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Small windturbines for telecom base stations

Presentation · March 2016

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4754.7767

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Frits Ogg
World Wind Energy Association / CV de WIndvogel / O2G Sustainable
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 7th World Summit for Small Wind 2016

Windturbines and telecom

telecom is the fastest growing source of CO2
Frits Ogg
O2G Sustainable Energy Solutions
The Netherlands

Husum 18 march 2016

Xzeres.com
 Content
● Telecom base station, Provider, Infra
● Grid, off-grid and bad grid
● Energy use, rise of CO2 from telecom
● Solar/Wind, Batteries and Fuelcells
● Wind and businesscase
● CAPEX and OPEX
● Community wind and telecom
● Green power for mobile program
● Applications and Sources Bergey.com

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 2

Worldwide telecom system

Base station

Base station

Telecom
Provider

Fortiswindenergy

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 3

Telecom Base station sustainable

Kestrelwind.co.za

mdpi.com

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 4

 Providers – telecom infra
Telecom providers:

Tower and
infra
companies:

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 5

Grid, off-grid and bad grid

Out of ~ 1,3 million base stations world wide (out of 1-4 million)

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 6

 Markets
By region By Product
● North America
Unreliable grid
● Diesel
● Latin America
● Diesel+Battery
● Western Europe ● Renewable Energy

● Eastern Europe
Off-Grid
● APEJ ● Diesel

● Diesel+Battery
● Japan ● Renewable Energy

● Middle East& Africa

Reliable grid

Source: Green power for mobile

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 7

 Major drivers for the growth in off-
grid and bad-grid towers
●
Rural network expansion
• Rural economy
• Universal coverage mandate
• Poor reach of grid power
infrastructure
• Unreliable grid power supply

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 8

Source: Green power for mobile
Energy use of a standard base station
● Each diesel base
station ~ 20,000 l/yr.
● The cost of running on

diesel $30,000 per year.

● Fuel has to be

physically brought to the

site. Some remote
places, transported by
helicopter.

mdpi.com

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 9

 Rise of CO2 use
If the MNOs and TowerCos continue to use diesel, as is the case for
more than 90% of all off-grid and bad-grid towers today:

• Diesel consumption for telecom towers will increase by 13-15%

from today’s levels, to over 150 million barrels per year. The resulting
annual cost of diesel will be over US$19 billion in 2020,
or US$5 per mobile-phone user per year.

• About 45 million tons of CO2 per year will be released.

●Conversion to more efficient, greener alternative power solutions,

could save the industry US$13-14 billion annually. Adoption of these
green technologies at scale also has the potential to generate
approximately 40 million tons and US$100-500 million
annually in carbon savings.

Source: GSMA – green power for telecom program

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 10
Solar, Solar/Wind, Wind, Batteries and Fuelcells

● Solar
● Solar/Wind
● Wind
● Batteries
● Hydrogen and Fuel cells
● Variable speed DC
genset
+ energy conservation ! With fuel cell: efoy-pro.com

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 11

 Wind worldwide

Source: irena.masdar.ac.ae/?map=103

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 12

 Businesscase
Business case for an existing site depends
on a number of factors;
● Average wind speed in the area-site
● Height of the tower
● Site load. Max load during the day
● Site design, No of TRX, Base station type,
Transmission, A/C
● Cost per kWh from the grid or total diesel costs
● Battery capacity
● Wind as a backup, primary source, solar elements
● Accessibility of the site
● Total cost of ownership

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 13

Source: Zephyr
 CAPEX OPEX TCO ESCO
● CAPEX A traditional base station costs $120,000 to build.
A site powered by RE is slightly more expensive,
● OPEX but the additional cost is won back in
operational savings after 15 to 18 months.
● TCO & INFRA And after that, a company can save $120,000
to $150,000 in reduced operating costs over
a five-year period. (Source: Flexenclosure)
● ESCO
Priority on expanding networks and upgrading technology of active equipment.
●

●A crucial driver of the conversion to greener alternatives will be energy service

companies (ESCOs) that provide energy to towers owned by MNOs and TowerCos

●Many MNOs across the world, especially in Asia and Africa, are in the process of
selling off their tower assets, including the energy infrastructure, to third-party
structures. This trend, is expected to intensify. (Source: Green Power for Mobile)

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 14

Community wind: using mobile to extend the grid or
using local community grid for mobile?

The consistent power requirements of a

mobile base station provide a stable
“constant load” demand for a bigger
investment in a village energy system,
powering both the station and local
homes and businesses.

Not only social benefit for communities but also improving

the business case for off-grid telecoms by:
(a) growing revenu streams,
(b) improving base station security,
(c) charging mobile phones for increased usage, or
(d) outsourcing power provision to third party companies
to achieve lower power cost.

GSM Association January 2010, Community

Power, Using Mobile to
Extend the Grid
Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 15
 Community Wind (2)
Typically with more than
5 kilowatts (kW) of excess power
Communities will no longer
have to waste time travelling
long distances to charge devices.
Potential for 200,000 Community

Power projects worldwide, which

could provide sustainable electricity to 120 million people.

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 16

Radio interaction between SWT and
base station antenna's

François LE PENNEC, Tran Vu LA, Marc

AUBREE, Timo GALKIN, Loutfi NUAYMI, Serge
ELENGA

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 17

Green power for mobile program

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 18

 Conclusions (in-between)
● Great chances for windturbines and kilowatt
windturbines but shift toward opex needed.
● Reliability of the windturbine is important =>
proven track record.
● Marketing SWT branche insufficient.
● Chance to combine community wind and
telecom.
● Much more solar powered telecom towers now
than wind or hybrid powered.
Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 19
 Applications

Fortiswindenergy.com Kenya 4,5 m/s PV-Diesel-Wind

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 20

 More applications 2

Steca.com

Xzeres.com

Stectel.com
Zephyr.com
Bergey.com
Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 21
 More applications 3

Icewind.is

Wishenergy.com
Leturbines.com
Kestrelwind.co.za

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 22

 Sources
Gsma.com Fortiswindenergy.com Fairmountweather.com
Regenpower.com Steca.com
Mdpi.com Zephyr.com
irena.masdar.ac.ae/?map=103 Kestrelwind.co.za
absak.com Leturbines.com
efoy-pro.com Icewind.is
Flexenclosure.com (e-site) Wishenergy.com
Stectel.com Bergey.com
Xzeres.com Ifc.org/climatebusiness
My own Idea's for the telecom industry:
●Use cell towers to track windvelocity worldwide

●For grid coupled base stations: apply RE, for

emergency by natural and man-made disasters

Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 23
Vavuud.com
 Thank you for your attention

fritsogg@gmail.com www.o2g.nl

@fishfrogg skype: frits.ogg

My Ham Radio
Small windturbines and telecom - Frits Ogg WSSW2016 24
call is PA2LIA
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