Transcripts

Nature and the Environment Unit 3 Growing Roses

M: Excuse me, ma’am. I have a problem with my
Unit 1 A Picnic by the River rose bush. It used to produce a lot of pink roses.
But now it doesn’t produce any flowers at all.
W: This is a good spot. Let’s stop and have our picnic
W: I see. That does seem like a problem. Do the
next to the river.
leaves on the plant look healthy?
M: Good idea. Walking always makes me hungry.
M: Not really. The leaves used to be very green.
I’m ready for lunch.
Now, most of them have turned brown.
W: We can sit here on the grass. Oh no! Someone
W: Well, I think your rose bush needs some fertilizer.
forgot to throw these empty paper bags away.
M: OK. What sort of fertilizer do you think I should
There is litter everywhere!
use?
M: Why do people always leave litter around? It’s
W: This liquid fertilizer is very good. It will help
not a nice thing to do. It spoils other people’s
make your rose leaves green again. Then the
picnics.
plant should produce roses quite soon. The
W: I think they are lazy. Or maybe they just don’t
fertilizer costs about ten dollars.
care. Look, there are some empty cans and glass
M: How long will it take for my rose bush to recover?
bottles under that tree, too.
W: About two weeks, I think.
M: People should clean up before they leave, and
M: Great. I’ll take it. Thank you so much for your
not leave litter lying around.
help.
W: That’s right. Well, after our picnic, let’s pick up
W: You’re welcome!
all the litter we can and take it out of here.
M: OK! And next week, let’s come back with
friends and pick up some more.
W: Good idea!
Unit 4 Bird Watching
B : I want to go bird watching tomorrow. Do you
know a good area for birds?
Unit 2 Let’s Recycle! G : There is a quiet park near here. There are always
many beautiful birds there.
M: Hi, Jane! Have you heard about the new laws to
B : Will I be able to see different types of birds in
help people recycle?
this area?
W: I heard about them on the news last night. I
G : Yes, I think so. If you use binoculars, you can
don’t think I like them.
see the birds, even if they are far away.
M: The government wants to keep the environment
B : Great! I have a book about all the different types
clean by recycling paper, metal, and glass
of birds.
instead of throwing these things away.
G : It seems as if you really like bird watching.
W: But who wants to pay an extra 50 cents each
B : Yes, I do! Would you like to come with me
time you buy a cup of coffee? That’s a lot of
tomorrow?
money!
G : No, thank you. I think bird watching is boring.
M: 50 cents? It’s only five cents extra for a paper
B : That’s not true! Birds are very interesting. Some
cup.
birds have colorful feathers. Some birds sing
W: I thought it was 50 cents!
beautiful songs. Some birds make special nests
M: No, it’s only five cents. Don’t worry. And you
to lay eggs in.
can get your money back when you return the
G : Really? Maybe I will go bird watching one day
cup.
after all!
W: That’s fair. Well, maybe the government is right,
after all. I’ll return all the paper coffee cups I use
from now on.
M: Good! We all need to recycle. It helps to keep
the environment clean.

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Unit 5 Trees in the Forest
B : There are many forests in North America.
There are many trees in these forests. Some of
these trees are more than two hundred feet tall.
Some are over five hundred years old.
Several kinds of trees grow in these forests.
Fir, cedar, and pine are three. These trees grow in
different areas. Some grow in forests. Some grow
on the mountains. People who lived in this place
long ago used these trees to make things out of
wood.
Many of these trees are now in special areas.
These areas are called forest reserves or national
parks.
Some parks charge a small entrance fee.
Visitors must pay the fee to enter the parks.
Then they can walk among the beautiful old
trees. They must take care not to damage the
trees. We should all take care of forests.
Science and Technology
Unit 6 An Easy Way to Shop
G : Hey, Steve. Look at my new MP3 player!
B : Wow! It looks cool! Where did you buy it?
G : I bought it online at an electronics website.
B : I’m not very good at using a computer. Is it hard
to buy things online?
G : It’s really easy. All you do is go to the website,
and choose the item you want to look at. There
are so many items to choose from on the website!
After you choose what you want to buy, you
click on the “check out” button.
B : That does seem easy!
G : Yes, it is. It only takes about a week for your
item to come. Of course, if you are in a hurry,
you can pay more to get it sent faster.
B : Do you pay for the item when it comes?
G : No, you have to pay for it online with a credit
card.
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Unit 7 Cell Phone Messages
W: I need to check my messages.
M: How are you going to do that? We are in the
middle of the freeway!
W: I’m going to use my cell phone. Haven’t you
ever done that?
M: No. I just use my cell phone to talk to other
people.
W: Now you can also use a cell phone to send and
receive short text messages. It’s very useful.
M: How do you send a message that way?
W: I just use the keys on the phone to type a short
message. Then I press the “send” button. It’s
cheaper than making a phone call.
M: That’s a great idea! You can save both time and
money that way.
W: Right. All my friends usually send me text
messages now.
M: Thanks for telling me about this. I’ll have to try
it!
W: You’re welcome. I think you’ll find it useful.
Unit 8 Bubbles in Boiling Water
G: Where do the bubbles come from when you
boil water?
Water is a liquid. When it is heated, it moves
around faster and faster. When it starts to boil,
the liquid turns into a gas. This gas is called
water vapor. This gas is lighter than the water
around it. It rises to the top. Then it disappears
into the air.
As the water gets hotter and hotter, it starts
turning into gas very quickly. A lot of bubbles
form at the same time. All these bubbles try to
escape at once. The bubbles push the water out
of the way and “jump” out. This is what we call
“boiling water.”
More and more water turns into gas. More
of it disappears into the air. After a while, every
drop of the water will be gone. Try it and see!
Unit 9 The Blue Sky Art and Culture
B : Joe asked me something about science just now.
But I didn’t know the answer. Unit 11 Gold
G : I’m good at science. Ask me.
M: Gold has been a part of many cultures for
B : OK. Why is the sky blue?
hundreds of years. People made coins and jewelry
G : I’ll explain it in a simple way. Light comes
with gold.
through the air from the sun in waves.
Gold is a soft metal. It is easy to shape into
B : The light is in many colors, right?
sheets, long wires, or rings. People sometimes
G : Right. Blue light waves are smaller than air
mix gold with other metals. This makes the gold
molecules. They sometimes get absorbed by
harder. Then it can be made into beautiful jewelry.
these molecules.
Why do we value gold so much? It has a
B : OK. What happens then?
special color. No other metal is a bright yellow.
G : Then the blue light waves scatter in many
We also value gold because it is rare. A rare
directions. Your eyes see this blue light from
thing is hard to find. Even after hundreds of
above you, after it leaves the air molecules.
years, gold is still a precious metal now. It is still
B : So that is what makes the sky blue! What
valued for its beauty. It is still rare.
happens to the other colors?
Today, banks store gold in the form of bars.
G : They reflect off the things that they hit. Your
Its value is more than $600 per ounce. Gold is
shirt is red because our eyes see the red light
more useful now than ever before.
reflected from it.
B : Now I understand why the sky is blue!
Unit 12 The Summer Music Festival
Unit 10 A New Camera W: Have you heard about the music festival next
summer? I read that it is going to have about 20
M: I just bought a digital camera!
different bands playing in it.
W: What is wrong with your old camera?
M: I think I did hear someone talking about it. Are
M: Nothing. I bought this one because I want to
you planning on going?
store my pictures on my computer.
W: I’ll go if I can get tickets. I heard that people are
W: I see.
going to line up overnight to get tickets. I might
M: I can also delete pictures that are not very good.
line up overnight, too.
I don’t have to print them.
M: I don’t think I want to line up all night long!
W: I like to print all my photos. That’s why I like
W: Well, I’m going to do it. I think it is going to be
the old cameras.
a great music festival that I won’t want to miss.
M: Oh, you can print digital photos, too. Many
M: Maybe. Do you know how much the tickets are
shops will print them for you.
going to cost?
W: Really?
W: I’m not sure, but I think each ticket will be
M: Yes. You can even buy a good printer and do it
about $75.
from home.
M: That’s a lot of money! I don’t think I want to
W: That seems easy! How do you store these digital
spend that much on a ticket. Good luck, anyway!
pictures?
M: You can store the pictures on your computer.
But you might run out of space. I save all the
pictures I like on compact discs. You can store
more than seven hundred photos on one CD!
W: Great! Maybe I should get a digital camera, too.

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Unit 13 The School Play
B : Are you going to the school play on Saturday
night?
G : The school play? I didn’t know there was going
to be a play on Saturday night.
B : Yes, I heard about it in English class yesterday. I
think it will be really good.
G : Who told you about it?
B : Ms. Martin, our English teacher, told us all
about it. This is the drama club’s first play of the
year.
G : What is the play about? I hope it’s nothing boring.
B : Can you guess what it is?
G : Oh, come on, tell me please!
B : It’s The Sound of Music.
G : Really? I watched The Sound of Music on TV
last month! It’s very good! Are you sure?
B : Of course I’m sure, that’s what Ms. Martin said.
Would you like to watch the play with me on
Saturday night?
G : That would be great! Let’s go early so we get
good seats!
Unit 14 Ballet Class
W: Hi Cindy, where are you going?
G : Good afternoon, Mrs. White, I’m going to ballet
class.
W: Ballet class? I didn’t know you were studying
ballet. How long have you been studying ballet?
G : Today is my first day, and I don’t want to go.
My mom and dad want me to learn ballet. I’m
not sure I want to learn how to dance.
W: I used to learn ballet too, when I was your age.
Now I teach ballet in a dance school.
G : Oh, I didn’t know that! Where do you teach
your classes?
W: Down the street at Easy Steps Dance Academy.
Ballet is fun to learn, and it’s a very graceful
dance. You’ll need to learn the steps and practice
a lot of course, but I think you’ll enjoy it.
G : I hope so!
W: Well, go and have some fun dancing!
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Unit 15 Monet’s Garden
W: Claude Monet was a great artist. He was the
first of a group of artists called the
Impressionists. This group of artists thought
about how things in the world made them feel.
They tried to show this in their work. This way
of painting shows how light can change shapes
and colors.
Monet did a lot of his work outdoors. He
wanted to show how daylight made things look.
Many of his paintings are of gardens. He liked
to paint flowers and trees. He loved to paint in
his own garden. His garden was in a village. He
lived there for many years.
Today, many visitors come each year to this
garden. They come from all over the world.
Most of them are art lovers or artists. They
come to see the place that Monet loved so much.
Leisure and Entertainment
Unit 16 A Haunted House
G : Oh no, it’s raining! I wanted to go to the beach
today.
B : Well, I’m visiting a haunted house this afternoon.
You can come with me if you like.
G : A haunted house? What is it like?
B : It’s really dark, with lots of old furniture and
pictures on the walls. It’s called a haunted house
because it’s full of ghosts!
G : You’re joking, right? I don’t believe in ghosts!
Where is the haunted house?
B : The house is in the old forest.
G : Oh! Are you really sure you want to go?
B : What’s wrong? I thought you didn’t believe in
ghosts!
G : Well, I don’t really believe in ghosts, but . . .
B : That’s OK, I don’t believe in ghosts, either! I was
only joking. The old house isn’t really haunted;
it’s just a very old, empty house.
G : Whew, I’m glad to hear that! Sure, I’ll come
with you!
Unit 17 A Big Screen TV
M: I’m thinking about buying a big screen TV.
W: Wow! I’ve seen those in the store. They cost a lot
of money. Can you afford to buy one?
M: They do cost a lot of money. But I really enjoy
watching TV. I think it’s much more fun to
watch TV shows on a big screen.
W: I’ve never watched TV on a big screen. Do you
think the quality of the picture is good?
M: Yes, the quality is great. When you watch soccer
games, you feel like you are right there on the
field!
W: When you buy the TV, can I come over to your
house? Then, I can enjoy watching TV on the
big screen with you!
M: I have to save some money to buy the TV first.
It will be a few months before I can afford to
buy it!
Unit 18 He’s Famous!
B : Are you going to the new Tim Cross movie
tonight?
G : I don’t know. It looks kind of boring.
B : Really? I think it looks quite interesting. Besides,
Tim Cross is a famous actor.
G : He may be famous, but I don’t think he’s a very
good actor. He always acts in the same sort of
movie. He never does anything different.
B : Well, at least you think he’s good looking, right?
G : No, not really. He always looks so sleepy.
B : But most girls think he’s handsome. Maybe
that’s why he is so famous.
G : None of my friends think he is good looking at
all. I used to like him a few years ago, but now
I think he’s not handsome at all.
B : Hey! I just got a haircut to try to look more like
him!
G : Well, that explains why I don’t like your new
haircut!
Unit 19 A Housewarming Party
W: Hi, Steve! Thanks for coming to my housewarming
party.
M: Hello, Sue! Thanks for inviting me to see your
lovely new home. It’s beautiful!
W: Thank you. I’m glad you like it.
M: Did you decorate your house all by yourself?
W: Yes, I did. I traveled around Europe last year. I
got some beautiful furniture for my house
there.
M: Do you plan to go on a new trip this summer?
W: Yes, I am planning to visit China.
M: That’s great! How long will you be there?
W: I will be there for a month.
M: You can find some beautiful things in China for
your new house. You should go shopping while
you are there.
W: Of course! It will be fun to go shopping there. By
the way, please help yourself to the refreshments.
M: Thanks. The food looks delicious!
Unit 20 Making Music
M: Do you like to listen to music? Music is
made up of sound. People all over the world like
music. People have liked it for hundreds of
years.
People who write music are called composers.
Most of the time, a composer does not sing or
play his own music. He writes it all down in the
form of notes. Those who know how to read
music can understand these notes. This is how
people can sing the song or play it.
Lots of people like to play music. Music can
be played on instruments. There are many types
of musical instruments. Some of these are the
piano, the violin, and the drum.
People can make music as a group. A choir
is a group of people who sing. An orchestra is a
group of people who play musical instruments.
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School and Family Unit 23 Arts and Crafts Class
G : Hi, Mom, I’m back from arts and crafts class.
Unit 21 Where Is Your Homework? Look at what I’m wearing.
W: Well, you’re wearing a blue T-shirt and jeans.
G : Did you finish your homework for English
G : Sure, but what else am I wearing?
class?
W: Oh, those earrings are very pretty! Is that what
B : Homework? There wasn’t any homework.
you’re learning to make this week in arts and
G : We had to finish reading a book and then write
crafts class?
a 200-word essay on it.
G : Yes, we’re learning to make jewelry from beads
B : I don’t think Ms. Jones gave us any homework.
this week. The beads come in different colors
I always write what I have to do in my notebook.
and shapes. First, we decide what sort of jewelry
Did she really tell us to write an essay?
we want to make. Then, we choose the beads we
G : Yes. Look, here’s my essay. See?
want, and string them on transparent plastic
B : Oh no! What am I going to do? We’ve only got
wire.
10 minutes before class starts.
W: That sounds like a lot of fun!
G : I don’t know. Maybe Ms. Jones will let you
G : Yeah! Tom made a bead necklace for his sister,
hand it in tomorrow.
and I made some earrings. Guess what, Mom? I
B : Hey, let me copy your essay. I’ll change a few
made a pair of earrings for you, too!
words. Ms. Jones will never know.
W: Oh, these are very pretty! Thank you very much.
G : No, I’m sorry. That’s not the right thing to do.
G : Next week, I’m going to make a necklace.
B : Oh, come on! I thought you were my friend.
G : I am your friend. That’s why I’m not letting you
copy my work!
Unit 24 Grandfather’s Birthday
B : Hi, Mom! Guess what? We got our English test
Unit 22 After School Activities back today. I got the highest score in my class!
W: Oh, Billy, I’m glad you did so well! You worked
B : Will you play any sports this school year?
hard for that test.
G : I want to play hockey. But I’m not sure if I will
B : Thanks, Mom. I’m hungry. What’s for dinner?
have enough time.
W: We’re going to your aunt’s place for dinner
B : I’m on the school soccer team. I’m also going to
tonight. It’s your grandfather’s birthday today,
take up swimming.
remember?
G : You’re going to be on the soccer team and swim,
B : Oh no, I forgot! I haven’t got a birthday gift for
too?
Grandpa!
B : Yeah.
W: Don’t worry. I bought a gift for him yesterday
G : That seems like a lot. You will be very busy! Do
from the three of us. Anyway, your English test
you think you will have any free time?
score is a good gift for your grandfather. The
B : I will play soccer with my school team during
whole family will be at the party tonight. All
the week. I will go swimming during the weekend.
your aunts, uncles, and cousins are coming.
G : When will you have time to do your homework?
B : I haven’t seen the whole family in a long time.
And when will you study?
W: Well, you’ll see them tonight. Now, hurry up
B : I do my homework after school every day. I
and get ready.
study every weekend. My mother won’t let me
B : OK. When are we leaving?
play sports until I have done all my work.
W: When your father gets home from work.
G : Well, I hope you find enough time for both
schoolwork and sports. Good luck!

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Unit 25 The Lesson
W: There was once a man who lived with his
two sons. The two sons were always fighting
with each other. One day, the man decided to
teach his sons a lesson.
The man gave his younger son two large
sticks. He told the boy to break them. The boy
tried hard, but he could not break the sticks.
The older son also could not break the sticks.
At last, the man gave only one stick to each
son. He said, “Break them.” Each son broke his
stick easily.
The man said, “You are like these sticks. If
you work together, no one can break you. But if
you fight with each other all the time, one day,
someone will break both of you.”
After that lesson, the sons stopped fighting.
They started to work together.
People and Work
Unit 26 A Problem at the Office
M: I had a big problem at the office today!
W: What happened?
M: I could not use my computer all day!
W: Was it because of a virus?
M: Yes. I opened a file that had a virus.
W: Oh no! You must be careful when you open files
in your email. A virus can make your whole
computer crash.
M: It was an accident! I didn’t know the file had a
virus. I’ll be more careful next time.
W: What did you do next?
M: I asked a computer repairman to come to the
office. He worked all day to repair my computer.
But the real problem is that I may have lost
some of my work.
W: Don’t worry. Your work is probably still on
your computer. I can help you get it back. Next
time, make sure you have back-up files. Just in
case it happens again!
Unit 27 My Future Job
G : What do you want to be when you grow up,
Mark?
B : I want to be a teacher. I think I would like to
help children learn.
G : Well, you know, teachers work very hard, and
they are not paid much money.
B : I don’t care about money. Teaching is an important
job.
G : What subject do you want to teach?
B : I want to teach mathematics, like Ms. Kim. She
makes learning fun. I didn’t know that I would
like math so much until I joined her class. Now,
mathematics is my favorite subject.
G : If you want to teach math, you’ll have to work
hard and learn it well.
B : No problem! I got an A on the mathematics
examination last week. With good teachers like
Ms. Kim, learning is easy.
G : I want to be a teacher, too. But I want to teach
English, not math!
Unit 28 Shopping
W: We are having a summer sale. Everything is
50% off the normal price.
M: Really? Everything?
W: Yes. Everything is on sale, including sunglasses,
hats, and bags. All the summer clothes are on
sale, too.
M: I do need some new sunglasses. I lost mine when
I went to the beach this summer. Oh, these are
really nice. What is the price of these? There is
no price tag on them.
W: Well, sir, there’s no price tag on those sunglasses
because they are mine!
M: Really? I would like to get a pair of sunglasses
just like these. Where did you get them?
W: Actually, I got them for $15 at Super Glasses.
M: There is a Super Glasses store in this mall, isn’t
there?
W: Yes, but let me show you the sunglasses we have
on sale.
M: No, thanks. I think I’ll just go to Super Glasses!
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Unit 29 A Part-time Job Sports and Health
B : I want to find a part-time job. Do you have any
ideas about where I should look for work? Unit 31 The Marathon
W: Have you looked in the newspaper? There are
W: Did you watch the Boston marathon?
lots of job advertisements in the newspaper.
M: Yes, I went to Boston to see it.
B : Yes, I have. But there were no jobs I was interested
W: You were in Boston for the marathon?
in.
M: That’s right. My friend is a runner, so I went
W: Did you search on the Internet? Many companies
there to watch her run. We traveled to Boston
put job advertisements on the Internet.
together.
B : No, I haven’t looked on the Internet. I don’t
W: You are so lucky! Which part of the marathon
know what I should search for.
did you see?
W: There are many websites that have job postings
M: I watched the entire race, from start to finish.
that you could look at. You could also search
W: I don’t know how the runners can finish the
for the type of job you are interested in.
whole race! It’s so long and difficult! I could
B : OK. Thanks for telling me what I need to do. I’ll
never do something like that.
start my Internet search right now.
M: I tried to run a marathon once. It was really
W: I have a list of some websites. You could start
difficult. I just can’t run like my friend can.
looking at those first. That might save you some
W: Yes, running a marathon is not an easy thing to
time.
do. By the way, how did your friend do in the
B : That would be very useful. Thanks!
race?
M: She did quite well! She was not the fastest runner,
but she was in the top 50.
Unit 30 Teamwork
G: When people work together as a team, they
can achieve a lot. You can easily get things done Unit 32 Racquetball
when you share the work.
B : Racquetball is a popular sport. It was first
We practice teamwork in my family. Both
played in the US. This game started just a little
my parents have jobs. My father is a doctor. My
more than 50 years ago. That makes it quite a
mother is a teacher. Both of them work long
new sport.
hours all week. My brother is a student at college.
Other racket sports like tennis and squash
I am a student in school. We all have very busy
have been played for a long time. Racquetball
lives. So, when it comes to household chores, we
rules are a mix of rules from both handball and
all work together to get them done.
squash. A short racket is used to play this game.
Each of us has different chores. My parents
This game became popular almost at once
take turns to cook. My father takes out the
when it first came out. More and more people
trash. My mother does the laundry. My brother
wanted to play it. Clubs began to build racquetball
washes the dishes. I sweep the floor. We share
courts. They built these courts for players of this
the chores and work together. Everything gets
new sport.
done fast.
People of all ages can play this game. But
People should practice working as a team.
most players today are young people. Most of
Teamwork works!
them are between the ages of 12 and 34.
Racquetball is now a famous sport. It is played
all over the world.

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Unit 33 Summer Sports
B : Hi, Alice. What have you been doing? You look
tired.
G : I stayed up late last night to watch the
Olympics. We won a gold medal for men’s
basketball. We also won the silver medal for
women’s tennis.
B : That’s great! What about gymnastics?
G : The men’s team didn’t do so well. But the
women’s team won the silver medal.
B : I haven’t had much time to watch, but I saw the
opening ceremony.
G : What have you been doing this summer?
B : I’ve been playing baseball and taking swimming
lessons.
G : I like to watch baseball. Maybe I can come and
watch your team play some time. When do you
usually play?
B : We have a game this weekend. Why don’t you
come and watch us play in the park?
G : Sure! Just let me know what time the game
starts. See you later.
B : Bye!
Unit 34 Inline Skating
B : Oh! My legs are so sore!
G : Really? What did you do during the weekend?
B : I went inline skating with my friends at the park.
G : Did you have fun?
B : Yes, I did. But it was also my first time, so it was
really difficult. I was scared that I would fall
down. After a short time, my muscles were really
tired.
G : Next time will be easier. You just need more
practice.
B : What about you? What did you do during the
weekend?
G : Actually, I also went inline skating. I go every
weekend with my father. We usually skate about
20 kilometers each time.
B : Wow! How can you skate so far? Your muscles
must be really strong.
G : I’ve been skating for three years now. You could
skate that far, too. You just need to build up
your muscles. Let’s go skating together next
weekend.
B : OK!
Unit 35 The Olympics
W: The Olympic Games are a famous world
sports event. These games are held once in four
years. There are summer games and winter
games.
People come from countries all over the
world to compete in the games. These games
started a long time ago in Greece. In those days,
only men took part in them. There were only a
few sports events.
Now, women take part in the Olympic
Games, too. There are team sports, like basketball.
There are martial arts, like judo. More and more
types of sports are in the games each time they
are held.
It is very hard to win a medal at these
games. Only world champions take part in the
Olympics. Those who compete must work hard
for years. Their bodies must be very fit. They
must be the best to win medals in these games.
Travel and Transport
Unit 36 A Bicycle Trip
M: I’m planning to go on a bicycle trip around
Europe.
W: Why do you want to go on a bicycle trip?
M: It is an environmentally friendly way to travel.
W: What do you have to do in order to go on a
bicycle trip?
M: Before the trip, I’ll need to ride my bicycle a lot.
That will make me fit and strong. I also need to
get some equipment.
W: What kind of equipment will you need?
M: I need road maps of the countries I am going
to visit. I also need strong bags to carry clothes
and food. I need to carry all these things on my
bicycle.
W: Are you traveling with another person?
M: Yes, I am going with a friend of mine. He likes
bicycle trips.
W: I wish I could go on a bicycle trip, too! Well,
don’t get too many flat tires!
9
Unit 37 Driving Down South
B : Isn’t it great that there aren’t any classes on
Monday? We have a three-day weekend!
G : That’s right! Do you have any special plans?
B : My family is taking a trip to Las Cruces. I’m
really looking forward to it. Have you ever been
there?
G : No, but I’ve heard about it. Is it nice?
B : Yes, there are so many things to see. The city is
famous for its nuts.
G : What kind of nuts?
B : Pecans. There are many pecan trees growing in
and around the city.
G : I like pecans. How far away is Las Cruces from
here?
B : It only takes about four hours by car if you use
the freeway and drive directly south.
G : That certainly makes for an easy trip. When are
you leaving?
B : We’re going on Saturday morning. We’ll be back
on Monday evening.
G : Have a nice time! Bring me some pecans!
Unit 38 The Travel Agent
W: I want to go on a trip to China.
M: How long do you want to stay?
W: Four or five days.
M: We have a very good package tour that is for
four days and three nights.
W: OK. What can you tell me about it?
M: Well, you’ll fly directly to Beijing. Your tour
guide will meet you at the airport and take you
to your hotel. Over the four days, you will do
a lot of sightseeing. You will see many famous
landmarks, like the Summer Palace, the Forbidden
City, and the Great Wall of China.
W: That sounds great! What sort of transport will
we use to get from one place to another?
M: You will take a bus with your tour group.
W: OK. Can I book this package tour now? There
will be five of us going on this trip.
M: Sure!
10
Unit 39 Taking the Train
M: You’re so lucky, Marian. You’re leaving for
Hawaii in five hours! I never travel because I
hate flying in airplanes. I don’t like buses, either.
W: That doesn’t matter, Dean. There are other ways
to get around. You should take the train
somewhere.
M: That’s true. It’s been a long time since I last
traveled. I’ve always wanted to take a long train
trip.
W: What’s stopping you? Go to the travel agent
now and ask about train trips!
M: What do you think the fares are like?
W: I’m not sure what train fares are like now. I
think it depends on your destination. That’s a
question you’ll have to ask a travel agent.
M: Can you suggest a good person to talk to?
W: My travel agent is always very helpful. Here is
his phone number.
M: Thanks! I’ll call him right now. Where’s the
phone?
Unit 40 Go on a Cruise!
M: Are you sick of long road trips in a car? Do
you find long trips in an airplane boring? Do
you want to travel in a special way? You should
take a cruise to all the places you would like to
see!
Go by cruise ship to the northeast part of the
US! Go late in the year. Then, you can enjoy the
colors of the autumn leaves on the trees. It is a
beautiful sight.
Do you like to look at man-made wonders?
Go on a cruise to the Panama Canal! Do you
want to see icebergs? Do you want to look at
seals and whales? Go on a cruise to Alaska!
Wherever you may choose to go, a cruise is
a great way to travel. Book a trip on a cruise
ship today! You will love it!
Nature and the Environment
Unit 1 Antarctica
B : Antarctica is another name for the South Pole.
It is also a continent. A long time ago, the South
Pole was close to the equator. That was 500
million years ago. It was once joined to Australia.
Then, all the land on Earth started to move.
Antarctica moved away from Australia and went
south.
Dinosaur bones were once found at the South
Pole. Do you know why? Dinosaurs lived there
millions of years ago. This was before it moved
away from the equator.
About 98% of this continent is frozen. The
rest is made up of rock. The South Pole has 87%
of the world’s ice. But did you know that it gets
very little snow? Only about two inches of snow
falls each year.
How many people live on your continent? No
one lives in the South Pole. Only animals, like
penguins, live there. Scientists and tourists visit
there, but they don’t stay long. Do you want to
visit Antarctica? It is the coldest, driest place on
Earth!
Unit 2 A Hiking Trip
M: Hi, Anne! Did you sign up for the trip on Saturday?
W: What trip is that? I didn’t know there was a trip
on Saturday.
M: The hiking club is going to Bear Mountain. The bus
drops us off at the bottom, and we’re going to hike
until we get to a cabin halfway up the mountain.
W: That sounds really great! Where can I sign up?
M: Go and see Jennifer. She’ll help you sign up.
W: What activity will we do when we get to the
cabin on the mountain?
M: Well, it takes seven hours to hike to the cabin, so
it will be late by the time we arrive. After we
unpack, we’ll start a campfire. Then we can sing,
eat, and tell stories around the fire. The following
day we’ll leave at dawn and hike to the top of the
mountain. After we take pictures, we’ll hike back
down. If we have time, we might go swimming
in the lake on the mountain!
W: Those sound like really fun activities, and I can’t
wait to go!
Unit 3 Save the Turtles
M: Have you heard about the plan to save turtles in
Mexico?
W: No. What is the story?
M: Turtles are in danger of becoming extinct
around the world. Every year, thousands of turtles
lay eggs on the beach. After the turtles lay their
eggs in the sand, people come along and take
them.
W: I suppose the people like eating turtle eggs.
M: Exactly. Turtles are beginning to stay away from
certain places, now. There are fewer and fewer
of them left. There is a new project in Mexico to
save these eggs. Then turtles will not become
extinct. I think it’s a very good project.
W: Is there anything we can do to help?
M: I’m going to call the Environmental Protection
hotline. They might have some information about
the project to help save turtles in Mexico.
W: They might even have a brochure. Let’s find the
website on my computer. Oh, here it is. The
address is www.enviro.com. There’s plenty of
information here.
M: Great! Let’s see what we can do to help save turtles
in Mexico.
Unit 4 Hiking in Iran
G : Most people think that the Middle East is
only a desert. This is far from true. Last year, I
went hiking in Iran. Iran has many mountains.
You can find trees that lose their leaves in winter.
If you’re lucky, you may see a yellow deer or
a brown bear, two species that live there. The air
is fresh, and you can swim in clear, clean lakes.
I definitely recommend it.
There are so many birds to see. It is fun to go
into the forest with binoculars to look at birds.
Seeing the birds through binoculars makes them
seem much nearer than they actually are. You can
write down all of the species that you see. You
should learn about their calls first. That means
the sounds that each bird makes. Sometimes it’s
hard to see the birds. However, you can identify
them if you happen to hear them.
I want to go back to Iran again someday. It’s
so beautiful that I want to see and explore much
more of it!
2
Unit 5 Jane Goodall
G : Jane Goodall went to Africa when she was 26
years old. She went there to research chimpanzees.
At that time, no other women scientists worked
there alone.
At first, Jane studied the chimps from far
away. The chimps were afraid of her. They ran
away if she came close to them. After some time,
the chimps saw that she was not going to hurt
them. They let her walk near them.
Soon, she was living among them. She wanted
to learn more and more about them. Jane did a
lot of research on chimps. She discovered many
new things about them. She learned that each
chimp has its own personality. She saw that they
have feelings.
Jane discovered that chimps have very close
families. Mothers and fathers take good care
of baby chimps. An adult female chimp will
sometimes adopt an orphan.
In 1977, Jane started an institute to help
protect animals. She wanted to help animals all
around the world. Today, this institute runs
programs in over 70 countries.
Science and Technology
Unit 6 Flying Cars
M: Listen to this! This newspaper article says that
some scientists are working on a new kind of
airplane. People can use these “flying cars” for
short trips.
W: How interesting!
M: The article says the first flying car might be
ready within the next few years.
W: That’s quite soon! How would this flying car
work? Can anybody use one, or is it only for
people who know how to fly airplanes?
M: You don’t need to be an airplane pilot to use a
flying car. The article says there would be a
computer inside the car that would know where
you want to go. The driver does not need to
control the car unless something goes wrong.
W: Does the article say how much a flying car would
cost? It will probably cost too much money! We
would not be able to afford one.
M: True, but wouldn’t it be nice to fly over traffic
jams, instead of sitting in the middle of them?
W: Yes. But then we might end up with traffic jams
in the sky!
Unit 7 The Perfect Gift
W: Hello, and welcome to Robuck’s. How may I
help you?
M: I would like to buy my wife a home appliance
for her birthday.
W: What sort of appliance are you looking for, sir?
M: I think a dishwasher might be the perfect gift
because it will help with the housework.
W: Oh yes, dishwashers are very useful. This one
here is our most popular model.
M: How does it work?
W: It’s very simple. First, collect your dirty dishes
and scrape off the leftover food into the garbage
can. Then, rinse the dishes in the sink. Put glasses,
cups, and cutlery on the top rack. Plates, bowls,
and pots go face down on the bottom rack. Then,
fill this compartment with detergent and close the
door. Next, choose the wash cycle, and finally,
press the start button. You’ll have sparkling clean
dishes in 45 minutes!
M: That sounds easy to use. I think my wife will
really like it. How much does it cost?
W: You’re lucky, sir! It’s on sale this week for $400.
M: Great, I’ll take it!
Unit 8 Acupuncture
B : Acupuncture began in China thousands of
years ago. It is a special way to treat sick people.
There are many acupuncture spots on the
human body. Small metal needles are put into
spots on the body. Each spot is connected to a
special body part or system. There are many
spots for each part.
An expert puts the needles into these spots in
a person’s body. These spots connect to the body
system that has a problem. The needles do not
go deep. People say that the needles do not hurt.
We are not sure why acupuncture works.
But studies have shown that it works very well.
No one can explain why. Doctors think that it
helps the nerves in the body. Some doctors use
acupuncture to treat people who cannot take
medicine.
3
Transcripts
People in Asia have been using this special
method for a long time. At first, people outside
Asia did not trust this method. They did not
think that it would help them. Now, it has
become very popular around the world.
Unit 9 Albert Einstein
B : Albert Einstein is famous around the world.
He is famous for his work in science. Many
people think that he was the greatest scientist of
the 20th century.
Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. His
interest in science began when he was very
young. Someone gave him a compass in 1884.
Young Einstein was interested in how it worked.
He wanted to learn science. He wanted to
become a scientist.
Einstein tried to enter a top Swiss university.
At first, he met with failure. He did not get a
place. But Einstein did not give up easily. He
applied again to the same university in the next
year. This time he was successful. Einstein was a
good student. He graduated from this famous
university in 1896.
As a scientist, Einstein did important work
in the field of physics. His work was very good.
He received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1921.
In 1933, he went to live in the United States with
his wife.
Unit 10 The Telescope
G : Come and look at the telescope I got for my
birthday.
B : That’s neat!
G : Yeah, now we can look at the moon. Did you
know that the moon is the Earth’s only natural
satellite?
B : No, I didn’t know that. I thought the moon was
a planet.
G : Well, a planet moves around the sun, but a satellite
moves around a planet.
B : Oh, I see. Can you see other planets with your
telescope?
G : Sure, I can see two planets close to Earth really
well.
B : Which planet is closest to Earth?
G : Mars is the closest planet to Earth. Many scientists
believe that Mars once had rivers and oceans just
like Earth. Mars has two moons.
B : That’s cool! What is the other planet near Earth?
G : The other planet near Earth is Venus, but Venus
has no moons.
B : Do you think people will ever be able to visit
Mars or Venus?
G : Maybe someday people will be able to visit Mars,
but not Venus because it’s too hot.
B : Well, at least we can see them with your new
telescope!
Art and Culture
Unit 11 The Mona Lisa
G : What are you looking at, Billy?
B : This is a copy of my favorite painting. It’s the
Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci.
G : Why is that your favorite painting?
B : Well, there are a few things that make the Mona
Lisa great. First, she has no eyebrows. Second,
she has a really beautiful smile. Most of all, I
like the soft colors of the painting. Have you
seen the Mona Lisa before? It is a very famous
painting!
G : Of course! I’ve seen the painting a few times
before. But I never noticed that her eyebrows are
missing. I wonder why she has no eyebrows. Do
you know why?
B : At the time da Vinci painted it, it was fashionable
for young Italian girls to shave off their eyebrows.
Every girl wanted to be fashionable.
G : Wow! That’s really interesting! In what year was
the Mona Lisa painted?
B : I think it was painted sometime between 1503
and 1505.
G : I wonder what a modern Mona Lisa would look
like.
B : She might have purple hair!
Unit 12 Bang Yi
G : Once upon a time, there was a poor, kind
man named Bang Yi. He had a rich but greedy
brother. One day, Bang Yi asked his brother to
give him some grain seeds to grow. His greedy
brother gave Bang Yi some poisoned seeds.
Only one plant grew from the poisoned
seeds, but Bang Yi was very happy. He took
good care of the plant. Then, one afternoon, a
bird came and stole the plant. Bang Yi chased the
bird into the forest. In the forest, he saw two
monsters using a magic stick to turn rocks into
food. Bang Yi hid behind a big rock and
watched the monsters. The monsters ate a lot of
food. Soon, they became very sleepy. When the
monsters had fallen asleep, Bang Yi took their
magic stick. He became very rich!
Bang Yi’s greedy brother went to the forest
to find a magic stick for himself. The angry
monsters saw him. They chased him deep into
the forest. The greedy brother was never seen
again.
Unit 13 Friendship Day
W: Friends are an important part of our lives.
They help us in many ways. Do you tell your
friends that you are glad they are your friends?
Everyone should tell their friends that they are
special.
Did you know that there is now a special day
just for friends? This day is called National
Friendship Day. The first Sunday in August was
chosen to be National Friendship Day in 1935.
This holiday is not as big as Christmas or New
Year’s Day. However, it is still a special day.
People are usually too busy to visit their
friends often. But this day is different. On this
day, people take time to tell their friends how
much they care. They write cards or send emails
to their friends. They may also call their friends,
no matter how busy they are. People hug their
friends or spend time with them.
There are many ways to show you care. You
need not wait for a special day. Call your friends
right now!
Unit 14 An Outdoor Exhibit
M: Do you like photographs?
W: What kind of photos?
M: Photos of plants and animals, for example. Or
mountains and oceans.
W: The sort of photographs a nature magazine
would publish.
M: That’s right.
W: Of course! I love nature photos. They are very
beautiful.
M: Some of them are very colorful.
W: Yes. Most nature photos are so interesting.
Sometimes, I buy nature magazines just for the
photos.
M: Me, too. I like taking nature photos with my
camera. But they are not very good.
W: My photos are not good, either. Famous nature
magazines only publish very good photos.
M: That’s true. People must be very talented to get
their photos published.
W: Yeah. Why are we suddenly talking about
photographs? Is there an exhibit somewhere?
M: How did you guess? There is an outdoor exhibit
going on right now.
W: Really?
M: Yes. Nature photographs from all over the world
are on display.
W: That sounds great! I would love to see it.
M: Me, too. Would you like to go with me?
W: Sure. How about Sunday morning?
M: OK! It will be fun to see all those photos!
Unit 15 People Are Different!
W: There are more than six billion human
beings in the world. Each one is different from
all the others. No two people look exactly alike.
People from one country may look the same in
general. But they are not totally alike.
Most people in Vietnam have straight black
hair and black eyes. But they all look different.
People in America have straight hair, curly hair,
or wavy hair. Their hair may be black, brown,
yellow, or red. Some people have brown or gray
eyes. Some have blue or green eyes. Even people
in the same family look different from each
other!
5
Transcripts
We all think differently. We all like different
things. We like different kinds of food and
different kinds of music. We also like different
styles of clothing.
Wherever you are, you are different from
everyone else. Nobody else looks just like you.
Nobody has your thoughts or your talents.
There are more than six billion people on Earth,
but none of them are exactly like you. You are
one of a kind!
Leisure and Entertainment
Unit 16 Karaoke
M: It’s nice to see you, Karen. How have you been?
W: I’ve been very well, thank you. How are you,
Dan?
M: I’m fine, thanks. I went to the movies Saturday
night. I wanted to invite you, but you weren’t
home.
W: That’s right, I went karaoke singing with some
friends on Saturday night.
M: Really? I’ve never sung karaoke. What’s it like?
W: I had never gone karaoke singing before
either, but I had a great time. My friends were
experienced karaoke singers, so they showed me
what to do.
M: Did you have to sing in front of a lot of strangers?
W: No, the place we went to rented out small
private rooms. Nobody else could hear us. They
even gave us free sodas!
M: Cool! What kind of music did they have?
W: They had hundreds of different songs to choose
from. They had both new songs and old songs.
They had songs in English and songs in several
other languages, too. It was really fun!
M: I think I’ll go karaoke singing next weekend!
Unit 17 Watching TV
W: Did you watch the latest episode of that new
reality show last night?
M: There are so many of those reality shows these
days. Which one are you talking about?
W: It’s called “Good Fences,” and it’s all about
neighbors. This reality show is the only one I
like, because you’re right, the others are just
silly.
M: I never watch reality shows at all. I prefer to
watch shows that teach me about something,
like science and nature programs, and travel
shows.
W: Oh, I like travel shows, too. My favorite travel
show is the one with that chef from England.
He travels, cooks, and eats all the time!
M: I like that one, too. He really makes me laugh.
He has a good sense of humor.
W: Let’s watch it together this week. It’s on Thursday
at eight o’clock, right?
M: That’s right, but where shall we watch it?
W: Well, I have a big-screen TV and a comfortable
sofa.
M: OK, we’ll watch it at your place then, and I’ll
bring some snacks. See you then!
Unit 18 Have Some Fun!
W: OK, great, we’ll meet you in an hour. Bye.
M: Who was that on the phone, Jane?
W: That was Amy. She wants to meet us in front of
her apartment building in an hour.
M: Why are we meeting her there?
W: Because her apartment is close to the bus stop.
We’re going to go downtown and watch a movie,
so hurry up and get ready.
M: Oh, I honestly don’t think I should watch a
movie tonight. I’m studying for an important
test on Tuesday, so I really don’t have time to
have fun!
W: You have been studying for several days, Joe.
You don’t need to study anymore. You need to
have some fun because you’re too tired to study,
anyway.
M: I don’t know, maybe you’re right. Is it just Amy
and us going?
W: Lily is coming along, too.
M: Really? I need time to take a shower and get
dressed!
W: Don’t worry, you have time.
M: It will be fun to see Lily and fun to watch a
movie together.
W: I told you so!
6
Unit 19 Tickets to the Game
W: You won’t believe this, but I have some great
news! I’ve got two tickets to the baseball game
next Saturday.
M: Did I hear you correctly? You have two tickets
to the baseball game? How did you get those? I
thought it was impossible to get tickets because
they were all sold out last month!
W: It was easy, actually. My colleague and her
husband have to go to London that week, so
they’ll miss the game. They offered me their
tickets, and of course I was happy to accept.
M: You’re so lucky! Who are you going to take with
you?
W: I was thinking that maybe you would like to go.
Otherwise, I might take my brother instead.
M: Don’t do that, I would love to watch the game
with you!
W: I was just joking. I know you really want to go.
Where shall we meet on Saturday?
M: Well, the game starts at nine o’clock in the
morning, right?
W: Yes, shall we meet here at 8:30 a.m. on Saturday?
M: Good idea. I can’t wait!
Unit 20 Wonder Woman
B : Comic book heroes have been popular for many
years. One hero has the strength of one hundred
men. This hero also has the speed of lightning. This
hero cannot be killed. If you think this hero is
Superman, you are wrong! This hero is Wonder
Woman!
A man called William Marston created Wonder
Woman in 1941. He was a graduate of Harvard
University. He used a false name on his comics. He
did not want his colleagues to know that he wrote
comics. The false name was Charles Moulton.
Mr. Marston wanted to make a strong female
hero for little girls. Of course, he hoped that
little boys would like Wonder Woman, too. Wonder
Woman was not very popular at first. Then, World
War II began in 1941.
Wonder Woman became a role model for
children around the world. She was both strong and
beautiful. She always tried to do what was right.
Today, she is still one of the most popular heroes
of all time.
School and Family
Unit 21 Blood Types
G : Thanks for meeting with me today, Professor. I
don’t understand last week’s lecture on blood
types. Could you please explain it to me?
M: No problem, Angela. First, let’s see what you do
understand. Can you tell me about blood types?
G : There are four types of blood: A, B, AB, and O.
M: Good! How is your blood type determined?
G : You get your blood type from both your parents.
Your blood type is a combination of genes from
your father and your mother.
M: That’s right.
G : Before the lecture, I always thought that all
blood was the same. Why can’t two different
blood types mix?
M: In some ways, every person’s blood is the same.
But it is very dangerous to mix two different
blood types. Your blood cells may begin to stick
together. If you are given the wrong type of
blood in a hospital, you could die.
G : I see. So, that’s why blood types must be matched
in the hospital. And this must be done before
blood is given to anyone.
M: Exactly!
Unit 22 The Car Ride
B : Mom, Danielle’s on my side of the car again.
Tell her to move over!
W: Listen, both of you, I’ve had enough of your
nonsense. Sit still, be quiet, and enjoy the scenery!
G : Mom, is Toronto still far away?
W: It’s going to take a long time to get there, so read
your book.
G : I don’t like to read in the car because it gives me
a headache. Can we put a CD in?
W: I suppose so, but it had better not be rap music.
That music is awful, and I can’t believe you
children actually listen to it.
B : Oh, please, can we play some rap music? You
might like it, Mom.
W: Well, only if you promise that there is no bad
language in it.
B : There isn’t any bad language, I promise!
W: All right, I’ll play the CD, but it will be at the
volume I choose.
B : Thanks, Mom.
W: Have I ever told you about the songs I liked at
your age? People listened to real music in those
days.
G : Oh, Mom! Rap is real music, too!
Unit 23 The Report
B : I finished my report on the French Revolution
last night.
G : How did you finish it so fast? I’m still trying to
find books about it.
B : There was something about the French Revolution
on TV last week. I wrote down the names of all
the people who were on the show.
G : What did you do next?
B : I went to the library and looked for their books.
It was very easy, especially because I already
understood what they wanted to say.
G : I guess I could have done that, but I missed the
TV show. Why did Ms. Dessard make us write
about French history, anyway? She’s a French
language teacher, not a history teacher.
B : Ms. Dessard said that if we want to understand
the language, we should understand the culture.
I don’t know if I speak better French, but I know
more about French history now. If the French
Revolution had never happened, French would
be a very different language.
G : You’re right. I’m going to talk to Ms. Dessard
now. I’ll see you later.
Unit 24 Home Schools
M: There are many kinds of schools for many
kinds of students. One kind of school is the home
school. Home schools are exactly that-schools at
home.
Parents choose to home school their children
for many reasons. Some people feel that public
schools are too dangerous. Some people think that
the level of education is too low. Some parents do
not approve of the subjects their children learn in
public schools. If parents choose to home school
their children, they must be ready to teach them
well.
There are many benefits to home schooling.
Home schools are very small. There are just one
or two students. The student’s mother or father
is the teacher. Another benefit is that students
can study interesting things.
Some people think that home schooling is not
good for students. They believe public schools
teach children discipline. They feel that public
schools give a sense of community. In the end,
parents must decide if home schooling is the right
choice for their children.
Unit 25 Big Brother
G : So, how does it feel to have a new baby brother
in the house?
B : It’s really exciting, but not as easy as I thought it
would be, because the baby cries constantly. I
love my baby brother, but I don’t like all that
noise!
G : I know! When my baby sister was born, she
cried and slept all the time. I had to help change
diapers and feed her.
B : I hope I never have to change a diaper! My mom
and dad do a good job of that. I learned how to
heat the bottle to the right temperature, though.
Having a new baby around is hard work.
G : What do you like most about your new brother?
B : He’s really cute, and everyone says he looks like
me, but with darker hair.
G : Smaller too, of course!
B : He laughs when I tickle his little feet. When he
grows up a bit, I’ll teach him how to ride a bicycle,
and we can also play games together! I’m going
to be the best big brother in the world!
People and Work
Unit 26 The New Boss
M: You know, Kim, I think our new boss doesn’t
like me. I don’t understand why.
W: That’s not true, Trevor! Why, just this morning
I heard her say you’re a very good employee.
She said you work very hard every day.
M: That’s news to me. I wish she would say it to me,
but she just criticizes everything I do.
W: I think that you’re being too sensitive.
8
M: Do you really think so? Maybe I just need a
vacation. I haven’t had one for years.
W: It’s not good to work so hard, Trevor. I think a
vacation is a great idea.
M: How about you? Are you happy at work these
days?
W: Yes, I’m really enjoying working for this new
boss. That’s why I’m surprised that you think
she criticizes your work. Actually, I think she is
helping you to improve your work. She’s just
trying to help.
M: I didn’t realize that. Now that I think about it,
you’re right. I feel much better.
W: Good! Let’s go for lunch!
Unit 27 The Principal
W: How long have you been a school principal, Mr.
Shin?
M: I have been a school principal for 18 years.
W: What made you get involved in education?
M: When I was 12 years old, I read an article about
how the human brain works. I studied very
hard. I tried to use my brain well. Soon, I began
to get interested in education.
W: I see!
M: After college, I became a teacher. I was given the
position of principal 12 years later.
W: Do you ever wish that you had done something
else?
M: When I first started as a principal, I missed being
a teacher. I liked spending time with children
and helping them learn and grow. However, I
knew that I could do a lot of good as a principal.
W: You have certainly done a lot of good, Mr. Shin!
You started a special program to send all the
students in your school to college!
M: I have been planning to do that for some time.
I’m glad the program is so successful.
Unit 28 Bill Gates
M: Look at this article I am reading. It says here
that Microsoft made over $36 billion in 2004.
W: Wow!
M: I wish I was Bill Gates, the owner of Microsoft!
W: Is it just because of the money?
M: Of course! You can donate a lot of money to
help other people. Bill Gates donates millions to
charity every year. He also employs about
55,000 people in 85 different countries.
W: I heard that he got interested in computers when
he was really young.
M: That’s right. He started programming computers
when he was 13 years old.
W: Really?
M: Yes. Then he studied computers at Harvard
University.
W: He was a Harvard graduate? This shows how
important education is to success.
M: Actually, Bill Gates decided to drop out of
Harvard. He was an excellent student. But he
did not want to graduate.
W: Why not?
M: He had a dream. He dreamed that computers
would be in every home and office in the world.
W: I see! He decided to follow his dream.
M: Yes. He made the right decision!
Unit 29 Mark Twain
G : Here is a story that Mark Twain, the famous
author of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of
Huckleberry Finn, told one afternoon.
Years ago, I was on a train leaving New York.
There were too many people, and the sleeper
train was full. I asked the young man at the ticket
office if I could have a room in the sleeper section
of the train. He answered rudely, “No!”
I left feeling quite angry. As I was getting on the
train, I saw a man watching me. He watched me
for a few minutes. Then he spoke to the conductor
in a whisper. Immediately the conductor came
over to me.
“Can I help you?” he asked. “Do you want
a place in the sleeper section?”
“Yes, give me anything.”
“We have two beds and chairs in a private
section.”
The conductor made sure I was comfortable.
Then he said, “I’m so proud to have you on
this train, sir.”
“Oh? Who am I?” I asked.
“General McClellan.”
9
Transcripts
Unit 30 A Soccer Star
B : Soccer is a very popular team sport worldwide.
Many people love to watch it. Hong Myung-bo is
a famous soccer player. He started playing soccer
in 1990. He played for the Pohang Steelers for
six years. Then he played for the Los Angeles
Galaxy. He was the first Korean to play for a
major league soccer team in the United States.
Now, he is a coach for the South Korean soccer
team.
Hong is famous because he played soccer
well. He played in more than 125 international
games. He also played in four World Cups. He
played in the World Cup in 1990, 1994, 1998,
and 2002.
Hong won two soccer awards in 2002. His
team won the award for the Most Entertaining
Team in the World Cup. People thought it was
fun to watch Hong’s team play soccer! Hong
also won the Adidas Bronze Ball Award. This
award was for his outstanding performance in
the game. Even though Hong did not play in the
final game, he played well.
Sports and Health
Unit 31 Keeping Fit
W: We all need regular exercise to keep fit. But
if we study all day, we don’t have time to run,
swim, lift weights, or play basketball. What can
we do to stay in shape?
One thing we could do is walk more often.
Walking is good exercise. Instead of going to
school by car or bus, we could walk. During
recess, we could go outside and stroll around
before we go back to class. Instead of taking the
elevator in buildings all the time, we could use
the stairs.
Another important thing is to take breaks
from studying. If we sit at our desks or in front of a
computer for a long time, we should stand up
and stretch our arms and legs once each hour. If
we stand for a long time, we should sit down
and stretch our backs.
These are just a few ways we can stay fit
when we don’t have a lot of time to exercise.
Do you know some other ways?
Unit 32 Stop Yawning!
W: Stop yawning, Jason!
B : I’m sorry, Ms. Terry. I can’t help it!
W: You can! You yawn because your lungs need
more oxygen. When you need more oxygen, you
open your mouth wide and take in a lot of air.
B : What can I do to stop yawning?
W: You should go outside into the fresh air and
breathe deeply. Then you won’t need to yawn
anymore. Your lungs will have lots of oxygen.
B : We just came in from recess, so why am I yawning?
W: Are you tired? Being tired also makes you yawn.
This is because your body needs rest. Oxygen
helps your body rest. Sleeping rests your body
and makes you take long, deep breaths.
B : Then, why do I yawn when I am bored, Ms.
Terry?
W: Well, Jason, when you are bored, you are probably
not breathing deeply enough. The best way to
stop yawning from boredom is to do something
interesting. If you can’t do that, try taking deep
breaths. This will not stop the boredom, but it
will help you stop yawning.
Unit 33 The Gym
W: Did you hear that a new gym opened on one of
the streets nearby?
M: That’s great news! I’ve gained some weight, and
I’d like to lose it through exercise.
W: I need to lose weight, too, and I’ve always wanted
to take yoga classes.
M: Do you know if the new gym offers yoga classes?
W: I’m not sure. I’m planning to go there on Friday
evening to look around. Do you want to join
me?
M: Let me check my schedule for this week. I’m too
busy on Friday, so can we go on Saturday
afternoon instead?
W: Sure. We can see what the new gym has to offer,
and get some exercise, too. It’s fun to work out
in a gym with other people. We might even meet
new people with similar hobbies!
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M: Hold on, let’s see what the gym looks like first
before we start planning anything else. Let’s
meet for lunch at the West End Café before we
go. It might be the last good meal we eat!
W: Good plan!
Unit 34 A Healthy Lifestyle
W: This burger is delicious! Do you want some?
M: No, thank you. I’m working out at the gym
these days. I want to be healthy, so I’ve also
started eating good, fresh food.
W: You’re exercising? That’s fantastic! When did
you start thinking about your weight and staying
in shape?
M: Last month I had a check-up. My doctor told me
that I should be leading a much healthier
lifestyle now that I’m getting older. Now, I try to
eat small, regular meals instead of one or two
big meals a day.
W: I see. What types of food do you usually eat
now?
M: I eat lots of fruit and vegetables. I try to limit
carbohydrates like bread, rice, and pasta. I also
try not to eat sugary foods.
W: Oh dear! I love sugary foods, especially cakes.
M: Well, try to eat food that is good for you. You
need to take care of yourself.
W: You’re right. I should start thinking about a
healthier lifestyle. But first, I’m going to finish
my burger!
Unit 35 A Balanced Meal
W: I have lost seven pounds in one week! Skipping
breakfast really works.
M: I don’t think that’s a good idea.
W: Why not?
M: People who skip breakfast eat more at the next
meal. Eating breakfast is very important.
Breakfast gives you energy for the day.
W: Well, I eat one big meal a day at dinnertime.
M: Having one meal a day is not good. You should
have several small meals a day. You’ll have more
energy that way.
W: Maybe you’re right. I have been feeling really
tired lately.
M: What do you usually eat?
W: I only eat salads now.
M: Salads alone may not be nutritious enough.
W: So, what should I eat?
M: You need some protein and carbohydrates. It is
important to eat a good variety of food at each
meal. You should have balanced meals. Make
sure you eat cereals, fruits and vegetables, and
some bread or rice. You also need milk and dairy
products, and some meat. You’ll be healthier.
You’ll have more energy. You’ll even look better!
Travel and Transport
Unit 36 Across Canada
W: I’m so excited! I just got back from the travel
agency.
M: Travel agency? Where are you going?
W: I’m planning to go to Canada on vacation.
M: Canada! How exciting! How long are you going
for?
W: I’m going for a month. I want to see as much as
I can!
M: You are so lucky! What places are you going to
visit?
W: First, I’ll spend a few days in Vancouver. Then
I’ll take a train through the Rocky Mountains.
M: Oh, you’re riding through the Rockies! That’s
really exciting!
W: Then I’ll fly to Toronto, and take a bus to
Niagara Falls. Did you know that you can
actually take a boat under that huge waterfall?
It’s called Maid of the Mist.
M: Wow! That’s an amazing thing to do! You’re so
lucky!
W: Well, I hope I don’t get seasick! I’ll finish my trip
in Nova Scotia. I want to eat lobster for dinner
every night. And I’d like to bike around some
small fishing villages, too.
M: Have a great time, and take lots of pictures!

Unit 37 A Trip to Europe

G : Where are you going on vacation this year, Andre?
B : I’m going to Europe with my parents. We’re going
to take a tour of France, Italy, and Germany.
G : Oh! That will be such fun! How long will you be
gone?
B : Three weeks. We’re going in the summer, so I
won’t miss any school.
G : What will you do there?
B : We’re going to visit historical sites, like the
Coliseum in Rome. We’ll also see famous museums,
like the Louvre in Paris. And, of course, we’re
going to the top of the Eiffel Tower.
G : How will you travel from one country to another?
B : There’s a famous train that goes all over Europe.
It’s called the Eurorail.
G : I wish I could go with you! My family is going
to the seashore again, just like last year. I’d like
to go somewhere I’ve never been.
B : Don’t worry, Julie. I will take lots of pictures,
and I’ll buy you a souvenir.
G : Thank you! I’ll collect some seashells from the
beach for you.
B : Thanks!
Unit 38 New Mexico
B : Hi, I haven’t seen you for two whole weeks!
Where did you go on your vacation?
G : I visited my cousin in New Mexico. I had a great
time!
B : Mexico? I thought you went to the US.
G : I did. New Mexico is a state in the southwestern
US. It’s between Texas and Arizona. Guess what?
A lot of Americans don’t know that New Mexico
is a state. The license plates on cars in New Mexico
also say “USA.” This is so that people don’t get
confused and think the driver is from Mexico.
B : That’s funny! So, tell me what you did in New
Mexico.
G : My favorite part was visiting Carlsbad Caverns.
There are 30 miles of caves! In one cave, we had
to wear hats with lights on them so we could see
in the dark. Sometimes we had to crawl through
very narrow tunnels on our hands and knees.
B : Weren’t you scared?
G : No, it was a lot of fun! I’m going to visit my
cousin again next year. You should come with
me!
Unit 39 A Good Way to Travel
M: Traveling is a good hobby. If you have very
little money, backpacking is a good way to
travel. Many students like to backpack. They
can travel cheaply. They can travel to many
places. These travelers carry their belongings in
large backpacks. They are called backpackers.
Backpackers take buses or trains to save
money. They camp outdoors to sleep. If they
stay in a city, they may go to a hostel. A hostel
is like a hotel. Hotels are not cheap. Hostels are
very cheap. Travelers often share rooms at hostels.
There are only a few toilets and baths. People
share them, too.
Hostels are a good place to meet other
travelers. You can make friends. They can tell
you about fun things to do in the area. Many
hostels have kitchens. These kitchens have
stoves. Some have toasters. You can buy your
food from a store. Then, you can cook at the
hostel. This is cheaper than eating out. Just
remember to clean up when you are done!
Unit 40 A Train Announcement
W: Welcome on board the TGV 740. We are
now leaving Paris. We will arrive in Marseilles
at 3:00 p.m.
We offer free beverages in each car. Please have
as much coffee, tea, or soft drinks as you wish.
There is a restaurant on the train. You may
purchase a meal there during the trip. The
restaurant is in car 11.
We will make two stops on this trip. We will
pick up passengers in Provence and Dijon.
Passengers changing trains can ask the attendant
for a free timetable. This will help you with your
onward trip.
Please note that smoking is only permitted
in cars 15 and 23. Newspapers are given to all
passengers. Mobile phones and the Internet may
be used in cars 18 and 25. If you need assistance,
please press the button near your seat to contact
a cabin attendant.
Please sit back, relax, and enjoy the trip. We
are pleased to have you on board. We look
forward to serving you again in the future.
 Transcripts
Nature and the Environment
Unit 1 A Big Responsibility
B : Mom, can I get a puppy?
W: No, Billy. Taking care of a pet is a big responsibility.
B : I promise to take good care of him, and you
won’t have to remind me to do things for him.
W: A dog isn’t a toy that you play with for awhile.
He will be part of our life for the next 10 or 20
years. He is a living creature.
B : I understand that, Mom. I promise to feed him every
morning and take him for walks every afternoon.
W: That’s part of the responsibility, but there’s more.
He needs a license and has to go to the vet to get
shots. A dog also needs companionship. You can’t
go off with your friends and leave him locked up
in the house all day.
B : I understand, Mom. I have almost $100 in the
bank so I can pay for his license and shots now.
W: There are other expenses, too. Dog food is rather
expensive.
B : Well, I have my job mowing lawns and I’ll get a
newspaper route.
W: I think we should discuss this with your father
when he gets home. This is a family decision.
B : OK, Mom. Thanks!
Unit 2 Elephants Are Amazing
M: Elephants are interesting. They are intelligent.
They also have a great memory. You should
always be kind to elephants. They remember
everything. A woman from India told me a story.
When she was a little girl, she knew of an evil
elephant keeper. He often hit his elephant. He was
very mean and cruel to the elephant. Then the evil
keeper sold the elephant. The new keeper was a
very kind man. Many years later, the evil keeper
met the elephant again. The elephant remembered
the evil man. He picked up a stone with his trunk and
threw it at the evil man. The elephant still knew the
man, even after so many years.
Elephants help each other, too. Elephants use
a special sound. The sound is so low that people
cannot hear it. This sound travels really far.
Groups of elephants can communicate with each
other, even if they are far apart. This is very useful
because it helps the elephants to find water and
food. The elephants cooperate to help each other.
Unit 3 Ants, Ants, Everywhere!
G : Hello, Mrs. Wilson. How are you?
W: I’m worried, Brianna. Thousands of ants are all
over my patio!
G : That’s quite a problem.
W: What’s worse is that my daughter’s birthday
party is in a few days and I wanted to have it on
the patio.
G : Why don’t you call an exterminator?
W: I would, but I don’t want all those hazardous
chemicals around my children. It’s harmful and
unhealthy. I also don’t want dangerous substances
to seep into the garden.
G : I usually don’t have problems with ants, and I
don’t use any chemicals.
W: What’s your secret?
G : Well, ants are difficult to control, so I planted a
lot of mint plants near my deck. I also use cinnamon
and cayenne pepper. I just sprinkle them around the
places I don’t want ants. Some people have tried it
and said it worked. Others said that they needed to
try something else.
W: I think it’s worth a try. I would rather use cinnamon
and mint around my patio than some hazardous
chemicals. Besides, I don’t mind having the ants in
the yard. I simply don’t want them coming to the
birthday party. Would you mind helping me?
G : It would be a pleasure. I have a lot of cinnamon
at home and I can run to the store to get the
plants for you.
W: Thank you, Brianna. You’re such a thoughtful
person.
Unit 4 The Oil Spill
G: My best friend Katy lives near a beautiful
white sand beach. Her parents take us there every
summer. The water is clean and refreshing. We
have a lot of fun in the waves. Last year, there was
an oil spill at Katy’s beach. We volunteered at the
1
 beach to clean up the oil and help the birds that
were caught in the spill.
When we arrived at the beach that day, the
water was slick with oil and the white sand had
turned black. It was an ugly sight. At first, the
rescue workers would not let us on the beach.
We had to watch from a distance. We watched
as they put a huge float in the water, called a
boom. This device kept the oil slick from
spreading. Once they stopped the slick, we were
allowed on the beach to help. Each of us was
given a broom. We swept the oil into a pile. The
workers took it away in big trucks. We all
worked very hard that day to restore the beach.
Once the oil was removed, the birds that had
been caught in the oil had to be helped. The
workers showed us how to remove the oil from
their wings. Then the birds could fly away to
safety. We were very proud of ourselves that day.
We helped save our beautiful beach and the
birds who visit it.
Unit 5 The Amazing Amazon
M: The Amazon is an amazing river. It is unique
in many ways. It is the second longest river in
the world. It is 6,500 kilometers long. It starts
up in the Andes Mountains. Its drainage basin
(the area of land that collects water) covers 40
percent of South America. The Amazon River
has many small rivers that supply it with water.
It is the widest river in the world. The river
rises more than nine meters during the rainy season.
It overflows its banks. It floods large areas of the
rainforest. During that time, in some parts, it has a
width of up to 40 kilometers. The Amazon River is
over 325 kilometers wide at its mouth. It has more
water than any other river in the world.
The Amazon River is also home to many animals.
Over 2,000 types of fish live in the Amazon
River. One kind of fish is the piranha. The piranha
is a terrifying fish. A piranha grows up to 60
centimeters long. It hunts in a group. A group of
piranha can kill and eat cattle in a matter of minutes.
They are so efficient that only the bones are left.
This fish is one of the most dangerous creatures in
the Amazon River.
2
Science and Technology
Unit 6 Research
W: What are you doing, Billy?
B : I’m doing research. I found a lot of great websites.
W: You know, I think you might want to go to the
library and look at some books.
B : I don’t want to. It takes too much time, and
besides, this is fast, easy, and fun. This paper will
be done in no time.
W: The Internet is great for finding information.
But it is also full of misinformation and lies. You
don’t really know what you are looking at unless
you are at a reliable site. It’s safer to get some
books first and then search for more information.
B : Grandma, I love you, but I think you are a little
old-fashioned. Look at all this great information!
My report is on Albert Einstein. Now, according
to this site, he was born in 1979, came up with
the theory of relatives, and was awarded the
Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922.
W: Your information is wrong. Albert Einstein was
born in 1879 and developed the theory of general
relativity. He won the Nobel Prize in 1921.
B : Wow! That means all this stuff is inaccurate.
How did you know all that?
W: Come with me to the library and I’ll help you
find the books with those facts.
B : Thank you, Grandma. You’re a real life-saver!
Unit 7 A New Calculator
W: Hi. I’d like to see your calculators.
M: Did you have a certain model in mind, ma’am?
W: I’m not thinking of any specific model. I want
something simple for basic math.
M: Is it for personal use?
W: Yes. I just need it for shopping and keeping
track of my bills.
M: Well, the great thing is that these simple calculators
are very inexpensive and small. Here is a solar
model that never needs batteries. It is thin, too.
W: It’s too small. I can’t read the numbers very easily.
M: How about this one? It is a pocket calculator. It’s
a bit bigger. The display is easier to read.
W: Yes, I can see the numbers better. It is easier to
hold, too. Is it also solar?
M: Yes, it is. It is battery-powered, as well. It has an
eight-digit display. This calculator also has a
memory key.
W: How much is it?
M: It is only five dollars plus tax. It comes with a
one-year warranty.
W: I’ll take it.
Unit 8 Racing Robots
M: I have been interested in robots for as long as
I can remember. The first thing I did when I
entered high school was join the Robotech
robot-making club. We get together after school
every day and create our own robots. Nowadays
it is very easy to find kits to build your own
robot and these are what we use.
The highlight of the year for us is the annual
Robot Maze race. Everyone who wants to take
part has to make a small computer-controlled
robot. You need to race it to the center of a
maze. We work together in teams of three or
four. This year, I am working with two students
who won last year’s competition, so I think we
have a really good chance of winning.
Our robot is about 30 centimeters high. It
weighs two kilograms. It should be really quick.
We have been practicing often, and we have
already equaled last year’s speed, so we just need
to get a little faster. We are keeping the design of
our robot secret. If we win, we will get $500. I
hope this will be my lucky year.
Unit 9 Online Chatting
W: Philip, are you still chatting online? It’s 9:30 p.m.
You have an exam tomorrow.
B : Yes, Mom. I’ll get off in a minute.
W: I read some articles about chatting online. I’m
not so sure you should be spending so much
time in front of your computer.
B : Mom, that seems unfair. It can be very educational.
You meet people from all over the world who talk
about lots of different things.
W: OK, maybe these people share their knowledge.
I still think it is better to join clubs and socialize
with real people.
B : Do you think chatting online causes bad behavior?
W: Online chatting can be very addictive, not to
mention expensive.
B : Well, if you have DSL, chatting is not expensive.
Also, not everyone who chats is an addict.
Disabled people are better able to socialize online.
You know, not every area is wheelchair-accessible.
W: True. However, I’ve read that there are lots of
strange people online who are dangerous.
B : I’ll be careful. Besides, you can always see what
I am writing and who I am writing to. In my
opinion, the biggest fault with chatting online is
the lag time or delay in the system.
W: I agree, I have noticed that there is some lag time
in you getting off the computer!
Unit 10 The Nobel Prize
W: One of the greatest achievements in the
world is to win the Nobel Prize. It has been given
to people since 1901. There are prizes for physics,
chemistry, and medicine. There are also prizes for
literature, economics, and peace. The Nobel
Prize is named after Alfred Nobel. He was born
in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1833. Alfred Nobel
invented dynamite in 1866. Dynamite is used in
mining, construction, and war. Before he died, he
wrote that all of his money should be used to
create the Nobel Prize. He died in 1896. The
first prize was given in 1901.
Each prize has three parts: a diploma, a gold
medal, and money. The money has increased
since 1980. It is now ten million Swedish crowns.
This is about one million euros. How are the
winners chosen? Five committees secretly meet to
pick the winners. The Nobel Prize for Economics
is the only one that is not decided that way. That
is because it was created in 1956 by the Bank of
Sweden in honor of the fiftieth anniversary of
Alfred Nobel’s death. The Bank of Sweden decides
who gets the Nobel Prize for Economics. Since
1901, over 750 people have won the Nobel Prize.
3

Art and Culture
Unit 11 Great Art
M: What makes a painting a great work of art?
There are many answers to that question. Some
people think that a painting should look pretty.
Others disagree. The skill of the painter is
important. The techniques used are also important.
Most of all, a great painting has meaning. A
great painting has a special element in it.
Sometimes, a painter’s special element is the
way he portrays his or her feelings in a piece of
art. An example of this is Picasso’s painting,
Guernica. It has strange shapes in it. It shows
suffering people, too. It is not a very pretty picture.
However, it makes people understand Picasso’s
feelings about war.
Other times, the element is a memory or feeling.
This comes from inside another person. Someone
may see a painting and be reminded of a beautiful
memory. A painting can also remind people of a
feeling. For example, Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona
Lisa is very popular. Many people like her smile.
Some people say it is a mysterious smile. Others
say it is a happy one. Still others make up stories
about the woman in the painting.
Which element is the most important? Is it
the skill of the artist or the feelings of the person
looking at the painting? Whatever the case, a
painting that grabs people’s emotions is popular.
Unit 12 Talking Drums
B : I want to be a member of a heavy metal band. I
love heavy metal drums, James.
M: I don’t, Henry! They are too heavy, if you ask
me. I prefer a more traditional style, like African
barrel drums.
B : Barrel drums? What are those?
M: They are made with hollow logs and animal
skins. First, they cut down a tree. They cut a section
that’s about as thick and tall as a barrel. They
stretch an animal skin over the top, and tie it to
the sides with wooden pegs. These pegs can be
tightened to change the pitch.
B : Hmm... that sounds interesting.
M: In Nigeria, they have “talking” drums. They use
a hollow tree trunk that’s smaller than a barrel
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drum, and leave an opening at both ends. Then
they fit an animal skin on each end. There’s a
string between each of these ends. When a player
holds the drum under an armpit and squeezes, it
tightens the string and raises the pitch.
B : Why do they call it a “talking” drum?
M: The drummers are so skillful they can make the
drums imitate human voices. They seem to cry,
laugh, and shout.
B : I’d like to hear that.
M: Why don’t you come to the community college
with me tomorrow? A troupe from Africa is giving
a concert, and they are supposed to have the
best drummers in the world.
B : Now, that sounds great!
Unit 13 The Hot New Movie
W: The latest blockbuster movie Robots Attack
2 starring Garrison Fort opened yesterday. Fort
and Andy Robot are at it again, saving people
from the jaws of death. The evil robots are
invading Atlantis once again. The crowds
seemed to love the sequel. Maybe they loved it
as much, if not more than, the first Robots
Attack. The special effects are fantastic! Mr. Fort
seems to have worked on his fighting technique.
His martial arts skills are amazing. He beats the
evil robots easily.
Of course, our leading man saves a lady in
distress, the fair Angie. She promptly falls in
love with Garrison the hero. However, Andy
Robot is jealous of this new love.
He spends a good part of the movie trying to
ruin their plans. Another surprise is the evil
robot, Homer, who decides he wants to become
a do-gooder. His partner, Ethel, works hard to
make him return to his evil ways.
Does Andy Robot succeed in rescuing
Garrison Fort from love? What about Ethel?
Does she bring Homer back to his evil ways? To
find out, head for the theater, buy a ticket, and
sit back and relax.
Unit 14 A Faux Pas
G: It happens a lot. So many people visit and
live in foreign countries nowadays. The culture
and manners of every country are different. It is
 likely that a foreigner will say or do something
inappropriate. This is called a faux pas. In one
culture, it is fine to do something one way. In
another culture, it is rude.
For example, my friend visited a relative in
Israel. She offered to wash the dishes. She did not
know that it was important to wash the meat
dishes with a special sponge. She used the wrong
sponge. Her friend’s father was very upset. In
Canada, it is fine to use the same sponge to wash
all of the dishes, but not in Israel.
Something similar happened to me when I
visited a temple in India. I was surprised when
two officials stopped me and told me to take off
my shoes. It was only then that I realized that
people are not allowed to enter a temple with
their shoes on. I was very embarrassed. Of
course, I apologized for my mistake.
A faux pas is embarrassing. No one wants to
be rude. No one wants to cause problems.
However, when two cultures meet, there can be
misunderstandings. The next time someone is
rude, be patient and understanding. He may
think he is acting politely.
Unit 15 The List
G : Thanks for coming, Dad. I can’t believe my first
day of school is just next week!
M: Your mother and I are proud of you. Greer is a
very prestigious art school.
G : There is an enormous list of art supplies. They
are mostly items I don’t recognize.
M: Let’s look for the supplies that you recognize,
Megan, and then we can get help with the rest.
G : I need a large drawing board. I also need a
drawing pad one meter by half a meter in size,
newsprint paper, and a set of artist’s drawing
pencils.
M: Here is the drawing board, and I noticed the
pencils over there. What’s next?
G : I need watercolor paint, various brushes, India
ink, and a fountain pen.
M: They are on the wall display.
G : Now we need to locate the vine charcoal.
M: Excuse me, miss.
W: Yes, sir? How can I help you?
M: We’re trying to find vine charcoal. Do you know
what that is, and where we can find it?
W: Vine charcoal is specially-burned wood. Burning
it makes it like a black chalk. It is commonly
used for drawing. Vine charcoal is very easy to
erase, so we keep it next to the erasers.
G : That’s everything, Dad!
M: Great! Let’s pay for all these supplies.
Leisure and Entertainment
Unit 16 Family Camping
B : There are many popular leisure time activities,
but one of the most enjoyable is family time. Most
people enjoy being with their families. There are
many things to do with your family, too. Families
can go to the movies, travel, visit museums, and
play sports together. The most common family
activity is probably camping.
Many families like camping. It is a chance for
the whole family to work together. They can stay
in the wild. Children gather dry wood for the fire.
Their parents set up the tents. Then the whole family
gathers around the fire. They enjoy a special meal
together. Then, they set off into the woods with
a compass and a map. After hiking the trails,
everyone gets a fishing pole. Each person casts
the fishing line out into the river. Who gets the
biggest fish? It’s a great contest.
Later, the children clean the fish by the river.
They take the scales off the fish. Mom fries the
fish over the campfire. Dad cleans up when
everyone is finished. You don’t want wild animals
coming to eat your leftovers! Then everyone
goes into their tents for a restful night.
While there are many things that families
can do together, camping is probably the most
exciting.
Unit 17 The Amusement Park
M: I love this amusement park, Fran! Thanks for
suggesting it. I am having a fantastic time. There’s
that new ride! It’s called, “The Volcano,” and it’s
supposed to be amazing.
W: That looks awfully high. Do you really want to
try it? We’ve experienced “The Rocket,” the
5
 giant Ferris Wheel, and those bumper boats.
Don’t you think that’s enough? Besides, I am
absolutely starving.
M: If you come on “The Volcano” with me, I’ll buy
you a pizza with whatever toppings you want.
W: Do you really mean any topping, even mushrooms,
which you don’t like?
M: Yes, I will even order a pizza with mushrooms!
W: OK, Michael. I will try this last ride.
M: Great, Fran! I know you will enjoy this. Did you
know that when the volcano erupts, our seats
shake? I heard it is quite an experience.
W: I am not sure that I want to get on this ride anymore.
M: Don’t worry, Fran. Look at the people getting
off the ride. They look very satisfied.
W: I’m sorry, but I don’t think I can do this, even
for pizza. How would you feel if I bought lunch
instead?
M: I don’t want to force you to do something you
really don’t want to do. And I am hungry. Sure,
let’s get some lunch.
W: I want to try this new restaurant called Skylight.
The top of the restaurant spins while you eat!
M: Oh, wow! Let’s go!
Unit 18 Fresh Lemonade
B : How can I earn some extra money this summer?
G : Why don’t we start a lemonade stand, Will?
B : That’s a great idea, Mary, but do you think we
will make any money?
G : If we set up in an area with a lot of traffic on a
hot day, we will get plenty of customers. We can
charge $1.50 per cup.
B : That sounds a little expensive.
G : But we need to charge that much to cover our
expenses. By charging $1.50 per cup, we can
make good money with our lemonade stand.
B : OK. What do we need to get started?
G : We need the ingredients to make lemonade, so we
need lemons, sugar, and water. We need something
to keep our money in, a sign to advertise the
lemonade, paper cups, and a cardboard box to use
as a stand.
B : Should we sell food to go with the lemonade?
G : I think that would be too complicated. We would
need a permit and either a cooler or stove. We
should stick to just selling lemonade.
B : You’re right, let’s just keep it simple.
6
G : OK, let’s get set up and think of a plan to get
some customers and make some sales!
B : Why don’t I attract the customers and you serve
the lemonade?
G : Sounds good to me.
Unit 19 At the Movies
M: Ticket prices have certainly gone up!
W: Yes, but I really needed a break, so if the price is
a bit higher, it doesn’t matter. Besides, I really
want to see this movie on the big screen.
M: Would you like something to snack on while we
watch the movie?
W: Sure. What do they have?
M: It looks like the standard popcorn and soda. But
there’s also ice cream, hot dogs, and coffee.
W: I have a craving for chocolate, but I should attempt
to eat something healthy. I want to avoid getting
sick this year. I am trying to change my diet.
M: I’m afraid the healthiest item may be the coffee.
W: Do they have any muffins?
M: No, but they do have brownies.
W: I haven’t had a brownie in a long time. Please
get me a brownie and a coffee. What are you
getting?
M: I’m getting the large popcorn and a cola.
W: Here is some money.
M: It’s on me.
W: No, please. The tickets were extremely expensive.
I know you are on a restricted budget.
M: I insist. Did you want cream and sugar in your
coffee?
W: Well, thank you very much. No cream in the
coffee, please.
M: So, you probably don’t want sugar, either?
W: No, I think there is enough sugar in the brownies.
I’ll find us some seats near the aisle.
Unit 20 Hobbies
G: When someone does an activity that is not a
part of his or her job and is done for fun, it is
called a hobby. Most people enjoy hobbies during
their free time. Some people spend a lot of time
on their hobbies. There are nearly as many kinds
of hobbies, as there are people. A hobby can be
about making or collecting things, or enjoying an
experience.
 Creative hobbies are popular. Some creative
hobbies are writing, drawing, and making pottery.
A lot of people like making jewelry or clothes.
People who do these kinds of hobbies sometimes
become writers or artists when they retire.
Collecting is also popular. Most collectors used
to buy coins, stamps, or baseball cards. Today,
toys, games, and model cars are trendy. Collectors
buy and sell things on the Internet. They also shop
online in stores all around the world.
Enjoying an experience is a hobby, too. Some
people listen to music. Others watch movies or
read books. Many people travel or play sports.
Helping people is a hobby. There are places you
can help build houses for poor families. You can
help feed the homeless at soup kitchens. You can
also tutor children or help the elderly.
A hobby is something that is done for fun.
With so many choices, there is no reason not to
enjoy a hobby.
School and Family
Unit 21 Defense!
M: Stay low and bend your knees! Come over here.
B : Yes, Coach?
M: Jackson, when you’re playing defense, keep
your knees bent and your body low. It helps you
keep your balance. And it allows you to move
more quickly in every direction.
B : Like this?
M: That’s right. You should attempt to stay on the
balls of your feet. It’s like you are getting ready
to pounce. Athletes never rest on their heels.
B : Should I stand with my legs close together or far
apart?
M: It is best to keep them about shoulder-width apart.
Bend your knees and keep your back straight.
Spread your arms straight out at your sides.
B : This seems almost like I’m getting ready to attack
the ball.
M: It is a little bit like that. Your stance looks much
better than before.
B : Coach, how do I move forward and backward
on defense? I feel like my stance is fine, but
when I try to dart toward my opponent, I keep
tripping over my feet.
M: When you move forward, put your right foot in
front of you, with your toes pointing in the
direction you want to go. When you move
backward, just reverse it: follow the direction of
your left foot. How are you feeling?
B : My legs are tired and my back aches.
M: Playing defense is hard work. Take a break, then
we’ll try it again.
Unit 22 The Importance of Writing
B : This is terrible! I hate this assignment.
W: What’s wrong, Timmy?
B : I am frustrated because I need to write a book
report, and I can’t get started.
W: May I see your paper? There’s nothing here!
B : I can’t think of anything to write, and it’s due
tomorrow. To make matters worse, we have to
perform an oral presentation in front of the entire
class. I don’t see the purpose of writing a book
report, anyway.
W: Writing is a necessary skill that you’ll use for the
rest of your life. This book report is just one way
to begin learning that skill. It’s another form of
communication and a means of expressing your
thoughts. It allows others to understand what is
in your heart and mind.
B : I’ve never had to write before. Why should I
start now?
W: Now is the best time to begin. The best writers
read a lot, and practice writing. Anyone can
learn to write well. I know you can do it.
B : OK, Mom. When you put it that way, I think I
can do it.
W: That’s the right attitude. Let’s try to organize
some of your thoughts by brainstorming. What
can you tell me about the book?
B : The book? I’ve only watched the movie! Does
that count?
W: Oh, goodness! What kind of child am I raising?
B : One that probably won’t be a famous writer!
Unit 23 The Course Schedule
W: It’s so difficult to choose what courses to take
this semester. Henry, have you chosen all of your
courses yet?
7
M: No, Sue. I’m having a hard time making up my
mind, and I still need to select two more. Do you
have any ideas? Do you know anything about
the professors?
W: I heard that the psychology professor is tough
but fair. If you work hard, you can get a good
grade.
M: Psychology sounds interesting.
W: How about we both sign up for psychology?
Then we’d be in the same class, and we could
help each other with assignments.
M: I remember the last class we took together. I’m
not so sure that’s a good idea.
W: Oh, come on. It would be fun. I promise I’ll
attend the classes and not just borrow your
notes this time.
M: Thanks!
W: I was thinking about taking film studies. Why
don’t you take that?
M: I like going to the movies, but I don’t want to
study them.
W: I know someone who took that course last year,
and she said it’s very easy. Almost everyone gets
an “A” or a “B.” And there is no homework.
M: That is tempting, but I want to learn something
useful.
W: Fine, but don’t complain to me if you get a “C.”
Unit 24 Food, Family, and Fun
W: Thanksgiving is a special family holiday in
America. Families come together to give thanks
for all they have. Although every family celebrates
in slightly different ways, a typical Thanksgiving
is full of food, family, and fun. My family celebrates
Thanksgiving, too.
Everyone in my family goes to my parents’
place for Thanksgiving. We have a large meal.
Everyone helps on Thanksgiving. The children
set the table. My mother cooks the turkey using
her own secret ingredients. My father makes the
side dishes. He makes potatoes, beans, carrots,
stuffing, oysters, and beets. My mom makes
cranberry sauce. My sister-in-law brings a
pumpkin pie. I come early to help my parents
cook.
When it is time to eat, we put all the food on
the table. Everyone sits down. We each say what
8
we are thankful for before we eat. Some of us
are thankful for our health, and others are
thankful for their jobs. Everyone is thankful for
something different.
There is a lot of activity after the meal. My
aunt and uncle clean off the table. My sister-in-law
helps me wash the dishes. The teenagers wash
and put away the silverware. The children help
to tidy the dining room. My brothers take out
the garbage. Then they go play football in the
backyard. The rest of us sit down and relax. We
are thankful for the food and our blessings.
Most of all, we are thankful to have each other.
Unit 25 The Project
B : Hey Dad! Do you think you can help me out?
I’ve just been assigned this enormous project at
school, and I really don’t know where to begin.
M: Sure Jason, I’ll give it my best shot.
B : Oh, Dad, I know you will be a great help and
inspiration to me.
M: OK, OK. That’s enough flattery from you for
one day. What’s this project about?
B Well, I have two choices. I can research a
:
profession, or I can interview someone that I
admire about their profession. If I do the second
option, I must also add my own opinion about
their profession.
M: Well, I am an expert when it comes to my
profession. Accounting is a noble profession and
one that I am always happy to talk about.
B : Dad, I know how much you love your career. It
isn’t that I don’t admire you. But what I was
hoping actually, was that you could speak to
Mr. Chang, your diving friend, and see if he
would agree to an interview. Diving for a living
sounds cool!
M: I see. That’s a great idea! You know how I really
dislike talking about myself for too long. Let me
give David Chang a call right now and find out.
B : Thanks, Dad! You’re the best! I know this will be
an awesome project!

People and Work
Unit 26 The Assignment
B : Hello Wendy! Who did you do your homework
about?
G : I wrote about my dad because he is a firefighter.
B : Really? Does he actually go into burning buildings?
G : Yes, and he sometimes has to crawl into tight
places to rescue people.
B : Has he ever been trapped in a burning building?
G : Well, one time he needed to break down a door.
He was carrying a little girl out of her house.
Someone left the stove on, and it ignited a fire in
the kitchen.
B : Was everyone all right?
G : All five people living there escaped safely, but
the house burned to the ground.
B : Your dad is incredibly brave, a real hero. What
does he do at the fire station?
G : He resides there for a few days when he works.
All of the firefighters cook, eat, and clean
together. When there’s a fire, they slide down a
pole into the fire station’s garage to get their
fire-fighting equipment. They quickly put on
their gear and then jump onto the fire trucks.
My dad loves to drive the fire trucks.
B : Wow! Maybe I should be a firefighter someday.
G : I’m definitely going to be a firefighter, Ian. I
want to be just like my dad.
Unit 27 CoCo Lee
G: Ferren Lee’s mother hoped her daughter would
follow in her footsteps and become a doctor.
However, Ferren always knew she wanted to
sing.
In her spare time, Ferren sang along with
pop songs. Ferren also entered singing contests.
She won many competitions. Her big break came
after high school. She was on vacation in Hong
Kong and took second place in an important
singing competition. She got a recording contract
with Fancy Pie Records, and, a few years later,
Sony.
Today, CoCo Lee, as she is now known, is
one of the most famous pop singers in the
world. She was born in Hong Kong on January
17, 1975, but she was raised in San Francisco.
She has made records in English and Chinese.
Her 1998 album, DiDaDi, won the MTV Asia
music award for best album and best music
video. CoCo’s next album was in English. It was
called Just No Other Way. It introduced her to
American audiences.
Apart from her beautiful voice and stunning
looks, CoCo Lee is intelligent. She had a 3.8
grade-point average in college. She also earned a
double major in bio-chemistry and bio-science.
One of her dreams, she says, is to help find a
cure for cancer.
Who knows? CoCo’s mother may yet get her
wish.
Unit 28 A Blind Date
W: What’s wrong, Mike? You appear to be depressed.
M: I haven’t slept in days, and I feel awful. My
fiancée and I broke up just before I went to
Madrid for the concert.
W: Why didn’t you say something? No wonder your
playing sounded so bad. Oh dear, I’m really sorry.
M: It was an appalling performance, I agree. I was
miserable and unhappy, but I had to perform,
anyway.
W: Have you been seeing anyone else since you
broke up with her?
M: No, I have been working overtime instead. The
conductor was not pleased with my last performance.
Besides, don’t you think it’s too soon?
W: Not at all. You might just need to get out and
socialize. Hey, I’ve got a fabulous idea!
M: Oh no, not another one of your ideas. What is it
this time?
W: Do you remember me telling you about Julia, a
friend from work?
M: I think so. Why?
W: Well, she is single. I could set up the two of you.
M: A blind date? I tried that when I was younger,
and it was a disaster.
W: Come on, Mike. I’d be helping two friends who
will, of course, have a great time together. She
has a charming personality, and she also plays
the oboe. You can go to the concert in the park
on Saturday afternoon. Maybe you can have
coffee afterwards.
9
M: She plays the oboe? OK. Let me know when and
where to meet her.
Unit 29 Crime Does Not Pay
B : Have you ever thought about committing a
crime? Have you ever dreamed about holding
up a bank and driving away in a fast car? Or,
have you ever thought about taking a famous
painting from a big museum?
There are many stories in movies and on TV
of criminals who make a lot of money. They go
on to live a life of luxury. However, for every
successful criminal, there are many, many more
who fail. These crooks soon regret their crimes.
Take the example of a man in Winnipeg who
tried to break into cars in a police academy parking
lot. The man was found by the police in the
parking lot. They saw him trying to open the
doors of all the cars. The man was hoping to
find some loose change, or maybe take some
good car stereos.
However, he did not know that he was being
watched by police officers. He chose the parking
lot because it was in a very quiet area. He
thought that no one would see him. He was
soon arrested by the police. A foolish criminal
like this man shows us that crime does not pay.
Unit 30 A Job Interview
M: Hello, Ms. Jones? Please, come in and sit down.
W: Thank you.
M: So, you’re applying for the position of computer
technician.
W: Yes, that’s right.
M: My name is Mr. Smith, and I will be interviewing
you today.
W: Nice to meet you.
M: Can you tell me a little bit about yourself?
W: As my résumé shows, I graduated from Leeds
University with a Computer Science degree.
During my junior and senior years, I worked part-
time as a computer lab monitor in the university. As
part of that job, I helped students with PC and
desktop application problems and did hardware
and software maintenance. I also taught a weekly
one-hour class on how to use Microsoft Office
applications.
10
M: How would you describe yourself?
W: I really enjoy problem solving, and I’m
hardworking. I’m also very organized, so when
I have a lot of problems to deal with, I make a
list and work through it from the most to the
least urgent. That way, I can get everything done
within the set deadlines.
M: That’s a good way to manage your time. Just
one more question. Why do you want to work
for us?
W: Your company is well-known, and is respected in
the computer industry. I would really like a
chance to be part of your company.
M: OK. Thank you for coming in. I’ll be in touch.
W: Thank you. Goodbye.
Sports and Health
Unit 31 An Ounce of Prevention
M: Hi, Sandy. I have a question for you.
W: Sure, Joe.
M: I need to have a physical examination, and there
is a new clinic on Elm Street. Have you heard
anything about it?
W: One of my friends went there recently. She said
it was very hygienic and well-run. It is great to
have a new clinic close by, since there is a shortage
of doctors around here. Why are you going?
M: I’ve just joined a gym. I want to get more exercise,
and they require a medical exam before I can
start.
W: What kind of tests do they want you to have?
M: They want to know my blood pressure, how
much I weigh, and results from a blood test to
check for any possible diseases. I feel terrific, so
I’m not worried.
W: I had a routine check-up last month, and the doctor
discovered that my blood pressure is a little high.
It’s not serious, but I am glad that I found out
about it. I am walking every day, and I have cut
down on my salt intake. I would rather not take
medication if I don’t have to. The change in diet
has really made me feel better. You know the
saying, “An ounce of prevention is worth a
pound of cure.”
M: I think you are right. Prevention is very important. I’m
going to call right now and set up an appointment.
Unit 32 Herbal Medicine
G: Everyone wants to be healthy. People see
doctors. They take pills to stay healthy. However,
plants have been used to heal for thousands of
years. More and more people are trying herbs to
stay healthy. Plants used to heal are called
“herbal medicine.”
There are many plants used in herbal medicine.
Each plant is used in a certain way. Herbal medicine
works more slowly than most pills. Many people
think plants are gentle on the body. There are a
lot of examples of helpful plants. Ginger can
help your body. Eating ginger often may help you
stay healthy. Another helpful plant is parsley. It
can stop bad breath.
Herbs may be gentler than some pills.
However, this does not mean that anyone can
take them in any way. You should always be
careful. Some herbs can be harmful, too. Too
much rosemary can be very bad for your stomach.
It can make you sick. Foxglove is a very pretty
flower. It also has poison in it.
Nevertheless, if you are afraid of using herbs,
you may be surprised. You have probably already
used some kind of herbal medicine. Coffee, garlic,
ginseng, and peppermint are all used in herbal
medicine. Herbal medicine is becoming popular
again, as people become more interested in their
health.
Unit 33 Home Remedies
W: Everyone gets a cold now and then. Doctors
cannot cure colds. Sleep and rest are good for taking
care of a cold. However, in almost every culture,
most families have a home remedy for colds. These
remedies are passed down from parents to children.
They have changed very little over time.
Different cultures use different ingredients.
In Mexico, cinnamon, raisins, oregano, and hot
water are used to make a special tea. Honey is
sometimes added. A fruit called genipap is used
as a cold remedy in Puerto Rico. The fruit is cut
up. It is then soaked in water. Sugar can be added
to make it sweet. Chicken soup is popular in
America. A large chicken is boiled in a pot.
Carrots, onions, garlic, and other vegetables are
usually added. Ginger tea is used to help a cold in
China. A ginger root is peeled. It is then crushed.
The ginger is boiled for about thirty minutes.
Some honey can be added after it is done.
Each family usually has a home remedy for
a cold. Some remedies work. Some do not. Some
taste good. Others do not. No matter what,
home remedies are sure to be around for a long
time.
Unit 34 Too Much of a Good Thing?
M: Hi, Jenny. Are you drinking coffee again?
W: Hi, Sam. This is my third cup.
M: Are you sure it’s all right to drink so much?
Don’t you think all that caffeine is bad for you?
W: No, that’s a misconception. Everyone thinks coffee
is bad for you, but it’s not.
M: Really?
W: According to an article I read, coffee can be
beneficial to your health.
M: That’s interesting. But you should remember
that one study does not prove much. There are
a lot of other studies out there, too.
W: This doctor in Italy found a lot of benefits.
M: Such as?
W: She says the chemicals in coffee can be good for
your heart and may relieve headaches, too.
M: I know that some coffee can be good sometimes,
but drinking too much is not beneficial. Coffee
has a lot of caffeine, which is addictive. It affects
your blood circulation and removes calcium
from your bones.
W: The doctor did admit that it is not for everyone,
and that you shouldn’t drink more than three
cups a day.
M: You seem nervous when you drink a lot. And
remember when you told me that you are not
sleeping well? Do you think that maybe you
should cut back?
W: I appreciate your concern. I was thinking of
cutting back. Would you like a cup of green tea?
11

Unit 35 Soccer Rules
B : Soccer is one of the most popular sports in
the world. Although the main idea of the game
is easy to understand, there are many rules to be
followed.
A player gets a yellow card for not following
the rules. A yellow card is a warning. If a player
keeps breaking the rules, he gets a red card.
When this happens, he cannot play anymore. He
is ejected from the game.
Another rule is about “handling.” “Handling”
is when another player touches the ball with his
hands on purpose. Players cannot handle the ball.
A player may not do anything that is dangerous
to another player. He cannot kick an opponent’s
legs to get the ball.
There are also some lesser-known rules. A
player is not allowed to impede an opponent.
This means that a player cannot purposely slow
down another player on the field. A penalty can
be called if this occurs. There is a rule about
blocking a goalkeeper, too. A yellow card or an
indirect kick can be given to the opponent’s
team if a player tries this. Yes, soccer is full of
rules!
Travel and Transport
Unit 36 Visit Frisco City!
M: Frisco City is the place for your next vacation.
The city has lots of shopping, food, and fun. There
are so many things to do!
The River Walk is a must-see. Take a city bus
to any of the three downtown stops. There, you
will find stairs. The stairs go down to the riverside.
There are about five kilometers of sidewalk on
either side of the river. Palm trees and cypress
trees decorate the area. There are also tropical
plants. You will see many unique shops, casual
cafés, and upscale restaurants. Every shop is
different. You can ride one of the riverboats and
hear a guide talk about the history of the River
Walk.
However, the River Walk is only one of the
12
attractions of Frisco City. There are also two
amusement parks just outside Frisco City. You
can enjoy a day of fun in the sun at Water World
Park. You can also spend the day enjoying the
roller coasters and other rides at Sun Land.
Visit Frisco City! You will have a great time.
Unit 37 Asking for Directions
W: Asking for directions can be risky. I realized
exactly how risky it could be when I needed to
meet one of my friends one day.
A while ago, I arranged to meet my friend at
a new mall. My friend had been there before and
indicated that we should shop there together.
We planned to meet at 3:00 p.m. at Burger
Palace in the mall.
When I arrived at the mall, I realized I did not
know where Burger Palace was, so I asked a
woman for directions. She advised me to go
straight past the bank, and turn right before the
food court. She mentioned that I would walk
for a few minutes, passing a shoe store until I
reached Burger Palace, which was next to the
bookstore. I followed her directions and arrived
just in time.
Twenty minutes later, I was beginning to
wonder where my friend was. Thirty minutes
later, I was worried. I did not know what to do,
so I just kept waiting. At around 3:40 p.m., I saw
my friend walking quickly toward me. I rushed to
him and demanded to know what happened. “I
was at the other Burger Palace!” he cried. We
had not realized there were two Burger Palaces
in the mall.
Since then, I have made sure that I get the
directions from my friends before I go to meet
them. It saves me a lot of trouble!
Unit 38 Fixing a Flat
M: When your car gets a flat tire, do not panic.
First, apply your brakes and pull over. Inside
the trunk, you will find a spare tire and a toolbox.
One of these tools is a jack, which is a tool
you use to raise the car. This makes the tire easy to
remove. Position the jack beneath the car, behind
the tire that is flat. Insert the jack handle and turn
 it clockwise. Continue turning the handle until the You can also find money exchange stores in
car rises high enough, so that the flat tire is well most large cities.
off the ground and spins freely. Make sure that the W: Wonderful. I will look for a bank. I appreciate
jack is securely supporting the vehicle. If the car is your advice.
unsteady or the jack is unstable, lower the car. M: My pleasure. I hope you enjoy Venezuela.
Reposition the jack and begin again.
Next, use a crowbar to pry off the hubcap
(the metal cover on the side of the tire). Inside Unit 40 The First Nations
the hubcap are four bolts that hold the tire in
G: The First Nations are the people who lived
place. Loosen these, using the long L-shaped
in North America before Europeans migrated
tool. Push firmly on the tool to get the bolts to
there.
turn. It may be difficult.
There is a place in Canada where you can
Once the bolts are loose, the flat tire can be
learn about the culture of the First Nations. It is
pulled off easily. Now you can put on the new
where the First Nations people used to live.
tire. Once it is in place, replace the four bolts and
Now, a Visitors’ Center is there. There is also an
tighten them. Place the flat tire and the toolbox
archeology lab and walking trails. You can learn
back in the trunk.
about the culture through the displays in the
Finally, drive to the nearest service station
Center. The displays show everyday activities.
and get your flat tire fixed!
They show how the people lived.
The gift shop in the Visitors’ Center sells
crafts made by the First Nations people. There
Unit 39 The Exchange Rate are jewelry, paintings, and pottery. You can also
M: Welcome to the Atlanta International Airport, eat at the restaurant. Bison meat is in many dishes.
ma’am. How may I help you? There are also wild rice dishes, fruit pies, and
W: I am traveling to Venezuela. Can you tell me traditional bread. All of the food is tasty.
what the exchange rate is for the dollar? The archeology lab is run by the local university.
M: One moment, please, and I will look it up. The A big window lets you see the archeologists working.
currency in Venezuela is the bolivar. The They found a very old spearhead. They also
exchange rate is 200 bolivars per dollar. found ancient human bones.
W: That seems rather low. Are you certain that that The First Nations Visitors’ Center is a great
is all the dollar is worth? place. You can learn about the First Nations’ culture.
M: There may be several local businesses that may You can also see archeologists at work. You can
exchange for a higher rate, but the official rate walk on the trails, or enjoy a traditional meal. It
is the one I gave you. is an experience to remember.
W: Can I exchange 100 dollars? I need to have some
money for a taxi and a hotel once I arrive in
Caracas.
M: No problem. Here is your money. Would you
like a receipt?
W: Yes, please. I will need it to keep track of my
business expenses.
M: Is there anything else I can do for you?
W: I just have one more question. Do you know
where I can exchange dollars in Venezuela once
I arrive? I will probably need more cash, and I
want to find a reliable exchange.
M: The best place to exchange money is at a large
bank. They will always give you the official rate.

13
 Transcripts
Nature and the Environment
Unit 1 Hibernation
W: Some animals in cold climates hibernate.
This means that they spend the winter months in
a very long and deep sleep. Many animals find
shelter underground. They dig out shelters to
sleep in. Animals that cannot dig find cracks or
holes at the base of trees and bushes. If they like
the place they find, they might use it for years
and years.
Animals that hibernate include cold-blooded
animals, such as lizards, frogs, and snakes. Many
warm-blooded animals also hibernate, such as
mice, bats, and squirrels. When these animals
are hibernating, they seem like they are not alive
at all. Warm-blooded animals seem colder to the
touch. However, their blood is still very warm.
Hibernating animals have a very slow heartbeat.
They almost stop breathing. Extra blood sugar
and fat in their bodies keep them alive. They eat
lots of food just before they hibernate.
Winters that do not stay cold are dangerous
for hibernating animals. They can sometimes
wake up in their shelters when it gets a little
warm. Then they use energy by moving around.
During winter, there is very little food. These
animals can get very thin and weak. If they move
around too much and do not eat, they can die.
Animals hibernate to escape the cold. There
are also animals in hot climates that escape the
heat. During very hot or dry weather, they sleep
underground. This is called aestivation.
Unit 2 Falling Leaves
M: Autumn, or fall, is the season between summer
and winter. The days become shorter, and the air
gets cooler. Trees sense these changes, so they
start preparing for colder weather.
Trees that have leaves block water and food
from coming through the branches to the leaves.
When this happens, the leaves die. They fall off
the tree or the wind blows them away. This is
why autumn is usually called fall in America. As
the leaves start to die, they appear to change
from green to red, yellow, orange, or brown.
Actually, the leaves are really these colors all
year long. They look green because of a chemical
called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll works with the
sun to help the trees make food. In autumn,
when there is less sun, the tree cannot make
chlorophyll, so the green color fades. This
reveals other colors, like red and yellow, that
were always in the leaves.
Like trees, animals also sense changes in the
cooler autumn climate. Animals that hibernate
eat a lot during autumn. They gain weight to store
energy in the form of fat. They use this energy to
survive the winter while hibernating. Many birds
survive the cold in a different way: they leave.
Each year, many birds migrate south to warmer
climates during autumn. They migrate north
again in the spring. Not a bad idea if you ask
me! After all, who would refuse a mid-winter trip
to sunny Thailand?
Unit 3 How the Dinosaurs Disappeared
G: The death of the dinosaurs is a great mystery.
About 65 million years ago, dinosaurs lived all
over the Earth. They had existed for nearly 200
million years. Suddenly, they all became extinct.
Many scientists believe that the dinosaurs
were killed by a large meteor. They think that
this meteor was about six to twelve miles wide.
It crashed into southern Mexico and made a
hole about 130 miles wide. The crash threw dust
and dirt into the sky. Dust clouds darkened the
Earth’s atmosphere. The crash caused fires,
earthquakes, and tidal waves. The plants were
killed. The oceans were poisoned. Very soon,
there was no food left for the plant-eating
dinosaurs. When they died, there was no food
for the meat-eating dinosaurs. The meteor killed
almost 70 percent of all plants and animals on
Earth. The only animals that could survive were
small ones that could eat many different kinds
of food.
Some scientists say the meteor alone did not
cause dinosaurs to become extinct. They think
that dinosaurs were already getting weaker.
They are not sure why. One reason might be
disease. Another might be climate change. A big
1
 part of the mystery is why some types of animals
survived. If climate change killed dinosaurs, it
should also have killed frogs. If the meteor killed
most sea reptiles, it should have killed crocodiles.
Yet frogs and crocodiles still exist in the world
today.
Unit 4 Acid Rain!
M: I hate this rain. It’s causing the traffic to back up
for miles!
W: Well, I hate this traffic, because it’s helping turn
this rain into acid rain.
M: I heard that acid rain has really bad effects.
Doesn’t it cause cancer and brain damage, and
even Alzheimer’s disease?
W: It definitely can, but the major thing it does is
cause breathing problems. The acid in the rain
comes from smoke and gases that are given off
by cars and factories. It’s like riding your bike
behind a bus that’s showering you with its
exhaust fumes.
M: Oh, I was reading something about that the
other day. It said there’s too much sulfur in the
air and that it’s killing thousands of people every
year.
W: Yes. Sulfur is the major element in factory and
car exhaust. It combines with oxygen and nitrogen
in the air to become the acid in acid rain. This
stuff doesn’t just kill us, you know. It also kills
trees and lakes and animals. The acid soaks into
the plants and animals, so that anyone who eats
the plants and animals is also eating the acid.
M: This sounds terrible! What can people do to
stop acid rain?
W: One simple thing they could do is to use less
energy. Another way to stop acid rain is to drive
less, or at least carpool. Imagine if every car on
this road had four people in it right now. There
would be fewer cars and a lot less acid rain.
Unit 5 The Weather Forecast
Part I
W1: And now, over to Barry with our weather
forecast for this weekend. How’s it looking for
this weekend, Barry? Speaking for myself, I
know I’m looking forward to clear skies. The
past two weeks have been even rainier than
usual for Seattle.
2
M1: Well, Sue, residents of Seattle will be happy to
hear that this rainy spell we’ve been having is
finally coming to an end. Although we’ve seen
occasional showers today, by tonight things
should dry out, and Friday morning should
be clear and sunny. This fine weather should
continue until the end of the weekend, with
temperatures ranging from 55 to 75 degrees, so
everyone can put away those umbrellas. Back
to you, Sue.
W1: Thank you, Barry. On behalf of the Thursday
Six o’clock News team, we wish you a pleasant
evening.
Part II
M2: Did you hear the weather report, Jenny? It
looks like it’ll be a clear weekend after all, so
we won’t have to cancel our trip to the lake.
W2: That’s almost unbelievable! I’m really looking
forward to getting out of the city and camping
under the stars. But we’d better get our stuff
ready tonight, Paul, if we’re planning to leave
tomorrow right after work.
M2: Yes, we’ll need our tent, sleeping bags, camping
stove, and a cooler for the drinks. What about
food?
W2: Let’s stop at a store and pick up some groceries
on the way out.
M2: Sounds good. Well, we’d better get packing if we
want to be ready to go by 5:00 p.m. tomorrow.
Science and Technology
Unit 6 Who Invented That?
W: What’s so funny? I can’t concentrate on my
work if you keep laughing loudly like that.
M: I’m sorry. It’s just that I’m reading this article in
Science Today magazine about some of the
unusual things that people have invented. These
inventions are incredible!
W: OK, tell me about some of these inventions, and
let’s see if I think they’re as funny as you do.
M: All right. The first one is a ladder for spiders, “a
thin, flexible, rubber strip which attaches to the
top edge of the bath.”
W: Ha ha! I wonder how long it took someone to
invent that.
M: Another inventor has designed a portable seat
that you wear on a belt around your waist. In
this picture it looks like a big plastic cushion.
W: Well, that is very unusual. But who would want
to walk around with a portable plastic seat
hanging from their waist all the time?
M: Another unusual invention is this one. Look, it’s
a car plate that indicates whether the driver is a
man or a woman by using different colors on
either side. There’s one color for males and one
for females.
W: What’s the point of that invention?
M: The inventor says that other road users will
change the way they behave. They will become
more polite if they know a woman is driving, so
there will be fewer car accidents.
W: Ha! Do you really think that will happen? That’s
completely unbelievable!
Unit 7 The White Noise Machine
W: And now ladies and gentlemen, the moment you
have all been waiting for. Here’s the winner of
this year’s science contest: Charles Moore!
Charles, tell everyone about your invention.
M: Thank you! For the science contest this year, I’ve
invented a white noise machine. Let me explain
what that is. Have you ever been kept awake at
night because of the sound of traffic, or people
talking, or loud music? These types of noise are
sometimes called dark noise. Dark noise is made
up of sounds that bother you so much that you
can’t concentrate on what you are doing.
White noise is not exactly noise; in fact,
white noise can’t be heard at all. White noise is
made up of invisible waves of sound that reduce
the effects of dark noise by making sounds of
the opposite frequency. It’s like being in the
ocean and seeing a large wave coming toward
you. It might knock you down. But if you could
send a wave, or many small waves, toward the
big wave, it wouldn’t be as powerful, because
the small waves would hit it and reduce its size.
My machine does this with sound. As a sound
enters the microphone, the machine determines
the sound’s frequency. Then it makes a sound in the
opposite frequency that cancels out the first sound.
I hope my machine will give some peace and quiet
to people living in noisy places. Thank you.
Unit 8 Inches and Centimeters
B : Hi, Julie. I’m trying to figure out the dimensions
of this MP4 player I want to buy, but I’m having
trouble converting these English measurements.
You’re really good at mathematics, aren’t you?
It says that the MP4 player is 3.6 inches tall and
two inches wide, but what does that mean in
centimeters?
G : Well, according to my math book, one inch
equals 2.54 centimeters, so to convert that, we
need to multiply each English measurement by
that number. Wait, I have a calculator in my
pocket.
B : Great!
G : According to the calculator, that would make it
9.1 centimeters tall and, let’s see, about five
centimeters wide.
B : So, its height is about nine centimeters and its
width is about five centimeters, but what about
its weight? The website says that it weighs 3.6
ounces.
G : We multiply 3.6 by 28.3, which is the equivalent
in grams, and that converts to about 102 grams.
B : All right then, the MP4 player is about nine
centimeters tall and five centimeters wide, and
weighs about 102 grams. I thought it would
have to have larger dimensions to be able to
hold 5,000 songs, but it’s small and light! Do
you think I should buy it, Julie?
G : It sounds like a good product, but it depends on
the price.
B : Well, now I have the same sort of problem
again. Could you help me figure out how to
convert Chinese currency to our currency?
Unit 9 Communicating Online
M: Computers have transformed the way people
communicate. In some ways this transformation
is good, but in other ways it could be harmful.
Statistics show that millions of people use the
Internet every day. People shop online, play
games, and search for information. Studies also
show that people use the Internet mainly for
communication.
The Internet has made communication fast
and convenient. Email can travel anywhere
within seconds. Chat rooms include people from
3
 all over the world. People can even make
Internet telephone calls.
However, this type of communication is very
different from what people did in the past.
People spend less time talking face to face. They
might “chat” for days without being in the same
room with a real person. They also might
communicate with many people at the same
time. Some researchers think this is unhealthy.
One study on Internet use found that people
who used the Internet a lot were lonely. Also,
they did not communicate as much with members
of their family.
Many people have criticized this study. They
say it did not include enough people and that
loneliness is hard to measure. In my opinion, all
types of communication are good. It is great to
email someone and get a fast response. It is also
nice to talk face to face. We can do both. The
Internet is a fantastic tool. We should use it
wisely to benefit from it.
Unit 10 Science for Girls
G: Hi. My name is Sandy. Welcome to physics,
my favorite class. Although there are 30 students
in our class, only six of us are girls.
Most of my friends don’t like science as
much as I do. They are convinced that science
and mathematics are “boys’ subjects.” They say
that boys learn about science and mathematics
by playing with toys like building blocks, racing
cars, and simple machines, while girls play with
toys like dolls and tea sets. They say their parents
didn’t do science experiments with them or
encourage them to learn math.
Well, that wasn’t the case with me! I played
with dolls, too, but my parents also built up my
confidence in science and math. They used long
plastic rods, which are like sticks, to help me
learn addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division. For my eighth birthday, they gave me a
kids’ chemistry set, which helped me do all sorts
of cool experiments! Whenever we went to the
park, my parents asked me different questions
about the plants and animals that we saw. When
we got home, we looked up the answers together.
4
In school, my teachers were surprised. They
were used to boys giving all the answers in
science class. They were impressed with my
science exam scores. I have lots of confidence in
myself. I know that boys are not smarter than
girls in science and math classes. I just wish I
could convince my friends!
Art and Culture
Unit 11 On Stage!
W: Love. Hate. Death. These things are at the
heart of Shakespeare’s famous tragedy, Romeo
and Juliet. The St. Stephens High School drama
club performed this play last weekend.
Romeo and Juliet is the story of two families,
the Capulets and the Montagues, who are bitter
enemies. Tragedy follows when the son of one
falls in love with the daughter of the other. The
play is set in Verona, Italy, in the late 16th century.
Allison Bourne played Juliet, Capulet’s
beautiful young daughter. She showed the mixed
emotions Juliet felt after secretly marrying the
son of her family’s most hated enemy. At times,
she was happy, and at times, she was afraid.
David Taylor played Romeo, Montague’s
son. He put on a good performance despite
having a head cold. His lines were said with
great feeling in a clear voice.
Eric Parker was the perfect Tybalt: dark and
angry. Maggie Jones played the nurse. She acted
the part of a gossipy old woman very well. She
made everyone in the audience laugh at her
jokes and her comic character.
The whole cast showed enthusiasm in every
scene. The actors knew the meaning of their
lines. They used body language to show this
meaning well. The stage lights were sometimes
too bright or too dim. But the sword fights looked
very real, and the costumes were wonderful.
Overall, St. Stephens’ production of Romeo
and Juliet was a great night of high school theater.

Unit 12 A Famous Portrait
B : The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous
paintings in the world. It was painted by the
great Italian artist, Leonardo da Vinci, between
the years 1503 and 1505. The portrait was done
with oil paint on a simple piece of wood. The
portrait shows a woman in front of a landscape
with mountains. Many people believe that the
model for the painting was the wife of an important
man in the area. However, some people now
think that da Vinci actually drew a picture of
himself. They say the face looks similar to his.
Apparently, da Vinci loved the painting so much
that he carried it with him at all times until he
sold it to the king of France.
The portrait is famous for several reasons.
The best-known reason is for Mona Lisa’s
unusual smile. It is difficult to say if she is being
pleasant or looking arrogant. Another reason
the painting is famous is that it was stolen from
an art museum in 1911. Both France and Italy
sent people to look for the lost painting. It was
then found two years later in a hotel in France.
It is currently on display at the Louvre Museum
in Paris. People from all over the world go to the
museum each year to see the Mona Lisa. In fact,
the painting has so much appeal today that it
has been copied many times.
Unit 13 Leonardo da Vinci
M: When most people hear the name Leonardo
da Vinci, they think of art. But in fact, he was a
man of many talents. He was a scientist, an
inventor, and an artist.
Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 in
Vinci, Italy. When he was 14, his father sent him
to Florence to train under Andrea del Verrocchio,
one of the best artists in the area. Leonardo
became better than Verrocchio. By his early
twenties, Leonardo was famous for his painting.
He was especially good at painting colors and
details. This made his paintings very lifelike. His
most famous paintings are the Mona Lisa and
The Last Supper.
Leonardo was also a great scientist. He was
a good observer of life and nature. He would
ask himself simple questions like, “How do
birds fly?” Then he would try to find the answers.
He was interested in everything. For example,
he studied the inner workings of the human
body. He would cut up dead bodies to examine
their insides.
Leonardo was also a talented inventor. He
believed that by understanding how each part of
a machine worked, the parts could be changed
and combined in different ways to make new
machines. Using his artistic talent, Leonardo drew
pictures of many inventions. However, few of
them were built and tested during his lifetime.
For example, his parachute wasn’t built until
1783. Also, his war tank wasn’t used until World
War I in 1917.
Unit 14 Ludwig van Beethoven
G: Ludwig van Beethoven was a musical genius.
He composed hundreds of songs in his lifetime.
The first four notes of his Fifth Symphony--bom
bom bom bommmmm---are the most famous
in the world. These notes are played on a
trombone. Beethoven was the first composer to
use trombones in a symphony. A symphony is a
very complex and beautiful song. Beethoven
wrote nine symphonies in all. He said that he
first composed symphonies in his head. He
heard the part for every instrument in his mind
before he wrote the first note on paper.
Beethoven was born in 1770 in Bonn,
Germany. His birthday was probably in
December. Nobody is sure. He gave his first
public performance at age seven. He wrote his
first composition before he was 12. Sadly, at the
age of 28, he started to go deaf. But he continued
to compose music and to lead the orchestra. He
never got married.
After his death in 1827, friends found love
letters that he had written to someone he called
“Immortal Beloved.” To be immortal means to
live forever. “Beloved” is a way of saying you love
someone. His lover’s name still remains a mystery.
For these reasons, and because of his wonderful
music, he is remembered as a remarkable man in
history. Perhaps no other composer has had
such a large effect on the history of western
music as Beethoven.
5

Unit 15 A Nice Gift
W: We’ve been invited to Lisa and Tom’s wedding
in August, so we need to get them a present. Do
you have any ideas about what to buy them?
M: I don’t know. I’m not very good at buying gifts
for people. What do you usually buy people for
wedding gifts?
W: I’d like to buy something that they have especially
asked for. Most couples who are getting married
go to several department stores and make a list
of what they would like, and the stores put the
list into a computer system. Then you can go
and print out the list and choose something that
they would like.
M: Are Lisa and Tom registered somewhere?
W: Yes, they are registered at two department
stores. I’ve already printed out their list from
one store.
M: What have they asked for?
W: Well, they have asked for different things for
their new house. They would like towels, linens,
decorations for the house, small appliances for
the kitchen, china, silverware, crystal glasses,
garden tools, and a patio set.
M: Wow! That’s a lot of stuff, how should we
decide what to get them?
W: They have listed a coffee maker as one of the
things they want, so why don’t we buy them a
nice coffee maker?
M: OK, how much is it?
W: It’s forty dollars.
M: Maybe we could get them some nice coffee cups
and some coffee to go with it.
W: That’s a great idea. I think that will make a lovely
wedding present.
Leisure and Entertainment
Unit 16 Collecting Stamps
M: Hello, everyone. My name is Franklin. I’m
the president of the Greenville Stamp Collecting
Club. Many people ask me why stamp collecting
is such a popular hobby. There are several reasons.
First, stamp collecting is inexpensive. Most
6
letters come with stamps on them. All you need
to do is remove the stamp from the envelope. It’s
true that nowadays we may not get as many letters
as we used to. In that case, you might want to
buy your first set of stamps. Stamp dealers often
sell a lot of stamps for only three dollars!
Second, stamp collecting is educational.
Stamps have pictures of everything from world
leaders to endangered animals to various sports.
It is interesting to learn about the people and
things that are pictured on the stamps. It’s much
more exciting than reading a boring history
book.
Also, stamp collecting can help build
friendships between people from around the
world. Stamp collectors in India, for example,
can build stamp-trading friendships with people
from Mexico. They can learn about each other’s
culture while they exchange stamps.
Finally, collecting stamps is something that
families can do together. Parents and children
can spend time enjoying the same hobby and
build a closer relationship, instead of sitting in
front of the television each night.
So there you have four good reasons why
stamp collecting is the world’s number one
hobby. I hope you have enjoyed my talk. There
are refreshments in the lobby. Thank you.
Unit 17 Rock, Paper, Scissors
G : Come on, Tony, let’s go to a movie tonight.
B : We went to a movie on Saturday, Mary, but we
haven’t gone bowling for a long time.
G : I know, let’s play rock, paper, scissors to decide!
B : Rock, paper, scissors? It sounds like an interesting
sort of game! How do you play it?
G : First, we each make a fist with our right hand,
and then we shake our fists at the same time:
one, two, three. On the count of three, you can
keep your hand in a fist---that’s rock---or open
your hand with the palm flat---that’s paper --or
keep your fist, but put out your first and middle
fingers---that’s scissors. The winner is the person
who has the stronger item.
B : That sounds stupid, because rocks are stronger
than paper and scissors, so the rock will win
every time.
G : That’s true in real life, Tony, but that’s not how
it works in this game. Rock can break scissors,
but rock can be covered by paper, and paper can
be cut by scissors. So rock defeats scissors, paper
beats rock, and scissors beats paper.
B : It’s interesting that each item in the game can
defeat one other thing and lose to one other
thing. I wonder who invented this game.
G : I don’t know, but it’s played all over the world.
There’s even a rock, paper, scissors world
championship that has been held every year in
Europe since 1934.
Unit 18 Man’s Best Friend
W: Why are dogs often called “man’s best
friend?” Probably because dogs have many of
the qualities we want in our human companions.
They are loyal, friendly, never argue, and are
always glad to see us. This is one reason why we
have dogs and other pets. Sometimes we might
even prefer the company of animals to that of
fellow human beings.
Pets provide us with many other benefits as
well. Studies have shown that having a pet nearby
lowers the blood pressure of elderly people and
raises their spirits. One study in Britain showed
that people with pets recovered more quickly
from heart attacks than those who didn’t have a
pet. The study also found that pet owners suffered
from fewer common ailments, such as colds,
headaches, and fevers, than people who don’t
own pets.
Pets help children to learn responsibility. By
learning to take care of their pets, children learn
how to take care of themselves and other people.
Walking dogs each day gives children regular
exercise.
Pets can also help keep us safe. Dogs, for
example, guard our homes and scare away
burglars. Guide dogs help blind people “see”
when they need to go outside. Cats catch mice
and rats in our houses.
Finally, pets teach us compassion. They give
us a chance to show our love to other living
creatures. If we can love our pets, it becomes
easier to love each other. And that might be the
most important benefit of all!
Unit 19 The Active Leisure Center
M: Bored with nothing to do? Come and check
out the Active Leisure Center. We offer something
for everyone.
The center has a heated outdoor swimming
pool with five different water slides for those
who want some fun. There’s also an indoor pool
with lanes for more serious swimmers. Swimming
lessons are available for all levels.
The Active Leisure Center also has a fitness
center for those who want to exercise. We have
running machines, exercise bikes, weight machines
and free weights, and daily aerobics and jazz
dance classes. Our fitness experts will be happy
to provide you with a fitness program to suit
your needs.
The center has a sports hall where you can
play indoor soccer, badminton, basketball, and
various other sports. You can join community
sports groups, sign up for tournaments, or just
book the hall for you and your friends to use.
With the school holidays coming soon, why
not come and find out about our special holiday
programs? We have programs for all ages, from
kindergarten to high school students, and if you
join now, you can even get a family discount.
So come and take advantage of all that
the Active Leisure Center has to offer. We’re
open from six a.m. to ten p.m. on weekdays,
and eight a.m. to eight p.m. on weekends. For
more information, call 325-6188 or visit our
website at www.activeleisure.com.
Unit 20 The Audition
B : Hi, Cindy. Are you ready for the big audition
this afternoon?
G : I don’t know, Greg. I’ve been practicing the
script all week, but the princess has so many
lines that I don’t know if I can remember them
all!
B : You don’t have to remember all of them for the
audition, just the lines for the main scene, where
the pirate meets the princess and tries to kidnap
her.
G : I know, but even in that scene, the princess has
quite a few lines!
7
B : You’ve got to think positive and have some
confidence in yourself. I think that you’re going
to get the part, and that you’ll be a fantastic
princess!
G : Well, I’m glad that somebody has confidence in
me. I think I’m just worried that I’ll forget my
lines. By the way, which part are you going to
try out for?
B : I’m trying out for the part of the pirate, the one
who tries to steal the princess away from the
prince.
G : Oh yeah, the pirate and the prince get to have
that cool sword fight in the final scene, and then
the prince kills the pirate with his own sword!
B : Yeah, I remember reading that in the script. But
at the audition today, we’ll be practicing the
scene where the pirate first sees the princess, and
falls in love with her.
G : Hey, I’ll help you practice your scene if you’ll
help me practice mine.
B : You’ve got a deal! Let’s start now.
School and Family
Unit 21 Add, Subtract, Multiply, and
Divide
B : Hello there, Terry. How are you doing?
G : Not too well. I’m really having trouble figuring
out this arithmetic assignment. I can add and
subtract pretty well, but without a calculator it’s
difficult for me to multiply and divide. Hey,
Olaf, I heard that you’re excellent in math.
B : My technique is that I try to imagine pictures in
my mind, so the numbers aren’t just figures on a
page, but something I can apply to real life. One
way I do this is to imagine the numbers as if they
were money. For example, if the equation is 753
minus 236, I think about seven dollars and 53
cents minus two dollars and 36 cents. It’s five
dollars and 17 cents, or 517. Easy!
G : Wow, that does seem easier, for adding and
subtracting. But how do you apply this technique
to multiplying and dividing?
B : OK, suppose the equation is 200 times 30. 30 is
three groups of 10. So, first I imagine 10 groups
of people standing in a large field. Next to each
8
group is a sign with the number 200 on it. At the
front of the field is a huge sign with the number
2,000 on it, because 200 times 10 equals 2,000,
right? But the problem requires 200 times 10
three times, so, I just add two more fields of
people to my picture, with two more signs that
say 2,000. Now I have 2,000 times three. The
answer is 6,000!
Unit 22 I Spy
B : Dad, this is so boring, just sitting back here with
nothing to do!
M: Playing a game is a fun way to pass time on a
long car trip.
B : OK, but what kind of game can we play when
we’re going 70 miles an hour in a car?
M: Well, when I was young, we used to play a game
in the car called “I Spy.” One person decides on
an object that he or she can see, and tells us its
color, then the rest of us have to ask yes-or-no
questions to try and find out what it is.
G : I’ll go first, and I spy something that’s. . .
B : Hey, I wanted to go first!
M: Billy, let your sister begin. Remember, it’s
considered good manners to let girls and
younger children have their turn ahead of us.
G : Yeah, remember your manners, stupid!
M: Betsy, it’s also good manners to treat each other
with respect, and not to call people names. I
think you need to apologize to your brother.
G : I’m sorry, Billy. Let’s start, OK? I spy something
small and green, it’s on the steering wheel, and. . .
B : Stop, Betsy! Dad said that you’re only supposed
to tell us its color, not its size or location or
anything else.
G : Oh no, I forgot!
M: That’s OK, honey, everybody makes mistakes.
Remember the saying: “If at first you don’t
succeed, try, try again.”
G : OK, let me try again. I spy something. . .
Unit 23 American Families Today
W: American families today are very different
from what they were about a hundred years ago.
The main difference is that families are now
much smaller. In the past, most families lived on
farms. They needed children to help them work.
 Today, most families live in cities. Parents do
not expect their children to work for them. It is
also becoming very expensive to raise and educate
children. Many parents cannot afford to have a
large family. Others think that there are already
too many people in the world. If they have more
than two children, it will increase the population.
Also, the types of families are changing.
Statistics show that there are more single
parents than ever before. More and more
unmarried couples are having children, and a
growing number of couples are choosing to have
no children at all. Traditional families---a married
couple with children---live in less than 25 percent
of all US homes.
One reason for this trend is the greater
number of working women. In the past, women
depended on their husbands for money. Now,
many women have jobs. They don’t have to be
married to have money. Another reason is
divorce. This is when a husband and wife decide
not to be married anymore. Almost half of all
US marriages end in divorce. Many people
decide not to get married at all. They prefer to
be single and live without a husband or a wife.
Unit 24 Making Decisions
G: How does your family make important
decisions? Do children have any say in making
these decisions, or do parents simply tell them
what to do? There are several different methods
for making family decisions.
One method is to have a vote. Each family
member writes his or her own choice on a piece
of paper. With this method, each person gets
equal say in the issue being decided. What if the
vote is a tie? You should think of an idea to
break a tie before you vote.
A second method is to give older children
special privileges. If you’re moving into a new
home, for instance, the oldest child might get
first choice of bedrooms.
A third method is to take turns making the
decisions. Suppose a family goes on vacation
together each year. One year they might let their
daughter decide where they should go. The next
year, the choice goes to the son.
A fourth method is to let the head of the
household decide what is best. That is the way we
do it in my family. The head of our household,
my father, listens to all our opinions. Then he
makes a decision. We agree to follow his decision,
even if we don’t like it.
Making family decisions is not always easy.
The important thing is to choose a method that
everyone agrees on. That could cause a problem,
however. Which method should you use to decide
which method to choose for making decisions?
Unit 25 My Favorite Teacher
M: The best teacher I’ve ever had was Mr.
Lambert, my high school French teacher. He
was short, with dark hair, a thick beard, and a
big smile. His legs were short, too, so his arms
always looked too long. He was a very good
teacher because he always brought so much
energy to the classroom. His classes were never
boring because he was always active, trying to
find new methods to communicate ideas.
Because he taught French, English wasn’t
allowed in class, so he often had to demonstrate
the meaning of new words through gestures and
acting.
Once, he had to communicate the word
“above” without saying it in English. First, he
pulled a desk near the blackboard, and then
put a wastebasket between the desk and the
blackboard. Next, he put his feet on the edge of
the blackboard and his hands on the desk so
that he was above the wastebasket. I’ve never
forgotten that demonstration. It was difficult
not to enjoy the subject when he was so excited
about teaching it.
The most important reason that Mr.
Lambert is the best teacher I’ve ever had is that
he loved all his students, even when we made
him angry by speaking English in class.
Whenever that happened, the students always
felt guilty because they had so much respect for
him. Now that I’m a teacher, I try my best to be
like Mr. Lambert. He is my role model.
9

People and Work
Unit 26 Meet Debra
W: Hi! My name is Debra Garrel. I’m a 20-
year-old communications major at New York
University. I love being at university. I’m enjoying
my courses and I meet many new people every
day. It seems like a new adventure, and I love
adventures!
I spent my childhood traveling all over the
world and learning about different cultures. You
see, my father works for the World Bank, so our
family has always moved around a lot. I’ve lived
in Mongolia, East Timor, Brazil, Nigeria, the
Netherlands, and the United States. The hardest
part of growing up was saying goodbye each
time we had to move. But I would always
remind myself that I would make new friends
soon, and I always did. I’ve learned not to be
shy!
After leaving one place, I would always email
or call my old friends. I would tell them about
the new adventures I was having, and ask them
about new things in their lives. That is probably
the reason I chose to major in communications.
I like to keep in touch.
It’s obvious that I love to travel, isn’t it? But
I also enjoy dancing, reading, going to the theater,
and riding horses. If you share any of these
interests and would like to learn more about me,
please let me know. And if you have different
interests, I’ll remind you: I’m always looking for
a new adventure!
Unit 27 What’s in a Name?
W: Sy, do you have a local driver’s license that we
can rent the car with for our trip this weekend?
M: Sure, Jen, here you are.
W: It says here that your name is Sarang Patel, but
I thought your first name was Sy!
M: Sy is my nickname, and Sarang is my given
name. It means “navigator” in Hindi. At the
time I was born, things were confusing and
difficult for my family in India. My parents
wanted a son who could lead and guide our
family to success.
10
W: Well, I just hope you can lead and guide all of us
to the beach this weekend.
M: Ha ha, very funny! So, your nickname is Jen,
and your given name’s Jennifer. Do you know
how you got that name?
W: Actually, I was named after my father’s
grandmother, Guinevere.
M: Wasn’t Guinevere the wife of King Arthur in
that old story from England?
W: Yes she was, and her name means “pure.”
M: It’s interesting how people get their names. In
India, we don’t name children after their relatives
like they do in America. To me, it’s strange to see
names like Jack Johnson Junior and George
Bush Senior.
W: Usually it’s a way to show respect for a person,
but some people make it ridiculous. You’ve
heard about George Foreman, the famous
boxer, haven’t you?
M: No.
W: Well, he had five boys, and he named each one
of them George, after himself.
M: It must be confusing when the phone rings at his
house!
Unit 28 The Right Career
B : People need to consider important factors
when choosing a career. In my opinion, the most
important factor is to choose a job that goes
well with your personality. Are you an outgoing
person who loves meeting new people and talking
to them? Perhaps you should become a tour
guide or a teacher. Are you shy? Maybe you
should be an accountant or a scientist.
Remember, you will do your job almost
every day. If you have to change your personality
when you work, you probably won’t be very
happy. And neither will the people you work
with. Nobody wants an unfriendly tour guide or
an impatient teacher. Are you a moody person?
In most jobs, you will be expected to control
your emotions. That’s hard to do if your mood
changes often. In that case, you might want to
work alone. Perhaps you could be a writer or an
artist.
There are other factors to consider, such as
salary and status. However, what good is a large
 salary or high status if you don’t like your job?
You should consider your personality, find out
what you are very good at doing, and then find
the right career to go with all this. Too many
people choose a career because it pays well. Too
often, they find they don’t like their jobs. But by
then they feel like they’re in a trap, and they
can’t escape. Finding a good career is important.
Think about it and choose carefully.
Unit 29 Body Language
G: Did you know that words are not the only
thing we use to communicate? Most of our
messages are sent through body language. Only
about 10 percent of communication is done
through the actual words of a conversation. Isn’t
that strange? If we understand body language well,
we can learn a lot more about what other people
really think. We can also use body language to
send the right message to others. Have you ever
felt dislike for someone without knowing why?
Well, he or she might have been sending out a
negative message through body language.
What kind of things should you look for if
you want to understand body language? First,
look at people’s eyes. If people are lying, they
may not look directly at the person they are
talking to, and the pupils of their eyes may
shrink. Next, look at people’s arms. Arms
crossed in front of the body might mean a person
is unfriendly or afraid. He or she might be trying
to say, “Stay away.” If the arms are by the side
or at the back of the body, the person might be
saying, “Come closer. I won’t hurt you.” But
keep in mind that there is no accurate way to
interpret body language all the time. Sometimes,
talking is still the best way to communicate.
However, knowing about body language will
improve the way you communicate and help you
understand other people better.
Unit 30 Veterinarians
M: If you like animals and science, you might
want to be a veterinarian. Veterinarians are animal
doctors. They take care of sick and injured
animals. Like doctors, vets perform surgery and
give medicine.
When an animal is sick, vets examine it to
find out why. They look for clues in the way an
animal looks and acts. For example, if a dog is
walking in a strange way, it might have injured
its leg. Vets need to observe animals carefully,
since animals cannot speak to tell anyone what
is wrong.
Vets prevent health problems in animals by
giving vaccinations and check-ups and fixing
teeth. They also teach owners how to feed and
train their animals. Vets use special tools to
perform surgery. They fix broken bones, take
out tumors, take X-rays, and treat wounds.
Most vets treat small pets, including dogs
and cats. A few vets focus on large animals, such
as sheep, cows, and horses. Large-animal vets
usually drive to ranches and stables where their
patients live. Often, they help when the animals
give birth. Vets who work with large animals
often work outside in all kinds of weather.
A few vets work in zoos and aquariums.
They care for zebras, sharks, and other wild
creatures. Because animals can get sick at any
time, vets often work long hours. Many vets like
their work because they can be with animals every
day, even though sick animals can sometimes bite
or kick their vets.
Sports and Health
Unit 31 I Feel Awful!
B : Mom, I feel awful, I think I’d better stay home
from school today.
W: I’m sorry you’re not feeling well. What’s the
problem?
B : I have a stomachache, my head hurts, and I have
a sore throat.
W: Well, we’d better take your temperature and
make sure you don’t have a fever. Keep this
thermometer under your tongue for a minute or
two. Remind me to call your teacher and tell her
you’re sick later on today. All right, let’s check. Oh
dear, you’ve got a fever. Your temperature is 103,
so I think we need to give Dr. Thompson a call.
11
B : I don’t understand how my head can be so hot
when my body feels so cold.
W: That’s called the chills, and they often come
along with fever. You’ve certainly got a fever.
B : But what about my stomachache, and my sore
throat?
W: Well, that’s another reason we need to go see
Dr. Thompson, because when you have a
stomachache, fever, chills, and a sore throat, it
usually means that you have something more
serious than a common cold. I think you’ve
probably got the flu.
B : I hope it’s not too serious, because we’ve got a
basketball game Thursday, and the coach told
me that I’ll probably start.
W: If you want to recover from the flu in time for
your game, you’d better get plenty of rest, take
the medicine the doctor gives you, and drink
plenty of water.
B : I promise I will, Mom. Let’s go and see Dr.
Thompson now.
Unit 32 Why Do We Sneeze?
G: A sneeze is a very interesting thing. We use
many different muscles when we sneeze. These
include stomach muscles, throat muscles, and
eye muscles. Remember, our eyes always close
during a sneeze.
A sneeze begins when something gets inside
your nose, like a tiny particle of dust. Your nose
sends a message to your brain. Your brain sends
messages to the muscles, getting them to work
together in the correct order. When you sneeze,
the dust that was in your nose flies out as fast as
100 miles an hour! Usually something like dust
or cold air makes us sneeze, but some people
sneeze whenever they look at the sun. Some people
think that your heart stops when you sneeze.
Actually, it really doesn’t, but sometimes it
might feel like it does.
After someone sneezes, people often say
“Bless you,” or “God bless you.” To bless
someone means to wish them good and special
things. Why do people say this? Long ago,
people believed that this saying kept bad things
from flying down your throat. Another story is
that people thought this saying would help keep
the person who sneezed from getting a very
12
serious disease called the plague. At that time,
the plague was killing thousands of people. It
was thought that saying “God bless you” would
protect people from getting this awful disease.
Today, the saying is simply a nice way to wish
someone well.
Unit 33 Skiing and Snowboarding
B : My name is Michael Bryce, and I love to ski
and snowboard. I am 16 years old, and I have
been skiing since I was five, and snowboarding
since I was eight. Both my parents like skiing,
and my older brother likes snowboarding.
In my opinion, snowboarding is more fun
and exciting than skiing. When I ski, it feels really
easy to control where I go and how I move. The
ski poles make it very simple to change my
direction. There are no poles in snowboarding,
however, so when you snowboard, you have
to understand the snow very well to make
sure you don’t fall. The feeling I get while I’m
snowboarding is more exciting than when I’m
skiing, because I like having less control. I enjoy
the challenge. I never know what’s going to
happen. This makes it more exciting!
Some people think that the reduced amount
of control in snowboarding makes the sport more
dangerous. But in my opinion, snowboarding is
actually safer than skiing, because when you ski,
you are standing on two skis. If you fall while
on skis, it is very easy to break your bones
by getting your skis stuck in the snow. On a
snowboard, your legs stay together even when
you fall. While I still love to ski, I like
snowboarding much better. It is more fun and
exciting, and maybe even safer, than skiing.
Unit 34 A Nice Cup of Tea
M: Could I offer you a cup of tea?
W: Yes, thank you very much. What kind do you
have?
M: I have Earl Grey, English Breakfast, Irish
Breakfast, and Darjeeling.
W: Those are all black teas. Do you have any green
tea?
M: I’m sorry, I don’t really like green tea.
W: How could you not like green tea? It’s so much
easier to drink than black tea.
M: I just don’t think green tea tastes as good as
black tea. Green tea has a simple flavor, but
black tea has many kinds of flavors.
W: Well I don’t taste many flavors when I drink
black tea. It just tastes bitter to me.
M: Then you should drink more black tea, because
after drinking it for a while, you begin to
appreciate its flavor.
W: Whatever its flavor, black tea can’t be nearly as
healthy as green tea. I read about a study last
week that showed people who drink green tea
are less likely to get serious diseases, like cancer
or heart disease.
M: Well, history tells us that in the past, good black
tea has been considered more valuable than
gold. Wars have been started over it.
W: Really? Which wars?
M: The American Revolution.
W: The American Revolution had nothing to do
with tea!
M: One of the things that started the Revolutionary
War was an incident where a group of
Americans dumped a British shipment of tea
into the ocean in Boston. This was called the
Boston Tea Party, and it had nothing to do with
green tea!
Unit 35 The Injury
B : I’ve just returned from the doctor’s office,
and he told me that because of my injury I will
have to miss the next two weeks of basketball.
I’m really disappointed! Last night, I hurt my
ankle during a very exciting game against West
High School. It was five minutes before the end of
the game, the score was 60-60, I had the ball, and
I heard my coach shouting at me to shoot.
So I started to jump, but suddenly I found
myself lying flat on my back on the court! A
West High player had accidentally knocked me
down. I tried to stand up, but my ankle hurt so
much that I was unable to walk. Two of my
teammates had to help me leave the court. My
ankle started to swell up, so the team doctor
brought me a bag of ice to put on it. The ice was
cold, but it felt good on my ankle.
When the swelling on my ankle reduced a little,
my coach asked the doctor if he thought I would
be able to play any more. But the doctor replied
that I would have to sit out the rest of the game
and come to see him the next day. Not only did
I receive an injury, but we also lost the game by
a score of 68-66. What a disappointing night!
Travel and Transport
Unit 36 Moving
M: Hey, Sheena! I haven’t seen you for ages. What’s
new? Where are you going with all those suitcases?
W: Hi Mark, it’s been a while since the last time we
ran into each other! I’m bringing these suitcases
home to pack because my family is preparing to
move across the bay to Port Anderson.
M: Really? How are you going to transport all your
furniture?
W: I’m not sure. I considered hiring a moving van,
but someone told me it might be more convenient
to rent a huge container and ship everything
across. The details are a bit complicated because
we’ve got so many boxes!
M: Well, when my sister and brother-in-law moved
to Dallas last year, they sent all their furniture
and heavy items by cargo flight. They hauled it
there on a massive cargo plane, then rented a
truck and picked it up at the airport after they
arrived.
W: That’s interesting, but the problem is that we have
so much junk, we might need two cargo planes!
M: Well, however you get it there, it sounds like
you’ll need help once you get it to the other side.
I’ve got a friend there who owns a self-serve
truck company. He can rent you a truck at a
discount rate. Which day are you moving?
W: Next Saturday.
M: I’m free that day, so I’ll help you out! I’ve still
got my small truck, so I can haul some stuff for
you, too.
W: Thanks, Mark. That would be great!
13

Unit 37 Wear Your Seat Belt!
G: Some people think the government should
require passengers by law to wear seat belts in
cars and taxis. They say that seat belts save lives
and money. Statistics show that 60 percent of
people killed in car accidents were not wearing
seat belts. Statistics also show that most people
who wear seat belts survive. In the past 30 years,
seat belts have saved almost $600 billion in medical
costs. The average car accident costs $820 for
each person in the United States. Some states
require people to wear seat belts. In those states,
about 80 percent of the passengers follow the law.
However, other people think it’s wrong to
require seat belt use by law. They say that
passengers should decide for themselves. Many
of these people agree that seat belts save lives,
but they don’t think the government has the
right to force people to wear them. They point
out that smoking cigarettes is also unhealthy.
But the government lets adults smoke if they
want to. Leaders cannot force people to do
what’s good, they argue. It’s better to educate
people so they will want to wear seat belts.
Those who want seat belt laws say that the
right to public safety is more important than
the individual’s right to free choice. But their
opponents say people must be careful to protect
their individual rights. They should decide how
to live their lives, not the government. What is
your opinion on this?
Unit 38 Going on Vacation
W: Hey, Carl, I’m surprised to see you here! Jeremy
told me that you were on vacation.
M: Hi, Shelly. We were visiting some relatives in
Sydney, but we returned last night.
W: Oh, I’ve wanted to go to Australia ever since I
was little! Tell me what it was like.
M: It was fantastic! We fed kangaroos, walked
through rainforests, and swam in the ocean.
What was really great was when we took a train
to Brisbane to see the Great Barrier Reef.
W: I’ve heard that flights to Australia are pretty
expensive.
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M: My dad knows someone who works for Qantas
Airlines, so we were able to get a good deal. The
tickets were only $800 per person for a round
trip.
W: Wow, that is a good deal! When we went on
vacation to Bangkok last year, it cost $1,000 for
a round trip ticket, and Thailand’s closer than
Australia.
M: What did you like best about Thailand?
W: Well, the food was delicious, and riding elephants
was exciting, but I’d have to say that the beach
was the best part. The only unpleasant part of
the trip was after we got home, when we found
out that the airline had lost some of our luggage.
My father’s suitcase and my sister’s backpack
were missing.
M: So, the airline lost two pieces of luggage? How
long did it take you to get them back?
W: Three days, but the good news is that when they
finally found them, they delivered them right to
our front door.
Unit 39 Traveling by Airplane
B : Airplane travelers can choose between three
kinds of tickets: first class, business class, and
economy class. Most people buy economy class
tickets. They are cheaper, so travelers can go to
more places more often. Business class is more
expensive, with good seats and good service.
First class is very expensive, but offers very
comfortable seats and excellent service.
In economy class, the seats are small and
close together. There is not much leg room. In
first class, the seats are huge and wider apart.
There is lots of room for passengers to stretch
their legs. Economy class passengers usually must
all watch the same movie. First class passengers
have their own TVs, and each person can watch
different movies. Economy class passengers eat
cheaper food. First class passengers are served
delicious, fresh food. It is difficult to sleep in
economy class because of the small seats and all
the noise. In first class, the large seats can be
pushed back to make a comfortable bed. There
is a curtain between sections, so it is nice and
quiet.
 Economy class is a good choice for short
flights within the same country. Business class or
first class is a good choice for business travelers
taking an international flight across an ocean.
These people often have to get off the plane and
go right to work. For them, it is important to
arrive fresh, rested, and ready for a full, exciting
day.

Unit 40 A Family Cruise

G: Family Cruise Line is offering a new, exciting
cruise that the whole family can enjoy! We have
a special deal for families all year round on our
Family Caribbean Cruise. This special one-week
cruise leaves from Miami, Florida and stops at
six fantastic Caribbean islands. There is so
much for the entire family to see and do!
On board, we have a variety of great food
for breakfast, lunch, and dinner. We also have
lots of interesting and fun activities. There are
music and dance shows every evening. We have
a movie theater and a KTV bar. For kids, we
have shows each day with their favorite TV
friends like Mickey Mouse, Goofy, and Elmo.
Playing with television characters isn’t the only
activity children will enjoy. They can play
volleyball, swim in one of our three huge pools,
or take dancing and art classes. There’s so much
variety, the kids can try a new activity each day.
Mom and Dad can join them, or rest in lounge
chairs on our wide ship deck.
On shore, you can shop, swim, and enjoy
fresh food while you learn all about island life.
With four to seven hours on shore each day,
you’ll have plenty of time to explore each island.
Does this sound exciting? It is! So, when it’s time
to plan your next vacation, remember Family
Cruise Line. It will be a trip your family will
never forget!

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