position of
a company (Tekatel, 2019). The quick ratio means that for every 1-peso current liability of the
company, it has 0.66 cents of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable to pay. This
Cash Ratio
Cash and cash equivalents 1,229,381,273 1,607,844,054
Current Liabilities 13,746,011,612 9,703,465,412
= 0.09 0.17
Cash Ratio, also known as absolute liquidity ratio is the most liquid assets of the company
are cash and financial instruments. These assets have an absolute liquidity and allow redeeming
all obligations in no time (Khan & Jain, 2007). The cash and cash equivalent of Century Pacific
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Food, Inc. and Subsidiaries is only 9% of its currents liabilities in 2020 which is lower than 8%
lower than 2019 of 17%. The decrease is obvious in the peso value which cash and cash equivalents
of 2020 is lower than 2019 but the current liabilities of 2020 increased compared to 2019.
Asset Turnover
Net Sales 48,301,741,084 40,560,362,956
Average Total Assets 34,432,568,587 31,463,036,964
= 1.40 1.29
The total assets turnover ratio measures the ability of a company to use its assets to generate
sales. It measures a company's efficiency at using its assets in generating sales or revenue - the
higher the total assets turnover ratio, the more efficient is the management and utilization of the
assets while low total assets turnover ratios are indicative of underutilization of available resources
and presence of idle capacity (Gitman, 2004). As the total assets increased from 2019 to 2020, its
net sales also increased which results to 1.40 turnover in 2020 that is higher than 2019 of 1.29.
= 7.05 6.83
Fixed assets turnover ratio measures the company's effectiveness in generating sales from
its investments in plant, property, and equipment. It is especially important for a manufacturing
firm that uses a lot of plant and equipment in its operations to calculate its fixed asset turnover
ratio. If the fixed asset turnover ratio is low as compared to the industry or past years of data for
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the firm, it means that sales are low or the investment in plant and equipment is too much. This
may not be a serious problem if the company has just made an investment in fixed asset to
modernize (Schall and Haley, 1991). The net sales and property, plant, and equipment increased
in 2020 compared to 2019 which turns its fixed asset turnover to 7.05 from 6.83.
Inventory Turnover
Cost of Goods Sold 36,374,034,421 30,836,294,070
Average Inventory 13,047,486,463 11,718,792,128
= 2.79 2.63
many times inventory is turned over during the year (Bringham and Houston, 2017). The inventory
turnover ratio of 2020 is higher than 2019 which tells that products are sold 2.79 times in a year
which is faster than prior year of 2.63. If this is converted to number of days to identify how long
does an inventory is sold, it refers to the days in the inventory which is computed as follows:
Days in Inventory
365 365 365
Inventory Turnover 2.79 2.63
= 130.93 138.71
2020 has shorter days in inventory of 134 days compared to 139 days in 2019. This
Receivable Turnover
Net Sales 48,301,741,084 40,560,362,956
Average Trade and other receivables 7,300,256,151 7,038,452,304
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= 6.62 5.76
Days in Receivable
365 365 365
Receivable Turnover 6.62 5.76
= 55.17 63.34
Accounts receivable turnover represents the number of times the amount of accounts
receivable is collected throughout the year. It indicates how many times, on average, accounts
receivables are collected during a year. The accounts receivable turnover ratio works with the
average collection period ratio to determine the quality of a firm's receivables and the efficiency
of the firm's collection and credit policies. A high turnover ratio is generally a good thing since it
means that customers are paying their bills on time. The Days in Receivables ratio provides an
estimate of the number of days, on average, what it takes for customers to pay their account (Schall
and Haley, 1991). Century Pacific Foods, Inc. and Subsidiaries increased its accounts receivable
turnover in 2020 compared to 2019 thus shorten the days in receivables of sales on account from
Debt Ratio
Total Liabilities 14,840,155,033 13,434,453,801
Total Assets 36,276,365,626 32,588,771,548
= 40.9% 41.2%
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= 20.64 11.93
Debt ratio measures the percentage of the firm’s capital provided by creditors. Times-
Interest-Earned (TIE) Ratio is the ratio of earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) to interest
charge that measures the firm’s ability to meet its annual interest payments. (Bringham and
Houston, 2017). This means that 40.9% of the capital is borrowed. Compared to prior year, the
decrease is minimal of 0.3% only. The company almost doubled its earnings to settle finance costs
for 2020 than its ability in 2019. The increased of interest coverage ratio is caused by the decrease
= 24.69% 23.97%
= 10.62% 9.96%
Return on Assets
Net profit 5,127,831,149 4,038,993,005
Total Assets 36,276,365,626 32,588,771,548
= 14.14% 12.39%
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Return on Equity
Net profit 5,127,831,149 4,038,993,005
Total Equity 21,436,210,593 19,154,317,747
= 23.92% 21.09%
Gross Profit Margin measures the percentage of sales money remaining after the firm has
paid for its goods. The higher the gross profit margin, the better and the lower the relative cost of
sales. A company should have a reasonable gross margin to ensure adequate coverage for operating
expenses of the company and sufficient return to the owners of the business, which is reflected in
the net profit margin (Tekatel, 2019). The company has more gross profit in 2020 than 2019. It has
Operating Profit Margin measures the percentage of each monetary unit from sales
remaining after all costs and expenses other than interest, and taxes are deducted. Net Profit Margin
is the net profit margin measures the percentage of each monetary unit from sales remaining after
all costs and expenses, including interest, and taxes have been deducted (Gitman, 2004). Although
the operating profit substantially increased from 2019 to 2020, its operating profit margin
increased minimally from 12.15% on 2019 to 12.82% on 2020. Subsequently, the net profit margin
Return on Total Assets (ROA) is the ratio of net income to total assets; it measures the rate
of return on the firm’s assets. Return on Common Equity (ROE) is the ratio of net income to
common equity; it measures the rate of return on common stockholders’ investment (Bringham
and Houston, 2017). The return on assets of Century Pacific Foods, Inc. and Subsidiaries increased
from 12.39% on 2019 to 14.14% on 2020. The same with the return on equity increased to 23. 92
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MARKET VALUE RATIO 2020 2019
= 0.91 1.12
Dividend yield ratio
Annual dividend per share 0.36 0.18
Company's shares price 1.00 1.00
= 0.36 0.18
Dividend payout ratio
Annual Dividends 1,275,213,094 637,606,547
Net Profit 5,127,831,149 4,038,993,005
= 0.25 0.16
The Notes to Financial Statements of Century Pacific Foods, Inc. and Subsidiaries indicates
the following:
29. DIVIDENDS
On July 1, 2019, a cash dividend was declared by the Parent Company’s Board of
Directors to stockholders of record as of July 31, 2019 for a total amount of
P637,606,547.
On June 30, 2020, a cash dividend was declared by the Company’s Board of Directors
to stockholders of record as of July 30, 2020 for a total amount of P1,275,213,094.
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Price earnings ratio measures relationship between the stock price and the company’s
earnings. Dividend Yield Ratio is a financial ratio that tells the percentage of a company's share
price that it pays out in dividends each year. Dividend Payout Ratio is the ratio of the total amount
of dividends paid out to shareholders relative to the net income of the company. It is the percentage
of earnings paid to shareholders via dividends. In 2020, the dividend paid is twice the dividend
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paid in 2019 in terms of the company’s share which is 0.36 in 2020 and 0.18 in 2019. In relation
to its net profit, the dividend paid also increase from 0.16 in 2019 to 0.25 in 2020.
CONCLUSION
This study of the financial statement of Century Pacific Foods, Inc. and Subsidiaries
○ The current year showed improvement in terms of financial performance and position based on
the increase of majority of the items in the balance sheet and income statement resulting from the
○ The liquidity minimally decreased compared to prior year due to material increase of current
○ Asset management for 2020 is relatively better than 2019 evidenced by shorter days in inventory
and days in receivable thus increasing the total asset turnover, fixed asset turnover, inventory
○Although the liabilities increased, the assets increased too which results to favorable debt ratio
and the finance cost is very low compared to the earnings before tax and interest expense.
○The company is profitable in 2020 than in 2019 evidenced by improved return on assets, return
○The overall market value also increased per dividend yield and dividend payout ratios.
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RECOMMENDATION
The following recommendations, based on the above research findings, are presented to
further improvement the financial performance and position of Century Pacific Foods, Inc. and
Subsidiaries:
The deferred tax assets are very high compared to deferred tax liabilities hence there is a
need to review the said amount at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that
it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow the benefit of part
or all of that deferred tax asset to be utilized. Any such reduction is subsequently reversed to the
extent that it becomes probable that sufficient taxable profit will be available.
Strategies should be implemented to increase its cash and cash equivalents by increasing
more the inventory and receivables turnover and maximizing the credit terms of payables. Selling
prices should also be reviewed in relation to the cost of goods sold because it can still increase its
gross profit margin which will aim to increase its net profit margin.
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REFERENCES
Bringham, E.F. and Houston, J. F. (2017). Fundamentals of Financial Management 15th edition.
Gitman, L.J. (2004). Principles of Managerial Finance 10th Edition. S. l, Pearson Education.
Khan, M.Y. & Jain, P.K. (2007). Financial Management 5th edition. Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
Ross, S.A, Westerfield, Randolph and Jordan, Bradford (2017). Essentials of Corporated Finance
Schall, L.D. and Haley, C. W. (1991). Introduction to Financial Management 6th Edition.
McGraw-Hill.
Ethiopia. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.33643.39203
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