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SOP Inventory Management - PDF - Inventory - Invoice
SOP Inventory Management - PDF - Inventory - Invoice
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Standard Operating
Procedures
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT
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Table of Contents
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Page No.
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................................................... 1
1. GENERAL ................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 VERSION CONROL .................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 ISSUE AND COMMENTS LOG ................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 RELATED SOPS .......................................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 OWNERSHIP .............................................................................................................................................. 4
2. PROCESS OVERVIEW............................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 PROCESS SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ 5
2.2 SUB-PROCESSES ...................................................................................................................................... 5
11. RECEIPT OF BY-PRODUCTS IN STORES ............................................................................................. 25
11.1 PROCESS FLOWCHART ......................................................................................................................... 26
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11.2 PROCESS DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................................... 26
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1. GENERAL
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1.1 VERSION CONROL
1 Draft
2 Final
Target
Sr. No. Issues / Comments Raised By Recommendations
Date
1.4 OWNERSHIP
2. PROCESS OVERVIEW
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2.1 PROCESS SUMMARY
This SOP covers procedures and guidelines to be followed for management of Inventories for other than Fruits and
Capital Goods. All the goods are stored at Main Store under the custody of Store Manager. These goods are
issued based on an approved Material Requisition in ERP.
Mandatory Physical Verification is conducted for all items in presence of personnel other than the stock custodian
team as per the pre-determined plans. Further, Perpetual Inventory Controls are enabled for certain categories of
inventory.
The SOP also covers procedures for identification of Non-moving and Slow-moving Inventory. An Operation
Committee Meeting is called upon and appropriate measures are taken for such inventory.
Apart from the above, process for Inter-Department Transfers, Inter Warehouse Transfers and Disposal of
Inventory are also covered in this SOP.
After the material is inward, the qualitative and quantitative aspects are checked as per the laid specifications for
the material received. All technical details / results of quality checking for the specified items are recorded and
maintained in Quality Module integrated in ERP.
The objective of these procedures is to ensure correct and timely inward of materials received at the plant and
adequate documentation of supporting documents to facilitate accurate bill passing.
2.2 SUB-PROCESSES
- Receipt of Material
- Issue of Material
- Material Sent on Returnable Basis
- Warehouse Transfer
- Physical Verification
- Perpetual Inventory Control
- Inventory Monitoring
- Receipt of By-Products in Stores
- Disposal of Inventory
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Trigger: Arrival of Material at the plant gate
End: Document Set (Invoice, Challan, QA Slip, Weighment Slip, GRN etc.) forwarded to Accounts Department for
Accounting
e
v
i Outward Movement
Unload Material and Prepare Weigh-
t of Vehicles / Person
verify the quantity Bridge Slip
u manually (physical
c delivering the Material
count, etc.)
e
x Prepare GRN
E Yes
-
e
r
o
t Weigh Tare Weight of
Unload the material
S the empty vehicle
m
a
e Approve / Reject
T QA Process
GRN Quantity
A
Q
- Entry in Material Inward Register should be made on real time (immediate)
basis.
- Intimation to the Store Department should be sent immediately after the entry in
Material Inward Register.
Input Data Points: Following details to be captured in the Fruit Inward Register:
- Gate Entry Number (Serial Number),
- Date of Inward,
- Name of the Vendor,
- Material Description,
- Quantity of the Material Received (As per the accompanied documents),
- Unit of Measurement (UOM),
- Transporter Name / Material Carrying Person,
- Entry Token Number,
- Inward Time,
- Outward Time,
- Signature of the Security Person,
- Remarks, if any specific to the Inward of the Materials.
Output Data Points: Entry in Material Inward Register
Reference to Forms / Templates / Policies:
- Inward Register Format
- Guidelines for the plant security (w.r.t. Movement of outsiders inside the Plant
Premise, Security Gate Controls, Parking of vehicles, Stay of the vehicles &
drivers inside the Plant etc.)
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Related3.2.2
titles
Verification of Material Documents and Material Unloading
On receipt of intimation from the Entry Gate Security, Receive Material Documents
from the person carrying Materials and verify Vendor Name, Item Received,
Reference to the PO etc.
If Weighment is required:
- Instruct vehicle driver to move vehicle towards the Weigh Bridge
- Obtain Gross Weight of the Vehicle and prepare Weigh Slip
- Unload the Materials at the designated place of storage
- Obtain Tare Weigh of the Vehicle and Net Weight of the Materials
- Acknowledge the driver’s copy of delivery challan and return with the instruction
to move outside the plant
Material should be unloaded within 2 hours of the entry inside the plant gate.
No PO in ERP
- In case the PO has not created till the time of unloading of the materials, follow-up
with the Purchase Team for PO creation in ERP.
Refer SOP for ‘ P urchase - Other Than Fruits & Capital Goods’ for PO
- Once PO is created, make GRN against the PO; affix system generated unique
reference number (GRN No.) on purchase documents and forward documents to
the Accounts Department for accounting purpose.
- Intimate the QA Executive in case a quality check is required.
Refer SOP for ‘ Q uality A s s urance’ for QA Proces s.
- In case QA Testing are carried out, based on the QA Results, prepare GRN in
ERP.
Input Data Points: Weighment Slip / QA Slip (With desired quality specifications, if
any)
Output Data Points: GRN in ERP (Received Quantity, Accepted / Rejected Quantity,
Invoice / Delivery Challan Date etc.)
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4.1 PROCESS FLOWCHART
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ISSUE OF MATERIAL
Issue of Material and Inter-Department Transfer
r
e Start
Identify the material Raise Material
End
Acknowledge receipt
s requirement Requisition of material
U
l
a
t
n
e Purchase
m D Process (Other
t
r O than Fruits &
a H Fixed Assets)
p
e
D
- r
e
e g
r a
o
t n
End Reject Approve
S a
M
Input Data Points: Item Name, Quantity Required and Desired Specifications, if any
4.2.2 Checking the Availability of Material
- On receipt of intimation for Material Requisition, Check whether the requisite
material is available in other department.
- In case if there is idle material lying with any other department, intimate the
concerned HOD through E-Mail to return the idle material.
- In case material is not available in any other department, check the material
availability in the Store and Issue. If not available, raise a Purchase Requisition
to the Purchase Department.
(Refer the SOP on Purchase – Other Than Fruits & Fixed Assets for
Materi al Purc has e Proces s .)
Store –
In-charge
Availability should be identified within one day of the receipt of Material
Requisition
Store –
In-charge
Material should be issued immediately on its availability at the Stores
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Trigger: Identification of the need for sending material on returnable basis
End: Receipt of Material with the Gate Pass
Frequency: As per the requirement
-
e
r e
Identify the need for
Material to be Raise Service Indent in
Purchase
v
o t
i
Start sending material on
sent for repairs?
Yes
system for repairs
Process
t returnable basis (Service PO)
S u
/ c
r e
e x No
s E
U
g y
t
n i
i
v r
o
Approve/ Reject the Is Gate Pass
o
r h Gate Pass approved?
End
p t
p u
A A
(Refer the SOP for ‘Purchase - Other Than Fruits & Fixed Assets ’ for creating
S ervic e PO)
Once Service PO is generated, sent material to the Store along with instruction to
prepare Returnable Gate Pass.
Material sent for Other Reasons
Send material to the Store and inform the Store Executive to prepare a Returnable
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Gate Pass.
Gate Pass should be approved within one day of receipt of intimation from user
department.
The Gate pass should contain the expected date of return for the outgoing
material.
Approving
Authority
Gate Pass should be approved within one day of receipt of intimation from Store
Executive.
Ensure that material is being sent for genuine and legitimate reasons.
Entry for receipt of material sent on returnable basis should be made within one
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day of receipt of goods.
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- Ensure that the Gate-In Entry is marked against the Returnable Gate Pass.
- Material sent on returnable basis should be regularly monitored and should be
received back within the pre-decided schedule.
6. LOCATION TRANSFER
Trigger: Requirement of Material & Identification of Idle Materials Lying with the Other Location
End: Acknowledgement of the Materials Received from the other Location
Frequency: As per requirement
LOCATION TRANSFER
t
n
e Receive Intimation Print the Material
r m Transfer the material Transfer Note to obtain Arrange necessary
e t Start
from the Store
through Inventory
Amend as per the
logistics and send the
s r Executive for Material comments acknowledgement
U a
journal material
Transfer
p Yes
e
D
p t
required?
comments)
p u
A A
e
- i
v
e t Receive the material
r u End and Acknowledge
t c
o
e Material Transfer Note
S x
E
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Material should be sent within one day of receiving an intimation form the Store -
Team.
Approval Rejection should be given within 1 day of the receipt of the requisition
for Material Transfer.
7. PHYSICAL VERIFICATION
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7.1 PROCESS FLOWCHART
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PHYSICAL VERIFICATION OF INVENTORY
Other than Fruits and Capital Goods
m
a A No variance
e
l T Record the physical
a Record physical count
c n
i Excess and find out the short /
count and obtain sign Conduct physical
o
s i
of the concerned HOD verification
y t
excess inventories
h a
c
P i
f Shortage
i
r
e
V
g y
n t
i i Workflow
v r
o
as per the
o
r h Approve the Journal defined
p t Voucher matrix
p u
A A
Plan and schedule should be finalised within 7 days from the starting of the
Financial Year.
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- Cut-off Procedure should include exact time for cut-off of receipts, dispatches
and other movements.
- Ensure that GRN for all the materials have been accounted prior to generation
of stock report from the ERP.
- Entry for stock which has been physically transferred from one department to
another should be passed in the ERP before generation of stock report from the
ERP.
- Ensure that the inventory list does not contain quantity of stock as per the ERP.
- Physical Verification Team should not include the person from the same
department / Custodian of Stock to ensure segregation of duties.
As per the requirement, members from production, quality etc. may be included
based on the extent of verification. However, the verification must be supervised by
people not normally concerned with stock keeping.
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Input Data Points: Inventory List Sheet
Output Data Points: Physical Count of Inventory
Reference to Forms / Templates / Policies: Inventory Policy (Guidelines w.r.t. the
Physical Verification)
8.1 PROCESS FLOWCHART
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PERPETUAL INVENTORY CONTROL
No Variances
e Record the physical
v
i
Download stock Identify the inventory
Conduct physical count and get sign by
t Start statement with AB C items which require
verification concerned HOD Excess
u Categorization perpetual control
c
e Shortage
x
E
e
r Record the count and
o
t Is variance file for future
End No
S critical? reference
Yes
r
e Is stock Obtain reasons for
g No adjustment variance in inventories
a required? from concerned HOD
n
a
M
e
r Provide list of
o
t
Yes
inventory requiring
S adjustment entry in
system
t
s n
t e
n m Pass inventory
u t adjustment JV (at the
Adjust inventory in Take appropriate
o r system action for variances
c a
end of year)
c p
A e
D
g y Workflow
t
n i
i
v r
as per the
o o Approve JV
defined
r h
p t
matrix
p u
A A
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- Once verified put a distinguishing mark on inventory verified to avoid double
counting.
- Any items found in damaged / not in usable condition should be appropriately
marked on inventory count sheets for easy reference.
- Ensure that GRN for all the material should be accounted prior to generation of
stock report from the ERP.
- Entry for stock which has been physically transferred from one department to
another should be passed in the ERP before generation of stock report.
Pass Inventory Adjustment Entry in ERP and take approval from approving authority.
Input Data Points: Variance Report
Output Data Points: Inventory Adjustment in ERP
Trigger: ---
s e
n t
e
o t
i
t i Circulate and
a
r m communicate the plan
Discuss and approve Present the plan in the
e m to concerned persons
the utilization plan meeting
p o
O C
Store -
Manager
List of non-moving / slow-moving item should be prepared on monthly basis
within 7 days of the end of the month.
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- After incorporating the replies for the Utilization Plans of the Non-Moving and
Slow-Moving Inventory, forward the reasons to Store Executive.
Utilization Plan should be circulated to the Store – Executive within 2 days of the
receipt of list of Non / Slow Moving Inventories.
Ensure that proper supporting and documents are maintained for the reasons
given to the Store Team.
Store –
Final Presentation should be forwarded to the Store Manager / Plant GM within Executive
two days.
Input Data Points: Reasons for non-moving / slow-moving inventory / Utilization Plan
Output Data Points: Report on non-moving / slow-moving inventory
Reference to Forms / Templates / Policies: Format for the Presentation to the
Operations Committee
Ensure that the status of the approved plan is monitored on a regular basis.
End: Outward movement of rejections / waste from plant
Related Frequency:
titles Requirement Basis
10.1 PROCESS FLOWCHART (DISPOSAL OF QUALITY MATERIAL)
n
o
s
r
/ e Tag Material Rejected
y P by Quality or Authorised
t d
i
Start
l e Person as Scrap /
On Closure of Production
a s Reject etc.
u i Orders By-Product will be
Q r
o
directly transferred to Stores
h
t
u
A
e
v
i
e
r t Move rejected
o u materialto designated
t c
S e
x
Area and tag rejected
E
e
v
i
s t
e
l u Disposal through
a c sales
Sales invoicing Outward Movement End
S e
x
E
s e
t v
n i
t Write-off the material in
u u Disposal through
o c write-off
ERP and charge loss to
c e P/L account
c x
A E
g y
n t
i i
v r
o
o
r h Approve write-off
p t
p u
A A
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Inventories having sale value will be sold with Sales Invoice.
(R efer SOP for Sales for the proces s of sales invoici ng )
Inventories having zero sale value will be written-off from ERP with approval
of Approving Authority and disposed-off accordingly.
s e
t v
n i
t Write-off the Material in
u u
o c ERP and charge loss to End
c e P/L account
c x
A E
g y
t
n i
i
v r
o
o
r h Approve write-off
p t
p u
A A
- Record the details of the Waste in the Manual Log Book.
Trigger: Generation of By-products
End: By-products stored in Stores
Frequency: Continuous
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11.1 PROCESS FLOWCHART
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RECEIPT OF BY-PRODUCTS IN STORE
n e
o v
i i
t t Intimate QA
c u Department for quality Enter the by-product Send the by-product
u c Start
check on generation of quantity drums to Stores
d e
o
r x
by-product
P E
e
v
i
t
u
c
e Quality Process
x On closure of
By-products rejected by
E Production Order by-
Quality Department will
product will be directly
A transferred to Stores
be stored separately
Q
e
v
i
e
r t
o u Confirm quantity Store by-products at
End
t c receipt in Stores designated area
S e
x
E
Ensure that the by-products are stored securely at the designated place.
1. Material rejected In case the material received at the gate is Section 3.2.1 ---
while initial rejected during the initial screening by the gate
screening at the security, an approval via E-Mail is to be taken
plant gate from the plant / purchase HOD and only then the
Sr. Resolutions and Activity
Exception Remarks
No. Actions to be Taken Reference
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vehicle will be allowed to enter the plant.
2. Material rejected In case the material is rejected during physical Section 3.2.2 ---
while verification verification by the Store Executive, an approval
by the Store via E-Mail is to be taken from the plant /
Executive purchase HOD and only then the material will be
allowed to be unloaded.
4. Material received In such cases, generally the Weighment is not Section 3 ---
by hand, courier, required. The Items will be physically counted by
etc. the Store person and accordingly GRN will be
prepared.
5. Material Issue In such case, the approval will be taken from the Section 4 Material will be
without Plant – GM and respective HOD within 1 day. issued without
Requisition raising a
requisition is
ERP only in case
of emergencies.
6. Material sent on In such cases, follow-ups will be made with the Section 5 ---
returnable basis concerned person. If not to be received, should
not received back be write-off and charged to P&L account.
Refer Material Disposal process
7. Difference in the Reconciliation will be done with the ERP Qty. Section 10.2.2 ---
quantity of by- (Production Order) and agreed differences, if
products sent by any to be approved by the Production – Sr.
the Production Manager.
Dept. and
received at the
Stores
Monthly, ---
th
Delay in GRN prepared after two before 7 of
Stores – Production –
1. preparation of days of receipt of the the
Manager GM
GRN Materials succeeding
month
Delay in issues ofItem details and delay in Stores – Production – Same as ---
2.
materials issues along with reasons Manager GM above
Number of days of stocks ---
of raw materials / finished
Production –
Stock Analysis goods comparison with Stores – Same as
4. GM / Finance
Report standards and Manager above
Controller
comparison of previous 3
months
Deviation in Inventory as Production – ---
Stock Variance Accounts – As per PV
5. per ERP Records and GM / Finance
Report Manager schedule
Physical Count Controller
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Sr. Reporting
Measure Unit / Particulars Responsibility Frequency
No. To
15. GLOSSARY
Term Description
FIFO First-in-first-out
GM General Manager
PO Purchase order
QA Quality assurance
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16. ANNEXURES
Document
Sr. No. Description Document
Ref. Number
---
Inventory Management Policy
(Guidelines for ABC Classification, Inventory
1. Levels, Classification of Non / Slow Moving Items,
Physical Verification, Material Issue, Perpetual
Controls, Inventory Movement Method etc.)
---
2. Material Inward Register
---
3. Physical Verification Sheet (Material Count Sheet)
---
4. Weighment Slip
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Stock Level used in Inventory Control System Formulas
The lowest level to which stocks should Normally be allowed to fall, and is
Min = Reorder Level – (average usage in average
Minimum Level held as a buffer stock to be made available in situations of Non-delivery by
delivery period)
a supplier’
s
l The highest level to which stock should Normally be allowed to rise,
e Max = Reorder Level + Re-Order Qty - (minimum
v Maximum Level otherwise too much working capital is tied up, thus sacrificing liquidity, and
usage in minimum delivery periiod)
e there is a risk of loss through deterioration and obsolescence’
L
y
r
o
t
n Re-Order Level
This is the level at which an order would Normally be raised’. It takes into Re-Order = maximum usage * maximum delivery
e account the maximum usage in the maximum delivery period period
v
n
I
Safety stock is the stock held by a company in excess of its requirement for Safety Stock = (maximum daily usage – average
Safety Level
the lead time. Companies hold safety stock to guard against stock-out. daily usage) * Lead Time
EcoNomic This is the quantity which is most ecoNomical to order as it minimises the
EOQ = (2AP/S)^2
Order Quantity costs of ordering and the carrying costs
It is the time that elapses between the placing of an It is cost incurred at a time of ordering the item and
Ordering Cost
r Lead Time
order and actually receiving the goods ordered securing its supply.
e
t
e
m
a
r A B C Classifying Inventory as per the principle of Cost incurred for holding the volume of inventory and
a Classification ALFREDO PARETO for selective control.
Carrying Cost
measured as a percentage of unit cost of an item.
P
l
a
c
i
t
i
r Inventory
Inventory Valuation is Important and very dynamic
Perpetual
It is the method of controlling inventory list at regular
C Valuation
aspect as it affects the Cost of Goods Sold in
Control
interval of receipt and issue to facilitate regular
r Company’s Income. checking.
e
h
t
O
A: A nnual demand in Units
P: C ost of placing an Order
S: Carr ying cos t of One Unit for a year
Classification of Inventories
(As per VILFREDO PARETO Principles)
s
e
i
r
o
g Class A Item Class B Item Class C Item
e
t
(Close day by Day) (Regular Review) (Infrequent Review)
a
C
r Workflo
e
g Apply w as per
a End Classification in
Approved / Reject
the
n the Classification
a ERP
Defined
M matrix
-
e
r
o
t
S
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