International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 08 Issue: 05 | May 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

Comparative Study of Pre Engineered Building and Conventional Steel

Building
Pornima Pritish Naik1, Dr.S.H.Mahure2
1M.E.(Structural Engg.)Student, Department of Civil Engineering, B.N. College of Engineering, Pusad (M.S.), India
2Professor and Head, Department of Civil Engineering, B.N. College of Engineering, Pusad (M.S.), India
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Abstract - Cost of steel is increasing day by day and use design software. The onset of technological advancement
of steel has become inevitable in the construction industry enabling 3D modeling and detailing of the proposed
in general and in industrial building in particular. Hence structure and coordination has revolutionized
to achieve economic sustainability it is necessary to use Conventional building construction. Pre-Engineered
steel to its optimum quantity. Long span is the most Buildings is the future for India. Most of the Indian
essential in any type of industrial structures and Pre business community is just started to realize the benefits
Engineered Buildings (PEB) fulfill this requirement along of Pre Engineered Buildings. Where you have been
with reduced time and cost as compared to Conventional building with concrete for as long as anyone can
Steel Building. Pre-Engineered Building (PEB) concept is a remember, it is difficult to change. However India’s most
new conception of single storey industrial building progressive companies are seeing the benefits of Pre
construction. This methodology is versatile not only due to Engineered Buildings.
its quality pre-designing and prefabrication, but also due 1.1 Classification
to its light weight and economical construction. The
concept includes the technique of providing the best I. Conventional Steel Building.
possible section according to the optimum requirement.
II. Pre Engineered Building.
The work presents the comparative study and design of
conventional steel frames with Pre Engineered Buildings 1.2 Conventional Steel Building
(PEB). In this work, an industrial building of length 100m
Conventional steel buildings are constructed by
and width 30m with roofing system as conventional steel
rolled steel sections which are designed individually and
truss and pre-engineered steel frame is analyzed and
fabricated at site using welding and cutting, offering the
designed by using STAAD Pro V8i.
ability to design a unique building.
Keywords: Conventional Steel Building, Pre- Conventional Steel Buildings are low rise steel
Engineered Building, Staad.Pro Vi8, Tapered Section, structures with roofing systems of truss with roof
Steel Structures coverings. Various types of roof trusses can be used for
these structures depending upon the pitch of the truss.
1. INTRODUCTION For large pitch, Fink type truss can be used; for medium
pitch, Pratt type truss can be used and for small pitch,
India has the second fastest growing economy in the
Howe type truss can be used. Skylight can be provided
world. The construction industry has discovered,
for day lighting and for more day lighting, quadrangular
invented and developed a number of technologies,
type truss can be used. The selection criterion of roof
systems and products, one of them being the concept of
truss also includes the slope of the roof, fabrication and
Pre-engineered Buildings(PEB). For the past few
transportation methods, aesthetics, climatic conditions,
decades, pre-engineered buildings have become popular
etc. Several compound and combination type of
in the construction industry. Pre Engineered building are
economical roof trusses can also be selected depending
the latest trend in India. Pre-engineered structure is an
upon the utility.
idea designed with a view to replace conventional steel
structures as the structural components are The Conventional Steel Building frame of the structure is
manufactured under controlled environment conditions considered in the study is as shown in Figure 1.1
tend to produce products with high quality & precision,
reduce resource wastages and decrease the budget
considerably. As opposed to being on-site fabricated, Pre
Engineered Buildings are delivered as a complete
finished product to the site from a single supplier with a
basic structural steel framework with attached factory
finished cladding and roofing components. The structure
is erected on the site by bolting the various building
components together as per specifications. Pre
Engineered Buildings are developed using potential

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
Volume: 08 Issue: 05 | May 2021
Fig 1.1 Conventional Steel Structure Frame
1.3 Pre Engineered Building
Pre-Engineered Building concept involves the
steel building systems which are predesigned and
prefabricated. As the name indicates, this concept
involves pre-engineering of structural elements using a
predetermined registry of building materials and
manufacturing techniques that can be proficiently
complied with a wide range of structural and aesthetic
design requirements. The basis of the PEB concept lies in
providing the section at a location only according to the
requirement at that spot. The sections can be varying
throughout the length according to the bending moment
diagram. This leads to the utilization of non-prismatic
rigid frames with slender elements. Tapered I sections
made with built-up thin plates are used to achieve this
configuration. Standard hot-rolled sections, cold-formed
sections, profiled roofing sheets, etc. is also used along
with the tapered sections. The use of optimal least
section leads to effective saving of steel and cost
reduction. The typical PEB frame of the structure is as
shown in the Figure 1.4.
Fig. 1.2 Pre-Engineered Building Frame (PEB)
1.4 Advantages of Pre Engineered Building over
Conventional Steel Building
 Faster construction:
 Commercial: Showrooms, Distribution centres,
Supermarkets, Fast food restaurants, Offices,
Labour camps, Service station, Shopping
centres.
 Institutional: Schools, Exhibition halls,
Hospitals, Theatres/auditoriums, Sports halls.
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The components of the Pre-engineered
buildings are engineered before hand and
standardized. Use of standardized components
results in reduction of engineering, manufacturing
and erection time. Standard building delivery may
take 6-8 weeks including engineering time.
 High strength to weight ratio:
Use of high strength materials lead to lighter
construction.
 Lower cost:
Owing to standardization and systematic
approach, significant saving is possible in design,
manufacturing and erection. From structural 10
design point of view the main frame section shape
follows the stress diagram of the member, thereby
causes weight reduction and less load on foundation.
 Large clear spans:
Clear spans of upto 80 metres are possible.
 Flexibility of expansion:
These buildings have the advantage of
expansion in length by inclusion of additional bays
in the future.
 Quality control:
Availability of certified material from steel
mills having guaranteed strength and welding of the
entire building components facilities undisputed
quality control.
 Architectural versatility:
Various types of fascias, canopies, curved
eaves etc. can be provided.
 Energy efficient roof and wall systems:
Numerous insulation materials are
available for providing insulation to roof and walls.
1.5 Application of Pre Engineered Building
The most common applications of pre-engineered
buildings are:
 Industrial: Factories, Workshops,
Warehouses, Cold stores, Car parking
sheds, Slaughter houses.
 Recreational: Gymnasiums, swimming pool
enclosures, Indoor tennis courts.
 Aviation & Military: Aircraft hangars,
Administration buildings, Residential barracks.
 Agricultural: Poultry buildings, Dairy farms,
Greenhouses, Grain storage, Animal
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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08 Issue: 05 | May 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

confinement. Self wt of roof =22.5 kN

2. MODELING Total Dead load = 64.86 kN
2.1 Warehouse Particulars  Live load
Type of building Industrial building Live load is calculated according to IS 875
(part II) 1987
Type of structure single storey industrial Live load on slopping roof = 750 – 20(α -10) N/m2
structure
But slopping roof with slope upto and including 10
Location Amravati
degree
Area of building 7500 m2
Hence, Live load = 0.75 KN/m2
Area of Building 3000 m2
2.2.3 Wind load calculation for both the buildings
Total width Building 30m
Wind load is calculated according to IS 875 (part
Total length Building 100m III)2015
Eave Height 6m Wind load is calculated as per IS: 875 (Part 3) –
Spacing along length 5m 1987 Basic Wind speed Vb = 50 m/sec
Support condition (CSB) Fixed Risk Coefficient K1 = 1

Support condition(PEB) Pinned Terrain, Height and Structure size factor K2 = 1

Topography factor K3 = 1
PEB roof slope 5.710
Design Wind Speed Vz = VbK1K2K3 = 50 m/sec
CSB roof slope 9.460
Design Wind Pressure P = 0.06 V 2 = 1.5 kN/m2
2.2. Load Calculations The Internal Coefficients are taken as +0.5 and -0.5.
2.2.1 Sample load Calculations for Conventional Steel Wind Load on individual members are then calculated
Building by
Dead load is calculated according to IS 875 (part I) 1987. F = (Cpe – Cpi) x A x P

 Dead load Where,

Weight of AC shetting = 27.36 kN Cpe – External Coefficient

Weight of purlin =15 kN Cpi – Internal Coefficient

Self wt of roof truss =22.5 kN A – Surface Area in m2

Wt of bracing = 3 kN P – Design Wind Pressure in kN/m2

Total Dead load = 67.86 kN 3. STAAD PRO PROCEDURE

 Live load In the present study, Staad.pro software has been
used in order to analyze and design Pre Engineered
Live load is calculated according to IS 875 (part Structures and Conventional Steel Structure. It gives the
II)1987 Bending moment, Shear Forces, Axial Forces, Torsion,
Live load on slopping roof = 750 – 20(α -10) N/m2 Beam Structures of a steel structure so that the design
can be done using Tapered Sections and check for safety
But slopping roof with slope upto and including 10 in Pre Engineered Buildings.
degree
Hence, Live load = 0.75 kN/m2

2.2.2 Sample load Calculations for Pre

Engineered Building

 Dead load
Weight of AC shetting = 27.36 kN
Weight of purlin =15 kN

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08 Issue: 05 | May 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

3.1 Analysis of Conventional Steel Building 3.2 Analysis of Pre-Engineered Building

Fig -3.1: Three dimensional view (3D View) of

Conventional Steel Building

Fig-3.4: Property for Pre Engineered Building

components

Fig -3.2: Conventional steel Building loading and load

combinations

3.1.1 Load combinations of Conventional Steel

Fig-3.5: Three dimensional view (3D View) of Pre-
Structure:
Engineered Building Frame
 1.5(DL+LL)
3.2.1 Load combinations of Conventional Steel
 1.5(DL+LL) Structure
 1.2(DL+LL+WL) (1) DL+LL
(2) DL+WL1
(3) DL+WL2
(4) DL+WL3
(5) DL+WL4
(6) 1.5DL+1.5WL1
(7) 1.5DL+1.5WL2
(8) 1.5DL+1.5WL3
(9) 1.5DL+1.5WL4

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08 Issue: 05 | May 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

234 3.80 2.001

235 3.80 2.083
Total 748.012
Total Weight of Pre Engineered building=
748.012kN
Total cost of Pre Engineered building = Rs
33,23,210
On comparing the results of both the analysis, the
following results were obtained as in table-3
Fig-3.6: Pre Engineered Building Frame loading Table-3 : Comparing results of both analysis
4. RESULTS & DISCUSSION Building Dimensions Weight Cost (Rs)
(m) (kN)
4.1 Steel take off Result of Conventional Steel
Building Conventional 30 x 100 875.401 38,89,260
Steel Building
Table-1 : Steel take off Result of Conventional Steel
Pre engineered 30 x 100 748.012 33,23,210
Building
building
Section profile Length (m) Weight (kN)
ISA200x150x18 120.83 55.448
4.3 Discussion
ISA75x75x6 1287.91 85.679
The structural analysis and design of the structural
ISA110x110x12 252.00 48.435 frame considered was done using the Staad.Pro software
ISA200x100x12 1147.86 305.007 which is very user friendly and effective. First a typical
frame is selected from the structure. Then the frame was
ISA80x80x8 4059.99 380.812
analyzed and designed according to the Pre Engineered
Total 875.401 building concept and then by the Conventional Steel
Building concepts. Pre-Engineered Buildings have vast
Total Weight of Conventional Steel Building= advantages over the Conventional Steel Buildings. The
875.401kN results of the software analysis and literature studies
Total cost of Conventional Steel building= Rs conducted for both the concepts suggest the same.
38,89,260
5. CONCLUSION
4.2 Steel take off Result of Pre Engineered Pre-Engineered Building structures can be easily
Building designed by simple procedures using IS code. In this
Table-2 : Steel take off Result of Pre Engineered study and analysis, it can be concluded that Pre-
Building Engineered Building are more advantageous than
Conventional Steel Building in terms of cost
Tapered Length (m) Weight (kN) effectiveness, quality control, speed in construction and
Member simplicity in erection.
1 252.00 136.651
The weight and cost of Pre-engineered building is
3 3.80 1.532 almost 15% less than the weight and cost of
Conventional Steel Building.
5 3.80 1.721
9 304.14 136.585 Pre Engineered Building offers low cost, strength,
durability, design flexibility, adaptability and
11 304.14 157.798
recyclability. Pre-Engineered Building construction gives
127 1700.00 304.019 end users a much more economical and better solution
for long span structures where large column free areas
227 3.80 1.386 are needed.
228 3.80 1.233
Therefore, Pre-Engineered Building is more
229 3.80 1.145 preferable than conventional steel building
233 3.80 1.857

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 International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 08 Issue: 05 | May 2021 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072

REFERENCES [4] IS: 875 (Part 2) – 1987 Code of Practice for Design
Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and
[1] S.K.Duggal “Design of steel structures” by Tata Mc Structures (Imposed Load).
graw hill. [5] IS: 875 (Part 3) – 2015 Code of Practice for Design
[2] Dr.B.C.Punmia, Ashok Jain, Arun Kumar Jain Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings And
“Design of steel structures” by Laxmi publications. Structures (Wind Load).

[3] IS: 875 (Part 1) – 1987 Code of Practice for Design [6] IS: 800 – 2007 Indian Standard General
Loads (Other than Earthquake) for Buildings and Construction In Steel – Code of Practice.
Structures (Dead Load)

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