§ HTTP

§ AMQP
§ COAP

§ MQTT
 MQTT COAP AMQP HTTP
Year 1999 2010 2003 1997
Architecture Client/Broker Client/Server Client/Server Client/Server
Client/Broker Client/Broker
Model Publish/Subscribe Publish/Subscribe Publish/Subscribe Request/Response
Request/Response Request/Response
Header Size 2 Byte 4 Byte 8 Byte Undefined
Message Size Small and Small & Undefined Negotiable & Large & Undefined
Undefined Undefined
QoS QoS 0 - At most once(Fire- Confirmable Message(similar to Settle Format (similar to At Limited (via Transport
and-Forget) At most once) or most once) or Protocol - TCP)
QoS 1 - At least once Non-confirmable Message Unsettle Format (similar to At
QoS 2 - Exactly once (similar to At least once) least once)

Standards OASIS, Eclipse IETF, Eclipse OASIS, ISO/IEC IETF and W3C
Foundation Foundation
Transport TCP UDP, SCTP TCP, SCTP TCP
Protocol
Security TLS/SSL DTLS, IPSec TLS/SSL, IPSec, SASL TLS/SSL
Default Port 1883/ 8883 5683 (UDP Port)/ 5672/5671 80/ 443 (TLS/SSL)
(TLS/SSL) 5684(DLTS) (TLS/SSL)
Licensing Open Source Open Source Open Source Free
Model
Higher

HTTP

AMQP
Lower Message Size

MQTT

CoAP

Lower Message Overhead Higher

Higher

HTTP

AMQP
Power Consumption

MQTT

CoAP
Lower

Lower Resource Requirements Higher

Higher

HTTP

AMQP
BANDWIDTH

MQTT

CoAP
Lower

Lower LATENCY Higher

Lower Reliability/QoS Higher

MQTT

AMQP

CoAP

HTTP

Lower Interoperability Higher