Nama : Fadel Muhammad Huasin

NIM : 0332020003
Kelas : C1

Judul : Wavefront Compensation Technique for Terrestrial Line of Sight Free Space
Optical Communication
Jurnal : International Journal – Educational Sciences
Volume & Halaman : Volume (4) & Halaman 44-50
Tahun : 2019
Penulis : R.Rajeshwari ;T.Pasupathi ; J. Arputha Vijaya Selvi PG Scholar,
Reviewer :-
Tanggal : April 2019

Abstract—Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) refers to an optical communication where

unguided visible, infrared or ultraviolet light is used to carry the signal. In Wireless Optical
Communication systems, optical signal is modulated and transmitted over the free space atmospheric
channel. When the laser beam is propagating through the turbulent atmospheric channel it is heavily
affected by various parameters. Generally, the intensity of the laser beam is greatly degraded by the
phenomenon such as absorption and scattering effect due to natural atmospheric components namely
gases, dust, smoke, precipitation, fog, rain etc. In other hand, the performance of FSOC is heavily
affected by the fluctuation in the atmosphere. This fluctuation results in atmospheric turbulence effect
such as beam wandering beam scintillation and wavefront aberration. Therefore, the performance of the
FSOC is degraded by the atmospheric turbulence tremendously. Hence it is necessary to develop a
suitable optoelectronic arrangements and algorithms to compensate the atmospheric turbulences. This
paper shows the viability to improve the performance of FSOC by compensating the atmospheric
turbulence effect. In this paper, a wavefront aberration compensation technique to mitigate the
wavefront aberrations due to the channel is developed using the necessary opto electronic assembly.
This paper mainly elaborates experimental implementation for calculation of wavefront aberration and
also demonstrates the correction achieved experimentally.
INTRODUCTION :

Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) is a high speed wireless optical communication

technology that uses light for the transmission of data through free space works on the
principle of laser source technology at transmitter end and detector at receiver end to transmit

and analysis about FSOC says that the stability and quality of the FSOC link is greatly degraded

by atmospheric. Basic Building Blocks of FSOC It has a transmitter, an atmospheric channel as

medium and a receiver communicated over the optical wireless system is generated by the

source and the data is modulated by the modulator are two types of optical light source are

available namely.Light Emitting Diode (LED) and Laser Diode (LD) the FSOC transmitter and

receiver are configured to Transmit and receive optical signals propagating in free space.

Transmitter converts electrical signal from driver circuit into optical form to be transmitted over

the through atmospheric channel, it is heavily affected by the necessary correction, photo

detector in the FSOC receiver converts the received optical signal to electrical signal Since the

medium for transmission in FSOC is free space, there are many challenges faced in

implementing the space optical system as shown in Fig . They include atmospheric challenges

due to changes in various weather results in intensity fluctuations and degradation of the...

EXPERIMENTAL RESULT
The transmitter block diagram for the proposed methodology is shown in Fig 5. It consists of data
generating module, laser modulator and laser source. In data generating unit, Random binary data is
generated at a speed of 1Hz. Necessary frequency for the operation is derived from 4MHz on board
clock. Generated data is modulated using On Off Keying (OOK) modulation scheme and propagated
through the atmospheric channel. A low cost laser source with wavelength and power rating of 650 nm
and 5mW is used as a laser source.
The receiver block diagram of the proposed methodology is shown in Fig 6. The receiver block
composed of science camera, FPGA, woofer twitter based actuator, photo diode, amplifier and PC to
view the original data.
The binary sequence is generated with the help of PRBS generator. It is so attractive in the field of
opto electronics due to its simplicity and easy to construct. Generally, PRBS generator has lots of uses in
various field of application such as testing of transmission system, BER measurement etc. It plays a vital
role in digital communication and test pattern generation such as VLSI testing to generate the binary
sequence.
The laser beam from the receiver was captured by the CCD camera and the original image
obtained as shown in the Fig 8. Due to the environmental factors, the laser beam is scattered and the
diameter is greater than that of the diameter of beam in the transmitter end. Fig. 8. The Original Image
(Testing Image) The image obtained from the CCD camera shown in Fig 9 with the pixel size of
1250×1345 could be treated as the testing image which has the resolution of 30×30 pixel using MATLAB
for the evaluation of the intensity by comparing it with the reference image.
CONCLUSION
In this project, Performance of Free Space Optical Communication is improved by using the
wavefront sensor-less adaptive optics system. In general, the aberrated wavefront from the atmospheric
free space can corrected with the help of AO system. Wavefront sensorless system is designed for the
mitigation of the low order (tip tilt, X & Y coma) atmospheric turbulence in the wavefront. The laser
beam is captured by the CCD Camera and the parameters such as intensity, strehl ratio are extracted
from the obtained wavefront and it is further processed by the ANN system to estimate the degradation
in the received wavefront by comparing it with the reference image to generate necessary actuator
voltage for the Deformable mirror (DM). The feed forward back propagation Artificial Neural Network
(ANN) is used to calculate the actuator voltage for the deformable mirror in order to compensate the
aberrated wavefront. The above ANN is implemented in Spartan-3 (XC3S400)-4 PQ208 and necessary
results are obtained. The sensorless technique reduces the cost of the instrument and avoids all the
problems related to maintaining the alignment. VII.FUTURE SCOPE In FSOC, the Modulated laser beam
could be transmitted about the distance of 70m with the minimum BER and better Line of sight. Hence
the transmission could be enhanced by achieving the higher distance between the transmitter and
receiver. With the increase in the distance, the atmospheric turbulence strength and the internal
parameter of the wavefront could be taken in the consideration. Since the BER could be highly affected
by the external environmental factors and also the beam diameter could be high due to the long
distance communication. In this demonstration, the deformable mirror with a single actuator is
modeled. Thus the increase in the number of actuators could lead to the better wavefront correction.
Hence about 37-actuators could be designed for the precise correction of the test image.