CEC NET usn | I | | [ef Tet 4 18C1V14/24 First/Second Semester B.E. Degree Examination, Jan./Feb. 2021 Elements of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks: 100 . Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing ONE full question from each module. 2. Missing data, if any, may be suitably assumed. Note: Module-1 1a. Explain briefly the scope of following areas of civil engineering = Irrigation engineering Environmental engineering. (10 Marks) b. What are the roles of civil engineers in the infrastructural development of a country? (10 Marks) OR 2a, State and explain basic idealization in mechanics. (05 Marks) (06 Marks) State and prove law of parallelogram of forces. c. Two forces acting on a body are 5O0N and 1000N as shown in third force F such that the resultant of all the three forces is 1000N, directed at 40° to the X Q2(c). Determine the axis, ae Bs (0S Marks ¢2 re 22 3° a. State and prove Lami’s theorem. (08 Marks) 32 b, Two identical cylinders. each Weighing SOON are arranged in a through as shown in 2 Q3(b). Determine the reactions developed at contact points A, B, C and D. Assume all points of contact are smooth, Fig.Q3(b) (02 Marks) €. List the equations of equilibrium, Lof3 Scanned with CamScanner1gcrv14/24 4) a, State the laws of dry friction oR (04 Marks) b. Explain the types of friction. (os Marks) shown in Fig.Q4(c). cc. Find the force p just required to s Find also the tension in the string, 8 = 1000N. p= 0.2 for all contact surfaces. ide the block B in the arrangement ‘ven weight of block A = SOON and weight of block ren Fig. 040) (a0 Marks) M 5 a. Explain with sketches different types of loads. (os Marks) (06 Marks) b. Explain with sketches different types of supports €. Determine the reactions developed at supports A an Q5(e). dB of overhanging beam shown in son fee (10 Marks) 6 a. Liste diteent ypesoftrusss (06 sack ‘Analyse the truss shown in Fig Q6(b) by method of joints oh A exe i ~ ! Zoe ee fess ey Fig.Q6(b) (14 Marks), Modute-4 (08 Marks) cular lamina from the first principle. Qib), with respect to axes | ~ 1 and 2-2. 7a, Determine the centroid of a ser b. Locate the centroid of the lamina shown in Fig, an ony + @ (12 Marks) Fig.Q7(b) 20f3 Scanned with CamScanner8 10 18CIVi4/24 OR a. State and prove parallel axes theorem, (08 Marks) b. Determine the moment of inertia of the symmetric Lsection shown in Fig.Q8(b) about its centroidal axes x-x ad y-y- oe ina T = a ze - ot (12 Marks) a. Define the following : i) Projecti ii) Trajectory iii) Time of flight iv) Range. (08 Marks) b. A projectile is fired at certain angie has a horizontal range of 3.5km. If the maximum height feached is 500m, what is the angle of elevation of the cannon? What was the muzzle (06 Marks) velocity of the projectile? ‘A Burglar’s car starts with an A police van came after 10 see and acceleration of 2mise' continued to chase the burglar’s car with an uniform velocity of 40mvsec. find the time taken by the police van to overtake the Burglar’s car. (06 Marks) OR a. Slate Newton's second law of motion and D’Alembert’s principle. (04 Marks) POR Bik carries a man of weight 4000kN and is moving with a uniform acceleration of 3.Smv/see’. Determine the tension in the cable wher i) _ Lifts moving upwards ii) Lift is moving downwards. (08 Marks) ¢. Acar travelling ata speed of 75kmph applies brake and comes to a halt after skidding 60m Detemmine i) Deceleration ii) Time to stop the car iii) Coefficient of friction between road and tyres. (08 Marks) 30f3 Scanned with CamScannerKLS's VDIT , HALIYAL. Dept. dy Civil Engineesing . Elements 4 Civil Engineeuing and Mechanics. (igeavia|a4) Scheme and Solukon Module 4 lea. Explain brielly the scope 4, following aveas | Ans? oa 4 civil Engineering ib Inrigahon Engineeting iy, Environmental Engineening i} Tengaton Engineesin Terigation ma be deh ned as the “process 4 supplying voaler to the soil for “essing the crops by aatel,icial means. Irrigation, is not just Limited to appicahion q, water Jo soil but also watershed and ogrieultisas | fore. Tt deals with the design and constucton | 4, ali works, such os dams, weirs, head requiotoss eke. The scope 4, Trergation Engineering can be divided into two beads. E Scanned with CamScannerO} Engineeung Aspect This deals with. Storage 4, voaker by construchng dam as. TESEAVOIT - a} Diversion 4 stowed voates to canals for distribution : 3y Liking 4 vwoakep by digging reells and fed 4o small channels AY Conveyance 4, voaler to agriculkerad fields by Some suitable distibukion system tke | forrow , sprinkka and drip | Flooding » 00! aad irrrigahon 5} Develbpment d, bydeoelectric power. 6. Drainage and “rel teving the wakee logging. 40. maintain high produchyity 4, conal. by Agricultuza) Aspect This deals vith » Distribution dq, wales uoifornaly ard pesodically 4o maintain proper depths 4, voater fox crops. | o> Copacies ty different seils for errigahon voates . 3. Reclaimakion 4, waste ard alkaline lands. — | osm, Scanned with CamScanner"Qa. ut} Envrronmental Engineering Proper distribution 4, waker to rusal anor, town g cities and disposal 4, voaste water and solid waste aw anothe feld 4, avil trad: Industrialisakton & increase ip vehicular trofhre our creating aia pollubon problems. Environmental enginecning while tackling all these problems provides | healthy environment to public. Scanned with CamScannerAns Whot ore the oles 4, Givi engineers in the infyastruchival development da county ? “Bevel engineer has to play @ very tmp. role by locking inlo the public needs rub shelter, voates supply for drinking and. errig 4 crops 7 Sewerage 7 transportation , enegy and disaste protection, which forms the basic injrastru chusal demands A, the sociely but keeping our social and culheal heutage. ‘The voxious jobs to be palprmed are 0 y. Gvil Enginees take: up the construchon sector job. ay He should be competent io the various fields d, Susveying » planning ; axBlysing ; designing , esh making , scheduling , execuhon inspechion and maintenance dy voork . 3> He plans the buildings , toons, cites, recreational centres . ay. He builds shructurer tke building , dam, bridges » rest voise , tunnels railways baabouss ete. ‘ sy He builds water pusifying untts and distributes water for drinking purpose. —| lor (sll Scanned with CamScannerSa Aos: Stake and explain basic ideclizations in mechanics Basic wWealizations in rnechanics ame * Poalicle — It is defined as an object vohich hos only mass but no size. Such a body . cannot exist theorelically. Hovoever while dealing wilh problems ‘ovolving distances considerbly lasge: vohen conopacred to the size dy the body, the size 4, the body roy be neglecttdg roitbouk sacrificing accuracy. 8) Continuum — The body is assumed 40 consist of ao continuous distribution 4, ratte. ie, the body is treated as continuum. The concept 4, centinuun dy body enables us to simplify the problems in engineering mechanics & Rigid body — It is deljned asa body in which the relakwe positions dy any hoo particles do not change under the action & the forces. Ay Point force — The contact awa is ignored compared to other dimensions tovolved. 8 A ag Scanned with CamScannerState and prove law 4 porta llelog cam d, forces. Ans:! Statement : Th two forces acting sirpultoneously on a body at a poiwt are represented in magnitude and direction by the too adjacent sides do povallelogrorn , therr resultant is Jude and director by o represented i magn’ the adjacent Atagena! 4, the parallelogram which passes Vorough the point 4, ioleesection 4, the | two sides reprecerhing the forces. c | ! ' i ' 1 Ae 4 | A Ae € | Let P, &Fs be the hoo forces, © be the | angle bebween them - According 4o laxo 4 parallelogram d, forces, R=Ac = JC(aa+pey + CE~ ABEE, BE = Becos@ = F,cos© Scanned with CamScannerce ce=Bc sine = Sine R= J (CF +h cose) + (Fasine) =] 6 4aFF, cose 4 Fe 0s" + F sine R=[ pf sane.cose +h tena = SE = F8:10e PE F,+F,Cos® oe ter see. | F, +f, cOSe Poaticulas cose! iy When © =90° > RJ APS” ay When @= 0° “=> Re ithe iy When @=l80 =? R= Awa | Two forces acting ona Axe 560N and 1000N as shown in fig. Determine the thivd force F such thad the vesultant of all the Hevree forces is toon, directed at 4o” to the X-axis Scanned with CamScannerAns{ Lek the third force make an ongle © with x-axis. Rceosa = EFx 5000S 30 + 1000 cos 10 + Fcos@ 1000 cos 40 = Foose = -8:98 N — © | Rsind = Bry lo00 Sin 40 = 500SiIN 30 +1000 sin7o +Fsing Fsine = —S46-9N —@® ®@+0 tano = 60-90 © = 39-05" F = -S46-97 N Scanned with CamScanner3a. Ans: Module 02 Stole and prove Lami's theorem. Statement : Fa bedy a) equiilibrriuno uode the achion dy only fey foes, Coven Gious vS Propottional to the sine od, angle bebween the other two forces fi. , fe Sin dh SiPB Sint & Ag t e | ap : | fs ai Derivation SLULUrLS—C— eT Draw afte: the other a0 divechon and. magnitude stoaliog from point a. Since the body +8 in equilibrium, the wresultont should be zero, rohich means the point oh contact force diag rar should coincide with a. do the Aabe ab=-F, , be=H , cath Scanned with CamScannerApplying the sine vule. ab _ _be ca sin(iso-0) Sin Ci80-p) * “sin (1g0-7) ff fs Sid ol SiNB Sine 3b. | Two idenkcal cydinders , tach weighing Soon | aan arranged in a Hough 04 shown in fg. e the ‘eachons developed at contact Deterrmin | points A,B,C §&D. Assume all point dy contact | ars. Smooth. | i} | C) o>) ‘ ve as Sol: FBD | Re £8 rR Re SOON all Scanned with CamScannerSphewe 1 ZF Using larni's theorem Ra ~ Fe = 500 A. * a gino. sin(40+30) SiN (Aoted) = SIP-AO- Ry = 433-01 N Raz OSON Sphere 2. Using equations d, eqpitibriune EPx =O | Rp— Re cos 60 - Ra cos3o =O —oO Ey =0 Resin6o - Resin 30 — S00 = O = R= 781-68 N Rp2 STT:34.N & Equotions d, equilibrium Sol”: | + Coplanas concurrent force system | SPx 0 , ERO. — > Coplanos ponconcurrrent force system =P, 20 1-EFy 20 , =M=O. Scanned with CamScannerAal State the tows 4, deny frichon Aos:| Laws 4, dry Frichon. The Frichional force al opposite 4o that in which the body tends to acts 30 @ divechon move - ay Till the Simiting value iS reached , the mogotude 4, the Prichonal force is dexactly equod to the tongentiol force vobich tends to. move the bedy- 3} The magnitude 4 the dieoihing Frichon bears constant vatio 40 the normal seackon bekveen the two contaching susfaces. ay. The force d, Frichion depends oa smoothness 4, the sualces 5? The force 4d, Pachoo is independent 4, the area contact behneen tbe 400 suafpces- upor the rougoess ty| Exploin dhe type 4, Frichon , Ans:| tt Stabic Frichion ¢ / then ‘the applied tangential force 6 less than the Limihing Leichion » the body werpoins (oF west and such frichon is célled stolic Ratcton which will have ony value bet? zem and amiking Friction. _ | Scanned with CamScannercy it} Dynamic Frichoo Th the value 4, appbed. tangeokol force exceeds the Limiting frichoo , the body Gnd the Frectonall starts moving over another is known 03 sesistance experienced while moving ‘Dyawic frichion . >. Siding Frichton + Tk is the Frickon experienced by abedy when it slider over other body . > Rolling Pichon : Tk isthe frickon experienced by a body when tt rolls ove another body Rind the force P just repsived to slide the block B in the assangernent shows in fig. Rod. also the tension in the string . Given voeight 4 block A = SON and weight 4, block B= I000N. pzoa for al contact sualyaces String Scanned with CamScannerSOON. toon? _ 6. es 1000N F, aN SOON. Block- =Fx =O Tcos 30:—F2 =O. => Tcos30 - zey= 0 Tsinao —S00 +N = O —@ From © T= Gans cos30 Subshtuting i» © O-ANs cos 30 x SiN80 —SO0+N,=0 = N= 44B-O4N Ff, = 89-65N J = 103-52N No oan,=0. —@ Scanned with CamScanner1000 N_ block. EP x =O. Ft -F =O hy = N, -N2 1000 =© N,=1448-a4N F, = 289-65 N F =379-29N ine cae Scanned with CamScannerModule 03 Explain voit sketches different types 4, foads. Type 4, dloads : Concentrated. Load : TE a dood is achog over a veuy smal lengits compared to Span dy the beans, it is considewd as pot Load. —_—H a 92> Uniforrol dustributed doad.Cvpe) B Joad which bos get same intensity ove a considerable length ts called as UDL. ge knJeo, vo kn}ro oad Cove) 4, dhe Load increases ib ss called as vve. 3) Unifounly vosyieg at dhe intensity Sineoaly along lengt> : vokn|m. T+ oO % AY Qenerod Joading 5°. Exteanal moment Scanned with CamScanner»| Explain sith sketcher different types q, supports. “| Types 4 support » Sirople support The end d, the beam ‘vests simply ona. vegid Support. The vreachon is always normal to he Support. Thar is 90 moment ~resistante ak Suppor b. or Roller support The beam end is supported on odlleees. The. sreaction is normal Jo the support. The ends as free to votale. r, * Na Hinged | Pinned support “the position d, the end q, the beam is fred but free tovotale. AL such supports the veachon can be i9 ony durrection which is usually vrepresenkd | by its components 10 hwo roubually -* divectiong, 2, ea i a ay Fixed support Scanned with CamScannercy ay Fixed support The bears is reither permitted Fo nove in any dureclion nor allowed to rotate . mM Yo t¥e 7 Determine the reactions developed at supports AaB d overhang 10g bearo shown in fig. 30kn. ken 20kNho AOKNm ae a A, fa gen an are) 1 "an. Ex 20 Ha —30C0S45 =O > Hy = BNI kn. hy =O Vp ~S0SiDA4S +Rg — 40. = 0. ——— oO =M p20 ] Ao + (30810 46 x8) - (Ra x6) +4.0%7) =0 Rae TOW KN, O=* vy = 9-79.) kN Scanned with CamScanner6.a, List different type 4 trusses Types 4 trusses a Peefect truss A pio jointed truse ubich has got just Su}ficient number dy members to resist tre dood without undergoing appreciable delormation in shape is called a. perfect truss. a> Deh icient buss The oumber d, members in truss ave less than thal required for a pefyct truss. Such trusses cannot -cetain therr shape voben loaded! 3} Redundant buss. The number 4, members in it are more than that required in a pefect truss. Scanned with CamScanner6b Analyse the truce ehown in hg by method d, joints oe EFx =O. EP_rO Fy | Vp t¥5 = kn EMpy =O (5+ 6 cos6o) + (6x6.as) —(V2xI0)=0 Vp = SKN v, =6kN | | Joint D | | | SO Ae Vo, Tep. 2 Toe | ! Sins0. SinaTO.-SINGO. or! Top = —tokn | i Tpe = 3°66 kN Toi c. SP Lake. hx 20. - — Teg COS 80 — Tee COSGO— Teo: TepCos30 =O | Tee. Tea COS30 + Tee CaSGO.= - 8-66 —O ‘ Scanned with CamScannerEfy=0 Tea, SIN30 — Tee SIN GO +Tep SIN3O — & =O Teg Sin30 —Tce SiINGO = -!| —®©) ving © & Solvi 4 ® y Ai Teg = ~ 7-99 kN Ao Toe = -3-46 kN Tee: Toiot_€ Teo. Toe TRE =F 20. —The + Tape ~ Teg Cos 60 — Tee COS60 =O Tae +Tea Cosco = 6:93. Bhy =O +Teas Ten = 3°46 kn ; i060 — Tee SINCO =O Tre = 6-A3kN | Ta8 = ZF FO. Tae + Tap E0860 =O. go* Tag = 12°86 KN vy Tae Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerModule 04 Determine the centroid do semiciaculag lamina Srom the fixst principle ay The elemental asea may be treated as a rectangle g, sides ade and do .. Area oh element = v-dody Momest about its diamebrical axis w.do xdv 1 7Sine = ¥>si0@-dr.de a) moment dy avea about diametrical axis, = [S' vse cat-de = ("Ei ffene de = a [-c0s e). Tot Eee PioeRe Ty p+ 3 Brea dy semiciacle. B=} TR? pe eeceee Ae pve * or a Scanned with CamScannereS ee Locate the centroid 4, the lamina shown in Ag. tb. wat 1-1 & 9-2 ee) Components Mrea | Dist ‘Dist 4, Ay. Ax. rom: | centroid centroid | trom O® | From GB} ror® rom | rom | mm, | | Creek beer loo, soo, =| 4 x10®| a-a not gC) Ypx400x | 2% x1000 | 8004+ 499)), saxig 1-R67%) | looo 8 ] | | Deductions ! 35 (sernieiacld Tipxtod 0-424 x400 ROO, 0-43.x10] 1.005104) 8 TABKIO Atozx 4.062% | to 10° 7 | R= E04 . §42-15mm | Eo. Y= 204 - 654-53 mm =a. | Scanned with CamScanner8.| State and prove parallel axis theovero Ans: | Statement | VW the Mi do plane area about a0 axis trough tts cg ds denoted by Ix, then | ma dy the oxo about any reference anus O-O porallel to x-axis and ak o distance 4, q Prom CG iS given by 3 Ty. = Ixx + AY Let dx. 2M dabout AX Q2uS Jy-1 = M1 dy asta about reference axis OD he Aveo 4, body q=Dist dca 4 body from O© ma dy element abouk OO = da (G+y) “I 4, vobole bedy 1-1, De Eda (ZG +y)y = Sdoy?+ Eday’+ s doy = xx , Eday=o. They = AG + dx, | asdayy Scanned with CamScanner8b. Determire the mornent 4, inestia d. the symomebic y-secton shown in fig about its centroidal anus xx & yd 200: e900 lS aa sy OG _ oo X= LOOmo Y = 125-0aram Po Component | Area % Dum Dy® . 4 dl 200. A s 4 200% 4, 100 250 -4 Igxiot | 4-4 x0 [> agoxe7 | 100 | 44232. | isexio" | 1-4 108 | T- | a a00x9 | too | 45 |iexict | gi00 50 a ° SISA A 5.15 x10] 6-38 x10 2 2 1 Pa | Py | ge | Tey texio’ | toe” | Heaxte®) 9 xto% 12150 cS pesxiol | 24x10" | B7KO"| 9814-7 remot | 36450 | 12150 | 6x10% Si xi0t | 1-89 x10% | @99x0% | 12+0 x10% Scanned with CamScannerTy = Etgx + Say 6-949x105)+ 1-32x10% 1-33 x108 rom > dex = dina 7 Ay = (1-38 x10) - (6154-4 x1957) = STAG X08 ort ny n ee 3 Iqy + Sax = (r-oxich) +(S 1x10 = gaxic? nt Jen AR dyy (g3x10%) - Gis4-4 x100 ») 2 WAS KIO’ mot Scanned with CamScannerModule oS Ga.} Debjoe the following ty Projectile ww ragedory iy Time 4 light we Range Ans: ty Projechle : The Freely projected particles which Ox having dhe combined. effect 4, Q verticad and o. horizontal components di ration aw called projectiles. atta Frajector : The pat traced, by the projectile ws called ov its Arajeclory. iid Time of Might : The hime interval dasing which the projectile is in motion is called dhe time oh flight. wr Range The horizontal distance through ubich the projectile travels in its flight is called the vange. Bn pe 4 Troje cory Scanned with CamScannerWO 9.b.] & projectile is fired -ab certain angle bas @ howizontal range 4, 35h. If the max height ‘reached is Soom, what ts the angle 4, elevation of, the cannon? Whot was the rouxzle velocity dq, the projectle? Koss one Rorge, Re WSIOAL = asoo, pete wee o 2 Wesinrd Hrooux “see = 500. r)) “urs S00 %Aq Sid —® Substitukiog ® in © S00 89, Sinde = 3500. Sito 1000 SiPAL: _ 3555 Sines © loo Acose!). 3690 Sind : ee ie “us 199-62 ms q.c | A Busglas S cas stasts with an acceleration 4, grojs?. & police yao came afte losec and continued to chage the busglas’s car with an uniforn velocity 4, 40m)s Find the tme takeo by the police van to overtake the buaglos's car. Scanned with CamScannerAns: | Police van: use Aeros Szut =4ok —@ Burglar 's cor: uso a= ams? Dist travelled in CtHo0) sec. s-ut+!fat? 2 OF Yynar (t+10)" = (tt10) =t?4a0t+I00 —@ Equating . ©&@ Ao = $%+d0t +100. t? aot +100 = 0. t =losec 10.4. State Newtons second law & D'aldmbert's | Principle - Newtons second low : The vale 4, change 4, momentum 4S directly Proportional to the impressed dorce and | fokes place 19 the Same direction in which the | force acts. Scanned with CamScannerlo-b | Kos: D'Alenbert s priociple : The. ayster q, forces acting ona body io moon js in dynamic eqpiliboriuro with the inahta force dy the body. A Jutt cassier & man d, weight Aoooln & is | moving with a uniform acel? 3-Sm)s>. Determine lame tension in the cable when a LAFt is moving upwoor ds id Lift 3s moving dovonvwordy, iy LF ts moving upwards W 3° R-w ~Fa20 R= w(1+$> = 4000 (t +35 Re = 5427kN Te LIFE 58 moving dour wordy bi R Wat R-w tH asd ' 3 Scanned with CamScanner10.¢. Ans | S cor travelling ak a speed 4, askm ph apples, brake & comesto a halt after skidding 60m. Detamine - iy Deceleration ii} Time to stop the cas ind Coxfyicient 4, Friction belween road & tyres. ues kph = 20-230Js. v=o. S = 60M ng?s U7? + Aas © = 20-2374 a(a)(eo) ar =3-6)ms* ng surat E=5-778s oN x3. fel acy ae 6) pw = Ww x36) 9-8) pre 0-38 Scanned with CamScanner