1

6 Introducción a las derivadas

Tabla de derivadas elementales

f (x) ′
f (x) Ejemplo
c 0 f (x) = 8 f ′ (x) = 0
x 1
xn nx n−1 f (x) = x 8 f ′ (x) = 8x 7
cg (x) cg ′ (x) f (x) = 7x 5 f ′ (x) = 35x 4
g (x) ± h(x) g ′ (x) ± h ′ (x) f (x) = x 5 + 3x 2 f ′ (x) = 5x 4 + 6x
g (x) · h(x) g ′ (x) · h(x) + g (x) · h ′ (x) f (x) = (x 3 − 2x + 1) · (x 4 + 5x)
f ′ (x) = (3x 2 − 2)(x 4 + 5x) + (x 3 − 2x + 1)(4x 3 + 5)
g (x) g ′ (x) · h(x) − g (x) · h ′ (x) x2 + 1
f (x) =
h(x) (h(x))2 5x + 3
2x · (5x + 3) − (x 2 + 1) · 5
f ′ (x) =
(5x + 3)2

Ejercicios

6.1 Calcula las derivadas de las siguientes funciones:

a f (x) = 7x 2 + 11 x −1 x3
i f (x) = ñ f (x) = − x 2 − 8x + 1
x +1 3
b f (x) = x 5 −4x 3 +2x −3
3 o f (x) = 2x 3 − 12x 2 − 10
j f (x) =
c f (x) = x 3 +5x 2 −7x +1 x +2
x5
x +5 p f (x) = + x 2 − 4x + 5
d f (x) = 5x 4 +3x 2 − x +4 k f (x) = 10
x
3 2 4x 4 x 2
x 3x x −2 q f (x) = − +3x −1
e f (x) = − − 2x f (x) = 16 2
3 2 l
x +5
3 2
r f (x) = −7x 2 − x + 8
f f (x) = −x + x + 5x 3x 2 x3
m f (x) = 10x + − s f (x) = 3x 3 − 5x 2 − 9x
g f (x) = (2x + 6)(x − 1) 2 3

x3 x3 3x 2
h
3
f (x) = (x + 5)(7x − 1) n f (x) = +2x 2 −5x −1 t f (x) = − − 5x
3 6 2
2 Capítulo 6. Introducción a las derivadas

Soluciones del Capítulo 1

6.1 a f ′ (x) = 14x ′
2 ñ f ′ (x) = x 2 − 2x − 8
i f (x) =
(x + 1)2
′ 4 2
b f (x) = 5x − 12x + 2 o f ′ (x) = 6x 2 − 24x
−3
′ 2 j f ′ (x) =
c f (x) = 3x + 10x − 7 (x + 2)2 x4
p ′
f (x) = + 2x − 4
2
d
′ 3
f (x) = 20x + 6x − 1 −5
k f ′ (x) =
x2 q f ′ (x) = x 3 − x + 3
e f ′ (x) = x 2 − 3x − 2
7
l f ′ (x) = r f ′ (x) = −14x − 1
′ 2
f f (x) = −3x + 2x + 5 (x + 5)2
s f ′ (x) = 9x 2 − 10x − 9
′ ′ 2
g f (x) = 4x + 4 m f (x) = 10 + 3x − x
x2
3 2 2 ′
h
′
f (x) = 28x − 3x + 35 n ′
f (x) = x + 4x − 5 t f (x) = − 3x − 5
2