Spatial Reuse Protocol: A Ring Based LAN / MAN / WAN MAC Protocol

Mike Takefman
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

SRP Goals

Improve economics via layer elimination and BW multiplication Provide fast protection and restoration Enable Plug and Play operation Support LAN, MAN and WAN applications
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

SRP Applications

Si

Metro Access Ring

Regional Transport Ring

Leased Lines

HFC

HFC

Backbone Ring

Dedicated Access PoP Ring

Cable Data Access Ring

Regional Transport Ring

Server Access Ring

HFC
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000

HFC
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

SONET/SDH-Based TDM Transport

Accepted transport architecture Performance monitoring and self-healing Expensive and inefficient for packets
Multiple equipment layers Bandwidth inefficiency
SONET SONET ADM ADM SONET SONET ADM ADM

Provisioned Connections
SONET SONET ADM ADM

Protection Working

SONET/SDH Ring
SONET SONET ADM ADM

IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Transport Flexibility and Evolution

SONET ADM

Dark Fiber
SONET ADM SONET ADM SONET ADM

SRP Ring

~ ~ ~

WDM

~ ~ ~

Runs over dark fiber, SONET, or WDM Enables transport mix and match Provides efficient evolution path for existing networks Provides optimized transport for greenfield builds
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

Previous Intra-POP Connectivity Options

Internet Backbone Internet Backbone

Existing topologies
Shared FDDI Ring

FDDI Switch

FDDI ring Switched FDDI ATM or Fast Ethernet Point-to-point POS

Internet Backbone
622-Mbps POS 622 Mb/s ATM 1 Gbps Ethernet 155- or 622- Mbps ATM 100-Mb Ethernet

Issues
Internet Backbone
622-Mbps POS 155-Mbps POS

BW limits Complex load balance Multiple boxes Port counts

IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000

2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

SRP Overview
Maximize BW efficiency
dual counter rotating rings destination stripping statistical muxing of BFP

Extend IP functionality over MAN & WAN Minimize provisioning and configuration
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

SRP Overview
Multicast support 2 Traffic priorities on ring
High priority traffic has low latency path around ring SRP fairness algorithm (SRP-fa) controls access to ring BW for low priority traffic

8 priority levels for Tx and Rx queueing

IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

SRP Cooperates with Layer 3 CoS to Extend Functionality

Precedence Setting Rate Control

Layer 3IP

Congestion Control RED/WRED

Granular Scheduling DRR on Eight Classes

Layer 2 SRP MAC

Big Fat Pipes High-Priority Bypass

Low-Priority Fairness Precedence Mapping

Layer 3 provides rich functionality and granular controls MAC provides speed and simplicity Enables low delay/jitter for voice and video packets
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

SRP Overview
SRP fairness algorithm
Distributed algorithm Propagates and uses MAC usage info
Node 1

(1)

(2)

Source and forward rate controls Rapid adaptation and convergence

(3) (5)

(4)

Node 2
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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SRP Overview
Scalable: Bit-rate; Circumference of ring; Up to 128 nodes Intelligent Protection Switching (IPS)
Survivability in the event of single fiber / node failure, or signal degradation

Media independent protocol

Initial implementation uses SONET/SDH framing
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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SRP Packet
SRP is a media independent MAC layer protocol The initial implementations utilizes Byte Synchronous HDLC within SONET/SDH framing (OC-12c, OC-48c, OC-192c) Allows transport via: Dark Fiber; SONET/SDH; WDM
Transport Overhead Path Overhead

Payload

F L A G
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000

MAC Header

Payload

F C S

F L A G
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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Comparison with DQDB

No segmentation and reassembly
complete packets stored and forwarded

Distributed fairness without master nodes Protection switching without master High priority traffic for delay sensitive applications
No support for isochronous traffic
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

13

Comparison with FDDI

Greater than 2x bandwidth improvement
both rings carry traffic Destination stripping allows spatial reuse

No token to pass FDDI-2 supported isochronous traffic & master node

not generally implemented
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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Summary
Scalable packet ring technology
Bit-rate; Number of Nodes; Ring Circumference

High bandwidth efficiency Cost effectiveness Distributed fault tolerance LAN, MAN and WAN applications
IEEE SRP Tutorial March 2000
2000, Cisco Systems, Inc.

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