HALF DAY SEMINAR ON “SMELLY TOILETS ~ WHY, WHERE, WHAT, WHO, WHEN AND HOW TO ELIMINATE” BEM Approved CPD/PDP hours: 3.5 Ref. No.: IEM15/HQ/017/S Speaker: Ir. GARY LIM ENG HWA Date: 4° MARCH 2016 (FRIDAY) Venue: WISMA IEM. PJ Organized by: Building Services Technical Division, The Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Sponsored by:_-HALF DAY SEMINAR ON “SMELLY TOILETS — WHY, WHERE, WHAT, WHO, WHEN AND HOW TO ELIMINATE” By Ir. Gary Lim Eng Hwa 2-310 5091 im_eh@yahoo.com - SMELLESS And Sustainable. 3 Key factors to consider: A- Design MUST incorporate the followings: © Maintenance can be carried out easily replacement of worn out sanitary fittings and cleaning eye to clear blockages © Cleaning can be carried out easily using optimum resources ( water, detergents and manpower). B - Cleaning schedule in accordance to the traffic (heavy, mild, light) C- Educate the toilet users, to treat public toilet as if their home toilet. Being CIVIC MINDED! Note: Expensive to retrofit existing toilets! 31/3/201531/3/2015 — sifiellUse.of- Deodorizerto_musk the-sfiéll | Urinal Deodorizer Note: Additional COSTS! Impact to the sewerage treatment with such chemicals, bacteria will be killed off rendering the treatment plant inoperational! 31/3/2015The Health Wyze Report How Air Fresheners Are Killing You (writen by Sarah Corther, befow an extract of the article.) ‘The issues of synthetic fragrances have been around for years, and have led to many ‘companies selling unscented options. Some fragrances cause changes in blood flow, blood pressure, mood, and trigger migraine headaches. A mrassive 72% of asthmaties cite these fragrances as a trigger in causing asthma attacks, and they have been implicated as a ease forthe initial development of asthma, Asthma rates in the United States have doubled since 1980, and the use of air fresheners has doubled since just 2003. Most synthetic fragrances are also known respiratory iritants, which means that they cause inflammation in the lungs, eading to an increased mucous production, and a greater vulnerability to other chemicals allergens, and infections. Ninety-five percent of synthetic fragrances are derived from petroleum. They include benzene and aldehydes; which are known to cause cancers, reproductive effects, and problems with the central nervous system. These effects on the nervous system result im increased cases of Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and ‘more. A study from 1991 entitled, Chemical Exposures: Low Levels and High Stakes, tested the effects of fragrances among test subjects. When asthmatics were exposed to cologne for 10 minutes, their pulmonary functions were impaited by 58% froma previous 18% handicap. OF the Go asthmaties that they surveyed, 57 complained of respiratory symptoms with exposure ta common scents, (Sa ee[erideencuate : Seite tudalenras tate) igUsslernelia dey) o Nn MEM NTLUMnvENasTe re aepe int Pode tinie sou erat us 2 31/3/2015,PMS 1402-PART a: OPERATION &- MAINTENANCE 4. Types of blockage or deposit and method of removal Due to large objects or compacted masses (sanitary towels, ete). Note: Educ 4.1 Deposits due to misuse of the discharge systems 4.2 Lime scale 4-3 Accumulation of grease and soap residues 5. Cleaning and descaling techniques (note: Cleaning eyett 5. Plunger 5.2 Rods 53 Kinetic ram 5.4 Coring and scraping 5.5 Chemical cleaning ‘Wet mop the floors with disinfectant solution followed by dry mop. this is sufficient to keep the floor smelless. Reduce COSTS! to reduce such inc! nts 31/3/2015enn ES a ‘Sanitary Fittings Inside Toilet Likely To Contribute Smell Water Closet (WC) Urinal Bowl Floor Trap 4. Wash Basin NOTES: > Wet “dirty” looking floor stain with shoes marks, ete DO NOT contribute to smelly toilet rather it is unsightly however it isa SAFETY concern of the users. > Fitting’s water seal prevents foul smell from the sanitary system entering the building. |-TRAP as described in BS5572 6.2 Traps Traps should be designed so that deposits do not accumulate. A trap which is not an integral part of an appliances should be attached to, and be immediately beneath, its outlet and be self-cleansing. The internal surface of the trap should be smooth throughout. All traps should be accessible and provided with an adequate facility for cleansing. There can be advantages in providing traps which are capable of being readily removed or dismantle. a 31/3/201531/3/201531/3/2015 _Urinal and M: Pipe — BS5572__="31/3/2015Flo 31/3/2015 10poe _ | | 1 Water Closet Cubicle Identify the sources of smell from the WC cubicle: 1.1 Fart 1.2 Faeces exposed to the atmosphere 1.3 Feces stains within the WC not accessible for cleaning 1.4 Urine stains on the WC bow, side, cover, ete 1.5 Loss of WC water seal 1.6 Difficult or inaccessible areas/crevices on the floor 31/3/201547 Water Closet Cubicle Identify the sources of smell from the WC cubicle: at Fart Lose © Rated as Light to Medium smell How to reduce the smell from this source: 1 © Design - as Light ell 31/3/2015 12_1.—-Water Closét Cubicle-— Identify the sources of smell from the WC cubicle: 1.2 Faeces exposed to the atmosphere « Rated as Medium to Severe How to reduce the smell from this source: et < Design - Rated as Light 31/3/2015, B31/3/2015 14|_1--Water Closet Cubicle Identify the sources of smell from the WC cubicle: 13 Faeces stains within the WC not accessible for cleaning « Rated as Light to Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: 1 « Design ~ Rated as Light ae 31/3/2015 15_1—Wwater Closet Cubicle —- 1.4 Urine stains on the WC bowl, side, cover, etc © Rated as Light to Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: Cleaning & Education - Rated as Light Identify the sources of smell from the WC cubicle: |_1.—water Closet Cubicle —— Identify the sources of smell from the WC cubicle: 1.5 Loss of WC water seal © Rated as Medium to Severe How to reduce the smell from this source: L 2 © Design ~ Rated as Light 34/3/2015 16Potex Amira TP3118/338A close coupled WC _1--watér Closét Cubicle-—-—= Identify the sources of smell from the WC cubicle: 1.6 Difficult or inaccessible areas/crevices on the floor Rated as Light to Severe How to reduce the smell from this source: 1 © Design & Cleaning - Rated as Light 31/3/2015 731/3/2015 18-2-~Grinal Bowl Identify the sources of smell from the urinal bow1: 2.1 Urine stains on the bowl 2.2 Difficult or inaccessible areas/crevices on the floor below the urinal bowl 2.3 Urinal bowl water seal is made up of diluted urine constantly 2.4 Urine stains not accessible for cleaning within the urinal bowl 2.5 Loss of urinal water seal ~2.~ Urinal Bowl Identify the sources of smell from the urinal bowl: 2. Urine stains on the bowl 2. © Rated as Medium to Severe How to reduce the smell from this source: © Design - Rated as Light 31/3/2015 19Urinal MS1799 f T vem a os }-2-~ Urinal Bow “Table 8. Design flow ‘Ouilet Geng or appiia Bate of low Design WC cistem (to AD in 2 mind 0.18 WE flushing tough (per WO served) (eee Note 2) Urinal ciotorn (Gach positon served | UO0T Washbasin ‘Handbasin (pillar taps) Handbasin (spray or spray mixer taps) Bidee ; a0 Bath GD 020 Ban GD 360 [0.40 Shower head Gee Not 320 [oro Kitchen sink (GD Z 020 [0.10 31/3/2015 20aoe lush Vale “Urinal Bowl — JKR Specification - Dual (booster pump & gravity flow) system for WC flush valves at the topmost floor of multi-storey or within the single storey building. Equivalent to Loading Units, JKR recommends flow rate as follows: 3-6 flush valves require 2.5lit/sec 2 flush valves require 1.65lit/sec 1flush valve requires 0.82lit/sec 31/3/2015 2Urinal Siab type, MS1799-—~ rence ti par 7 —— Figure 1 Typieal slab urinal 31/3/2015 2231/3/2015 Urinal Slab type, MSI799-—— Figure 4. Typical slab urinal 23| Urinal Slab type, MS1799-— Freee torre eee een 2-7 Urinal Bowl Identify the sources of smell from the urinal bowl: 2.2 Difficult or inaccessible areas/crevices on the floor below the urinal bowl © Rated ‘i vere How to reduce the smell from this source: L az © Design & Cleaning ~ Rated.as Light 31/3/2015 24- Slab type; MS179 31/3/201531/3/20152..-rinial Bow! Identify the sources of smell from the urinal bowl: 2.3 Urinal bowl water seal is made up of diluted urine constantly Sect © Rated as Light to Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: © Design & Cleaning - Rated as Light 31/3/2015 27‘al Altrnativotop__ f inte tishpiee Depth of water sest Figure 2. Typical single stat! walthung urinal —— _2.-—-Urinal Bowl Identify the sources of smell from the urinal bowl: 2.3 Urinal bow! water seal is made up of diluted urine constantly How to reduce the smell from this source: © Use the wash basin water to dilute the urinal water seal can be done. Show the dimension and the fittings to do the design 31/3/2015 28TABLE TOP-BASIN.___ | WATER TO URINAL Reuse the basin water to dilute the urinal water seal. Apply Engineering design and use of Table Top Basin, SPIND SF Model 29/2/2016_2-—tfinal Bowl Identify the sources of smell from the urinal bowl: 2.4 Urine stains not accessible for cleaning within the urinal bowl © Rated as Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: 31/3/2015 3031/3/2015 34_2-—srinal Bowl Identify the sources of smell from the urinal bowl: 2.5 Loss of urinal water seal © Rated as Severe How to reduce the smell from this source: L « Design - Rated as Light 31/3/2015 32| -SMELLY- WATERLESS URINAL Retrofit is expensive and troublesome, need to hack the wall to run a water pipe Green Building Index feature to get points on water consumption True or False? WES-5000 Waterless Urinal Be WES-150 Cartridge Kit 29/2/2016Urinal ‘il Aitoatve top t inet teshoipe — Figure 2. Typical single stall wall-hung urinal -3-~Floor Trap Identify the sources of smell from the Floor Trap: 3.1 Accumulated organic materials/debris inside the water seal decaying emitting foul smell 3.2 Difficult or inaccessible areas within the Floor Trap ABOVE the water seal 3.3 Loss of Floor Trap water seal only to P-trap or $-trap 3.4 No water seal on the floor trap especially on the Ground Floor 3.5 Water seal dried up allowing foul smell to enter the building 31/3/2015 33_3.-PlO6r Trap Identify the sources of smell from the Floor Trap: 3.1 Accumulated organic materials/debris inside the water seal decaying emitting foul smell » Rated as Medium to Severe How to reduce the smeil from this source: 1 © Design & Cleaning ~ Rated as Light Floor-Traps Be ig tue EERE ae 31/3/2015 3431/3/2015 357 31/3/2015 361. REMOVING THE GRATING OR COVER 2. REMOVE THE BOWL AND LIFTING IT UP & BELL CAP 31/3/2015 37_Cleanirig Method-SPIND-6— 3. LIFT THE BELL CAP FROM THE BOWL 4. CLEAR THE DEBRIS FROM THE BOWL 5. CLEAN THE CONTAINER 6. INSERT BACK THE BOWL & BELL. CAP, FILL UP THE WATER SEAL WITH CLEAN WATER Spbnd™ 31/3/2015 38_Cleaninig IWethod=SPIND-6" 7. THE BOWL WHICH IS THE WATER SEAL IS ALREADY FILLED WITH. WATER 8. PUT BACK THE GRATING OR COVER _3.--FO6r Trap Identify the sources of smell from the Floor Trap: 3-2 Difficult or inaccessible areas within the Floor Trap ABOVE the water seal L once ° Rated as Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: L ° Design & Cleaning - Rated as Light 31/3/2015 393B FOOr Trap Identify the sources of smell from the Floor Trap: 3.3 Loss of Floor Trap water seal only to P-trap or S-trap « Rated as Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: 31/3/2015, 40Be eee ee -How Does SPIND Floor Trap Works? Basin discharge goes to the waterseal then flows out tothe stack. 31/3/2015 a_3.—Fléor Trap Identify the sources of smell from the Floor Trap: 3.4 No water seal on the floor trap especially on the Ground Floor 1 © Rated as Medium to Severe How to reduce the smell from this source: 2 « Design ~ Rated as None 31/3/2015 42Top Recess Floor Trap- WITHOUT water seal _3.--FtO6r Trap Identify the sources of smell from the Floor Trap: 3.5 Water seal dried up allowing foul smell to enter the building 1 aes Rated as Medium to Severe How to reduce the smell from this source: L 2, « Design - Rated as None 31/3/2015 43_3-~fldor Trap — Top Access Type ‘Top access type floor trap with bowl and bell cap with features as follows: « Easily removed and cleaned hence eliminate inaccessible stains build up within the floor trap. « Able to collect debris hence eliminating the debris to block the discharge stack © Cleaning eyes available to carry out rodding when there is a blockage © Water seal can be replenish automatically from the water basin water © Bowl bell cap components are easily available to replaced if lost ~4-~ Water Basin Identify the sources of smell from the water basin 4.1 Accumulated organic materials/debris inside the water seal decaying emitting foul smell 4.2 Difficult or inaccessible areas within the water basin ABOVE the water seal 4.3 Loss of water seal, applicable to P-trap type only 31/3/2015 4a| 4.—-water Basi’ Identify the sources of smell from the Water Basin: 4.1 Accumulated organic materials/debris inside the water seal decaying emitting foul smell 1 © Rated as Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: L « Design & Cleaning ~ Rated as Light 31/3/2015 45,31/3/2015 4631/3/2015 |_4-—water Basin —--—_—— Identify the sources of smell from the Water Basin: 4-2 Difficult or inaccessible areas within the water basin ABOVE the water seal 1 2, © Rated as Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: Design & Cleaning - Rated as Light a731/3/2015 4831/3/2015, 4931/3/2015 50_4.—Water Basin” Identify the sources of smell from the Water Basin: 43 Loss of water seal, applicable to P-trap type only 1 ae < Rated as Medium How to reduce the smell from this source: © Design ining - Rated as Light —Extendable P-Trap 31/3/2015 5131/3/2015 52—€leaning Schedules ea (Persatuan Bilik Air Berkualiti Malaysia); Frequency of Cleaning & Method 18, Mopping, use neutral detergent Wash Basin Dailyx3 Use of neutral detergent WC Cubicle Dailyx3 Appropriate detergent Urinal Dailyx2 Donotuseacid based chemicals unless necessary Dailyx3 Notes: - No mention of Floor trap! + MS2015: Part 4:2006 has Cleaning Specification. Conelusion New Generation of Smelless public toilets can be built and are sustainable provided the key points are adhered to: Design (fittings are maintainable and easy of cleaning) - Thinking out of the box is necessary and not follow the conventional method. More importantly use fittings that are easy to maintain and clean like Top Access Floor trap with cup and bowl features, - Cleaning Schedules of the public toilets - Simple wet mop with neutral detergents follow by dry mop is sufficient! - Education ~ Users must be civic minded, treating the public toilets as if their own home toilets 31/3/2015 53