Escuela Bilingüe Mesoamericana

Educar para servir transformar y producir

Teacher:
Ruth Lainez

Assignment:
Lab Report

Class:
Human Biology

Group Members:
Aurora Visconti
Beker Solis
Carlos Tosta
Kenneth Castro
Samir Aguilar

Grade/Section: 11th A

Date:
31 of March of 2023
Siguatepeque, Comayagua, Honduras.
 Index

Summary....................................................................................................................................3
Keywords....................................................................................................................................4
Introduction...............................................................................................................................5
Definition....................................................................................................................................6
Procedure...................................................................................................................................7
Discussion.................................................................................................................................10
Conclusion................................................................................................................................11
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................12

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 Summary

This report is about the laboratory session that us like eleventh grade students made in
the human biology class, where we have the great opportunity to explore the anatomy and
structure of a cow brain by ourselves with the help of our teacher. During the session, we had
the opportunity to do a practical experiment that we could touch with our hands (with the use
of gloves and pharmaceutical material) by dissecting and cutting the brain into parts, enabling
us to study the different regions and functions of the brain. In this report, we will be sharing
our personal observations and data gained from the laboratory session, including the structure
of the brain and its various components. Also, All the new things we didn't know before we
did the work, and that we learned in the process, we hope that this report will really provide
you a better understanding and a great view of the intricate workings of the brain and its
importance in the human body.

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 Keywords

 anatomy
 brain
 cow
 cut
 cutting
 dissecting
 function
 humans
 incision
 laboratory
 lobes
 matter
 structure
 wrinkles

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 Introduction

“J Neurosci Rural Pract. Jan-Mar 2018” Says that the cow brain is the essential nervous
system of the cow, which is responsible for controlling and coordinating all of the animal’s
bodily functions. It is located within the skull and is protected by the bony structures of the
cranium.

The cow brain is a complex organ that consists of various regions, including the cerebral
cortex, cerebellum, and brainstem, each of which plays a unique role in regulating different
aspects of the cow’s behavior, movement, and sensory processing. The cerebral cortex is the
outer layer that covers the entire brain, cerebellum is the one in charge of maintaining the
body balance and the brainstem is the one that connects the cerebellum with the spinal cord it
regulates most of the body automatic functions. The cow brain is significant importance to the
study of veterinary medicine, it plays a critical role in diagnosing and treating various
neurological disorders in cows. Research on the cow brain can also provide insights into the
behavior and cognition of other species, including humans. We can also emphasize that the
study of the cow brain has become an essential area of research in the field of neuroscience,
with numerous laboratories dedicated to studying the structure and function of this fascinating
organ. In the present report we are going to talk about the process that we make while
determining the brains lobes and explaining what is the function of each one. While making
this experiment, we recognized the brains anatomy and its morphology. We also make a
process of cutting, to determine the lobes and to see how the brain is structured.

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 Definition

During this laboratory we could observe what was the anatomy of a cow’s brain, this helped
us to recognize the anatomy of the brain, Moreover, thanks to the help of the different cuts, we
discovered new structures present in these brains and we were able to apply what we studied
in class in a brain, recognizing the different lobes present in cow brains. Thanks to the
recognition of these lobes, we were able to define what were the different functions of each of
these.

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 Procedure

To begin, we all donned the proper equipment and attire to carry out the laboratory. We had to
wash the brain with clean water before we could begin dissecting it. We placed the brain on
the plate after cleaning it and proceeded to touch it. The beef brain had a smooth and
gelatinous texture, according to the entire crew. The next goal was to identify the various
lobes (frontal, parental, temporal and occipital). After finding the cerebral lobes, we made a
sagittal incision to examine the inside of the brain. We were able to touch and view the gray
matter, as well as all of its connections. Before we finished, we created a coronary incision
between the frontal and pariental lobes to better show the belt, hard body, and translucent
wall. Finally, our team did further incisions out of sheer curiosity, and we were able to find
the inner chamber, little brain, and longish marrow.

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 Discussion

At first, we observed the brain from different angles without touching it, it had many wrinkles
and the smell was a bit uncomfortable. We could saw that it had blood. After, we touched the
brain, it felt jellyish and it was very cold. We localized and named all de brain lobes.
Subsequently, we made a sagittal cut and we located the cerebral cortex and saw the internal
structure of the cerebellum, we also saw the gray and dark matter. Gray matter was white, in
the other hand the dark matter as it names indicates, it was dark. Also, in this same cut we
found a bone in the middle of the brain, near the frontal. We made a Coronal cut, and we
observed that there was more Gray matter and dark matter. We also observed a structure that
we could not identify because it was not presented on any other brain that we had seen or
studied, but it looked like it was there to connect the cerebellum to the rest of the brain.
Finally, we continued to explore the brain and made cuts everywhere. There was more gray
matter and a lot of clotted blood.

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 Conclusion

Thanks to the experiment done in the laboratory we were able to learn more of the brain theme
that every day was explained in class, we could touch the brain and we were able to identify
through cuts the different lobes. This helped us to review and not only also to learn to identify
them in a real brain, to be able to cut the brain where our curiosity led us to the conscience of
gray matter, at the beginning we did not know what it was, then the teacher explained us what
it was. We discovered really interesting things that have fascinated us, this lesson has served
us to understand the brain, its anatomy, its parts and to be able to discuss these parts until we
can discuss each of the functions of these parts, we were able to combine the knowledge of all
to make it possible to complete the experiment in the best way. Have been able to touch with
hand has also helped us to understand the consistency but above all to make the study reality.

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 Bibliography

J Neurosci Rural Pract. (Jan-Mar 2018). Using of Fresh Cadaveric Cow Brain in the
Microsurgical Training Model for Sulcal-Cisternal and Fissural Dissection.

Michael Price. (8 Jun 2021). The tamer the cow, the smaller the brain.

Cleveland Clinic. (2023). Cerebral Cortex.

Jeffery P. Hogg. (July 6, 2022). Neuroanatomy, Brainstem.

James Knierim, Ph.D., Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University (20 Oct

2020). Chapter 5: Cerebellum.

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